Zvishandiso gumi zvePCB zveZvishandiso, HDI uye Kuedzwa

Mutengo wePCB ine zvidimbu gumi hautevedzerwi nehuwandu hwezvidimbu chete. Bhodhi diki rine microvia-in-pad yakarongedzwa, maconductors akanaka kwazvo uye zvinhu zvinodzorwa zvishoma zvinogona kudhura kupfuura bhodhi remazuva ano rakakura rezvidimbu gumi. Kusiyana neizvi, dhizaini yakanaka yehuwandu hwakawanda pabhodhi rakagadzirwa inogona kuva nemutengo wakaderera pane prototype diki ine mari yekugadzira, mainjiniya uye yekuyedza yakakamurwa muzvidimbu zvishoma chete.

Pakuronga bhajeti, mubvunzo unonyanya kubatsira hausi wekuti "Bhodhi rine zvidimbu gumi rinodhura chii?" asi "Ndezvipi zvinhu zvedhizaini iyi zvinoshandisa zvinhu, kuwedzera marobhoti, kuderedza goho repaneru kana kuwedzera huwandu hwekusimbisa?" Chinyorwa chino chinopindura mubvunzo iwoyo uye chinotsiva matafura emitengo yakatarwa nemuenzaniso wemitengo unoramba uchishanda kana mhangura, goridhe, kuwanikwa kwelamineti, mitengo yevashandi nemamiriro ekutakura zvinhu zvichichinja.

Highleap Electronics inoongorora mitengo mushure mekunge pasuru yekugadzira yaongororwa kuti inokwanisa kugadzirwa here. Ongororo yePCB ye10 layer engineering inotsanangura mavakirwo nesarudzo dze stackup, nepo ongororo yeDFM ichiratidza zvinhu zvinogona kuchinja mutengo usati wapihwa mutengo wekambani.

Sei Mutengo Wese Wese Uchitsausa?

Mutengo wakaburitswa usina tsanangudzo yakakwana yekutanga unogadzira kururama kwenhema. Kunyangwe kana saizi yebhodhi nehuwandu hwayo zvikataurwa, mutengo unogona kuchinja zvakanyanya nemhangura yakapedzwa, huwandu hwemaburi, chibooreso chidiki, mhuri yezvinhu, panel array, makirasi eimpedance, kupedzisa kwepamusoro, kirasi yechigadzirwa uye magwaro. Muenzaniso wekuti "100 mm x 100 mm, ten-layer, ENIG" uchiri kusiya zvinhu zvakawanda zvisina kugadziriswa kuti zvimiririre mutengo wekutenga.

Magadzirirwo akavanzwa mukati memutengo uri nyore

• Ko chivakwa chacho chakajairika here, chakavharirwa neHDI kana kuti chakatevedzana here?
• Ukobvu hwacho hwakapedzwa ndehwe 1.0 mm, 1.6 mm, 2.4 mm here kana kuti pane chimwe chinhu chaunoda?
• Matanda emukati ane 0.5 oz uye ekunze ane 1 oz here, kana kuti mhangura inorema inodiwa here?
• Bhodhi iri rinoshandisa high-Tg FR-4, laminate yedhijitari ine kurasikirwa kushoma, RF hybrid kana polyimide here?
• Ndezvipi zvinodiwa pamutsetse/nzvimbo shoma, saizi yekuboorera uye ring ye annular?
• Mangani makirasi e impedance aripo, uye ndeapi matendero nemushumo zvinodiwa?
• Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinotarisirwa kugadzirwa uye kirasi inotungamira kugamuchirwa?
• Ko odha yacho inoda makuponi, zvikamu zvidiki, bvunzo yenyaya yekutanga here kana kuti kuteverwa kwenguva refu?
• Mutengo wemabhodhi ega ega, routed array kana panel here?
• Ko maturusi, zvinhu zvinotakura, mitero, mari yebhangi uye kuunganidza zvinosanganisirwa here?

Kana vatengesi vaviri vakatora mitengo yakasiyana, basa rekutanga nderekuona kuti vakadudzira zvinhu izvi nenzira imwechete. Mutengo wakaderera unogona kuratidza zvinhu zvakasiyana, kushivirira kwakasununguka, bvunzo yakasiyiwa, imwe nzira yekuisa paneli kana fungidziro dzechinguvana pane fekitari inoshanda zviri nani.

Muenzaniso Wemitengo Inoshanda Yemabhodhi Ezvikamu Gumi

Muenzaniso unobatsira wepfungwa ndewekuti:

Mutengo weyuniti ~ mutengo wezvinhu uye maitiro papaneru yega yega yekugadzira / mabhodhi akanaka anotarisirwa papaneru yega yega + mainjiniya/maturusi akagoverwa + bvunzo/magwaro anodiwa + kurongedza nekufambisa zvinhu.

