Gwaro reKugadzira PCB nePin in Paste

Yakagadziridzwa kekupedzisira: Chivabvu 2026 · Gwaro remaitiro nekugadzira reflow yekuisa-mu-gomba mumabhodhi emhando dzakasiyana-siyana

Pin in Paste (PiP) — inonziwo paste-in-hole (PIH) , through-hole reflow , kana intrusive reflow — inzira yekusonesa zvikamu zvepaburi muovheni imwecheteyo inosonesa zvikamu zvinosungirirwa pamusoro. Panzvimbo pekushandisa wave-soldering yakasiyana kana hand-soldering operation yezvikamu zvishoma zvine leaded connectors neheaders pabhodhi, assembler inodhinda solder paste zvakananga mumaburi akaputirwa, inoisa component leads mupaste iyoyo, uye inodzoreredza zvese pamwe chete. Kana yaitwa nemazvo inobvisa danho rese rekuita kubva pabhodhi re mixed-technology, asi inoshanda chete kana maburi, stencil, uye zvikamu zvakagadzirirwa iyo. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura mashandiro, masvomhu epaste-volume, mitemo yekugadzira, uye kuti PiP inorova kupi — uye kuti inorasikirwa ne — wave uye selective soldering.

Chii chinonzi Pin muPaste (PiP) PCB Assembly?

Mabhodhi mazhinji nhasi anotongwa nemidziyo inosungirirwa pamusoro pechinhu, asi achiri nezvikamu zvishoma zveTHT — zvinobatanidza magetsi, maheader ebhodhi-ku-bhodhi, macapacitor makuru emagetsi, marelay, majack eRJ45, majack eDC barrel — zvinoda simba remuchina wegumbo kuburikidza nebhodhi. Kazhinji zvikamu izvozvo zvine lead zvinosungirirwa zvakasiyana: newave soldering, nemuchina wekusarudza-solder, kana nemaoko. Chimwe nechimwe chiitiko chechipiri chine setup yacho, mutengo, uye kupisa.

Pin in Paste inopeta nzira yechipiri iyoyo kudzokera kune yekutanga. Maburi akaputirwa anozadzwa ne solder paste panguva imwe chete yekudhinda stencil iyo inonamira maSMT pads, chikamu chine lead chinoiswa kuitira kuti mapini acho agare mukati memapini akazadzwa ne paste, uye kana bhodhi rapfuura nepakati peovheni inoyerera, paste iri mumaburi inonyunguduka pamwe chete ne paste iri pasi pezvikamu zvechip, ichipfuura nepakati pebhare kuti igadzire fillet chaiyo kumativi ese. Printa imwe, nzvimbo imwe, imwe inoyerera zvakare.

Sei Uchifanira Kushandisa Pin muPaste Pane Kusunga Mawave?

Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti pave nekubvisa danho. Pabhodhi rine 95% SMT rine maburi matatu kana mana anobatana, kusungirirwa kwemafungu kunomanikidza bhodhi rese kuti ripfuure nepaburi rakanyungudutswa kuti riite majoini gumi nemaviri - muchina wekuwedzera, pallet yekuvhara divi reSMT, kuwedzera flux nekuchenesa, uye kutenderera kwechipiri kwekupisa kwezvikamu zvakatotanga kuyerera kamwe chete.

Kusarudza PiP pane kudaro kunopa mabhenefiti akati wandei:

• Maitiro ekupisa kamwe chete. Bhodhi iri rinoona chimiro chimwe chete chekudzokororwa kwemvura panzvimbo pekudzokororwa kwemvura pamwe nemafungu, zvichideredza kushushikana kwekupisa pazvikamu zveSMT zvinonzwa kupisa uye zvichiita kuti kugadziriswa kusina lead kuve nyore.
• Nzvimbo yepasi yebasa uye yepasi. Hapana mafungu akasiyana kana muchina wekusarudza mumutsara, hapana nzvimbo yekusonesa nemaoko, vashandi vashoma vanobata bhodhi.
• Mapfundo akafanana, anoyerwa. Vhoriyamu yesolder inoiswa nestencil aperture, saka joint yega yega inowana huwandu hwepaste hunodzokororwa pane mhedzisiro inotsamira paruoko, pasina mafungu kana ma icecle pasi.

