Izinga le-IPC-6012 Lokwenziwa Kwe-PCB Eqinile

I-IPC-6012 iyi-qualification yomhlaba wonke kanye ne-performance specification yamabhodi wesekethe aprintiwe aqinile. Ichaza kahle ukuthi ibhodi elingenalutho elenziwe kufanele lifinyelele ini ukuze lamukelwe - ubukhulu be-hole plating, i-annular ring, i-dielectric spacing, ukubhaliswa, ukunamathela kwe-solder mask, kanye nezinye izici eziningi ezilinganiswayo - kuzo zonke izigaba ezintathu zokusebenza. Isebenza ku-PCB eqinile eyenziwe ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe noma yiziphi izingxenye. Ukubuyekezwa kwamanje yi- IPC-6012F , ekhishwe yi-IPC (manje esebenza njenge-Global Electronics Association) ngo-Okthoba 2023.

Iyini i-IPC-6012 Standard

I-IPC-6012 iyincazelo yokusebenza kwamabhodi aprintiwe aqinile . Itshela umenzi kanye nomthengi, ngokwemibandela elinganisekayo, lokho ibhodi eliqinile elingenalutho okumele likufinyelele ngaphambi kokuba lithunyelwe. Ubuqotho bomqhubi, ukufakwa kwethusi emigodini naphezu kobuso, indandatho ye-annular emgodini omncane kakhulu obholiwe, isikhala se-dielectric phakathi kwama-conductor aseduze, ukumbozwa kwemaski ye-solder kanye nokunamathela, kanye nokusinda kokucindezeleka kokushisa konke kuhlanganisiwe.

Izinhlobo zokwakha ezimbozwayo

I-IPC-6012F isebenza emindenini eyisithupha yokwakha amabhodi aqinile: amabhodi anohlangothi olulodwa angenazo izimbobo ezifakwe amapulangwe, amabhodi anohlangothi olulodwa anezimbobo ezifakwe amapulangwe, amabhodi anohlangothi oluphindwe kabili anezimbobo ezifakwe amapulangwe, amabhodi anongqimba olunezimbobo ezifakwe amapulangwe, amabhodi anongqimba olunezingqimba eziningi anezimbobo ezifakwe amapulangwe, amabhodi anongqimba olunezingqimba eziningi anezimbobo ezingaboni kanye/noma ezigqitshwe, kanye namabhodi ane-metal-core. Lobo bubanzi yikho okwenza idokhumenti ibe yinkomba yokwenziwa kwe-PCB eqinile.

Lokho okungakumbozi ngokusobala

I-IPC-6012 akuyona indinganiso yokuhlanganisa. Indlela izingxenye ezihlanganiswa ngayo, indlela amalunga e-solder ahlulelwa ngayo, nokuthi ibhodi elihlanganisiwe lihlolwa kanjani ku-IPC-A-610 kanye ne-IPC J-STD-001. I-IPC-6012 nayo ayiyona indinganiso yokuklama - imithetho yokuklama yamabhodi aqinile ikhona ku-IPC-2221 kanye ne-IPC-2222. Akuyona indinganiso eguquguqukayo noma eqinile - leyo imbozwe yi-IPC-6013. Ukugcina ububanzi bucacile kugwema iphutha elivamile lokucaphuna i-IPC-6012 esimweni lapho idokhumenti ehlukile ibusa khona.

I-IPC-6012 Ngaphakathi Komndeni Ojwayelekile we-IPC-6010

I-IPC-6012 ihlala emndenini obanzi we-IPC-6010 wezincazelo zokusebenza kwebhodi elingenalutho. Ukuqonda ukuthi umndeni uxhumana kanjani kwenza kube lula ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi idokhumenti evela kuyo isidingo esithile nokuthi iyiphi okufanele uyicaphune emdwebweni.