Temu yega yega inokosha. Mutengo wepaneru unokwira ne laminates dzinodhura, mhangura, lamination yakatevedzana, kuchera ne laser, finish chaiyo uye nzira refu dzekugadzira. Huwandu hwemabhodhi akanaka anotarisirwa hunoderera kana bhodhi rakakura, risingakwane zvakanaka paneru, risingashandise makuponi anodya mupendero kana kuti riine hwindo diki rekugadzira. Uinjiniya nekushandisa maturusi zvinonyanya kuoneka asi zvinova zvishoma pakuwanda. Kuedza, magwaro uye logistics zvinoenderana nechirongwa chevatengi uye nguva dzekutumira.

Mapoka mana emitengo

Nei kudyidzana kwezvinhu kuchikosha

Zvinokonzera mutengo hazvingowedzeri chete. Mhangura yakakora inoita kuti kuchekwa kwemutsara mutete kuve kwakaoma. Kuburikidza nekuzadza kunogona kuwedzera mhangura yepamusoro uye kutetepa hwindo remutsetse/nzvimbo. Chinhu chinorasikirwa zvishoma chinogona kuwanikwa mune zvimwe zvivakwa, zvichimanikidza shanduko ye stackup. Kushivirira kwakasimba kwe impedance kunogona kuderedza kusiyana kwe etch uye dielectric kunogamuchirwa, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekukohwa. Bhodhi hombe rinokudza zvese izvi nekuti zvidimbu zvishoma zvinokwana pane panel uye chidimbu chimwe chakakundikana chinomiririra nzvimbo yakawanda yakagadziriswa.

Maitiro emitengo akaomarara, akaomarara uye anochinjika

Mabhodhi ane nhurikidzwa gumi dzakaoma

Mutsetse wekare wakasimba ndiwo muenzaniso wekushandiswa nekuti kubata, kusungira uye kurongedza zvinhu zvawo kwagara kuripo. Mutengo unokwira kana bhodhi richida ma-vias asina kuvharwa, kuunganidzwa kwezvikamu, kubhoorwa kwehuwandu hwakawanda, mhangura inorema, zvinhu zvinodzorwa zvishoma-kurasikirwa, kubhoorwa kumashure, kuputirwa kwemucheto kana kusimbiswa kwakakosha. "Rigid" inotsanangura kuvaka kwemuchina, kwete kuoma kwemaitiro acho.

Mabhodhi ane jira gumi akaomesesa

Mutengo we "rigid-flex" haugone kumiririrwa ne "multiplier" imwe chete pamusoro pebhodhi rakasimba. Mutengo wacho unoenderana nekuti zvikamu gumi zvemhangura zvinogoverwa sei pakati pe "rigid" ne "flex zones", huwandu hwenzvimbo dzinochinjika, "adhesive" kana "adhesive material", "coverlay openings", "stiffeners", "controlled-impedance flex", "bookbinder features", "bend geometry" uye "panel nesting". "Material scrap" inowanzo kuve yakakwira nekuti "flex tails" dzisina kurongeka uye "transition zones" hadzina mataira zvakanaka pabhodhi.

Zvimwe zvinodzora maitiro zvinogona kusanganisira:

• patsanura mifananidzo ye flex-core uye kugadzirisa coverlay;
• zvinhu zvinobatanidza zvinoyerera zvishoma uye kudzora kuyerera kweresin pakuchinja kwakasimba;
• kubviswa kana kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzinochinjika;
• zvishandiso zvakakosha zvekudzora kufamba kwezvikamu;
• kusimbisa kubatana uye kunamira mushonga;
• kukotama kana dynamic-flex qualification kana zvichidikanwa nezvinodiwa nechigadzirwa.

Mabhodhi ane mativi gumi-anochinjika ese

Bhodhi rinochinjika rine mativi gumi ibasa rakasiyana. Zvinodiwa zvekugadzira zvinhu zvisina kusimba uye zvinochinjika zvakasiyana. Dhizaini inotarisirwa kuchinjika kakawanda ingada mhangura yakamonerwa, ukobvu hwemhangura hwakaganhurirwa, maconductor akachinjika, kuronga kwe-neutral-axis uye mitemo yakasimba yekukombama. Kukanganisa kwemutengo kunokonzerwa nekuvakwa kwe-flex kwakakodzera uye hupenyu hunodiwa, kwete kungotsiva FR-4 ne polyimide.

Usaenzanisa mashoko ekuti "rigid, rigid-flex" uye "flex quotes" uchishandisa chiyero chimwe chete chenzvimbo.

Kuenzanisa kwakavakirwa panzvimbo hakutarisiri mashandisirwo akasiyana epaneru, kubata zvinhu, kufukidza, kubatana uye zvinodiwa zvekuvimbika. Kuenzanisa kwakarurama kunoitwa kubva pamagadzirirwo akaenzana anoshanda uye zvinodiwa zvakafanana zvekugamuchira.

