Kunzwisisa Yakaderera Noise Amplifiers (LNAs) uye Yavo Impact paPCB Dhizaini

Munyika inomhanya-mhanya yehurongwa hwekutaurirana, kutendeseka kwechiratidzo kwakakosha. Kune vagadziri uye vagadziri vePCBs (Akadhindwa Circuit Boards), kuve nechokwadi chekuti masaini asina simba anokwidziridzwa zvakanaka pasina kuunza ruzha idambudziko rakakura. Apa ndipo panopinda Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs). LNAs zvinhu zvakakosha zvinosimudzira masaini asina kusimba uku achiunza kushoma kweruzha rwekuwedzera, zvichiita kuti dzisanyanya kukosha mukushanda kwepamusoro-soro senge nharembozha, satellite kutaurirana, GPS, nezvimwe.

Sezvo kudiwa kwedata rinokurumidzira uye kutaurirana kwakavimbika kuri kuramba kuchikura, kugadzira nekubatanidza maLNA mumaPCB kuri kutonyanya kukosha. Kunyangwe uri kushanda neLTE, 5G, kana kutaurirana kwesatellite, maLNA anovimbisa kuti michina yekupedzisira inogona kuchengetedza masaini emhando yepamusoro munzvimbo dzakaoma. Kune vagadziri vePCB vakaita seHighleap Electronics , kuve nechokwadi chekubatanidzwa kwakanyatsojeka kwezvikamu izvi kwakakosha kuchengetedza kujeka kwemasaini uye kuwedzera mashandiro ehurongwa hwese.

Kunzwisisa Yakaderera Noise Amplifiers: Makiyi Mafungiro ePCB Vagadziri

Low Noise Amplifiers inoshanda nekusimudzira simba rezvisina simba zvinopinda, kazhinji muredhiyo frequency (RF) renji, ine mupiro mushoma weruzha. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha muhurongwa hwekutaurirana uko kunyange hudiki hudiki hwekuvhiringidza hunogona kudzikisira mashandiro.

Mukugadzirwa kwePCB , kuiswa uye kurongeka kweLNAs zvinoda kungwarira kudzivirira kuunza ruzha musystem. Zvinhu zvakaita setrace impedance, power supply dracoupling, uye electromagnetic interference (EMI) zvinofanirwa kutarisirwa nekungwarira kuchengetedza kushanda kwepamusoro kweLNAs. Kana zvabatanidzwa zvakanaka muPCB, LNAs dzinobatsira kusimudzira kuvimbika uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemidziyo yekutaurirana, senge nharembozha, ma routers asina waya, uye masisitimu eGPS.

LTE3401L: Nyaya Yekudzidza yeLNA yeLTE Zvishandiso

Mumwe muenzaniso unozivikanwa mumunda weLow Noise Amplifiers ndeye LTE3401L, SiGe: C-based LNA ine yakasanganiswa bypass switch, yakagadzirirwa zvakanangana neLTE masisitimu ekutaurirana. Yakagadzirwa neNXP, iyo LTE3401L inopa yakanakisa mashandiro mumamiriro ezvinhu apo simba rechiratidzo harina simba, rinoshanduka, kana rinogona kukanganisa.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zveLTE3401L

• Low Noise Figure (NF): Inoderedza ruzha rwakawedzerwa, kuchengetedza yakajeka uye yakarurama kugamuchirwa kwechiratidzo.
• Bypass Switch: Inogonesa kuchinjika kuchinjika pakati peanoshanda amplification uye bypass modes, optimize zvese mashandiro uye kugona kwesimba.
• High Linearity: Inova nechokwadi chekuenderana kwechiratidzo chekusimudzira mune inoshanduka kana yakazara RF nharaunda.

Iyo LTE3401L yakanyatsokodzera kushandiswa mune nharembozha, mawireless modules, uye LTE yekutaurirana zvivakwa. Kana yakanyatsobatanidzwa muPCB dhizaini, inosimudzira kugamuchirwa kwechiratidzo, inoderedza kudonha, uye inotsigira yakagadzikana kufambisa data-kunyanya yakakosha munzvimbo dzakakwirira-density kana yakaderera-yekuvhara.

