Misoro yePin yePCB: Gwaro reSarudzo neKuisa

Musoro wePCB, kana kuti musoro wepin, mutsara (kana mitsara) wemapini anofambisa mhepo papitch yakatarwa, akasungirirwa pabhodhi kuti ape nzvimbo dzekubatanidza, nzvimbo dzejumper, kana nzira yekubatanidza mabhodhi pamwe chete. Anotaridzika kunge asina basa, asi musoro iconnector, uye kusarudza mhando isiriyo yemurume, pitch, orientation, kana mounting style isiriyo ndiyo inowanzo shandiswa nemabhodhi asingazobatane, asingakundike, kana kuti asingagone kuunganidzwa zvakanaka. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura kuti PCB header chii , specifications dzinotsanangura imwe, musiyano uripo pakati pemhando dze through-hole ne surface-mount, uye maitiro ekuaisa nekuabatanidza zvakavimbika.

Chii chinonzi Pin Header uye kwainoshandiswa

Musoro wepini unopa kubatana kwemagetsi kuri nyore uye kunodzokororwa pamutsara wemapini akakamurwa pamutsetse wakajairika. Kudzivirira kwepurasitiki kunobata mapini panzvimbo uye kunoisa nzvimbo pakati pemapini, uye mapini anosungirirwa mubhodhi. Mapini anowanikwa kwese kwese:

• Kubatana pakati pebhodhi nebhodhi, ichibatanidza musoro pabhodhi rimwe nesoketi pane rimwe.
• Bhodhi-kune-waya zvinongedzo, apo tambo ine housing inoenderana inobatanidzirwa pamusoro wemusoro.
• Majumpers uye magadzirirwo, apo shunt inobatanidza mapini maviri kuti igadzire sarudzo.
• Kuronga uye kugadzirisa mapombi, sema headers anoshandiswa kupenya microcontroller.
• Zvinobatanidza zvekuwedzera, semisoro yekuisa zvinhu pabhodhi rekugadzira rakakurumbira.

Nekuti musoro wenyaya inobatanidza mating interface, sarudzo inoenderana nezvainobatanidza. Sarudza izvozvo kutanga, wozotevera zviri pazasi.

Magadzirirwo Anotsanangura Musoro

Musoro wenyaya unotsanangurwa zvizere nematanho mashoma. Kuagadzirisa ese zvakanaka ndiko kunoita kuti zvikamu zviviri zvibatane uye zvirambe zvakavimbika.

Tsika inobatsira ndeyekusarudza musoro wenyaya neumwe wayo pamwe chete, uchisimbisa kuti pitch, pin count, bonde, uye contact arrangement inoenderana. Kukundikana kukuru kwekubatana kunobva mukusanganisa zvikamu zvisina kumbobvira zvafanirwa kukwana.

Chiyero Chazvino: Misoro yeSignal vs Power

Haasi ese maheader ane mutoro wakafanana. Rimwe rinoshandiswa chete pakutumira masaini rine zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvikuru nerimwe rinopa simba, uye chiyero chazvino ndicho chinoaparadzanisa.

Chii chinoisa chiyero chazvino

• Saizi yekubata uye chikamu chepini.
• Kuisa jira, izvo zvinokanganisa kuramba kwekubatana uye kupisa.
• Kuti mapini mangani ari pedyo anoiswa panguva imwe chete, zvinoda kuti vanhu vasazvide.
• Kukwira kwekupisa kunogona kushivirirwa nedhizaini.

Pamasaini, musoro we2.54 mm wakajairika wakanaka. Pamagetsi, tarisa chiyero chemagetsi chemugadziri papini, tarisa mapini akaremerwa ari pedyo netembiricha, uye fambisa mapini akati wandei kana fambisa kune chinongedzo chemagetsi chakatsaurirwa pamafuremu akakwira. Kuendesa matrace emagetsi kubva kuheader yemagetsi kuenda nekubva kuheader yemagetsi chikamu chekubata magetsi ebhodhi kunosimbiswa panguva yePCB assembly , uye kunobatanidzwa musarudzo dzakakura dzekupisa uye magetsi ari shure kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi.

