Maitiro Ekuchenesa Flux Kubva paPCB: Nzira Yakakodzera yeRudzi Rwega RweFlux

Kuchenesa mvura kubva pabhodhi kunonzwika sekusakosha kusvika washandisa chinhu chisina kunaka pachinhu chisina kunaka wozopedzisira wava nePCB ine mhute, ine ngura, kana kuti yakatosvibiswa zvakanyanya. Maitiro ekuchenesa mvura kubva paPCB zvinoenderana nekuti chii chakashandiswa, nekuti rosin, residues dzinonyungudika mumvura, uye residues dzisina kuchena dzinopindura kune makemikari akasiyana zvachose. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura kuti nei residues dzichifanira kubuda pakutanga, kuti ungaziva sei flux yako, nzira nhanho nhanho yerudzi rumwe nerumwe, uye imwe chete apo danho rakangwara nderekusiya residues chete.

1. Nei Zvisaririra zveFlux Zvichifanira Kubuda

Flux iripo yekubvisa ma oxides kubva pasimbi kuitira kuti solder ikwanise kunyorovesa, uye kuti iite basa iroro inoshanda nemakemikari pakupisa kwekusonesa. Mushure mekuumbwa kwemajoini, zvinosara hazviwanzova zvisina njodzi.

Chii chaizvo chinoita kuti zvisaririra zviitike?

Zvichienderana nekuyerera kwemvura, marara anogona kukuvadza zvishoma kusvika zvakanyanya , achirwisa mhangura nemidziyo yesimbi zvishoma nezvishoma. Pasi pehunyoro uye kukanganiswa, anogona kukura madendrite anofambisa mvura pakati pemapedhi akanaka, zvichikonzera kubuda kwemvura uye zvikanganiso zvinogara zvichiitika. Zvinokanganisa kuongororwa kwebvunzo dzembambo , uye zvinodzivirira coating ye conformal kuti isanamire, saka marara akaputirwa anovhara dambudziko zvachose. Pamacircuit ane impedance yakawanda, high-voltage, uye RF, kunyange marara "asina kunaka" anogona kuchinja mashandiro. Ndosaka kuchena kuri chinhu chinodiwa mumabasa ekugadzira, kwete kunaka kwekushongedza.

Mafambiro ekushanda kweFlux akakosha semhando

Ma "fluxes" anorongwa zvichienderana nemabasa pasi peIPC J-STD-004 — semuenzaniso ROL0/ROL1 (rosin, low activity), ORH1 (organic, high activity), uye mamwe mazita akafanana mumhuri dzerosin, organic, uye inorganic. Kana basa racho rakawanda, kemikari yekuchenesa inofanira kubviswa zvine simba, uye hazvigamuchirwi kusiya zvasara pabhodhi. Zvasara zvisina kuchena zvinogona kunge zvakanaka zvikasiyiwa zviri zvega, nepo zvasara zvine high activity pabhodhi rimwe chete zvingava njodzi yekuvimbika — saka zita reJ-STD-004 re "flux", kwete rudzi rwaro rwakafara chete, rinotungamira kuti unofanira kuchenesa zvakaoma sei.

Makemikari asina kuchena iye zvino ari kutonga kugadzirwa kweSMT, asi zvinodiwa zvehutsanana zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera pane kudzikamisa sezvo mabhodhi achiderera uye achiwanda - uye musika wePCB assembly wakasvika pamadhora $103.6 bhiriyoni muna 2025, basa rakawanda racho riri nyore apo kusaririra pakati pemaconductors epedyo hakukanganwiki.

"Kukundikana kukuru kwemunda 'kwakavanzika' ndinotevera kudzokera kumashure kune zvakasara - bhodhi risina kumbocheneswa kusvika padanho raidiwa nependi kana circuit. Kuchena iinishuwarenzi isingadhuri; kudzingirira ngura kwaingadai kwakadzivirira hakusi."