Zvinokonzera Mari Yezvinhu, Mhangura uye Pamusoro Pezvinhu

Mhuri yeLaminate

Mutengo wezvinhu zvinosanganisira zvakawanda kupfuura mutengo wepepa rega rega. Fekitori ingangoda huwandu hushoma hwekutenga, zvivakwa zvekugadzirira, nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu, madhiraivha akatsaurirwa kana nguva yakareba yekutenga. Mutsetse wezvinhu wakasanganiswa unoisa zvinhu zvishoma pasi pemasaini akakosha chete unogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwezvinhu, asi zvakare unounza kubatana kwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa uye maitiro ehupamhi hunofanirwa kuve akakodzera.

Zvinhu zvinofanira kusarudzwa kubva pane zvinodiwa nechiteshi, zvekupisa, zvemakanika uye zvemaitikiro. Standard kana high-Tg FR-4 haingogumiri padanho rimwe chete redata, uye mhuri ine kurasikirwa kushoma haidiwi otomatiki kuti igadzire PCIe kana SerDes. Kureba kwechiteshi, nguva yekukwira, copper roughness, connector loss, via transitions uye receiver equalization zvinosarudza kana bhajeti rekurasikirwa richigona kuzadzikiswa.

Sei zvinhu zvakafanana zvichiratidza kuti zvinotsanangura zvakasiyana?

• saizi dziripo dzepepa nedzekugadzirira;
• magirazi uye zviri mukati me resin zvinodiwa pakurongedza;
• kurapwa kwe copper-foil uye mutengo wayo;
• mamiriro ekutengesa kana kugovera zvinhu zvemutengesi;
• chimiro chekukodzera mugadziri uye goho rekare;
• zvitupa zvezvinhu zvinodiwa uye kutonga kwenzvimbo;
• zvimedu zvinogadzirwa ne hybrid layup kana kuti panel orientation.

Panasonic MEGTRON, Isola I-Tera kana Tachyon pamwe chete nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zve laminate zvine mutengo wakaderera hazvifanirwe kutorwa sezvinhu zvinochinjaniswa zviri nyore. Imwe nzira inotenderwa inogona kuchinja ukobvu hwakadzvanywa, impedance, kurasikirwa kwekuisa uye muripo wekugadzirwa. Gwaro rePCB laminate rinotsanangura zvinhu zvekusarudza.

Huremu hwemhangura

Mhangura inorema inowedzera mutengo wezvinhu zvakagadzirwa uye inochinja maitiro acho. Inoda muripo wakawanda wekucheka, resin yakawanda yekuzadza zvinhu zvakatenderedza, nzvimbo yakakura yekupa goho rimwe chete, uye nguva yakareba yekuputira. Huremu hwemhangura hwakasanganiswa hunogona kushanda zvakanaka kana zvikamu zvemagetsi zvichida simba rakawanda kupfuura zvikamu zvechiratidzo, asi stack inofanira kuramba yakaenzana uye ichigadzirwa.

Surface kupera

Mutengo wekupedzisa unoenderana nenzvimbo yakafukidzwa, kemesitiri, kudzora maitiro, ukobvu hunodiwa, kuputira kwakasarudzwa uye kuongororwa. ENIG, ENEPIG, sirivha yekunyudza, tin yekunyudza, OSP, HASL negoridhe rakaoma zvinoshanda zvakasiyana pakugadzira kana kubata. Kupedzisa hakufanirwe kusarudzwa kubva pachikamu chekuwedzera. Goridhe rakaoma paminwe yemucheto, semuenzaniso, rinowedzera mashandiro ekufukidza nekuputira kunyangwe nzvimbo yakaputirwa iri diki.

Kufamba kwemusika wegoridhe kunokanganisa kugadzirwa kwegoridhe, asi mutengo wekupedzisa hauenderane zvakananga nemutengo chaiwo chete. Kugadziriswa kwebhavhu, nickel kana palladium layers, process goho, minimum charges uye nzvimbo yakaputirwa zvine basawo.

Kuvaka HDI uye Kugadzira Magadzirirwo Zvinokanganisa Sei Mari

Mutengo weHDI unogadzirwa nemaitiro akadzokororwa uye kunzwisiswa kwezvibereko zvakanaka. Chinyorwa 1+8+1, 2+6+2 kana 3+4+3 inzvimbo inobatsira yekutanga, asi hachiratidze hurefu hwakavigwa kuburikidza ne sublamination, kukwirira kwe stack, copper fill, skip vias, surface copper kana chikamu chepanel ine zvinhu zvakawandisa.

Kukanganiswa kwemutengo nekuvaka

Kuwanda kwemaburi eLaser hakusi iko chete kunotyaira

Nguva yelaser inokura nenhamba yemaburi, asi mashandiro ekudzvanya, nguva yekuzadza, kudzora kemikari uye kubereka zvinogona kutonga. Kuderedza huwandu hwe microvia zvishoma kunogona kusabatsira zvakanyanya kana huwandu hwakafanana hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hunoramba huripo. Kubvisa huwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu kunogona kugadzira kuchengetedza kukuru - chero bedzi kubuda kwakagadziriswa kuchiri kushanda zvakanaka pamagetsi uye pamagetsi.

