Kushandiswa Kwakanakisisa Kwekushongedza Kwemagetsi

Hapana "flux yakanakisisa yekusonerera" - yakanakisa ndiyo mhando inoenderana nebasa rako. Kune akawanda mabasa emagetsi, sarudzo chaiyo ndeyekusonerera kusina kuchena kana kuti rosin (RMA) : ese ari maviri akapfava, haaparadzi kana ashandiswa nemazvo, uye akachengeteka pamabhodhi edunhu. Kusonerera kunonyungudika mumvura kwakasimba uye kunoshandiswa kwaunogona kushambidza bhodhi zvakanaka mushure mezvo. Chinhu chimwe chete chekudzivisa zvachose iacid kana "plumbing", iyo ine ngura inokuvadza electronics. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura mhando dzeflux, mafomu adzo, masarudzo adzo akanakisa ekusonerera nemaoko, SMD rework, kana kugadzira, uye kuti flux inodzorwa sei muPCB assembly chaiyo.

Chii chinoita kuti soldering flux ishande uye nei mhando yacho ichikosha

Flux ine basa rimwe chete guru: kubvisa ganda rakatetepa re oxide pamusoro pesimbi kuitira kuti solder yakanyungudutswa inyorovese uye ibatanidzwe pairi. Copper inopisa inooxidates nekukurumidza, uye solder hainamatire kune oxide. Flux inobvisa oxide iyoyo nemakemikari, inoidzivirira kuti isagadzikezve mukati memasekonzi mashoma apo joint inenge ichipisa, uye inoderedza kushushikana kwenzvimbo kuitira kuti solder ienderere mu fillet yakatsetseka.

Chikonzero chinoita kuti "mhando" ive chinhu chakakosha ndeye residue. Mushure mekusungirirwa, flux yega yega inosiya chimwe chinhu, uye kuti residue iyoyo inokuvadza kana kuti inofambisa sei - uye kana ichifanira kucheneswa - ndizvo chaizvo zvinoparadzanisa flux yakachengeteka pabhodhi redunhu kubva kune iyo inoiparadza zvishoma nezvishoma. Kusarudza flux yakanakisa ndeyekusarudza nhanho chaiyo yekushanda uye maitiro eresidue ebhodhi rako uye kugona kwako kurichenesa.

Mhando dze soldering flux (rosin, isina kuchena, inonyunguduka mumvura)

Mhuri nhatu dzinofukidza dzinenge dzese electronics soldering. Dzinorongwa zviri pamutemo neJ-STD-004 standard, iyo inoronga base chemistry uye activity (semuenzaniso ROL0 zvinoreva rosin base, low activity, no halides).

Kune vaverengi vazhinji sarudzo yacho iri nyore: rosin (RMA) kana flux isina kuchena ndiyo sarudzo yakachengeteka uye yakanakisisa. Shandisa iyo inonyunguduka mumvura chete kana uchida simba rayo rekuchenesa uye uchikwanisa kusuka bhodhi zvakanaka.

Mafomu eFlux uye nguva yekushandisa imwe neimwe

Kemikari imwe chete inouya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemuviri, uye chimiro chacho chinowanzokosha zuva nezuva kupfuura kemikari chaiyo.

• Waya yekusonesa yeFlux-core — flux yakavakirwa pakati pewaya. Yakanakira kusungirirwa nemaoko; pamabasa mazhinji ekubvisa maburi nekuisa simbi hapana flux yekuwedzera inodiwa.
• Peni yekuyerera kwemvura / peni yekuyerera kwemvura — mvura yakatetepa inoiswa nepeni kana bhurashi. Yakanaka pakudhonza-kusunga, kuisa mugirazi, uye kuzorodza mapedhi akaoxidized.
• Jeri/mushonga wekuisa paste (sirinji) — gobvu, rinodzoreka, rinogara pawakariisa. Chinhu chinodiwa pakugadzirisa SMD nekugadzirazve zvidimbu zvakanaka.
• Kuyerera kwakasimba — jeli rinonamira rinobatsirawo kubata zvidimbu zvidiki panzvimbo. Rakanakira BGA uye kugadzirisa QFN nekugadzirisa zvakare.
• Solder namatidza — flux yakasanganiswa ne powdered solder, yakadhindwa kuburikidza nestencil yekubatanidza pamusoro penzvimbo (kwete flux yakazvimiririra, asi flux chemistry imwecheteyo iri mukati).