• IPC-6011 yincazelo yokusebenza ejwayelekile. Ichaza izigaba ezintathu zokusebenza (Isigaba 1, 2, 3) ezizuzwa yibo bonke abanye bomndeni. Isibuyekezo samanje yi-IPC-6011A (uFebhuwari 2025).
• IPC-6012 isebenzisa lolo hlaka kumabhodi aprintiwe aqinile. Uma i-IPC-6012 isetshenziswa, zonke izidingo ze-IPC-6011 zisebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo.
• IPC-6013 isebenzisa uhlaka olufanayo kumabhodi aphrintiwe aguquguqukayo naqinile.
• IPC-6018 ihlanganisa ukuhlolwa nokwamukelwa kwebhodi lomkhiqizo wokugcina ovame kakhulu (i-microwave).
• IPC-A-600 yidokhumenti yokwamukelwa ebonakalayo ehambisanayo. Ibonisa izithombe nemifanekiso yezimo ezihambisanayo nezingavumelani ezibuyela emuva ezidingweni ezilinganiswayo ku-IPC-6012. Ukubuyekezwa kwamanje yi-IPC-A-600M (Meyi 2025).

Empeleni, incazelo ephelele yokuthengwa kwebhodi eliqinile ikhomba i-IPC-6012 kanye nokubuyekezwa kwayo kanye nesigaba sayo sezidingo ezilinganiswayo, futhi ingabhekisela ku-IPC-A-600 ukuze ichazwe ngokubonakalayo. Le mibhalo emibili yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ndawonye: IPC-6012 ichaza umthetho, i-IPC-A-600 ikhombisa ukuthi yini edlulayo nokuthi yini ehlulekayo.

Kuchazwe Amakilasi Okusebenza e-IPC-6012

Amakilasi amathathu okusebenza kwe-IPC achaza ukuthi ibhodi kudingeka lithembeke kangakanani, hhayi ukuthi lenziwe kanjani. Umugqa ofanayo wokukhiqiza ungakhela ku-Class 1, Class 2, noma Class 3 kuye ngamafasitela enqubo asetshenzisiwe. Iklasi likhethwa kuhlelo lokusebenza lokusetshenziswa kokugcina; umenzi ube esezibophezela ekulawulweni kwenqubo efanayo.

Ikilasi loku-1 - Imikhiqizo Ejwayelekile Kagesi

Amabhodi lapho okuwukuphela kwemfuneko iwukuthi umkhiqizo usebenza. Izinto zabathengi ezinempilo yesevisi emfushane futhi ezingenazo izinkinga zokuphepha ezibalulekile - into entsha yokukhushulwa, ithoyizi elisetshenziswa kanye kuphela. Amafasitela okwamukela yiwona avumela kakhulu; kuyamukelwa ukuhlukahluka okuncane kwezimonyo nobukhulu.

Ikilasi lesi-2 - Imikhiqizo Ye-elekthronikhi Ezinikele Yesevisi

Amabhodi lapho kulindeleke khona isikhathi eside sokuphila kanye nensizakalo engaphazanyiswa kuyadingeka, kodwa indawo yokusebenza ayiyona eyeqile. Iningi lezinhlelo zokusebenza zenduduzo kanye nokuzijabulisa kwezimoto eziningi zezimboni, zezentengiselwano, kanye nezimoto eziningi ziwela lapha. Izindinganiso zokufaka i-plating, i-annular ring, kanye nokwamukelwa ziqinile kune-Class 1 kodwa aziqinile njenge-Class 3.

Isigaba 3 - Imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi Ethembekile Kakhulu

Amabhodi lapho ukusebenza okuqhubekayo noma ukusebenza ngokufunwa kubalulekile, isikhathi sokungasebenzi asikwazi ukubekezelelwa, futhi indawo yokusetshenziswa ingaba nzima ngendlela engavamile. Izindiza zasemoyeni, imishini yezokwelapha esekela impilo, ihadiwe yezempi, kanye ne-elekthronikhi yezimoto ebalulekile ngokuphepha kusetshenziswa iKlasi 3. Ubuncane bokujiya kweplati buphakeme, izidingo zendandatho ye-annular ziqinile, futhi amafasitela okwamukela anciphile. Indlela yokwakha i-PCB yeKlasi 3 ye-IPC ezinikele igcina lezi zidingo kulo lonke umjikelezo wokukhiqiza.