Chikamu cheHDI chinogona kushanda zvakanaka

Kana chimwe chikamu chakakora chichida kubuda kwe microvia asi chimwe chikamu chebhodhi chisingade, dhizaini yeHDI iri munzvimbo yacho kana yakaderera inogona kudzivirira zvivakwa zvisina kufanira. Kuchengetedza kunofanirwa kuongororwa zvichienderana nemaitiro chaiwo epaneru; fekitari ichiri kugadzirisa paneru yese kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekuvaka, saka "nzvimbo diki yeHDI chete" haibvisi mashandiro ekudhinda nekuisa mapurasitiki.

Kuti uwane sarudzo yekuvaka uye kuvimbika kwe microvia, tarisa gwara rekugadzira re 10 layer HDI PCB.

Kushandiswa kwePanel, Kubudirira kweMaitiro uye Saizi yeBhodhi

Kushandiswa kwepaneru

Bhodhi rinotengeswa rinongotora chikamu chepaneru yekugadzira. Matura, maburi ekushandisa, makuponi, kuba kweplati, kubvisa edge uye mipata yekufambisa pakati pemabhodhi zvinodya nzvimbo. Bhodhi rinoita serinokodzera katanhatu pane pepa rinogona kukwana mana chete mushure mekunge magadzirirwo emuchina uye zvinodiwa zvemakuponi zvabatanidzwa. Kutenderera kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hwezvidimbu asi kunogona kupesana negwara regirazi, controlled impedance, flex orientation kana zvinodiwa nepaneru yevatengi.

Saka kuverenga nzvimbo kuri nyore hakuna kukwana. CAM panelization inofanira kutaura zvinotevera:

• saizi yekugadzirwa kwepaneru yakasarudzwa;
• mabhodhi kana ma arrays papaneru imwe neimwe;
• kugoverwa kwezvitima nemakuponi;
• nzira yekufambisa kana kuyera mamaki;
• zvirambidzo zvekutarisa zvinhu;
• kana bhodhi richigona kusanganisa magadzirirwo ezvinyorwa kana nhamba dzezvikamu;
• zvidimbu zvinotarisirwa kushandiswa mushure mekubuda kwezvibereko.

Mabhodhi akanaka anotarisirwa papaneru imwe neimwe

Huwandu hwenzvimbo dzemapaneru hahuna kufanana nehuwandu hwemabhodhi anotengeswa. Maitiro ane nzvimbo sere uye goho re90% remabhodhi rinotarisirwa rinoburitsa avhareji yemabhodhi akanaka 7.2, kwete masere. Mabhodhi makuru anoita kuti izvi zvinyanye kuoma nekuti nzvimbo imwe chete yakakundikana inotora chikamu chikuru chemutengo wepaneru.

Kufanotaura kwegoho kunoenderana nenhoroondo yemaitiro, huwandu hwezvinhu, nzvimbo yebhodhi uye mahwindo madiki ekugadzira. Hazvifanirwe kuratidzwa sehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu hwakavimbiswa hwechigadzirwa chega chega chine zvikamu gumi.

Zvinhu zvekugadzira zvinoderedza goho repaneru

• bhodhi guru kana chimiro chisina kurongeka;
• kunyoreswa kwakasimba kwazvo kwekuboorera-ku-mhangura uye kunyorwa kwechikamu;
• mitsetse mitete pamhangura yakakora yakapedzwa;
• mazinga akawanda ema microvia akaunganidzwa;
• magadzirirwo makuru asingafambi zvakanaka kana kuti akaomarara;
• kuputira mucheto, makomba kana nzira yakaoma yekudzika;
• zvinodiwa zvekushongedza zvakasimba pamusoro penzvimbo yakakura;
• kutambisa/kumonereka kwakasimba padanda risina kuenzana;
• makirasi mazhinji e impedance ari pedyo nemiganhu yemaitiro.

Kukura kwebhodhi kunokanganisa zvakawanda kupfuura zvinhu

Bhodhi rakakura rinoshandisa laminate yakawanda asi rinowedzerawo njodzi yemifananidzo, kunyoresa, kuboora uye kubata. Ringada nzira yakakura yekuyedza, nzira refu yekufambisa zvinhu uye kurongedza kwakakosha. Mutengo pa square centimeter unogona kukwira pane kudzikira kana zvinhu zvakakura.