Mamwe maLNA anozivikanwa uye mashandisirwo awo

Pamusoro peLTE3401L, vamwe vagadziri vakati wandei vanopa yakakwira-inoshanda Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs), imwe neimwe yakarongedzwa kune chaiyo yekutaurirana maapplication. Pazasi pane mamwe anonyanya kufarirwa LNAs kubva kune anotungamira mhando uye akakosha maficha:

NXP Semiconductors

NXP mupi ane mukurumbira weLNAs, achipa mhinduro kune dzakasiyana siyana masisitimu ekutaurirana, kubva panharembozha kusvika kune setiraiti uye GPS application.

• GPS1502L
  Yakagadzirirwa GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, uye COMPASS masisitimu, iyo GPS1502L iSiGe: C LNA inokudza isina simba masaini setiraiti kuti ivandudzwe nzvimbo. Yayo yakaderera ruzha nhamba inoita kuti ive yakanakira kushandiswa mune chaiyo yekufambisa masisitimu uko kunzwisiswa kwakanyanya uye kushomeka kukanganiswa kwakakosha.
• BGS8U5
  Iyo BGS8U5 iLNA ine bypass switch yakagadziridzwa yeLTE uye 5G NR (Nyowani Radio). Ichi chishandiso chakavakirwa kubata yakakwirira-kumhanya kufambisa data neruzha rushoma, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune nharembozha yekutaurirana michina uye zviteshi zvepasi uko bandwidth uye chiratidzo chekuvimbika kwakakosha.

Analog Midziyo

Analog Devices inopa yakakura portfolio yeLNAs, kunyanya inokodzera RF uye isina waya yekutaurirana masisitimu.

• ADL5530
  Iyo ADL5530 ndeyepamusoro-inoshanda SiGe amplifier yakagadziridzwa kutaurirana setiraiti, radar yemauto, uye masisitimu ekutaurirana. Iyo inopa yakaderera ruzha uye yakakwirira mutsara, ichiita kuti ive yakanakira masisitimu uko kujeka kwechiratidzo kwakakosha.
• HMC581
  Iyo HMC581 ndeye yakakwira-inowana LNA yakagadzirirwa LTE, Wi-Fi, uye Bluetooth zvikumbiro. Nechimiro chayo cheruzha chakaderera uye mutsara wepamusoro, inosimudzira kushanda mune yakakwirira-kumhanya isina waya yekutaurirana michina, kuve nechokwadi chakasimba, masaini akavimbika kunyangwe munzvimbo dzakaomesesa kana dzakakwirira-dzinovhiringidza.

Texas Instruments

Texas Instruments inonyanya kuzivikanwa neLNAs inotsigira akasiyana siyana ekutaura isina waya uye radar application.

• LMV1031
  Iyo LMV1031 ndeye yakaderera-ruzha amplifier yakagadziridzwa yeGPS uye isina waya yekutaurirana maapplication. Iyo inopa yakaderera ruzha chimiro uye yakanakisa mutsara, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kumidziyo inoda kunzwisiswa kwepamusoro uye chaiyo chiratidzo chekusimudzira, senge inobatwa ruoko GPS inogamuchira.
• OPA857
  Iyo OPA857 ndeye yakaderera-ruzha, wideband amplifier yakagadzirirwa yakakwirira-frequency uye RF zvikumbiro, kusanganisira 5G, Wi-Fi, uye IoT zvishandiso. Iyo inopa yakaderera ruzha uye yakakwirira mutsara pamusoro pehupamhi frequency renji, ichiita kuti ive yakanakira Broadband application.

Qorvo

Qorvo's LNAs inowanzo shandiswa mune yepamusoro-inoshanda masisitimu ekutaurirana, kusanganisira 5G uye satellite network.

• TQL9020
  Iyo TQL9020 ndeye yakaderera-ruzha amplifier yakagadziridzwa ye5G uye Wi-Fi application. Inopa musanganiswa wepamusoro mutsara uye yakaderera ruzha nhamba, kuve nechokwadi chekufambisa kwechiratidzo chakajeka uye kugamuchira kunyangwe munzvimbo dzakaomarara dzechiratidzo.
• TGA2926-SM
  Iyo TGA2926-SM ndeyepamusoro-inoshanda LNA yakagadzirirwa 5G uye LTE zvikumbiro. Iyo inopa yakanakisa kuwana uye yakaderera ruzha, ichiita kuti ive yakanakira zviteshi zvepasi, maseru madiki, uye zvimwe zvikamu zvezvivakwa zvinoda zvinowirirana, zvemhando yepamusoro yekugamuchira chiratidzo.