Chinhu chakanaka ndechekuti PiP hairegereri nezvehuwandu hwepaste uye kushivirira kupisa kwezvikamu. Kana zvinhu zviviri izvi zvisina kugadzirwa, majoini anofa nenzara kana kuti chinongedzo chinonyunguduka - ndizvo zviri kutaurwa mugwaro rino.

Maitiro ePin in Paste, Nhanho neNhanho

Mutsetse wePin in Paste wakajairika unoita sewakafanana nemutsetse weSMT wakajairika, uchiiswa muburi usati wadzokororwa pane kuti udzoke mushure. Danho idzva chete nderekuisa; danho rega rinoda hunyanzvi hwekugadzira ndiro kudhinda.

1. Dhinda remastencil — namati inodhindwa pamapedhi eSMT uye inomanikidzwa kupinda mumaburi akaputirwa kuburikidza nemaburi akakura (akadhindwa zvakanyanya) kana kuti ane masitepisi. Kudzora kiyi: dhizaini yeaperture uye ukobvu hwestencil, uko vhoriyamu ye naste inohwinwa kana kurasika.
2. Kuiswa kweSMT — muchina wekutora-uye-kuisa unozadza zvikamu zvese zvekuisa pamusoro sezvakajairika.
3. Kuiswa kweTHT — zvikamu zvine lead zvinoiswa kuitira kuti mapini azvo agare mumaburi akazadzwa nependi, nemaoko, nemuchina wekuisa, kana nechishandiso chekuisa. Kudzora kiyi: mapini anofanira kusvika padanda risina kusvinwa pamadziro ebhareni.
4. reflow — mubatanidzwa wese unopfuura nemuovheni; majoini eSMT nemaburi anobuda muchimiro chimwe chete. Kudzora kiyi: chimiro chinofanira kupisa zvizere zvikamu zvinopisa zvakanyanya pasina kubika zvikamu zveSMT.
5. kuonorora — AOI inotarisa majoini eSMT; maburi anoburitswa nepakati anotariswa nemaziso kana, kana maburi acho akakosha, neX-ray kuti maburi acho agadzire kumusoro/pasi uye kuti azadzwe nemaburi acho.

Dambudziko reSolder Paste Volume muPiP (uye Magadziriso)

Heino dambudziko guru. Bharero rine gomba rinobuda mugomba ibhoromu rakakura rinofanira kuzadzwa, nefillet yasara kumativi ese ebhodhi, asi stencil yakajairika inongodhinda jira rakatetepa rakati sandara (kazhinji 0.10–0.15 mm ukobvu). Cheka aperture yehukuru hwepedhi uye yakawanda yepedhi iyoyo inodonha yakananga pasi pebharero; kana flux yatsva pakuyererazve, hapana simbi yakakwana yasara yekuzadza gomba, uye jointi inobuda isina kudya isina fillet yepasi.

Vaunganidzi vanovhara mukaha iwoyo nematekiniki matatu makuru, anowanzo batanidzwa:

Kudhinda zvakanyanya

Kuvhura kwestencil kunogadzirwa kwakakura kupfuura annular pad saka paste yakawedzerwa inodhindwa mudenderedzwa rakatenderedza gomba; panguva yekubudazve kwependi, paste iyoyo inoyerera ichipinda mubhare. Maburi ekupfuura anogona kunge akaita sedenderedzwa, sikweya, kana kuti teardrop anorerekera kunama kugomba. Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa uye inodhura zvishoma nekuti inongochinja hunyanzvi hwestencil.

Stencil inokwidzwa kumusoro (inokwidzwa)

Chinyoreso chinogadzirwa munzvimbo yacho chakakora chakakomberedza maburi ePiP — semuenzaniso chinyoreso che 0.12 mm chakawedzerwa kusvika 0.20 mm ipapo chete — saka chinyorwa chega chega chinoisa paste yakawanda ukuwo nzvimbo dzeSMT dzakatetepa. Chinodhura zvakanyanya uye chinoda kuiswa kwakanyatsonaka kuitira kuti chinyoreso chirambe chakavhara, asi chinoburitsa mavhoriyamu akawanda pasina chiratidzo chikuru.