— mainjiniya weSMT process

2. Ziva Flux Yako Kutanga: Rosin, Inonyungudika Mumvura, uye Isina Kuchena

Danho rimwe chete rinokosha pakuchenesa mvura kubva paPCB nderekuona mvura inoyerera, nekuti kemikari yezvisaririra ndiyo inotungamira muchenesi. Kushandisa mvura pane rosin residue, kana kusiya mvura inonyunguduka pabhodhi, zvese zvinoguma zvakaipa.

Kana usina chokwadi chekuti flux ipi iri pabhodhi, nzira yakachengeteka yekushandisa pakubatanidza flux yakasungirirwa nemaoko kana kuti pakugadzirisazve imuchina wekubvisa flux wakatsaurirwa kana kuti high-purity IPA, uye kunzwisisa kwakajeka kwemusiyano uripo pakati pe solder paste ne solder flux kuitira kuti uzive kuti uri kubata ne residue ipi.

Maitiro ekuziva kuti une flux ipi

Chinobva pachinhu chaicho ipepa re data re solder, paste, kana flux, iro rinotaura mhuri uye zita reJ-STD-004. Pakuona, rosin residue inowanzova amber, glossy, uye tackle; residue inonyungudika mumvura inowanzova chena kana yakajeka uye inowanzoonekwa pamitsetse yakawanda inoshandisa wash yemvura; isina kuchena inosiya firimu rakatetepa, rakajeka. Kana nhoroondo yacho isingazivikanwe - field return, joint yakagadzirwazve nemaoko, bhodhi risina zita - rinoonekwa serinogona kuvhurwa uye rakachena ne flux remover pane kufungidzira kuti harina njodzi.

3. Maitiro Ekuchenesa Kubuda KwePCB, Nhanho Nenhanho

Nzira iri pazasi inoshanda kune rosin uye ma residues asina kuchena neIPA kana flux remover; kune flux inonyungudika mumvura, tsiva wash yakabviswa ion panzvimbo pe solvent.

Maitiro acho

1. Dzima magetsi wobva wadzivirira. Bvisa magetsi uye bvisa kana kudzivirira zvikamu zvinonzwa hunyoro, mabhatiri, uye marelay asina kuvharwa kana maswichi.
2. Sarudza chinochenesa nerudzi rweflux. Isopropyl alcohol ine pureness yakanyanya kana chinobvisa flux chakatsaurirwa rosin uye chisina kuchena; mvura yakabviswa ion (ine saponifier kana zvichidikanwa) kuti inyungudike mumvura.
3. Isa uye kurutsa. Nyorovesa zvasara wozvishandisa nebhurashi rakapfava rinodzivirira static, uchifamba uchienda kune rimwe divi kuti usimudze zvasara pane kuzviputira; nzira yekugeza kana yekupfapfaidza inoshandiswa pakugadzira zvakawanda.
4. Sukurudza. Shamba nemvura yakachena inonyungudutsa kana kuti yakabviswa maayoni kuitira kuti zvasara zvakanyungudutswa zvitakurwe, kwete kudzoserwa panzvimbo yacho sehutsi.
5. Dry zvachose. Omesa nemhepo yakachena yakamanikidzwa uye, pazvinenge zvakakodzera, pisai nemoto usinganyanyi kupisa, kuitira kuti pasave neunyoro hwakavharirwa pasi pezvinhu zvacho.
6. Ongorora uye simbisa. Ongorora pasi pekukwidziridza, uye kana uchida bhodhi rakakosha, simbisa kuchena kwaro nekuyedza ionic (ROSE) kana ion-chromatography kwete nemaziso chete.

"Kuchena zvakakwana" kwakadini?

