Dhizaini yePCB Test Fixture: Bed-of-Nails, Flying Probe, uye DFT

Chishandiso chePCB chekuyedza ndicho chinhu chinobata bhodhi rakaungana uye chinodzvanya mapurobe ane spring-loaded panzvimbo dzaro dzekuyedza kuitira kuti muyedzi agone kutarisa bhodhi otomatiki. Ndicho chinoita kuti kuyedza kugadzirwa nekukurumidza uye kudzokororwe kuitike - asi chigadzirwa chinoshanda chete kana bhodhi rakagadzirwa nepfungwa yekupinda mukuyedza. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura kuti chigadzirwa chekuyedza chii, kuti nzira dzekuyedza dzinosiyana sei uye nzira dzekubhururuka-probe, magadzirirwo ebhodhi kuti rikwanise kuyedzwa, uye kuti Highleap Electronics inovaka sei uye inoedza mabhodhi nehurongwa hwakakodzera hwechishandiso.

1. Chii chinonzi PCB test fixture?

Chishandiso chePCB chekuyedza ijig yakagadzirwa nemaoko inochengeta bhodhi rakaungana zvakanaka uye inodzvanya mapini akawanda e "pogo" ane spring-loaded pama test pads ayo, ichibatanidza bhodhi nemidziyo yekuyedza kuti iotomatiki. Ndiyo mechanical interface pakati pebhodhi rako chairo ne tester, uye ndiyo inoita kuti mutsetse uongorore mazana emabhodhi akafanana nekukurumidza uye nguva dzose.

Chimiro chinowanzo shandiswa ndechebhedha rembambo, apo makumi kana mazana emapini epogo anoenderana nematanho ekuyedza kuitira kuti muyedzi wemukati medunhu agone kuyera zvikamu zvega zvega, kana muyedzi anoshanda anogona kushandisa bhodhi rese. Nekuti chigadzirwa chega chega chakagadzirwa nemashini uye chakabatana newaya yepuranga rimwe chete, chinotakura mari yekutanga - ndosaka sarudzo pakati pechigadzirwa chakatsaurirwa uye nzira isina chigadzirwa (yakafukidzwa inotevera) inonyanya kudhura nekuda kwehuwandu.

2. Bed-of-nails vs flying probe: ndeipi bvunzo inokodzera vhoriyamu yako?

Shandisa chinhu chinogadzirwa nembambo kana uchida kuona huwandu hwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa apo kumhanya kwacho kunoderedza mutengo wezvinhu zvakagadzirwa, uye bvunzo yekubhururuka-yekutsvagisa yezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye huwandu hushoma apo kudzivirira mutengo wezvinhu zvakagadzirwa kunokosha kupfuura kumhanya. Nzira mbiri idzi dzinochinjana mutengo wekutanga nenguva yekuedza pabhodhi:

Chishandiso chembambo hachigone kukundwa kana wava kugadzira mapuranga akakwana kuti chiwedzere kunaka, nepo bvunzo yekuongorora mafambiro emhepo isingade chinhu uye yakakodzera pakutanga, kana dhizaini yacho ichiri kuchinja uye huwandu hwayo hushoma. Zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvinotanga nekuongorora mafambiro emhepo kuti zviite prototypes uye zvinozopedzisira zvaita chinhu chekugadzira. Kunze kwekutarisa mukati medunhu, zvese zvinogona kusanganiswa nekuyedza kushanda kunoita kuti bhodhi rishande nenzira iyo chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chichaita.

3. Maitiro ekugadzira bhodhi rekushandisa pakuedza (DFT)

Dhizaini yekuyedzwa nekuisa ma test pads anowanikwa nyore nyore pane imwe neti yaunoda kuvhura, uchiachengeta kudivi rimwe chete, uchiaisa saizi uye uchiaparadzanisa nemapini epogo, uye uchidzivirira mapedhi pasi pezvikamu zvirefu. Chinhu chinogona kungoongorora zviri kuratidzwa nehurongwa hwacho, saka kupinda mu test chisarudzo chekugadzira chinoitwa bhodhi risati raoma — kuriwedzera mushure mezvo kunodhura kana kuti hazvigoneke. Zvakakosha:

