Kugadzira PCB yeCavity yePrecision Board Designs

PCB yemugodhi ibhodhi rakagadzirwa nechinangwa chine nzvimbo yakavharika kana kuti yakagadzirwa nemashini munharaunda—kwete PCB yakajairika ine buri rekuwedzera. Highleap Electronics inopa kugadzirwa kwePCB yemugodhi yemagadzirirwo anoda kubviswa kwezvikamu, ukobvu hwakaderera hwenzvimbo, mapoketi ane matanho kana geometry yakatsanangurwa yemugodhi. Kana mutengesi wako wepari zvino asingakwanise kutsigira kudzika kwemugodhi kunodiwa, kuunganidzwa kana ruzivo rwemakanika, titumirei pasuru yekugadzira kuti tiongorore kugadzirwa kwayo.

Kuti uwane mutengo wePCB wepachivande unoshanda , ongororo yedu yeinjiniya inoda zvinopfuura muganho weGerber. Kukura kwepachivande, kudzika kwehurefu, zvinhu zvasara, madziro, mhangura iri pedyo, kuvakwa kwelaminate uye chero RF kana mashandiro emakanika zvese zvinokanganisa nzira yekushanda. Tinoongorora zvinodiwa izvi tisati tataura mutengo kuitira kuti mutengo uye hurukuro yenguva yekutanga zvive zvakavakirwa pabhodhi raunoda chaizvo.

Chii Chinonzi Cavity PCB Kugadzira?

Tanga nekugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana wobvisa zvinhu kubva pakati, kungave nekukwesha homwe kubva kudivi rimwe chete kana nekucheka mugero uchipinda nebhodhi uchishandisa router, wobva waisa maganda pamusoro pezvasara. Mugumisiro wacho ibhodhi rakatetepa panzvimbo imwe chete kupfuura mamwe mapaneru, kana kuti risina chinhu munzira yakatarwa.

Zvinobviswa zvine basa guru pane zvinosara. Kana homwe ikakuyiwa mukati memukati chete uye maganda eprepreg akaramba akabatana pamusoro, chishandiso chekufambisa chinopfuura nepakati pemukati chomira, izvo zvinochengetedza nzvimbo yekunze inoramba iripo yezvikamu nezvinobatanidza. Kana gomba rakagadzirwa kubva kunze kwepaneru rapera, chishandiso chinofanira kupinda nepakati pekora neprepreg layer, ndosaka dhirowa ichiwanzo taura kana gomba rakavhurika kana kuti rakavharwa uye kuti ndeapi mativi anogumira mukati maro.

Migumisiro miviri inotevera zvakananga kubva pane izvi. Chekutanga, chero jira rinogumira mukati megomba igwaro rinofanira kutenderedzwa rakatenderedza homwe, saka hunyanzvi hunofanira kusanganisira mutsetse wegomba sechinochengetedza. Chechipiri, homwe yakakuyiwa inosiya mipendero yemhangura pamadziro ehomwe. Kana rusvingo irworwo rwuri mukati menzvimbo yepasi, mhangura haisisiripo, uye dhizaini yacho inofanira kuitsanangura pane kufunga kuti igwaro rakasimba.

Mhando dzeCavity PCBs uye Zvinodiwa Pakugadzira Kwadzo

Izwi rekuti "cavity board" rinosanganisira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Hazvichinjiki, uye kutaura zvisiri izvo ndicho chikonzero chinowanzoita kuti cavity quote idzoke yakakwira kupfuura zvaitarisirwa.

Homwe isina chinhu uye gomba rinobuda zvinoita zvakasiyana zvikuru muunyanzvi. Bhodhi rinobuda rinoparadzanisa bhodhi kuita nzvimbo dzinofanira kusungirirwa pamwe chete, kazhinji nekusiya mabhiriji ekugadzira kana nekuisazve maganda anotenderera. Ndiyo sarudzo yechimiro inosarudza kana chikamu chacho chichikwanisika.