Ukukhetha phakathi kweKilasi 2 neKilasi 3 kunemiphumela yangempela yezindleko kanye nesivuno futhi akuvamile ukuba yisinqumo esingahleliwe; ukuqhathanisa kuhlolisiswa ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlukaniseni kweKilasi 2 neKilasi 3 kwe-IPC.

Lokho i-IPC-6012 ekuchazayo ngamabhodi aqinile angenalutho

Indinganiso ichazwe kabanzi. Ngezansi kukhona isifinyezo esisebenzayo sezimfanelo ezisihlanganisayo kanye nezigaba zezidingo ezihambisana nenye nenye. Imikhawulo yezinombolo eqondile incike ekilasini kanye nokubuyekezwa; umdwebo kufanele uhlale ucaphuna kokubili.

Ukufakwa kwethusi kanye nobuqotho bomqhubi

I-IPC-6012 isetha ubukhulu bethusi obuncane ezindongeni zemigodi, ezindaweni ezingaphandle ngemuva kokufakwa kweplati, kanye nakwe-foil engaphakathi. Isigaba sesi-2 ngokuvamile sidinga okungenani ama-micron angu-20 ethusi ezindongeni ezifakwe imbobo; Isigaba sesi-3 sidinga ama-micron angu-25. Ubukhulu bokuqedwa kwethusi obungaphandle buhlanganisa i-foil yokuqala kanye ne-plating futhi buhlolwa ngokumelene nenani elishiwo emdwebweni - isihloko esidingidwa ngokuningiliziwe ngaphansi kokulawulwa kobukhulu be-PCB plating.

Indandatho ehlanganisiwe kanye nokubhaliswa

Indandatho ye-annular iyibhande lethusi elihlala lizungeze umgodi obholiwe ngemva kokushintsha kokubhalisa. I-IPC-6012 isetha indandatho ye-annular encane ngekilasi ngalinye - Ikilasi 2 livumela ukuhlangana kwezinye izimo; Ikilasi 3 lidinga ubuncane obuchaziwe kuzo zonke izendlalelo zangaphakathi nezendlalelo zangaphandle. Ukunemba kokubhalisa kuyo yonke i-stackup yikho okunquma ukuthi indandatho ye-annular ihlala ngaphakathi kwe-spec ezimbobeni ezincane kakhulu.

Ikhwalithi yembobo kanye nobuqotho besakhiwo

Ikhwalithi yodonga olumboziwe, ukungabikho kwezipikili, izikhala, imifantu, kanye nomonakalo we-laminate konke kuhlanganisiwe. Isiqondiso sesilinganiso kanye nesidingo sokuthi izindonga zemigodi eziqediwe zisinde ekucindezelekeni kokushisa ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa kuhlobene nohlobo lokwakhiwa. Ama-vias agcwalisiwe futhi avaliwe - avame kakhulu emsebenzini we-HDI - abhekwana nawo ekubuyekezweni okulethe ukugcwalisa ngokugcwalisa ekukhiqizweni okujwayelekile.

Isikhala se-dielectric kanye nezidingo zezinto ezibonakalayo

Kucacisiwe ubukhulu obuncane be-dielectric phakathi kwezingqimba eziqhubayo, ikhwalithi ye-laminate, kanye nokumelana kwe-laminate ekucindezelekeni kokushisa. Ukuhlolwa kwe-microsection ngemuva komjikelezo wokushisa olingiswayo kuwubufakazi obujwayelekile bobuqotho be-laminate; yingakho izindawo zokukhiqiza zivame ukuhamba namakhuphoni angahlukaniswa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amabhodi ngokwawo. Ukwakhiwa kwe-HDI okunama-microvia ahlanganisiwe kukhulunywa ngokusobala ku-IPC-7095 futhi kubhekiselwa ku-IPC-6012F.