Maitiro ekusarudza nzira yakanakisisa yebasa rako

Pane kungohwina mumwe chete, enzanisa mashandiro ebasa riri pamberi pako.

Mitemo miviri inopindirana nesarudzo huru: shandisa flux isinganyanyi kusimba iyo inoita kuti pave neruzha, uye kana ukashandisa flux inonyungudika mumvura, ronga kuchenesa bhodhi zvachose risati ratanga kushanda.

Kunzwisisa mavara eflux (code yeJ-STD-004)

Mapepa edata anotsanangura flux nekodhi pfupi yeJ-STD-004 pane kungoti "haina kuchena." Kuiverenga kunokuudza kemikari, kuti flux yacho inoshanda sei, uye kana iine halides - inobatsira kana uchida kufananidza flux nemaitiro kana zvinodiwa zvekuvimbika.

Saka ROL0 iflux yerosin isingashande zvakanyanya isina halides - flux yakajairika, inonyungudika nemaoko - nepo ORH1 iri flux yeorganic (inonyungudika mumvura) ine halides dzinofanira kucheneswa. Kune akawanda ma electronics, L0 kana M0 flux ndiyo nzvimbo yakachengeteka.

Zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa zvinoyerera zvakanyanya

Rondedzero chaiyo ye "mhando yepamusoro" inochinja kazhinji, uye chigadzirwa chakakodzera chinoenderana nebasa rako, saka shandisa zvinotevera semienzaniso inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, inokosheswa pane kusarudza chimwe chete chakajeka:

• Paste/gel flux isina kuchena (semuenzaniso MG Chemicals 8341) — mushonga we rosin unonaka usingacheneswi unoshandiswa pakugadzirisa uye kushanda neSMD.
• Kuyerera kusina kuchena kwetacky flux (semuenzaniso ChipQuik SMD291) — sarudzo inowanzoitwa pakugadzirisa SMD/BGA uye kugadzirisa bhora.
• Rosin paste inoyerera (semuenzaniso SRA, Kester rosin) — rosin flux yechinyakare inoshandiswa pakusonesa nemaoko uye kugadzira simbi.
• Mapeni emvura asina kuchena ekuyerera / ekuyerera (semuenzaniso Kester 951, MG Chemicals) — yekushandisa pakudhonza nekunamira mapedhi.

Chero chaunotenga, tarisa kuti chakagadzirirwa zvemagetsi (kwete zvepombi), kuti mashandiro acho anokodzera solder ine lead kana isina lead sezvinodiwa, uye kuti maitiro ezvimedu zvinoenderana here kana uchachenesa bhodhi.

Kuchenesa zvinosara zveflux uye kuchengetedzeka

Maitiro aunoita zvinhu zvakasara zvinoenderana nekuyerera kwemvura:

• Kwete-yakachena Zvasara zvakagadzirwa kuti zvisiiwe panzvimbo yazvo uye hazvina njodzi pamagetsi. Zvinogona kucheneswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekunaka kana kuti zvinogona kukanganisa kuvharwa kweganda kana kusangana nebvudzi rekuongorora.
• Rosin Zvasara hazvifambise mvura asi zvinogona kutsvedza uye zvinowanzo tsvairwa ne isopropyl alcohol (IPA) kuti bhodhi rionekwe zvakanaka uye rionekwe zvakanaka.
• Mvura-soluble residual fanira Bvisa nemvura (zvingangove zvakanaka kuti iomeswe) uye bhodhi riomeswe zvizere usati washandisa magetsi, nekuti zvasara zvinokuvadza uye zvinofambisa mhepo kana zvikasiyiwa.

Kuchengetedzwa: gara uchisanganisa mvura munzvimbo ine mhepo inofefetera kana kuti ine fume extraction — utsi hunofefetera — uye geza maoko mushure mekubata flux. Uye kudzokorora pfungwa inonyanya kukosha: acid/plumbing flux (yakavakirwa pazinc-chloride) haimboshandiswi pama circuit boards; residue yayo inoparadza makwara uye inoita nzira dzekubuda mvura.