Zvinodiwa pakugadzira PCB yeCavity kuti Bhodhi rive nesimba uye kudzika

Laminate iri muPCB yakagadzirwa nefiber-reinforced composite, uye kuoma kwayo kunobva pagirazi rinorukwa nepakati pechinhu. Routing inobvisa simba iroro munzira yekuchekwa. Bhodhi rine nzira yakafara, isina kukanganiswa rinogona kupfava pasi pemitoro ye heat sink ine bhoritari kana simba rekubatanidza, uye munzvimbo ine hunyoro chikamu chakaderedzwa chinoitawo kuti chisungo chiri pakati peganda nepakati pacho chisashande.

Maitiro matatu akajairika mukuvaka uku, uye ese matatu anofanirwa kudhirowa kwete mukusarudza kwemugadziri:

• Mabhiriji ezvinhu: zvidimbu zvepakati zvinosiyiwa panzvimbo yazvo pamusoro pegomba, kuitira kuti kucheka kusasvike paupamhi hwese. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakajairika yekudzivirira bhodhi regomba kuti risapatsanuke kuita zvidimbu zviviri.
• Matehwe anoenderera mberi: zvidimbu zvekunze zve prepreg hazvikanganisike, saka bhodhi rinochengetedza nzvimbo yakakombama kunyangwe pakabviswa pakati. Kana paine gomba rakavhurika kumativi ese, ganda rekunze rinofanira kuwedzerwa mushure mezvo, izvo zvinochinja ukobvu panguva iyoyo.
• Corner radii: kona yakapinza yemukati muhomwe yakatenderedzwa ipfungwa yekushushikana uye nzvimbo yekutanga yekubvisa miganhu. Madhayagiramu enzvimbo anowanzo ratidzwa mumufananidzo seredhiyo shoma pane dhigiri chaiyo.

Kuomarara kunogona kuongororwa usati wagadzira. Kana bhodhi rako riine gomba uye richiisawo chinhu chinorema, tsanangura nzira yekugadzika uye torque yekusunga muRFQ, nekuti kushushikana kwebheya remunharaunda rakatenderedza gomba resikuruu kunowanzova chinhu chinogumira pane kuomarara kwebhodhi. Apa ndipo panodhirowa dhizaini yemuchina wekubatanidza, kwete chete hunyanzvi hwePCB, inopa mugadziri zvaanoda. Chikonzero chimwe chete ichi chinoshanda kumibvunzo yekusunga uye torque inokurukurwa papeji redu rePCB rekufunga nezvekugadzira michina.

Dhizaini yeRF Cavity PCB yePasi neMadunhu Anomhanya Nenguva Dzose

RF ndipo panowanikwa kukosha kwakawanda kwekuvaka cavity, uye panoita kuti pave nekukundikana kwakanyanya. Cavity yakakuyiwa inobvisa mhangura kubva mukati mezvikamu zviri muhomwe, zvichireva kuti nzvimbo yekunongedzera pasi penzvimbo iyoyo inokanganiswa. Kune cavity inoumba chikamu che resonator, filter, kana oscillator, kukanganisa ikoko ndiko kunonyanya kukosha: zviyero zve cavity zvinoisa frequency ye resonant, uye muganhu wesimbi unotsanangura modhi. Kune cavity isina kurongerwa kuti iite renetize, kukanganiswa kumwe chete kuchiri kuda muganhu wakatsanangurwa, kana kuti chimiro chichapenya uye chinosangana zvisingatarisirwi.

Maparamita matatu anodzora mhedzisiro, uye ese matatu anofanira kutaurwa:

• Kudzika kwegomba, inova kureba kwe dielectric kwehuwandu hwe resonant. Kushivirira kwenzira uye ukobvu hweganda zvese zvinopinda mune izvi, saka kushivirira pakadzika kunofanirwa kunge kwakasimba kupfuura kushivirira paukobvu hwebhodhi rekunze.
• Tsananguro yemuganhu wesimbi: kana gomba racho richitsanangurwa nemadziro emhangura asara, nepaburi rakaputirwa, kana nechikamu chesimbi chakasiyana chakaunganidzwa muhomwe. Izvi hazvina kufanana muRF terms.
• Zvinhu zveDielectric mukati megomba: resin nefiller zviri mukati zvine maDk neDf akasiyana kubva kumaganda eprepreg, saka gomba rinofukidza zvese rinogona kuchinja frequency ye resonant zvichienderana nekuverenga zvichibva pane chimwe chinhu.