Ukumbozwa kwemaski ye-solder, ukubhaliswa, kanye nokunamathela

Imaski yokusoda kumele inamathele kuthusi kanye ne-laminate, ibhaliswe ngokunembile kuma-pad, futhi ihlangabezane nemigomo yokuqina nokucaca. Izidingo zezinto zemaski yokusoda ezinemininingwane zibhekiselwa ku-IPC-SM-840; i-IPC-6012 ichaza ukuthi imaski eqediwe ihlulelwa kanjani ebhodini.

Ukuqeda umphezulu kanye nokushintshwa kwe-solder

I-IPC-6012 icacisa ukuthi ukuphela kwendawo okukhethiwe kumele kuvikele ithusi elingaphansi futhi kukwazi ukushibilika kuwo wonke amaqoqo. Ukuhlolwa kokushibilika ngokwe-IPC J-STD-003 kuwubufakazi obujwayelekile. Izidingo eziningiliziwe zobukhulu beplatingi zokuqeda okuthile - i-ENIG, i-ENEPIG, isiliva lokucwilisa, ithini lokucwilisa, i-OSP, i-HASL - zibhekwa yimibhalo ye-IPC ethize yokuqeda (IPC-4552 ye-ENIG, i-IPC-4553 yesiliva lokucwilisa, i-IPC-4554 yethini lokucwilisa, i-IPC-4556 ye-ENEPIG), konke okusebenza kanye ne-IPC-6012.

Ukuhambisana nobukhulu, okwenziwa ngomshini, kanye nogesi

Ubukhulu bohlaka lwebhodi, ukunemba kwendawo yembobo, ukugoba nokujika, kanye nokuqhubeka kukagesi kanye nokuhlukaniswa konke kusesilinganisweni. Ukuhlolwa kwenethi kagesi ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kukagesi kwe-PCB kuqinisekisa ukuthi inethi ngayinye iyaqhubeka futhi ihlukaniswe nenethi ngayinye ngaphambi kokuba ibhodi liphume efektri.

I-IPC-6012 Isigaba sesi-2 vs Isigaba sesi-3 ekusebenzeni

Indlela ehlanzekile yokubona igebe phakathi kweKlasi 2 neKlasi 3 isezinombolo. Ikilasi futhi liyisivikelo umthengi asiphendukela kuso ukuze alinganisele ukuthembeka uma kuqhathaniswa nezindleko kanye nesikhathi sokukhokha.

Imiphumela yezindleko kanye nesivuno sokusuka eSigabeni sesi-2 ukuya eSigabeni sesi-3 ingokoqobo. Isigaba sesi-3 sidinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kokucwebezela, ukuhlolwa kwamakhuphoni okuvamile, ukubhaliswa okuqinile, kanye nokubekezelela okuncane kokushintshashintsha kwezimonyo kanye nobukhulu obuncane. Intengo ibonisa ukulawulwa kwenqubo; isivuno ngezinye izikhathi siphansi ngoba imikhawulo yokwenqatshwa iqinile. Isigaba sesi-3 kufanele sikhethwe ngoba isicelo siyasidinga, hhayi njengenqubomgomo yomshuwalense ejwayelekile. Lapho isicelo sisebenza futhi, ukukhethwa kwe-laminate kanye nokwakhiwa kuhlangana nezidingo zesigaba - yilapho ulwazi ngezakhiwo ezishisa kakhulu njenge -PCB zensimbi kanye ne-PCB ezinezingqimba eziningi ezindaweni ezinzima lusiza khona.

Ukuhlolwa Kwezimfanelo kanye Nezidingo Zekhuphoni

I-IPC-6012 ihlukanisa phakathi kokuhlolwa kweziqu (ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umenzi wezinto angakha ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso) kanye nokuhlolwa kokuhambisana (ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ethile ihlangabezana nezindinganiso). Indlela yakho kokubili ikhuphoni - uhlu oluncane lwezakhiwo zokuhlola ezenziwe kuphaneli yokukhiqiza efanayo namabhodi amakhasimende, eklanyelwe ukuze ihlukaniswe, ihlolwe ngogesi, futhi icindezelwe ngokushisa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amabhodi alethwayo.