Skyworks Solutions

Skyworks inozivikanwa nekugadzira LNAs inopa hunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye mashandiro emhando dzakasiyana siyana dzisina waya.

• SKY65027-360LF
  Iyo SKY65027-360LF ndeyepamusoro-mutsara LNA yakagadzirirwa Wi-Fi uye Bluetooth masisitimu. Iyo inopa yakaderera ruzha nhamba uye yakagadziridzwa kune yakakwirira-kumhanya isina waya kutaurirana, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune zvemagetsi zvevatengi uye zvimwe zvinotakurika zvisina waya.
• SKY65021-360LF
  Iyo SKY65021-360LF iLNA yakagadzirirwa LTE uye 5G NR zvikumbiro. Iyo inopa yakanakisa ruzha kuita uye yakakwira mutsara, ichiiita mhinduro yakavimbika yekuvandudza mhando yechiratidzo mune zvemazuva ano mafoni ekutaurirana masisitimu.

Imwe neimwe mhando inopa dzakasiyana siyana dzeLow Noise Amplifiers (LNAs), dzine mhinduro dzakanangana nezvinodiwa zvekutaurirana seLTE, 5G, GPS, uye Wi-Fi. Nekusarudza iyo LNA chaiyo yeimwe application, mainjiniya anogona kusimudzira mashandiro ehurongwa, kuderedza kuderedzwa kwechiratidzo, uye kuve nechokwadi chekutaurirana kwakavimbika munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Kusarudza iyo LNA chaiyo haingonatsiridza mhando yechiratidzo asi zvakare inova nechokwadi chekuti mudziyo unoshanda nemazvo uye nekukanganisa kushoma. Kunyangwe iri NXP, Analog Devices, Texas Instruments, Qorvo, kana Skyworks, mugadziri wega wega anopa magadzirirwo eLNA akasarudzika anoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemazuva ano masisitimu ekutaurirana.

PCB Dhizaini Mafungiro eLNAs

Kana uchibatanidza Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs) muPCB dhizaini yako, akati wandei akakosha anofanirwa kutariswa kuti agone kuita kwavo. LNAs zvinhu zvinonzwisa tsitsi zvinoda kunyatsobata panguva yePCB dhizaini dhizaini kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti dzinoita nemazvo uku ichideredza kuderedzwa kwechiratidzo. Pazasi pane zvinhu zvekutanga zvekufunga nezvazvo paunenge uchigadzira maPCB anosanganisira LNAs.

1. Power Supply Decoupling

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukubatanidza LNA muPCB dhizaini yako kuve nechokwadi chemagetsi akachena uye akagadzikana. MaLNA anotarisisa zvakanyanya kushanduka kwesimba, izvo zvinogona kuunza ruzha muchiratidzo. Kugadzirisa izvi, decoupling capacitors inofanirwa kuiswa padyo neiyo LNA's power pini. Aya ma capacitor anosefa kunze chero yakakwira-frequency ruzha kubva pamagetsi, kuve nechokwadi chekuti LNA inogamuchira yakachena voltage sosi. Izvi zvakanyanya kukosha pakugadzira maapplications epamusoro-frequency, uko ruzha runobva pamagetsi runogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kuita kweLNA.

2. Impedans Matching

Impedance yekufananidza pakati peLNA nePCB traces yakakosha kudzivirira zviratidzo zvinoratidzira, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuderera kwekuita. Iyo PCB inoteedzera inotakura chiratidzo kuenda kuLNA inofanirwa kunge iine impedance inofanana nekwakabva uye kurodha impedance. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira chero zviratidziro zvisingadiwe zvinogona kukanganisa chiratidzo chiri kukwidziridzwa. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti impedance inofananidzwa inonyanya kukosha muRF (redhiyo frequency) application, uko kutendeseka kwechiratidzo kwakakosha.

• Mitsetse yeMicrostrip kana mitsetse yakatsetseka inowanzo shandiswa mumhando yepamusoro-frequency dhizaini, uye hupamhi hwayo hunofanira kunyatsosarudzwa kuti huenderane neinoda impedance.
• Maturusi ekutevedzera anogona kubatsira kuona kwakaringana hupamhi hwekutevera uye nzira yekuwana inopindirana impedance.