Ndosaka mabhodhi emukati achiwanzotsanangurwa pamwe chete neRF material system kwete FR-4 yakajairika. Gwaro redu rekugadzira reRF ne microwave PCB rinotsanangura kuti sarudzo dze stackup nemidziyo dzinoshanda sei ne impedance, uye mhuri dzemidziyo pachadzo dzinoenzaniswa pazvinhu zvedu zve microwave PCB . Kana dhizaini yacho iri cavity resonator kwete general RF board, zvinhu uye cavity tolerance ndizvo zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha kuti zvibvumiranwe nemugadziri wemifananidzo usati waburitswa.

Maitiro Ekugadzira uye Kuongorora kweCavity PCB

Bhodhi remugodhi harisi chivakwa chakajairika chine danho rekuwedzera. Nzira yekuronga inofanira kuiswa maererano nezvikamu zvakatoiswa, uye izvo zvinodzivisa kurongeka kwese.

Zvinoreva kuti kudzika kwegomba iri idenderedzwa rakarongwa riri pakati penzvimbo mbiri dzakaiswa laminated, uye rinoyerwa mushure mekuputirwa nekupedzwa. Kana dhizaini ichida kushivirira kudzika kwakasimba kupfuura zvinogona kuchengetedzwa ne routing ne plating, mhinduro inowanzo kuve yekufambisa gomba iri muchikamu chemuchina pane kukumbira mugadziri kuti acheke zvakasimba. Mibvunzo yekushivirira kuchekwa chikamu chegadziriro yefaira inofukidzwa muPCB lamination process yedu.

Cavity PCB vs Substrate Yakasungirirwa: Misiyano Yakakosha

Maitiro ese ari maviri anoisa chimwe chinhu mukati mebhodhi, uye anowanzo vhiringidzika padanho rekusarudza. Anosiyana pane zviri mubhodhi uye pane zvinofanira kuitwa nemugadziri.

Kana chinangwa chiri chekuisa RF module kana diki diki mukati mebhodhi, nzira ye substrate yakavharirwa inowanzova ndiyo inodzorwa zvakanyanya, uye inotsanangurwa zvakadzama pakuvaka kwedu PCB yakavharirwa . Kana chinangwa chiri chekugadzira RF volume kana kudzikamisa chikamu chakasiyana, kuvaka cavity ndicho chishandiso chakakodzera.

Nhungamiro dzeKugadzira PCB yeCavity yeDFM Review

Iyi ndiyo mitemo inowanzo manikidza kuti pave nekudhirowa patsva pane kugadzirisa maitiro:

• Kureba kwemadziro kubva muhomwe kusvika kumhangura. Kana madziro epocket akagumira pa plate kana plate, zvinhu zvakasara zvinofanira kuramba zviripo mushure me lamination cycle yechipiri. A via iri pedyo zvakanyanya nemucheto wepocket ichaonekwa pamadziro uye haizofukidzwi nekuputira sezvakaita a via yakajairika.
• Rutsigiro pasi pehomwe pasi. Kana homwe yacho ikakuyiwa mukati uye pasi pegomba rikasiyiwa risina kutsigirwa panzvimbo yakakura, rinoputsika kana kutsemuka panguva yekudzvanya kwechipiri.
• Kunyoresa pakati pedanho rekufambisa nemufananidzo. Nzvimbo yepocket inofanira kusungirirwa kuunyanzvi kuburikidza nemaitiro emugadziri pachake, uye kushivirira kunofanira kutaurwa maererano nezvinhu zvinokosha, zvakaita se via array kana connector footprint.
• Kuwana zvishandiso uye kuisa panel. Router inofanira kusvika muhomwe. Homwe iri pedyo nemucheto wepaneru, kana bhodhi rinofanira kurongwa pamberi kana mushure mekuiswa kwepaneru, inoshandura marongerwo epaneru. Kugadziriswa kwePCB inokurukura kuti nzira dzepaneru dzinokanganisa sei matanho ekufambisa zvinhu uye kuti zvigadziriso zvinofanirwa kuiswa kupi.
• Kubatana paganda. Kana zvikamu zvikagara pamusoro pehomwe, pamusoro pacho panofanira kugara pakadzikama mukati mehuremu hwechikamu chacho, izvo zvinoderedza kuti ganda ringave rakatetepa sei uye kuti panel inogona kufamba zvakadii pakati pemadenderedzwa.