Izinhlobo zamakhuphoni okubhekiselwe kuzo ku-IPC-2221 kanye ne-IPC-6012

• Ikhuphoni - ukubhaliswa kanye nekhwalithi yokubeka iplati ezimbotsheni ezidlulayo; ikhuphoni evame ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezigaba zesigaba sesi-2 nesesi-3.
• Ikhuphoni B – ukuhlolwa kokukwazi ukusongelwa ngokwe-IPC J-STD-003.
• Ikhuphoni lika-D - ukujiya kanye nobuqotho be-dielectric, okuvame ukusetshenziswa lapho umsebenzi wokulawula ukuvimbela uhilelekile eceleni i-PCB yokuvimbela ukulawulwa ukuhlolwa.
• Ikhuphoni le-E – ukumelana nomswakama kanye nokushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe imvelo.
• Ikhuphoni lika-R - ubuqotho besakhiwo okuhlanganisa ikhwalithi yemigodi ebholiwe kanye nobukhulu beplati; isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhambisaneni kweSigaba sesi-3.

Amakhuphoni ahamba ne-lot futhi ahlinzeka ngomzila wobufakazi ovumela umenzi wezinto ukuthi abonise ukuhambisana kwe-IPC-6012 ngaphandle kokubhubhisa amabhodi amakhasimende. Uma umthengi ecacisa ikilasi, uveza futhi ngokungaqondile ukuthi lo mzila wobufakazi ukhona - yingakho ukuvumelana ngezinhlobo zamakhuphoni, imvamisa ye-microsection, kanye nefomethi yombiko kusengaphambili kugcina ikhotheshini ithembekile futhi ukulethwa kuhlolwe.

Yini Eshintshile Ku-IPC-6012 Revision F

Isibuyekezo F, esakhishwa ngo-Okthoba 2023, saletha isibuyekezo esibaluleke kakhulu eminyakeni eminingana. Izinguquko zibonisa lokho imboni eyayibhekene nakho ngempela ngaphansi kokubuyekezwa kwangaphambilini - ukuthembeka kwe-microvia ku-HDI ehlanganisiwe, ukubhoboza emuva kokuqina kwesignali yesivinini esikhulu, ukwakhiwa kwe-cavity, kanye nokufakwa kwe-copper-cap yama-vias agcwele - futhi baqinisa imithetho endaweni ngayinye.

• Ukuthembeka kwe-Microvia: Ama-microvia ahlanganisiwe kumabhodi aminyene e-HDI ayesephenduke imodi yokwehluleka okubhaliwe. Isibuyekezo F senezela izidingo zokuhlola nokwamukela ezibamba inkinga ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, sibhekisela emikhubeni ekusetshenzisweni ukwakhiwa kwe-microvia.
• Ukwamukelwa kokubhoboza emuva: Ukususa i-stub engasetshenziswanga ye-plated through-hole - ukubhoboza emuva - manje sekuyinto evamile kumasignali esivinini esikhulu, futhi i-Revision F inikeza izindlela zokwamukela ezicacile zobude be-stub, i-copper smear, kanye nobukhulu bodonga obusele, okuhambisanayo ukubhola emuva ukulawula inqubo.
• Ukwakhiwa kwembobo: Imiklamo enezimbobo ezigayiwe zezingxenye ezifakiwe noma izifunda ezincishisiwe manje inemithetho yokwamukelwa echaziwe esikhundleni sokuphathwa icala ngalinye.
• Ukufakwa kwesivalo sethusi: Ama-Vias agcwele i-epoxy engaqhubi bese evalwa ngethusi elifakwe ngogesi – elivame ukusetshenziswa ku-via-in-pad – anobukhulu obucacile be-cap kanye nemithetho yokwamukelwa kwendawo exhunywe ngaphansi. nge-pad inqubo.
• Imifantu kanye nezikhala ezimbozwe nge-laminate: Izinqubo ezibuyekeziwe zalokho okwamukelekayo ngaphakathi kwe-microsection, ngemikhawulo eqinile ye-Class 3.
• I-Etchback kanye ne-surface plating: Ukwamukelwa okucwengisisiwe kwe-etchback ezimbobeni ezifakwe ipulasitiki kanye ne-surface plating elandelayo.