• Ipai mapedhi ekuyedza. Mambure ese anofanirwa kusvika pabvunzo anoda padhi rakatsaurirwa, rinosvikika nyore nyore rine saizi yakakwana uye nzvimbo yakajeka yekuyera.
• Chengeta mukana wekuongorora uri kudivi rimwe chete. Nzvimbo yekuvhenekesa ine divi rimwe chete inoita kuti chinhu chive nyore, chakachipa, uye chakavimbika kupfuura nzira yekuvhenekesa ine mativi maviri.
• Remekedza miganhu uye miganhu yekusapinda. Mapini epogo anoda nzvimbo shoma uye nzvimbo isina chinhu, uye zvikamu zvirefu hazvifanirwe kuvhara nzvimbo yeprobe.
• Rongai ma "functional test hooks". Zvinobatanidza, maheader, kana mapedhi anoita kuti tester ishande zvakanaka ifambe uye ione bhodhi chikamu chehurongwa hwekupinda humwechete.

Iyi dzidziso ndiyo pfungwa huru yekugadzira bvunzo , uye ndiyo chaiyo chinhu chinoonekwa neongororo isati yagadzirwa - bhodhi risina mukana wekuwana ongororo idambudziko rakachipa kugadzirisa muCAD pane mushure mekunge mutambo wataurwa.

4. Mari yemutambo wekuyedza: mutambo unobhadhara riini?

Chishandiso chekuedza chakatsaurirwa chinobhadhara kana huwandu hwekugadzira kwako hwakakwira zvekuti nguva yekuyedza yechinhu ichi inochengetedza mari yakawanda kupfuura mutengo wayo wekugadzira pakutanga - kazhinji pahuwandu hwepakati kusvika hwepamusoro, nepo huwandu hwakaderera huchidhura kana husina michina. Hupfumi hunobva pakutengeserana kuri nyore: chigadzirwa chine mutengo chaiwo wekutanga asi chinoedza bhodhi rega rega mumasekonzi, nepo flying probe isina mutengo wekugadzira asi inotora maminitsi pabhodhi rega rega.

Kune prototype yemabhodhi gumi, kuvaka chigadzirwa chemagetsi hachiwanzove nemusoro; flying probe haidi mari zvachose. Kune zviuru zvemabhodhi, kumhanya kwechinhu chemagetsi pabhodhi rimwe nerimwe kunokurumidza kupfuura mutengo wekuvaka uye kunova sarudzo yakachipa zvakanyanya. Kuchinjana kunoenderana nebhodhi rako chairo nehuwandu, ndosaka nzira yekuedza ichisarudzwa zvakanaka pamwe chete nemugadziri wako sechikamu chekuronga - nenzira imwecheteyo yekugadzira zvinhu zvishoma uye kugadzira zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoda nzira dzakasiyana dzekuedza. Kusarudza nzira isiriyo kunotambisa mari pachinhu chisingadiwe kana kuti kunodzivisa mutsetse wehuwandu hwakawanda pakuedza zvishoma nezvishoma.

5. Mukati mechinhu chinoiswa nzara: mapini epogo, maplate, uye maprobes

Chigadziko chembambo chakavakwa nezvinhu zvitatu zvikuru: mapini epogo ane spring-loaded anobata ma test pads, plate yeprobe yakaboorwa inobata pini yega yega yakabatana zvakanaka nechinangwa chayo, uye nzira inodzvanya bhodhi pasi pamapini. Kunzwisisa izvi kunotsanangura kuti sei chigadzirwa chakanyatsorongeka uye kuti nei chichidhura mari yachinoshandisa - pini yega yega inoiswa pabhodhi rimwe chete.

Mapini epogo ndiwo moyo wayo. Imwe neimwe ipurobhu diki ine chitubu inodzvanya zvishoma kana bhodhi rakadzvanywa pasi, ichivimbisa kubatana kwakasimba, nguva dzose pasina kukuvadza padhi, uye inouya nematanho akasiyana - korona dzakapinza dzekubaya chero oxide kana flux residue, mativi akati sandara emapedhi egoridhe - akasarudzwa kuti akwane bhodhi. Mapini anogara mundiro yakaboorwa zvakanaka saka imwe neimwe inowira mukati me chidimbu che milimita kubva pane chinangwa chayo, ndosaka mapedhi ekuedza achida saizi yakakwana uye nzvimbo; mapedhi madiki zvakanyanya kana kuti ari pedyo zvakanyanya anoita chinhu chisina kusimba, chisingavimbike. Bhodhi rinobatwa ne vacuum kana mechanical press saka mapini ese anosangana panguva imwe chete, uye chinhu chinodzosera ma contacts iwayo kune in-circuit tester . Nekuti nzvimbo yese yepini yakagadzirirwa kurongeka kumwe chete, chinhu chinogadzirwa nebhodhi rimwe chete - chikonzero nei mutengo wayo uchideredzwa kupfuura vhoriyamu uye nei mavhoriyamu akaderera achifarira nzira yekubhururuka isina fixture-probe panzvimbo pezvo.