Zvizhinji zveizvi zvinhu zvakajairika zveDFM zvinoshandiswa pakuita zvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki. Ongororo yedu yePCB yekugadzira zvinhu (DFM) inosanganisira mitemo yakatarwa, uye kuvaka kwegomba kwakakodzera kuiongorora zvizere nekuti danho rekugadzirisa zvinhu rinosangana nemitemo yakawanda yakajairika panguva imwe chete.

Zvinodiwa zveQuote yePCB yeCavity: Kudzika, Saizi uye Kushivirira

Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvisingatarisirwi pamutengo wechinhu chinobva paruzivo rwusina kumbobvira rwaratidzwa pamufananidzo. Rondedzero inotevera inoratidza zvinodiwa nemugadziri wechinhu kuti atengese mutengo wechinhu chacho pasina kufungidzira:

• Kuisa muunganidzwa une nzvimbo yekuvharika. Mazita ezvikamu, zvinhu, ukobvu hwemhangura neprepreg, uye chirevo chakajeka chekuti homwe yakagayiwa kubva pachikamu chipi uye kuti yakadzika sei, zvinoyerwa kubva pane imwe nzvimbo yakatarwa.
• Chiono chechikamu kuburikidza nepaburi. Kuonekwa uku kumwechete kunogadzirisa kusanzwisisika kwakanyanya kupfuura peji rezvinyorwa. Kunofanira kuratidza pasi pehomwe, matehwe ari pamusoro payo, uye chero mhangura inogumira pamadziro.
• Kushivirira pahudzamu hwegomba, uye kana chiri chinodiwa chekuratidza zvese zviri zviviri kana kuti zvese.
• Kurapa madziro. Kunyangwe madziro ehomwe akasiyiwa asina chinhu, akaputirwa, kana kuti akafukidzwa nesimbi yakasiyana. Izvi zvinoshandura maitiro eRF uye dziviriro yengura.
• Bhiriji nerubatsiro rwemashoko, kana mvumo yakajeka yekuti mugadziri azvipe mazano zvichibva pakushandisa kwake.
• Material system, kunyanya kana cavity iri chikamu cheRF structure, apo Dk naDf zvepakati neprepreg zvese zvinopinda mukuverenga.
• Mutoro wemakanika. Kana chimwe chikamu chemuchina chichitakura zvinhu zviri mubhokisi, taura torque yefastener nekesi rekutakura zvinhu.
• Zvinodiwa zvekugamuchira. Kuti gomba rinofanira kuyerwa sei, uye kana cheki yacho iri kuchekwa nechikamu, nekuyera kwakarongeka, kana neRF test pabhodhi rapera.

Maitiro ekunyora magwaro eStackup uye manyorerwo azvo anotsanangurwa muPCB stackup design yedu , uye divi relaminate remubvunzo muongororo yedu yekuvaka laminate.

Mugadziri wePCB weCavity wePrototypes uye Production

Highleap inogona kutsigira mapurojekiti ekugadzira maPCB emukati umo geometry yemukati uye zvinhu zvakaunganidzwa zvinogona kuenzaniswa nenzira yekugadzira yakabvumiranwa. Tinoongorora maprototypes ePCB emukati pamwe nekubvunza nezvekugadzirwa, neruzivo rwekuongorora runodiwa rwakatsanangurwa tisati taburitsa. Chinangwa ndechekuona zviyero zvakakosha uye fungidziro dzemaitiro pakutanga—kwete kutaura nezvekushanda kwepocket generic iyo ingasasangana nezvinodiwa zvebhodhi rakapedzwa.