Pitch: Nei 2.54 mm iri Standard

Pitch ndiyo nzvimbo iri pakati nepakati pemapini, uye ndicho chinhu chekutanga chaunofanira kuita nekuti musoro newayo zvinofanira kuigovana zvakanaka.

Manzwiro akajairika

• 2.54 mm (0.1 inches) ndiyo standard yekare, ANSI/JEDEC-aligned. Zviri nyore kuitengesa nemaoko, yakasimba, uye inoenderana netambo dzakasiyana-siyana, masoketi, uye prototyping hardware, izvo zvinoita kuti ive iyo inowanzo shandiswa pabasa rakawanda.
• 2.00 mm inochekerera saizi uku ichiramba iri nyore kubata.
• 1.27 mm huwandu hwenzvimbo hunowedzera kaviri uye hunowanzoitika kana nzvimbo iri shoma.
• 1.00 mm uye mapitch akapfava anotakura kubatana kwakawanda munzvimbo diki asi zvakaoma kuunganidza nekubata.

Sarudza bhora rakakura rinoenderana nebhajeti yako. Bhodhi rakanaka rinoita kuti pave nehuremu hwakawanda nekuda kwekusimba kwemuchina, kuoma kwekubatanidza, uye dzimwe nguva kuwanikwa kwezvikamu zvinoenderana.

Misoro yeThrough-Hole vs Surface-Mount

Kuti musoro unonamira sei pabhodhi chisarudzo chemuumbirwo pamwe chete nechamagetsi.

Kune chinongedzo chinobatidzwa uye chinobviswa plug nguva nenguva, kana chinotora mutoro wemakanika, through-hole ndiyo sarudzo yakachengeteka nekuti mapini anobatidzwa nebhodhi. Maheaders anoisa pamusoro anochengetedza bhodhi rimwe chete uye anosunungura nzira yekupinda mukati, asi kune chero chinhu chinodzokororwa kana mutoro wepadivi, wedzera chinobatidzwa chemakanika, senge peg inobatidzwa kana tab yekubata, kuitira kuti kushushikana kusadonhe pazvisungo zvesolder chete. Chero nzira, kusungirwa kunoitika panguva yekubatanidza PCB, uye maitiro ekuisa anosarudza kuti ndeipi nzira inoshandiswa.

Misoro Yakafukidzwa, Yakagadzirwa Nemakiyi, uye Yakapatsanurwa

Musoro wemusoro wakajeka haudziviriri kubva pakuvharwa nenzira isiriyo. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinowedzera dziviriro iyoyo.

• Mabhokisi ane misoro yakafukidzwa Kochekera mapini nemadziro epurasitiki, uchiadzivirira uye uchitungamira chinobatanidza mating.
• Misoro ine makiyi Wedzera nzvimbo kana kuti notch kuitira kuti imwe yacho ikwane nenzira imwe chete, zvichidzivirira kubatana kwakadzoserwa shure.
• Marongerwo ePolarized shandisa pini yakavharika kana chinhu chisina kuenzana kuti usimbise kurongeka.

Kune chero kubatana uko kudzosera plug kumashure kwaizokanganisa bhodhi, chiteshi chekuronga mapurogiramu, power input, tambo yeribhoni, sarudza musoro wakavharirwa uye une makiyi. Mutengo mudiki wekuwedzera wakachipa zvikuru pane kutadza kushanda kwemunda kunokonzerwa nekubatanidza kumashure.

Kuunganidza Bhodhi neBhodhi

Misoro inzira yakajairika yekubatanidza mapuranga, kubatanidza musoro wechirume pabhodhi rimwe nesoketi yechikadzi pane rimwe kuti pave nekubatana kwakabatana, kunopatsanurwa. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinosanganisira kukwirira kwemudungwe (kwakarongwa nemusoro nesoketi), kurongeka, uye rutsigiro rwemakanika.

