Kukwanisa KwePCB Trace Current: Upamhi, Huremu hweCopper, uye IPC-2221
Mufananidzo 1. Kugona kwePCB trace current kunoenderana nehuremu hwemhangura, upamhi trace, nzvimbo ye layer, uye kukwira kwetembiricha kunogamuchirika.
Chiratidzo chega chega chemhangura chinodziisa simba kana magetsi achifamba nepakati pacho. Chisarudzire zvakanaka uye bhodhi rinotonhora kwemakore; chisarudzire chipfupi uye chiratidzo chinopisa zvakanyanya, chinochembera laminate, uye chinogona kuvhurika sefuse. Gwaro iri rinopindura mibvunzo inotsvakwa nemainjiniya - kuti chiratidzo chinotakura maamp mangani, kuti mhangura ye1 oz iri mu millimeters, kuti inofanira kuchinjirwa riini kumhangura inorema - uye rinoratidza kuti Highleap Electronics inoshandura sei nhamba idzodzo kuita bhodhi rainogona kugadzira nekubatanidza zvakavimbika.
1. Chishandiso chemhangura chinogona kutakura maamps mangani?
Hapana simba guru remagetsi rinoonekwa pachinhu chimwe chete - muganho unobva pakuwedzera kwetembiricha kwaunogamuchira. Sekureva kwemuchidimbu, simba remagetsi re1 mm (anenge 40 mil) rakafara mumhangura ye1 oz pachikamu chekunze rinotakura anenge 2 A pakukwira kwe10°C, uye anenge 4 A pakukwira kwe30°C. Simba remagetsi rinopisa simba remagetsi zvichienderana nekudzivirira kwesimba remagetsi, uye simba remagetsi rinogara chero kwarinogona kudonhedza kupisa ikoko mumhangura, laminate, nemhepo yakapoteredza.
Zvinhu zvitatu zvinoisa simba rekudzivirira uye nekudaro kupisa. Nzvimbo ine mativi akasiyana - upamhi hunowedzera ukobvu hwemhangura - inotonga; inopetwa kaviri kana nehafu yesimba rekudzivirira. Kureba kunowedzera simba rekudzivirira uye kudonha kwemagetsi asi hazvichinji tembiricha yepamusoro. Uye simba rekudzivirira kwemhangura rinokwira ne0.4% pa °C, saka simba rekudzivirira rinopisa isimba rekudzivirira rakakwira zvishoma, rinodzokera kukupisa kwakawanda. Zvinhu zvitatu zvezvakatipoteredza zvinosarudza kuti kupisa kunobuda nyore sei: kunze kana mukati, tembiricha yemhepo iri mukati menzvimbo yakavharirwa, uye chero mhepo inoyerera kana kupisa. Kana uchangobva kuziva magadzirirwo ematambiro anoitwa uye anotsanangurwa, hwaro hwePCB trace design inzira inobatsira yekutanga usati wasarudza simba.
2. Kobvu hwemhangura ye 1 oz mu mm chii? (chati yehuremu hwemhangura)
Mhangura ye 1 oz ine ukobvu hwema microns makumi matatu nemashanu, inova 0.035 mm kana kuti inenge 1.37 mil. Ukobvu hwemhangura hunotaridzwa zvichienderana nehuremu pa square foot - tsika yekare inogumbura vatsva - saka shanduko dzakakodzera kuyeuka ndeidzi:
| Huremu hwemhangura | Micron | Mamiriyoni | Chaizvoizvo kushandiswa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.5 oz | ~17.5µm | ~ 0.0175 mm | Matanho emukati, mitsetse mitete |
| 1 oz | ~35µm | ~ 0.035 mm | Matanho ekunze akajairika |
| 2 oz | ~70µm | ~ 0.070 mm | Mabhodhi emagetsi |
| 3 oz | ~105µm | ~ 0.105 mm | Madhiraivha emota ane simba guru |
Nekuti kugona kwayo kunotevera nzvimbo ine zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, unotakura magetsi akawanda nekuwedzera nzira kana nekuraira mhangura yakakora. Pabhodhi rakakora, kuwedzera mhangura ye3 oz kunowanzova kwakachena pane kugadzira nzvimbo yenzira yakakura kwazvo, uye pakushanda nesimba guru PCB yakazara yemhangura inorema yakagadzirirwa basa racho.