6. Maitiro eHighleap Fixtures uye bvunzo dzemabhodhi ako

Highleap inobatanidza nzira yekuyedza nehukuru hwema "volume" ako nebhodhi rako — flying protectors ye "prototypes" uye "low run", "bed-of-nails fixtures" uye "functional test" yekugadzira — uye inoongorora dhizaini yako kuti uwane mukana wekuyedza usati wagadzirwa. Kuburikidza ne "functional testing" uye "in-circuit test", mabhodhi anosimbiswa zvichienderana ne "coverage" yaunosarudza, ingave "open" ne "shorts", "component values", kana "full functional behavior".

Nekuti chinhu chinobatika chinongofanana nechinhu chakagadzirwa mubhodhi, izvi zvinotanga nekuongorora kugona kwekugadzira uye kugona kuyedzwa panguva yekubatanidza turnkey , saka ma test pads asipo kana nzvimbo dzakavharika dzinobatwa dzisati dzava dambudziko rechinhu chinobatika. Paunokumbira mutengo, tiudze huwandu hwaunoda, zvikanganiso zvinofanira kubatwa nebvunzo, uye kana uchida in-circuit, functional, kana zvese zviri zviviri, saka chinhu chakanaka uye chirongwa chekuyedza zvinotariswa kubva pakutanga.

7. Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa nezvePCB bvunzo

Chii chinonzi pogo pin?

Pini yepogo ipurobe yekuyedza ine chitubu ine plunger inodzvanya kana yadzvanywa papedhi, ichipa kubata kwakasimba, kunodzokororwa pasina kukuvadza bhodhi. Rudzi rwayo rwakaboorwa runoumba "zvipikiri" zvechishandiso chembambo.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pechinhu cheICT nechishandiso chebvunzo chinoshanda?

Chishandiso cheICT chinoongorora mambure ega ega kuti chiyere zvikamu nekubatana, ukuwo chishandiso chekuedza chinoshanda chinobatanidza kune ma interface chaiwo ebhodhi — simba, zvinobatanidza, masaini — kuti chishande sechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Mitsetse yakawanda yekugadzira inoshandisa zvese zvakatevedzana.

Ma test pads anofanira kunge akakura sei pakushandisa?

Mapedhi ekuyedza anofanira kunge akakura zvakakwana uye akaparadzaniswa zvakakwana kuti pini yepogo igare zvakanaka - kazhinji mapedhi akatenderera, akavhurika kune rumwe rutivi ane nzvimbo yakareba. Mapedhi madiki zvakanyanya kana kuti akanyanya kusungirirwa anoita kuti chinhu chisashande zvakanaka, chisanyanya kukundikana.

Unogona here kuyedza PCB usina chinhu chakagadzirwa?

Ehe — bvunzo yekubhururuka inoshandisa mapurobe anofamba asingade chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa, uye kuongorora kweAOI neX-ray kusingabatanidzi pasina kubata bhodhi. Izvi zvinoenderana nemapurobeti uye vhoriyamu shoma; michina iyi inowana mari yakawanda pakugadzirwa kwayo.

Ndingagadzira here chigadzirwa changu chekuyedza nzara?

Zvinokwanisika pamapuranga ari nyore kushandisa ndiro yakaboorwa uye pogo-pin receptacles, asi kurongeka kwemapini kwakanyatsojeka, kunyoreswa kwemabhodhi kwakavimbika, uye waya dzakasimba zvakaoma kuwana nemaoko. Pakugadzira, chinhu chakagadzirwa nehunyanzvi ndicho chakavimbika zvikuru.

Mutambo wekuyedza unogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Chinhu chakagadzirwa zvakanaka chinogara kwezviuru zvenguva dzekuyedza, nepo mapini epogo ari chinhu chikuru chinopfekwa chinotsiviwa nguva nenguva. Nekuti chakabatana nepuratifomu imwe chete, hupenyu hwacho hunopera kana kugadziriswa kwechigadzirwa ichocho kuchichinja.