Maitiro ekufambisa kwemvura muPCB assembly

Mukugadzira vhoriyamu, flux haisarudzwe nefeel — inosarudzwa uye inodzorwa. flux iri mukati me solder paste inoenderana ne alloy uye reflow profile, makemikari asina kuchena anoshandiswa uko masara anogona kugara zvakachengeteka, uye flux dzinonyungudika mumvura kana kuti dzinoshanda zvakanyanya dzinobatanidzwa ne inline wash step.

Highleap Electronics , kambani inogadzira PCB nePCBA iri kuChina, inodzora kuyerera nekusara kwechinhu sechikamu chegadziriro yekubatanidza: paste nekuyerera zvakasarudzwa zve alloy, kuchenesa uko makemikari kana zvinodiwa nekuvimbika kwemutengi zvinoda, uye kusimbiswa neAOI neX-ray. Kana mapuranga akatarisana nehunyoro kana kusvibiswa pabasa, coating inoiswa pamusoro penzvimbo yakacheneswa zvakanaka. Ongororo yeDFM inogona kuratidza zvinodiwa zvekuchenesa nekufukidza usati watanga kugadzira.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa Pamusoro Pekusanganisa Soldering

Ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekushandisa magetsi ekusoldering?

Kune akawanda ma electronics, mushonga unobuda usina kuchena kana kuti rosin (RMA) ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisisa — wakapfava, hauparadzi kana ukashandiswa nemazvo, uye wakachengeteka pamabhodhi. Pakugadzirisazve SMD neBGA, mushonga unobuda usina kuchena unoshanda zvakanyanya.

Ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzirisa SMD neBGA?

Jeri rinobuda musirinji risina kuchena. Rinogara panzvimbo chaiyo yaunoriisa, rinobata zvidimbu zvidiki panguva yekuiswa, uye rinosiya zvasara zvakachengeteka, ndosaka riri iro gwara rekuti fine-pitch uye BGA reballing.

Kusachena kana kuti rosin flux zviri nani here?

Zvese zvakanaka pakushandisa magetsi. Kusachena kwakakodzera nekuti zvasara zvayo zvinogona kusiyiwa panzvimbo yazvo uye hazvina njodzi pamagetsi, zvichiita kuti ive ndiyo nzira yekugadzira zvinhu. Rosin (RMA) inorerutsira uye yakanaka pakunamira nemaoko, kunyangwe zvasara zvayo zvichiwanzocheneswa kuti bhodhi rive rakarongeka.

Ndinofanira kuchenesa flux mushure mekunamira here?

Zvinoenderana neflux. Hapana chena inogona kusiiwa. Rosin haifambise mvura asi inowanzo tsvairwa kuti ionekwe uye iongororwe. Flux inonyungudika mumvura inofanira kugezwa nemvura yoomeswa isati yasvika magetsi, nekuti zvasara zvayo zvinokanganisa uye zvinofambisa mvura.

Ndingashandisa pombi dzemvura kana kuti acid flux pabhodhi redunhu here?

Kwete. Kuyerera kweasidhi/mapombi (kwakavakirwa pazinc-chloride) kunosiya tsvina inoparadza, inopinza mhepo inokuvadza nzira nezvikamu. Shandisa flux yakagadzirirwa zvemagetsi chete — rosin, isina kuchena, kana inonyungudika mumvura.

Ndeipi nzira yandinofanira kushandisa pakusonesa isina lead?

Kuyerera kwakayerwa kushandiswa kusina lead kana tembiricha yakakwira, iyo inowanzo shanda zvakanyanya kubata nzvimbo yakakwira yekunyunguduka. Mazhinji maflux asina kuchena uye rosin akagadzirwa kuti ashande ne lead uye lead-free solder - tarisa label.

Ko solder yeflux-core inoda kuwedzera flux here?

Kazhinji hazviwanzoitiki kuti pave nekushanda zviri nyore kuburikidza neburi uye kugadzira simbi, sezvo flux yacho yatove mukati mewaya. Pakugadzirisazve SMD, kugadzirisa majoini akasanganiswa, kana kushanda kweBGA, kuwedzera gel kana flux yemvura kunopa mhedzisiro iri nani.