Mabhodhi akarongwa anoisa zvinhu zvinokotama uye zvinodedera pazvinobatanidza, saka rutsigiro rwemakanika, standoffs kana furemu, zvinobvisa kusvuta pamapini. Kana stack ikareba, isina kusimba, kana kuti ichigara ichifambiswa, flexible interconnect dzimwe nguva ndiyo mhinduro iri nani: kuvaka kwakasimba kunogona kutsiva zvibatanidza zvebhodhi nebhodhi nechikamu chakasanganiswa chinochinjika, zvichibvisa mating interface inogona kusunungura kana kuneta. Kungave kushandisa stacking headers kana integrated flex link kutengeserana pakati pe modularity nekuvimbika.

Kugadzira Nhanho neMichina

Musoro unoshanda chete kana tsoka yawo ichienzaniswa nechikamu chacho uye bhodhi richigona kutakura mutoro.

Kugadzirisa mamiriro enzvimbo nemazvo

Shandisa nzira inokurudzirwa nemugadziri. Pama headers ane maburi, dhayamita yeburi inofanira kukodzera saizi yepini nepaburi rakakodzera, kwete yakasimba zvekuti pini haizogadzike kana kuti yakasununguka saka pfundo harina kusimba, uye rin'i ye annular inofanira kukwana. Pama headers ane pamusoro penzvimbo, saizi ye pad nechivanze zvinofanira kuenderana nechikamu uye kusiya nzvimbo yekuisa nekuongorora. Hukuru hweburi kana pad husina kunaka ndicho chikonzero chinowanzoitika chekuti ma headers asakwane kana kusonera zvakanaka, uye ndiyo mhando yezvikanganiso iyo DFM review inobata isati yagadzirwa.

Mechanical kusimba

Maheader anoshandisa simba rekubata, saka aise panzvimbo yakatsigirwa bhodhi, achengetedze kure nenzvimbo dzinochinjika, uye wedzera maburi ekukwirisa kana nzvimbo dzekumira pedyo nezvinobatanidza zvinotakura mutoro. Kana paine mapini akawanda kana kushandiswa zvakanyanya, maburi ekuputira akapetwa anopa chisungo chakasimba chemakanika, icho chiri chimwe chezvikonzero nei maheader ekuputira achiramba achizivikanwa kune vanobatanidza. Hunhu hwemaburi neplating pachahwo hunoenderana nemhando yekugadzira PCB , saka maitiro ekugadzira nesarudzo yemusoro zvinoshanda pamwe chete.

Zvinyorwa zveKusunga uye zveKuungana

Maitiro ekugadzika anotsanangura kuti musoro wemba unosungirirwa sei, uye pane zvimwe zvinobatsira zvinoita kuti majoini arambe akavimbika.

• Misoro yepakati pemaburi Zvinosungirirwa nekushandisa mafungu, kusarudza, kana nemaoko, kazhinji mushure mekunge zvikamu zvepamusoro zvadzorerwa mvura. Mapini anonamira nebhodhi, zvichiita kuti majoini akasimba akwane pakusangana kakawanda.
• Misoro yekuisa pamusoro zvinodzoserwa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvese zveSMT assembly. Nekuti jointi iri pamusoro chete, anchor yemuchina inokosha kune chero musoro unozoona kushushikana.
• Mabhodhi akasanganiswa Nezvikamu zveSMT nezviri mukati megomba zvinotanga zvaita basa rekugadzika pamusoro pegomba, wobva wawedzera misoro yemukati megomba, kuyerera kwakajairika kwehybrid.

Kuudza muunganidzi wako kuti ndeapi maheaders ari pakati nepakati uye ndeapi ari pamusoro pevhu kunoita kuti varonge maitiro akakodzera, izvo zvinonyanya kukosha pahuwandu. Chitoro chinopa muunganidzi wePCB wepamusoro une zvese zviri zviviri reflow uye selective kana wave soldering chinogona kugadzira bhodhi rakasanganiswa rakachena uye rinodzokororwa.