Uma imininingwane yokuthengwa isabhekisela ku-IPC-6012E (2020) noma ngaphambili, ithimba lokukhiqiza kufanele liqinisekise ukuthi umthengi uhlose ukubuyekezwa okudala noma ulindele okwakamuva. Izindinganiso zokwamukelwa phakathi kokubuyekezwa azifani ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ukugxuma okungamenyezelwanga kungashintsha buthule lokho okudlula ukuhlolwa.

Indlela Yokucacisa I-IPC-6012 Emdwebweni Wokwenziwa

I-IPC-6012 iyasiza kuphela uma isetshenziswe kahle kumdwebo wokukhiqiza kanye ne-oda lokuthenga. Imikhuba embalwa ivimbela izingxabano ezivela ngenye indlela.

• Bhala idokhumenti, ukubuyekezwa, kanye neklasi ndawonye. Yibhale njengesigatshana esisodwa – isibonelo “IPC-6012F Class 3”. I-“IPC-6012” engenalutho ishiya ukubuyekezwa kanye nesigaba singacacile.
• Cacisa ukuthi ukujiya kwethusi kuyaqala noma kuqediwe. Isisindo se-foil yethusi yokuqala (1 oz, 2 oz) kanye nobukhulu bethusi obuqediwe ngemva kokufakwa kwe-plating kuyizinombolo ezahlukene; umdwebo kufanele ucacise ukuthi kusho ukuthini.
• Shayela isithasiselo esifanele uma sisebenza. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Automotive Aerospace kanye ne-Defense zingase zisebenzise i-IPC-6012DA noma i-IPC-6012ES; izinhlelo zokusebenza zezokwelapha zingase zengeze isengezo sazo. Isengezo siyingxenye yesidingo.
• Cacisa amakhuphoni nemibiko. Uma kudingeka amakhuphoni e-microsection, izitifiketi zokuhambisana, noma imibiko yokuhlola enemininingwane, washo. Ngaphandle kwalokho angase angafakwa ohlelweni olucashuniwe.
• I-IPC-A-600 yokubhekisela ekuchazeni okubonakalayo. Uma umdwebo uphawula ukuthi “ukwamukeleka nge-IPC-A-600M ngayinye”, umenzi kanye nomhloli banendinganiso efanekisiwe yezahlulelo ezibonakalayo i-IPC-6012 ezishiya zihunyushwe.
• Xazulula ukungaqondakali ekubuyekezweni kwangaphambi kokukhiqiza. Kafushane Ukubuyekezwa kwe-DFM ngaphambi kokuba i-lot ibekwe, kuba nokungqubuzana phakathi komdwebo kanye nendinganiso - indawo eshibhile yokuzilungisa.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-IPC-6012 kwa-Highleap Electronics

Kwa-Highleap Electronics, i-IPC-6012 iyincazelo yokusebenza phansi kokwenziwa. Yonke i-PCB eqinile esiyakhayo yenziwe ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwenqubo okubhaliwe okuqondiswe ku-IPC-6012, kanti ikilasi - iKilasi 2 ngokuzenzakalelayo, iKilasi 3 lapho umdwebo udinga khona - amafasitela okufaka amaplati okushayela, ukubekezelela ukubhaliswa, imvamisa ye-microsection, kanye nemigomo yokwamukelwa phakathi nokugijima.