Solder preforms

Pamaburi ane huwandu hwakawanda (zvinobatanidza simba rinorema, mabara makuru), chidimbu chakagadzirwa nechimiro chakasimba - preform - chinowedzerwa pamusoro pepaste yakadhindwa isati yadzokororwa. Inonyungudutsa uye inowedzera paste, ichizadza mabara asina stencil yakakwana yaigona kuzadza.

Chero nzira ipi zvayo inoshandiswa, paste inofanirawo kusvika pabhareti, ndosaka mastencil akachekwa nelaser ane madziro akatsetseka uye akapfava zvakanaka achikosha paPiP: madziro akachena anosunungura gobvu pane kusiya hafu yacho yakanamatira pastencil.

Maitiro Ekuverenga Vhoriyamu yeSolder Paste yePin muPaste

PiP ndeimwe yemaitiro mashoma ekubatanidza apo unofanirwa kuverenga huwandu hwevhoriyamu pane kuvimba neyakajairwa. Pfungwa yacho iri nyore.

Kutanga, tsvaga huwandu hwekupedzisira hwesolder hunodiwa nejoint:

Chinodiwa chesolder = vhoriyamu yebhare + chidimbu chepamusoro + chidimbu chepazasi − vhoriyamu yelead mukati mebhare

Vhoriyamu yebharero iburi rakaputirwa rinoitwa sesirinda; bvisa chikamu chemutobvu chiri mukati maro, wobva wawedzera chikamu chidiki chezvimedu zvinofanira kuumbwa kumativi ese. Izvi zvinopa huwandu hwesolder yakasimba yaunoda kumagumo.

Chechipiri, shandura izvozvo kuita wet paste volume . Solder paste isimbi inonyungudutswa nehupfu hwesimbi iri mukuyerera, uye inenge hafu yayo chete nehukuru ndiyo simbi — yasara imhepo inoputika panguva yekuyererazve. Semutemo unoshanda, saka unoda kaviri vhoriyamu yekupedzisira yekunyungudutswa mu wet printed paste:

Vhoriyamu yekunamira yakanyorova ≈ 2 × inodiwa solder (chinhu chaicho chinoenderana nekuwanda kwesimbi yekunamira — tarisa pepa redata)

Chechitatu, gadzirai nzvimbo yekuvhura nestencil ukobvu kuitira kuti print imwe chete iise vhoriyamu ye wet-naste. Aperture volume inzvimbo yakavhurika inowedzerwa nestencil ukobvu, saka unochinjana saizi ye overprint nestencil ukobvu; kana aperture yakati sandara isingakwanise kusvika pane chinangwa isina kukura zvakanyanya, ndicho chiratidzo chekusimudza stencil kana kuwedzera preform. Chidzidzo chinoshanda: usamborega imba yestencil ichicheka ma apertures ePiP pa "pad size" - saizi kubva pakuverenga volume, ne simbi-to-flux ratio yakavakirwa mukati.

Mitemo Yekugadzira Namatidza: Maburi, Mativi, uye Kuchengetedza

PiP yakanaka inotanga nehurongwa, kwete pamutsetse. Mitemo mishoma inoita kuti maitiro acho agone kudhindwa uye majoini anzwike:

• Kubviswa kwegomba kubva kune rimwe gomba kuenda kune rimwe divi: dhayamita yegomba rakaputirwa ≈ dhayamita yelead + 0.20–0.25 mm yelead dzakatenderera (dzakawanda zvishoma kune sikweya/rectangular). Dzakamanikana zvakanyanya uye lead inokwenya pamadziro; yakasununguka zvakanyanya uye namati inodonha uye pfundo rinoshaya simba.
• Mhete/pedhi remuchina: Shandisa padhi rakakura repamusoro kuitira kuti overprint ive nenzvimbo yekugara, ichitsigira dhayi yakakura uye fillet yakasimba.
• Kuchengetedzwa kweSMT: Chengeta maSMT pads akapfava ari kure nerin'i ye overprint kuitira kuti paste yakadhindwa zvakanyanya isakwanise kusvetukira pad iri pedyo.
• Kusawirirana kwezvikamu: Siya mukana mudiki pasi pemuviri (kana taura chikamu chine mativi akamira) kuitira kuti paste igone kuburitsa mvura yoita chidimbu chepamusoro; chikamu chakati sandara chinoibata.
• Kubviswa kwenzvimbo pasi: Usachengete chinhu chisina kusimba kana chakareba pasi peburi rePiP riri kune rumwe rutivi - chikamu chepazasi chinoda nzvimbo uye nzvimbo yacho inowana kupisa kwakazara.
• Thermal balance: bvisa mapuraneti makuru emhangura akabatana nebhareri nemasipoki ekupisa, kana kuti bhareri rinoshanda sechinodziisa kupisa uye rinogona kusasvika pakupisa kunodzoka.

Idzi ndidzo mhando dzenyaya dzinoongororwa neDFM uye ongororo yemusangano (DFA) usati wabvisa maturusi, asi kuchinja kwacho kuri mahara pane kungodzokorora.

Ndezvipi Zvikamu Zvinogona Kutengeswa nePin muPaste?

Chinhu chikuru chinovhara gating kupisa. Chikamu ichi nemapurasitiki acho zvinofanira kugara kusvika pakureba kwemvura — kazhinji kacho panosvika 245–260 °C kune maSAC alloys asina lead. Mazhinji maconnector akajairwa asina kuenzana neizvozvo; mahome connectors avo anonyorovesa, anodonha, kana kunyunguduka. Vagadziri vanotengesa ma "compatible-flow-compatible" kana "high-temperature" e common connectors akagadzirirwa PiP, uye iwayo ndiwo anofanirwa kutaurwa.

Zvishandiso zvakanaka zvinosanganisira zvikamu zvakaongororwa kuti zvinofambiswa nemvura zvine huremu hushoma uye mapini akapatsanurwa zvakanaka: mapin headers, mabox headers, uye board-to-board connectors zvinotengeswa mumhando dzinoenderana ne reflow, through-hole RJ45 uye USB jacks dzakaongororwa kuti dzinofambiswa nemvura, uye mapower connectors madiki uye terminal blocks akaongororwa kuti ashandiswe muovheni.

Zvinhu zvisina kunaka — zvinobatwa zviri nani nekushandisa mafungu, kusarudza, kana kushandisa maoko — zvinosanganisira zvinobatanidza nemapurasitiki zvisina kutariswa kuti zvinodziya zvakare, zvikamu zvakakura kwazvo zvine simba guru rekupisa (matransformer makuru, mabhazi anorema) asingasvike pakupisa kwakajairika, zvikamu zvinogara zvakati sandara zvisina nzira yekubuda nayo mvura, mabharu makuru kwazvo ayo anototanga kuomerwa nekuzadza kakawanda, uye chero chinhu chinowedzerwa mushure mekudziya zvakare nekuda kwezvikonzero zvemakanika kana bvunzo.

Kana bhodhi rikashandisa zvibatanidza zviviri zvine hushamwari nePiP nechikamu chimwe chisingakwanise kudzokororwa, mhinduro inowanzo kuve yePiP zvaunogona uye kusarudza nzira yacho, pane kumanikidza zvese kuburikidza nenzira imwe chete.

Pin in Paste vs Wave vs Selective Soldering

PiP haisi chishandiso chakakodzera nguva dzose. Inokwikwidzana newave soldering uye selective soldering, uye sarudzo yakanakisisa inoenderana nekuti zvikamu zvingani zviri mukati megomba uye kana zvichigona kutora reflow heat.