Kusagadzikana, Kirasi Yechigadzirwa, Bvunzo uye Zvinyorwa

Kudzora impedance

Kudzora kusingapindi simba kunowedzera huinjiniya, kuponi uye basa rekuyera. Kukanganiswa kwemutengo kunoenderana nehuwandu hwemakirasi, kushivirira, maumbirwo ezvikamu, kudzora zvinhu uye kana dhizaini iri pedyo nemiganhu yekushanda kwefekitori. Kushivirira kwakasimba kunogona kuderedza hupamhi hwemutsara, dielectric uye copper, zvichigona kuderedza goho.

Hapana mutemo wekuti interface ine zita inoda +/-5% kana +/-3%. Kushivirira kunofanirwa kubva pakuongorora kwechiratidzo-kusimba uye margin yesystem. Kutsanangura +/-10% kana zvakakwana zvine musoro; kusimbisa kushivirira pasina kudiwa kwechiteshi kunowedzera mutengo asi hazviiti kuti chigadzirwa chapera chive nani otomatiki.

Kirasi yekuita

Kirasi yeIPC 2 neKirasi ye3 hazvisi nyore zvekushongedza. Kirasi yakasarudzwa inochinja zvinodiwa zvekugamuchirwa uye inogona kukanganisa sampuli, zvinodiwa pakugadzira uye kudzora maitiro. Zvisinei, chirevo chepasi rose chekuti "Kirasi ye3 inowedzera 20-40%" hachina kuvimbika. Kuwedzera kwacho kunoenderana nemutengo wekugadzira, kugona kwemutengesi, kuyedzwa uye magwaro. Bhodhi rakagadzirwa kare mukati mezvinodiwa zveKirasi ye3 rinogona kuona shanduko diki pane dhizaini yepakati inoda kugadziriswa, kugadziriswa kana kugadziriswa kwepuratifomu.

Kukodzera uye kugamuchirwa kwenzvimbo

Kugadziriswa kwezvikamu zvekutanga, kutevedzera kuyerera kwemvura, kutenderera kwekupisa kunokonzerwa nemagetsi, kuyedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kana makuponi anoenderana nevatengi anowedzera mutengo wekuyedza zvakananga uye zvinogona kushandisa nzvimbo yepaneli. Zvinowedzerawo nzira yekuburitsa nekuti mhedzisiro inogona kudiwa isati yatumirwa. Chikumbiro chinofanira kudoma nzira, hurongwa hwemuenzaniso uye zvinodiwa zvekugamuchira. Mitsara yakafanana ne "IST 1,000 cycles" haina kukwana uye haifanirwe kutorwa seyakabatanidzwa otomatiki.

Documentation

Zvitupa, kutevedza zvinhu, TDR plot, finish data, microsections, serialization uye reservation yenguva refu yezvinyorwa zvinoda mainjiniya uye zvemhando yepamusoro. Mutengo wacho unowanzova mudiki kana tichienzanisa nebhodhi, asi hausi zero - kunyanya kana mafomu evatengi, kurodha portal kana magwaro akashandurwa zvichidikanwa. Magwaro anofanira kutaurwa panguva imwe chete nekugadzirwa.

Muenzaniso, Huwandu hwekugadzira, NRE uye Kudzokorora maodha

Nei ma prototypes aine mutengo wakakwira weyuniti

Kugadzirira CAM, DFM, stackup engineering, mapurogiramu ekudhirowa, kugadzika mapaneru, makuponi uye kugadzika kwemichina zvinodiwa kunyangwe odha yacho iine mabhodhi mashanu kana mazana mashanu. Mapaneru emuenzaniso anogonawo kushanda ega pane kushanda muchirongwa chekugadzira chakagadzikana. Kugovanisa mitengo iyi yakatarwa neyakagadzika muhuwandu hushoma kunoita kuti mutengo weyuniti uve wakakwira.

Chikonzero nei mitengo ichizodzikira pakupedzisira

Sezvo huwandu huchikwira, kugoverwa kwemidziyo pabhodhi rimwe nerimwe kunoderera, asi mutengo wezvinhu uye wekugadzirisa unoramba uripo. Kana odha yacho yagadziriswa zvakanaka uye kushandiswa kwemidziyo kwagadzikana, kudzikiswa kwehuwandu kunoenderana nekutenga zvinhu, purofiti yemuchina, otomatiki uye chibvumirano chekutengeserana. Kutaura kwekuti mutengo unogara uchidzikira nechikamu chakatarwa pakati pehuwandu hweshanu nehuwandu hwechiuru chimwe hakutendeseki mumagadzirirwo ese.

Kugadzira Zvishandiso uye NRE

NRE inogona kusanganisira CAM, impedance engineering, special drilling kana routing fixtures, electrical-test fixture, laser tooling, cuponi dzevatengi uye first-article qualification. Vamwe vatengesi vanosanganisira zvinhu izvi mumutengo weyuniti; vamwe vanozviratidza zvakasiyana. Hapana imwe yemhando dzacho dzakachipa. Enzanisai mari yese yekusvika panzvimbo uye mutemo wekudzokorora.