Paunenge uchikumbira mutengo wekugadzira PCB yemukati , sanganisira ukobvu hwebhodhi rakapedzwa, kureba nehupamhi hwemukati, kushivirira kudzika, nharaunda yekona, nzvimbo yemukati, zvinodiwa paganda rakavhurika uye huwandu. Kune magadzirirwo eRF PCB yemukati, tarisa nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa pasi, muganhu wesimbi uye chero zvinodiwa zvemagetsi zvakadzora kudzika kana kwemagetsi. Kune zvikamu zvekubvisa zvikamu, sanganisira dhizaini yezvikamu uye dhizaini yekubatanidza michina.

Highleap inogonawo kuongorora kuvakwa kwebhodhi rakakura kuburikidza nemasevhisi edu ekugadzira maPCB , nepo mapurojekiti anosanganisa maficha emukati neRF stackups dzinodawo kuongororwa kwesarudzo dzedu dzekugadzira maPCB dzinoitwa kakawanda. Tumira mafaira ako kuburikidza nechikumbiro chePCB quote uye ziva maficha emukati akakosha pakushanda.

• Pakeji yemutengo: Mafaira eGerber kana ODB++, mafaira ekuboorera, kuunganidzwa kwezvimedu, kudhirowa kwemukati kwakayerwa, kushivirira kudzika, huwandu uye zvinyorwa zvekuongorora zvinodiwa.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa Nezvekugadzirwa kweCavity PCB

Bhodhi remugodhi rinogona kubatanidzwa sebhodhi remazuva ese here?

Ehe, kana matehwe ari pamusoro pegomba akaramba aripo uye akati sandara zvakakwana kuti akwanise kuungana. Kana gomba rakavhurika pamusoro, nzvimbo yacho inoda rutsigiro rwemuchina kubva muchivako kana chifukidziro chakasiyana, uye mufananidzo wekubatana unofanira kutaura kudaro. Standard SMT yakanaka pamatehwe; gomba rinokanganisa miganhu yepamusoro yemhangura uko zvikamu zvinogona kuiswa.

Ko kutenderera kwegomba kunokanganisa mashandiro emagetsi emamwe mativi here?

Zvinogona. Mhangura inochekwa pamadziro epocket haisisiri nzira yemagetsi inoenderera mberi, uye chero jira riri pamusoro kana pasi pepocket rinoona mamiriro e dielectric akachinja. Kukanganiswa kwemagetsi kunoenderana ne geometry yejira rakakanganiswa, nzira yekudzoka-simba, frequency yesignal uye muganhu we cavity. RF uye magadzirirwo ekumhanya kwepamusoro anofanirwa kuongorora cavity iri mu electrical model pane kufunga kuti chinhu chacho ndeche mechanic chete.

Ndeipi mhedzisiro yenguva dzose yekutora zvinhu?

Kuvaka gomba kunowedzera mashandiro enzira, kutenderera kwechipiri kwelamination uye kuongororwa kwakawedzerwa padanho rega rega, saka rinowanzo taurwa serefu kupfuura bhodhi rakaenzana risina gomba. Nguva yakawedzerwa inoenderana nehuwandu hwematanho elamination uye kurongeka kwepaneru pane saizi yehomwe. Kana purogiramu yakatarwa, taura kudaro muRFQ, nekuti nzira yekushanda dzimwe nguva inogona kurongwa yakaipoteredza.

Unogona here kugadzira bhodhi rine maburi akavigwa kana kuti asina kuvharwa?

Ehe. Chinonetsa ndechekuti ma-vias anofanira kugara kure nemadziro ehomwe nekureba kwakakwana kuti arambe akaputirwa uye akafukidzwa mushure mekutenderera kwechipiri kwe-lamination, uye chero nzira inotarisirwa kugumira mukati megomba inofanira kutsanangurwa zvakajeka pane kusiiwa ichitsanangurwa.

Kudzika kwegomba kunosimbiswa sei?

Nekuyera bhodhi rakapedzwa, kazhinji nekuyera pasi pehomwe zvichienderana nepamusoro penzvimbo, uye pamuenzaniso nekucheka mativi. Kana kushivirira kudzika kwakakosha pakushanda kweRF yako, bvunza nzira yekuyera uye purani yemuenzaniso mukotesheni pane kungofungidzira.