Mutemo wekusarudza unobatsira: kana zvikamu zveburi remvura zvakaongororwa kuti zviri mugomba remvura uye zvishoma, PiP inowanzo kuve yakachipa uye yakachena. Kana paine zvikamu zvakawanda zveburi remvura, wave inoramba ichikunda. Kana zvikamu zvishoma zvisingagoni kurarama zviri mugomba remvura, kusarudza soldering kunobata zvinhu izvozvo zvisina kujeka pasina kuburitsa pachena zvimwe zvese zvebhodhi.

Pinda mukati Paste Assembly Services paHighleap

Highleap Electronics ikambani yePCB nePCBA iri kuGuangzhou iri kuChina iyo inoshandisa Pin in Paste sechikamu chekubatanidza tekinoroji yakasanganiswa . Kukosha kwekushanda nemugadziri anoita PiP nguva dzose ndechekuti masvomhu ehuwandu uye dhizaini yestencil zvinogadziriswa bhodhi risati ragadzirwa, kwete kuwanikwa mushure mehuwandu hwemajoini asina kudya.

• Uinjiniya hwemastencil: mastencil anodhindwa zvakanyanya uye akachekwa nelaser akakura kubva pakuverenga kwepaste-volume, pamwe chete nema solder preforms emabarrel ane volume yakawanda.
• Mhinduro dzeDFM/DFA: zviyero zvemaburi-ku-lead, kuchengetedza-kunze, kuderedzwa kwekupisa, uye zviyero zvekudzoka kwezvikamu zvakaongororwa zvichienderana netsoka dzako.
• Kudzokorora ruzivo: ma profiles akagadzirwa zvekuti zvikamu zvinopisa zvakanyanya zvinosvika pakupisa pasina kubikwa zvakanyanya SMT.
• Inspection: AOI pamajoini eSMT uye X-ray uko kuzara kwebharero kunoda kuongororwa.
• Kusarudzwa kwemaitiro: nhungamiro yechokwadi yekuti PiP, wave, kana selective soldering ndiyo nzira yakakodzera bhodhi rako.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa NezveKuisa Pini muPaste (PiP)

Pin in Paste yakafanana here ne reflow soldering?

Inoshandisa kusungirirwa kwemvura inoyerera, asi izwi iri rinoreva kunyanya kusungirirwa kwezvikamu zvine maburi muovheni inoyerera nekuprinda paste mumaburi. Zvikamu zvekugadzirisa mvura zvinogara zvichiiswa pamusoro pechinhu; PiP inotambanudza ovheni iyoyo kuenda kuzvikamu zvine lead saka hapana chikonzero chekushandisa wave yakasiyana kana hand-solder.

Sei majoini angu ePiP achibuda asina kudya kana kuti asina chiuno chekuzasi?

Kazhinji hapana paste yakakwana. Aperture yakati sandara, yakakura sepedhi haigone kuzadza bharero. Gadzirisa nekudzvanya (ring hombe yakatenderedza gomba), kukwidza stencil panzvimbo iyoyo, kana kuwedzera solder preform - uye saizi aperture kubva pakuverenga vhoriyamu iyo inoratidza kuti paste iri hafu yesimbi nevhoriyamu.

Pane chinongedzo chepakati pegomba chinogona kutengeswa nePiP here?

Kwete. Chikamu chinofanira kuramba chiripo kusvika pakuyerera kwemvura kwakazara, kazhinji kacho panosvika 245–260 °C kuti chisave ne lead. Mazhinji ma connectors akajairwa haana kuongororwa kuti aite izvozvo uye anochinja chimiro. Shandisa shanduro ye "reflow-compatible" kana "high-temperature" ye connector, iyo vagadziri vanogadzira zvakananga PiP.

Ndinofanira kushandisa wave soldering rini pachinzvimbo chePiP?

Kana bhodhi riine zvikamu zvakawanda zvinopinda nepakati, kana zvikamu zvisingakwanise kudziya zvakare. PiP inopenya pamabhodhi eSMT akawanda ane zvikamu zvishoma zvinotsungirira kuyerera zvakare. Sezvo huwandu hwemaburi hunokwira, kusungirirwa kwemafungu kunova kwakanyatsoshanda; kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinonzwa kupisa, kusungirirwa kwekusarudza kazhinji ndiyo mhinduro.