Dzokorora mirairo

Odha yakadzokororwa inogona kushandisazve data rakatenderwa uye mamwe maturusi, asi chete kana kugadziriswa, zvinhu, mapaneru, zvinodiwa zvekugamuchirwa uye mamiriro ekushandisa zvikaramba zvichishanda. Zvishandiso zvekuyedza zvasakara, zvivakwa zvemidziyo zvikasawanikwa uye mwero kana zvinodiwa nevatengi zvichichinja. "Hapana NRE yekudzokorora kwega kwega mukati memwedzi gumi nemiviri" haifanirwe kutaurwa kunze kwekunge iri mutemo chaiwo wekutengeserana pakotesheni.

Maodha egumbeze uye kuburitswa kwakarongwa

Chibvumirano chekubatanidza zvinhu chinogona kutsigira kutenga zvinhu uye kuronga kugadzirwa ukuwo chichibvumira kutumirwa kwezvinhu zvishoma nezvishoma. Kubatsirwa kwekutengeserana kunoenderana nenguva dzekudzima zvinhu, nguva yekushanda, kugadzikana kwekufungidzira uye mutoro wekuchengetedza. Hazvina kufanana nekuraira huwandu hwakazara nekutumirwa nekukurumidza.

Kuderedza Mutengo Pasina Kugadzira Njodzi Yekuvimbika

Kuchinja kwekugadzira kwakakosha zvikuru

• Bvisa mazinga asina kufanira ekuunganidza. Pedzisa chidzidzo chekubuda muBGA uye shandisa magadzirirwo asina kudzika anoshanda zvechokwadi.
• Shandisa ma microvia akavharirwa panzvimbo imwe chete kana nzvimbo yacho ichibvumira. Dzivisa ma "stacked interfaces" asingape rubatsiro rwe "routing".
• Wedzera nzvimbo dzakatorwa uye nzvimbo dzakachekwa dziri kure nenzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda. Usashandise hunyanzvi hudiki pane zvese zviri mubhodhi.
• Chengeta mhangura yakagadzirwa yakakodzera kushanda kwayo. Shandisa mhangura inorema chete panzvimbo dzinodiwa.
• Sarudza zvinhu kubva pabhajeti rechiteshi. Shandisa chivakwa chinorasikirwa zvishoma apo chinochinja mashandiro, kwete sechinongedzo chegumbeze rinotungamirwa nerudzi.
• Gadzirisa bhodhi kuti rive rekugadzira panel. Kuchinja kudiki kunogona kuvandudza zvidimbu papaneru imwe neimwe, asi zvinodiwa zvemakanika uye zvekuvharira zvinoramba zvichidzora.
• Shandisa kushivirira kwechokwadi kweimpedance. Dzivisa kuomesa kirasi yega yega kune mambure anonyanya kudiwa.
• Zvakasiyana nezvitupa zvekutumira zvinhu nguva dzose. Usadzokorora bvunzo dzekuvimbika dzinodhura pane zvese zvinhu kunze kwekunge chigadzirwa chichida izvozvo.
• Gadzirisai zvinhu zvakaunganidzwa mumhuri dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa. Kushandisazve chivakwa chakakodzera kunogona kuderedza kusiyana kwemainjiniya uye kwezvinhu.
• Omesa data usati waisa maturusi. Kugadziriswa kunonoka kunogona kukanganisa mapaneru, zvigadziriso uye basa rekuongorora.

Hupfumi hwenhema hwekudzivirira

• kugamuchira chinhu chinotsiva laminate chisina kutenderwa kungoderedza mutengo wezvinhu chete;
• kuderedza kutorwa kwenyika pasi pebhajeti rekunyoresa;
• kushandisa microvia aspect ratio yakakwira kubvisa press cycle isina qualification;
• kubvisa makuponi ekuyedza anodiwa kuti uone impedance kana chimiro;
• kuchinja kubva pakushandisa via-in-pad yakazadzwa kuenda kuma-open vias pasi peBGA lands;
• kusarudza kupedzisa kusingawirirane nemusangano kana kuchengetwa;
• kushandisa Kirasi 2 kana tsanangudzo yechigadzirwa kana chirongwa chakatemerwa chichida Kirasi 3;
• kusanganisa magadzirirwo asina hukama pane rimwe divi pasina kuongorora goho, kurongeka uye njodzi yekuendesa.

Kugovana mapaneru hakusi kwemahara otomatiki

Kubatanidza magadzirirwo akasiyana-siyana kunogona kuderedza marara ezvinhu mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu eprototype, asi ma stackups akasiyana, mhangura, ma drill sets, mafinishes kana huwandu hwekutumira hunodzivirira kugovaniswa. Mapaneru akasanganiswa anogona kuoma bvunzo yemagetsi, kutevedza uye kuverenga goho. Chikwata cheCAM chinofanira kusimbisa kana zvikamu zvacho zvichinyatsogovana maitiro akafanana uye kana mari inochengetedzwa ichipfuura kuwedzerwa kwekushandiswa.