3. Kuderedza Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)

MaLNA anonyanya kukanganiswa nekukanganiswa kwemagetsi (EMI), izvo zvinogona kuderedza kunaka kwemasaini uye kukanganisa mashandiro ese ehurongwa. Kuti uderedze EMI, zvakakosha kugadzira dhizaini yePCB nematanho akakodzera ekudzivirira uye ekudzivirira pasi. Nzvimbo yakasimba yepasi yakakosha pakuchengetedza kusimba kwechiratidzo uye kuderedza ruzha. Inopa nzira yakaderera yekudzivirira magetsi uye inoderedza mikana yekubatana kweEMI mudunhu reLNA.

• Kudzivirira iyo LNA kubva kunze kweEMI masosi uchishandisa kudira kwemhangura kana simbi kuvharirwa kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya chiratidzo-ku-ruzha reshiyo (SNR).
• Maitiro ekugadzirisa akakodzera, akadai sekubatanidza mapini epasi ezvikamu kune inoenderera pasi ndege, ive nechokwadi chekuti EMI inochengetedzwa.

4. Thermal Management

LNAs dzinowanzoshanda pamhepo huru, iyo inogona kuunza kupisa. Kupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kuderedza kushanda kwavo uye kutungamirira mukuderera kwekuita. Naizvozvo, kutonga kwekupisa chinhu chakakosha chePCB dhizaini kana ichibatanidza LNAs. Kuve nechokwadi chekupisa kupisa kwakakodzera kuchabatsira kuchengetedza kushanda kweamplifier uye hupenyu hurefu.

• Thermal vias uye kupisa sinks zvinogona kushandiswa kunanga kupisa kure kubva LNA.
• Thermal pads uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekupisa kupisa zvinogona zvakare kuiswa mune-high-simba maapplication kuve nechokwadi chekudzora tembiricha.

5. PCB Layout Best Practices

Kupfuura izvo zvakakosha dhizaini zvinhu zvataurwa pamusoro apa, akati wandei maitiro akanakisa maitiro anogona kubatsira kuona kuti LNA inoita nepainogoneka:

• Short Signal Traces: Kuderedza kureba kwechiratidzo chechiratidzo kunoderedza parasitic inductance uye capacitance, iyo inogona kukanganisa chiratidzo.
• Kushandiswa kweGround Planes: Ndege yakasimba, inoenderera mberi inobatsira kuchengetedza yakaderera impedance nzira, yakakosha kune yakakwirira-frequency magadzirirwo uye kuderedza ruzha.
• Strategic Via Placement: Vias inofanira kuderedzwa mu-high-frequency signal paths kuderedza kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uye parasitic madhara. Kana vias zvichishandiswa, dzinofanirwa kuiswa nekuchenjerera kuti dzidzivise kusakosha kwechiratidzo.

Nekunyatso tarisa zvinhu izvi muPCB dhizaini yako, unoita shuwa kuti LNA inoshanda nemazvo, ichipa kuita kwakanakisa kwepamusoro-frequency kutaurirana masisitimu.

mhedziso

Low Noise Amplifiers akakosha mumasisitimu emazuva ano ekutaurirana, achibvumira kukwidziridzwa kwemasaini asina simba ane ruzha rushoma. Kubva paLTE uye 5G network kuenda kuGPS uye setiraiti masisitimu, LNAs dziri pamwoyo wekunatsiridza mhando yechiratidzo uye kuve nechokwadi chekutaurirana kwakavimbika. Iyo LTE3401L, ine yakaderera ruzha nhamba uye bypass switch, muenzaniso wakanaka kwazvo wekuti LNAs dzinogona kubatanidzwa sei muPCB dhizaini kuvandudza mashandiro uye kugona muLTE maapplication.

Kune vagadziri vePCB nevagadziri, kusarudza iyo LNA chaiyo ndiyo kiyi yekuwana iyo inodiwa kuita muhurongwa hwekutaurirana. PaHighleap Electronics, tinonzwisisa kukosha kwekubatanidza zvinhu zvinonyanya kushanda seLNAs mumagadzirirwo ako. Chikwata chedu chiri pano kukubatsira iwe nePCB kugadzira uye PCB gungano rinosangana nemhando yepamusoro yemhando uye kuvimbika.

Kana muchida kubatanidza maLNA akadai seLTE3401L mumagadzirirwo enyu kana kuti muchida rubatsiro nePCB assembly , musazeza kutibata. Tinopa datasheets dzakadzama uye rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi kuti mapurojekiti enyu abudirire.