Sarudza musoro wenyaya uchishandisa maparamita awo akazara, uuenzanise newayo, uupe gwara rakakodzera uye rutsigiro rwemakanika, uye sarudza maitiro ekusonesa anokodzera. Kuita izvi kunoshandura chikamu chidiki kuita kubatana kwaunogona kuvimba nako. Unogona kuverenga zvakawanda nezveHighleap Electronics uye maitiro atinoita musangano wakasanganiswa wekupinda nepaburi uye wekuisa pamusoro.

Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa

Ndeipi pitch inonyanya kushandiswa pa pin header?

2.54 mm (0.1 inch) ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Zviri nyore kuibatanidza nemaoko uye ine tambo dzakasiyana-siyana, masoketi, uye michina yeprototyping. Mapitch akanaka akadai se2.00, 1.27, uye 1.00 mm anochengetedza nzvimbo asi akaoma kubata.

Ndinofanira kushandisa through-hole kana surface-mount headers here?

Shandisa gomba rinopinda nepakati pema connectors anowanzo batanidzwa kana kutora mutoro wemakanika, nekuti mapini anonamira nepakati pebhodhi kuti asimbise. Ma headers anoiswa pamusoro anochengetedza nzvimbo uye anochengetedza bhodhi richishanda rimwe chete, asi wedzera anchor yemakanika kana musoro ukaona kushushikana.

Ndingamisa sei chinobatanidza kuti chisabatanidzwe kumashure?

Shandisa musoro wakaputirwa uye une makiyi. Chifukidziro ichi chinodzivirira uye chinotungamira mapini, uye kiyi (slot kana notch) inoita kuti mate ikwane nenzira imwe chete. Izvi zvinokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kune magetsi anopinda, ma programming ports, uye tambo dzeribhoni.

Chinoiswa musoro wepaburi chinofanirwa kushandiswa nehukuru hwakaita sei?

Tevedzerai mapatani evhu anokurudzirwa nemugadziri. Buri rinofanira kukodzera dhayamita yepini uye nzvimbo yaro yakakodzera, nerin'i ye annular yakakwana, isina kusimba zvakanyanya kuti igadzike kana kusunungura zvakanyanya kuti isabate jira rakasimba. Ongororo yeDFM isati yagadzirwa inosimbisa kuti maburi acho akanaka.

Ndingaisa mabhodhi maviri ane misoro here?

Ehe. Batanidza musoro wechirume pane rimwe bhodhi rine soketi yechikadzi kune rimwe, woisa kukwirira kwemutanda negeometry yakasarudzwa. Tsigira mutanda nemakanika ne standoffs kana furemu kuitira kuti kudedera nekukotama zvisaise mapini. Panyaya dzinoda simba, rigid-flex link inogona kutsiva connectors.

MaSMD nema through-hole headers anotengeswa nenzira imwechete here?

Kwete. Maheader epamusoro anodzoserwa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvikamu zveSMT, nepo maheader epakati pemaburi anoshandiswa nemafungu, kusarudza, kana kusungirirwa nemaoko, kazhinji mushure mekudzoserwa. Pabhodhi rakasanganiswa maitiro eSMT anotanga, uye maheader epakati pemaburi anowedzerwa.

Muchina we pin header unogona kutakura simba remagetsi rakawanda sei?

Zvinoenderana nehukuru hwekubatana, plating, kuti mapini mangani ari pedyo akaiswa, uye kukwira kwekupisa kunobvumirwa, saka tarisa chiyero chemugadziri papini imwe neimwe wobva waongorora mamiriro chaiwo. Maheader akajairwa e2.54 mm akanaka kune masaini; pamagetsi, fambisa mapini akati wandei kana shandisa chinongedzo chemagetsi chakatsaurirwa, uye saizi yezviratidzo zvemagetsi zvinoenderana panguva yekugadzira PCB.