Maitiro Ekuenzanisa Quotes mbiri dzePCB dzine zvikamu gumi

Gadzirisai chiyero chehunyanzvi musati maenzanisa mitengo yemayuniti. Kumbirai mutengesi wega wega kuti asimbise minda yakafanana nekunyora.

Kumbirai zvinhu zvinofungidzirwa uye zvisingabatanidzwi

Chirevo chehunyanzvi chinofanira kutaura zvinoitika kana ongororo yeDFM ikachinja upamhi hwemutsetse, dielectric, zvinhu kana kuburikidza nezvivakwa. Mitengo yenguva pfupi yakakodzera kana data rekwakabva risina kukwana, asi rinofanira kunyorwa saizvozvo. Chirevo chisingaratidze fungidziro chinogona kuoneka chakasimba ukuwo chisarudzo chikuru chehunyanzvi chisina kugadziriswa.

Pakeji yeQuote neMiganhu yeMabhizinesi

Ruzivo rwehunyanzvi rwemitengo yekambani

• ruzivo rwakakwana rwekugadzira uye mafaira ekuboorera/kuronga;
• dhizaini yekugadzira uye saizi dzakapedzwa;
• kuunganidzwa kana mvumo yekupa imwe;
• zvinodiwa nezvinhu uye zvekutsiva;
• mhangura yakapedzwa uye mutsetse/nzvimbo shoma;
• kuburikidza netafura ine zvinodiwa zvekutanga/kumisa, kuzadza uye chivharo;
• tafura yekudzivirira inodzorwa;
• kupedzisa pamusoro uye kuputira kwakasarudzwa;
• kutonga kutsanangurwa kwechigadzirwa, kugadziriswazve uye kirasi;
• zvinodiwa zvinodiwa, makuponi, mishumo uye kurondwa;
• huwandu, kutumirwa kwezvinhu, kudiwa kwegore negore uye purogiramu yekutumira zvinhu.

Minda yekutengeserana inofanirwa kuve yakajeka

• mari uye nguva yekushanda kwekotesheni;
• kungave kushandisa maturusi neNRE zviri kubatanidzwa here kana kuti zvakasiyana;
• Incoterm nenzvimbo yakatumidzwa zita;
• mutoro wekutakura zvinhu, inishuwarenzi, mutero uye mutero;
• nzira yekubhadhara uye mitemo yechikwereti;
• kutanga kwekutumira data-risiti, kubvumidzwa kweDFM, risiti yezvinhu kana kuburitswa kweodha yekutenga;
• muripo wekudzima nekudzokorora;
• mutemo wekushandisa maturusi ekudzokorodza maodha uye wekuchengetedza data;
• kutumirwa kwezvinhu zvakawandisa kana kushomeka;
• garandi uye maitiro ekusatevedzera mutemo.

Mitemo yekubhadhara, mitengo yekutakura zvinhu uye muganho wechikwereti zvinoenderana nevatengi neodha. Hazvifanirwe kunyorwa muchinyorwa chemutengo wehunyanzvi kunze kwekunge zviri mutemo wekambani wazvino uno. Saizvozvowo, zvikumbiro zvekutumira zvinhu zvinofanira kusiyanisa nguva yekugadzira kubva pakufambisa zvinhu kunze kwenyika uye kubviswa kwemitero.

Kumbira Mutengo wePCB une zvikamu gumi

Kudzora Kutonga uye Kudzokorodza

Kuenzanisa mutengo kunoramba kuripo chete kana hwaro hwehunyanzvi huchiramba husina kuchinja. Saka kudzora kugadziriswa kunofanira kubatanidza mutengo, mhinduro yeDFM, stackup yakatenderwa, dhizaini yekugadzira, tsananguro yepaneru kana yekutumira uye kugadziriswa kwehurongwa hwemhando. Kana mutengesi akapa zano rekuvaka rakasiyana relaminate, geometry yemuchina wekufambisa, kuburikidza nekuzadza, chirongwa checoupon kana kurongeka kwepaneru, mhedzisiro yekutengeserana inofanira kuongororwa pamwe chete nemhedzisiro yemagetsi nekuvimbika.

• Nyora fungidziro dziri dzechinguvana pakotesheni wodzivhara usati watenga.
• Mutengo weyuniti unodzokororwa wakasiyana kubva kuCAM, maturusi, michina yekuyedza, hushoma hwezvinhu, zvinodiwa uye muripo wekutakura zvinhu.
• Taura kana mitengo yakavakirwa pakutenga zvinhu zvakarairwa, goho rinotarisirwa, kubvumidzwa kudarika kana huwandu hwakatarwa hwezvinhu zvakatumirwa.
• Tsanangura kukosha kwekotesheni, mari, Incoterm, mitero/mutero uye mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera kudzokororwa kwemari.
• Kana uchida kudzokorora maodha, simbisa kana maturusi, mapurogiramu ekuyedza, makuponi akachengetwa uye zvinhu zvakatenderwa zvichiri kushanda.
• Enzanisa vatengesi uchishandisa mhangura yakafanana yakapedzwa, mutemo wezvinhu, kirasi yekugamuchira, hurongwa hwemuenzaniso uye pasuru yemushumo.