Umdwebo wakho wokwenziwa ulawula ukwakheka. I-stackup, isisindo sethusi, ukuqeda kobuso, isigaba se-IPC kanye nokubuyekezwa, ama-controlled-impedance target, osayizi bemigodi eqediwe, ukubekezelelana kohlaka lwebhodi, ukwakheka kwamaphaneli, nanoma yimaphi amanothi enqubo engeziwe avela kuphakheji yakho yokukhishwa. Indima yethu ukwakha ngaleyo ncazelo futhi, lapho i-CAM yethu noma onjiniyela benqubo bebona inkinga yokwenziwa, yimake kuwe ngesincomo esicacile kunokushintsha umklamo buthule.

Lokho okunikezwayo yisakhiwo se-IPC-6012 esiqondiswe ku-Highleap

• Ukulawulwa kwenqubo ekilasini elisemdwebweni: Okuzenzakalelayo kwesigaba sesi-2; Isigaba sesi-3 esine-plating eqinile, indandatho ye-annular, ukubhaliswa, kanye namashejuli e-microsection ngokusebenzisa Ukwakhiwa kwe-PCB.
• Ukumbozwa okugcwele kohlobo lokwakha: Izakhiwo ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili, ezinezingqimba eziningi, ezingaboni/ezingcwatshwe nge-HDI, kanye ne-metal-core zonke ezakhiwe ngohlaka olufanayo lwe-IPC-6012.
• Ukuqedwa kobuso kuya kokucacisiwe: I-ENIG, i-ENEPIG, isiliva lokucwilisa, ithini lokucwilisa, i-OSP, i-HASL, kanye negolide eliqinile elikhethiwe, elinobukhulu obuqediwe obuqinisekiswe yi-XRF kuwo wonke amaqoqo.
• Iziqu ezisekelwe kukhuphoni: Amakhuphoni e-A, B, D, E, kanye no-R enziwe eceleni kwamaphaneli okukhiqiza futhi acutshungulwa ngaphansi ukuhlolwa kwebhodi lesifunda ngokwesidingo sekilasi.
• Ubufakazi bokuthembeka kwe-microsection kanye ne-microvia: Imibiko yezingxenye ezahlukene, izilinganiso ze-copper wrap, kanye nedatha yokuthembeka kwe-microvia elethwa ne-lot uma icacisiwe.
• Ukuhambisana nokubuyekezwa kwakamuva: Yakha ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-IPC-6012F ngaphandle kokuthi umdwebo ubiza ukubuyekezwa kwangaphambilini; ukubuyekezwa kuqinisekiswa ngesikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwe-CAM.

Khokha iBhodi ekilasini le-IPC-6012

I-IPC-6012 ikunikeza wena kanye nomenzi wakho incazelo elinganiselwe neyabiwe ye-PCB eqinile eyamukelekayo. Khetha ikilasi kuhlelo lokusebenza, qamba isibuyekezo esikumdwebo, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi umenzi angayakha futhi ayibhale phansi. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-Highleap Electronics nokuthi yonke i-PCB eqinile esiyithumelayo yenziwa kanjani ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwenqubo ye-IPC-6012 okubhaliwe.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Iyini indinganiso ye-IPC-6012 ngamagama alula?

I-IPC-6012 iyincazelo yamazwe ngamazwe echaza lokho ibhodi eliqinile elingenalutho elenziwe ngaphambi kokuba lamukelwe. Ihlanganisa izimfanelo ezilinganiswayo - ubukhulu be-hole plating, indandatho ye-annular, isikhala se-dielectric, ukubhaliswa, ukunamathela kwemaski ye-solder, ukusinda kokucindezeleka kokushisa - okuhlelwe ngezigaba ezintathu zokusebenza. Kuyindinganiso yokwenziwa, hhayi indinganiso yokuhlanganiswa, futhi kusebenza ebhodini ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe noma yiziphi izingxenye.

Iyini inguqulo yamanje ye-IPC-6012?