3. Upamhi hwetrace vs chati yemazuva ano (1 oz & 2 oz mhangura)
Pa 1 oz mhangura iri pachikamu chekunze che 10°C inokwira zvakanaka, 1 A trace inoda 0.5 mm (20 mil) uye 3 A trace inoda 1.8 mm (70 mil). Chati yakazara iri pazasi ndiyo pokutangira yakavakirwa paIPC-2221, kwete kutsiva kuverenga uchienzanisa netembiricha yako; inner-layer traces inowanzoda hupamhi hwakapetwa kaviri.
| zvemazuvano | Upamhi - 1 oz, yekunze, 10°C inokwira | Upamhi kana hwakagadziridzwa kusvika 2 oz |
|---|---|---|
| 0.5 A | ~0.3 mm (12 mil) | ~0.15 mm (6 mil) |
| 1 A | ~0.5 mm (20 mil) | ~0.3 mm (12 mil) |
| 3 A | ~1.8 mm (70 mil) | ~0.9 mm (35 mil) |
| 5 A | ~3.3 mm (130 mil) | ~1.7 mm (66 mil) |
| 10 A | ~8 mm (315 mil) - shandisa pombi yekudurura | ~4 mm (157 mil) |
Upamhi hunokura nekukurumidza nemagetsi. Mushure memaamp mashoma, chiratidzo chimwe chete chinova chisingashande, uye mhinduro iri nani ndeye copper pour kana plane, zviratidzo zvakafanana pazvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasonwa nemavias, kana copper inorema - ndipo panoshandiswa tekinoroji yemagetsi inorema yecopper kuchengetedza masimbi emagetsi ane simba remagetsi achitonhorera.
4. Upamhi hwemukati nehwekunze: nei makwara emukati achifanira kuva akafara
Chiratidzo chemukati chinoda kupetwa kaviri upamhi hwechiratidzo chekunze kuti chikwanise kutakura magetsi akafanana, nekuti chakaiswa mulaminate uye hachigone kuburitsa kupisa mumhepo. IPC-2221 inoshandisa ma constant akasiyana pazviitiko zviviri izvi nekuda kwechikonzero ichi - chiratidzo chekunze chinotonhorera ne convection mumhepo, nepo chiratidzo chemukati chichidzivirirwa nekupisa uye chinochengeta kupisa kwakawanda pahupamhi hwakaenzana.
Mugumisiro unoshanda: upamhi hwawakasimbisa hwechikamu chekunze hunogona kupisa zvakanyanya kana mambure akafanana akaendeswa pane chikamu chemukati mubhodhi rine zvidimbu zvakawanda. Paunofambisa simba pakati pezvikamu, saizi yechikamu chemukati, uye shandisa ma-vias akawanda panguva imwe chete pakuchinja kwega kwega kuitira kuti kuchinja kwechikamu kusave dambudziko guru.
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Ngatiite ongororo yeDFM/DFA kwauri tobva tadzoka kwauri nemushumo. Unogona kurodha mafaira ako zvakachengeteka kuburikidza newebhusaiti yedu. Tinoda ruzivo runotevera kuti tikupe mutengo:
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- Gerber, ODB++, kana .pcb, spec.
- BOM rondedzero kana iwe uchida kusangana
- uwandu
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Kune masevhisi ePCBA, ndapota ipa BOM yako (Bhiri reZvinhu) uye chero mirairo yegungano. Isu tinopawo DFM/DFA ongororo yekukwidziridza zvigadziriso zvako zvekugadzira uye kusangana, kuve nechokwadi chekuita kwakatsetseka kwekugadzira.