Kuderedza mutengo kwakachengeteka kana kuchibvisa kuomarara kwemaitiro kusingakoshi pane kubvisa kusimbiswa. Kuisa panel zvakanaka, makirasi mashoma e impedance, runyorwa rupfupi rwekudhirowa kumashure, hunyanzvi huri nyore uye zvinhu zvakatenderwa zvinogona kuderedza mutengo pasina kuderedza zvinodiwa zvekushanda zvakaburitswa.

Maitiro Ekuchinja Kweinjiniya Anochinja Mutengo Wekutanga

Kuchinja kwemitengo kuri nyore kunzwisisa kana kugadziriswa kwega kwega kwedhizaini kwakabatana nechinhu chinoshandiswa pakugadzira. Kuchinja kwehukuru hwebhodhi kunokanganisa nzvimbo yekuisa matendere epaneru nenzvimbo yezvinhu; kuchinja kwemhangura kunokanganisa etching, plating uye lamination; kuchinja kuburikidza nekuchinja kunogona kuwedzera drill yese, fill kana sequential-lamination loop. Kubata shanduko dzese se percentage adder kunovanza kuti nei imwe revision iine mhedzisiro diki uku imwe ichigadzirisa quotation.

Kugadziriswa kwekotesheni kunofanira kudoma fungidziro yehunyanzvi yakachinjwa pane kungotaura huwandu hutsva. Izvi zvinogadzira nhoroondo yemutengo unoshandiswa uye zvinobatsira timu yekugadzira kusarudza kana chinhu chinodiwa, chinogona kuiswa munzvimbo, kana kuti chinogona kudzoserwa kune zvinodiwa.

Ruzivo rwakakodzera kuchengetedza

Mapoka ekutenga anogona kuvandudza kuenzanisa mune ramangwana nekuchengetedza data rakajairika kubva kune yega yega yakagadzirwa: saizi yepaneru yekugadzira, mabhodhi papaneru, mhuri yezvinhu nekuvaka, marobho ekugadzirisa, nhamba dzemabhorani ne laser hit, makirasi e impedance, nzvimbo ye coupon, nzira yekuyedza, huwandu hwezvibereko zvakaunzwa, mari yekamwe chete uye hwaro hwekutakura. Data iri hariratidze mutengo wepachivande wemutengesi, asi rinoratidza kuti ndeapi magadzirirwo akasiyana-siyana akachinja pakati pekugadzirisa.

Mitengo yekudzokorora maodha inofanirawo kuratidza kugadziriswa kwakatenderwa uye mamiriro echinhu chacho. Odha ye "nhamba imwechete yezvikamu" inogona kuramba ichida kudzokororwa kana laminate isingachashandi, foil yemhangura ichichinja, chigadzirwa chekuyedza chinofanira kuvakwazve kana huwandu hwacho husingachatsigire hurongwa hwepaneru hwekare. Kusiyana neizvi, dhizaini yakagadzikana ine maturusi anogona kushandiswazve uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakatenderwa hazvifanirwe kuenzaniswa nekotesheni yekutanga sekunge mutoro wekugadzirisa wakafanana.

Kuchengetedza njodzi uye kudzidza nezvegoho

Mashoko ekutanga ekuvaka kutsva anogona kusanganisira kusava nechokwadi kusingaonekwe sechinhu chakasiyana chemutsetse. Mutengesi anogona kunge aine nhoroondo shoma yekukohwa kwemusanganiswa wehukuru hwepaneru, ma microvia akaunganidzwa, mhangura, kupedzisa uye kushivirira. Mushure mekunge data rekugadzira ragadzikana ravapo, chikamu chimwe chete chinogona dzimwe nguva kutengwa nemutengo wakaderera. Zvakasiyana nazvo ndezvechokwadiwo: muenzaniso unopfuura kamwe chete hauratidzi kuti unogona kudzokororwa. Kuongorora mutengo kunofanirwa kushandisa nhoroondo yenzvimbo, kwete paneru imwe chete yakabudirira.

Kana dhizaini yatamiswa, bvunza kana mutengo wacho uchiratidza kuti wakura kana kuti wava neruzivo rutsva. Mutengesi mutsva angangoda mamwe makuponi, mapaneru ekutanga kana kuti conservative panel density kusvika kunyoreswa, kuputirwa kwepurasitiki uye mhedzisiro yebvunzo zvabatana. Mari idzi dzinotenderwa kana dzaburitswa pachena uye dzinofanira kuparadzaniswa nemutengo wekugadzira unodzokororwa chero zvodini.