I-IPC-6012F, eyakhishwa ngo-Okthoba 2023, iyisibuyekezo samanje. Ithatha indawo ye-IPC-6012E (2020) futhi yengeza imithetho ecacile yokuthembeka kwe-microvia, ukwamukelwa kokubhoboza emuva, ukwakhiwa kwe-cavity, ukufakwa kwe-copper-cap yemigodi egcwele, kanye nemikhawulo ebuyekeziwe ye-laminate-defect. Njalo bhala incwadi yokubuyekeza (i-F ku-IPC-6012F) emdwebweni wokwenziwa ngoba izindlela zokwamukela ziyahluka phakathi kokubuyekezwa.

Ihluke kanjani i-IPC-6012 ku-IPC-A-600?

I-IPC-6012 inikeza izidingo ezilinganiswayo - imikhawulo yezinombolo kanye nemithetho enquma ukuthi ibhodi eliqinile elenziwe liyadlula yini. I-IPC-A-600 (isibuyekezo samanje IPC-A-600M, Meyi 2025) inikeza izithombe nemifanekiso yezimo ezivumelanayo nezingavumelani, esekela ukuhumusha okubonakalayo. Zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ndawonye. Ukucaphuna i-IPC-6012 kanye nesigaba sayo kwenza isidingo sisebenze; ​​IPC-A-600 ibonisa lokho umhloli akubukayo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-IPC-6012 Class 2 kanye ne-Class 3?

Isigaba sesi-3 sidinga ithusi elijiyile elifakwe imbobo evulekile (ngokuvamile ama-micron angu-25 ubuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nama-20 eSigaba sesi-2), indandatho eqondile echaziwe kuzo zonke izendlalelo, imikhawulo eqinile kumaphutha e-laminate, ukuhambisana okuvame kakhulu okusekelwe kumakhuphoni, kanye namafasitela okwamukelwa amancane iyonke. Izindleko ziphakeme futhi isivuno ngezinye izikhathi siphansi ngoba amafasitela aqinile. Isigaba sesi-3 kufanele sikhethwe ngoba uhlelo lokusebenza luyidinga, hhayi njengokuthuthukiswa okuvamile.

Ingabe i-IPC-6012 ihlanganisa ama-PCB aguquguqukayo noma aqinile?

Cha. I-IPC-6012 ihlanganisa amabhodi aprintiwe aqinile kuphela. Ukwakhiwa okuguquguqukayo nokuqinile kuhlanganiswe yi-IPC-6013. Womabili amadokhumenti abelana ngohlaka lwekilasi lokusebenza lwe-IPC-6011 ngakho iKlasi 2 neKlasi 3 zinencazelo efanayo emsebenzini oqinile noguquguqukayo, kodwa izidingo ezithile zokwakha ziyahluka.

Ngingayibhala kanjani imfuneko ye-IPC-6012 emdwebweni wami wokwenziwa?

Bhala idokhumenti, ukubuyekezwa, kanye neklasi ndawonye njengesigatshana esisodwa – isibonelo “Faka ngokwe-IPC-6012F Class 2”. Engeza noma yisiphi isithasiselo esisebenzayo (izimoto, izindiza, ezokwelapha), bhekisa i-IPC-A-600 ukuze uthole ukwamukelwa okubonakalayo uma kufanele, bese usho ukuthi udinga amakhuphoni e-microsection, izitifiketi zokuhambisana, noma imibiko ethile yokuhlola ukuze ububanzi obucashuniwe bubonise okutholakalayo kwangempela.

Ingabe i-IPC-6012 iyafana ne-IPC-A-610?

Cha. I-IPC-A-610 iyindinganiso yobuciko nokwamukelwa kwamabhodi ahlanganisiwe - amalunga e-solder, ukubekwa kwezingxenye, ukuhlanzeka kwangemva kokuhlanganiswa. I-IPC-6012 ima ebhodini elingenalutho. Imininingwane ephelele yomkhiqizo we-elekthronikhi ivame ukubhekisela kokubili: IPC-6012 ye-PCB eyenziwe kanye ne-IPC-A-610 yokuhlanganiswa kwabantu.