Kuchena mhedzisiro inoyerwa, kwete kutongwa kwemaziso. Chiyero chekare i ionic contamination (ROSE) test, iyo inonyungudutsa residue uye inoverenga nhamba imwe chete yakaenzana ne sodium-chloride - kare nhamba yekugamuchirwa yakaenzana ne 1.56 µg/cm². Kune zvinodiwa zvakanyanya kana zvemazuva ano, ion chromatography (IC) inoona uye inoyera mhando dzeionic (chloride, weak-organic-acid residues, nezvimwewo) zvichienderana ne per-ion limits, iyo inonyanya kuongorora kupfuura nhamba imwe chete yeROSE. Mabhodhi akavimbika zvakanyanya, chero chinhu chichave chakafukidzwa zvakafanana, uye dense fine-pitch assemblies zvinogara pamagumo akasimba emiganhu iyi, saka maitiro ekuchenesa anokodzera zvichienderana nenhamba iyo chigadzirwa chaicho chinodiwa.

4. Kusachena: Paunogona Kusiya

Kuyerera kusina kuchena kunogadzirwa kuitira kuti zvasara zvacho zvive zvisina njodzi uye zvinogona kuramba zviri mubhodhi, ndosaka zvichifarirwa - zvinobvisa danho rekuita. Asi "kusachena" imhando yezvasara, kwete mutemo, uye pane dzimwe nguva paunofanira kuzvichenesa zvakadaro.

Siya zvakasara zvisina kuchena kana mubatanidzwa wacho wakagadzirirwa zvese, zvakasara zvishoma, uye hapana chinozviisa pasi. Chenesa kana bhodhi riine mambure ane simba guru kana kuti ane voltage yakawanda , RF circuitry , tight fine-pitch spacing, conformal coating yekutevera (kunamatira kwemarara akasara), zvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekurapa kana zvemuchadenga , kana kuti cosmetic specification. Chikanganiso chekudzivisa kusanganisa makemikari - kuchenesa zvishoma zvakasara zvisina kuchena ne solvent isiriyo kunogona kuimutsa uye kusiya nyonganiso yakaipa kupfuura kusaita chero chinhu.

Panewo musungo wakaoma: masara asina kuchena akambopinda muchikamu chechipiri chekupisa - kuchinjika kana kubatwa - anogona kutsva kana kupararira, uye kana achena uye aine goko zvinova zvakaoma kubvisa uye zvinogona kukonzera kusakosha. Kana bhodhi risina kuchena rikaona chigadziko chitsva kana kuti jira rakafanana, ronga kuchenesa nzvimbo yakakanganiswa nechinhu chinobvisa flux pane kutarisira kuti masara acharamba asina njodzi kuburikidza nemaitiro aasina kumbobvira ashandiswa.

5. Kudzora Kuchenesa uye Kuchenesa paHighleap

Kudivi rekugadzira, kuchena mhedzisiro inodzorwa uye inoyerwa pane kungopukuta. PaHighleap tinobatanidza maitiro ekuchenesa PCB nemakemikari ekufambisa ari pabhodhi — solvent kana aqueous — tinoimhanyisa sedanho rakanyorwa, uye tinosimbisa mhedzisiro yacho tichienzanisa nezvinodiwa zvehutsanana zviri muIPC J-STD-001 uye IPC-A-610 standards, kusanganisira kuyedzwa kwehutsanana hweionic kwemabhodhi anoda izvozvo. Kana bhodhi rakabatanidzwa kuti rive nejira re conformal, tinochenesa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nejira kuti rinamate uye ridzivirire.

Kana chigadzirwa chako chine zvinodiwa zvekuchena, kuputira, kana kuvimbika — kana kuti uri kurwisa kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina — tiudze nezve flux uye mashandisirwo acho uye isu tichagadzira kuchenesa nekusimbisa maitiro acho. Kuti chigadzirwa chigadziriswe uye chigadzirwe, mainjiniya edu anochenesa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa pakugadzira.

Taura Nesu Nezve Zvinodiwa Pakuchena

6. Maitiro Ekuchenesa Flux Kubva paPCB Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Chii chakanakisa chekuchenesa flux kubva paPCB?

Kune rosin uye masara asina kuchena, isopropyl alcohol (90% kana kupfuura) kana muchina wekubvisa flux unoshanda zvakanaka. Kune flux inonyungudika mumvura (organic-acid), shandisa wash yakabviswa ionized water, dzimwe nguva ne saponifier. Muchenesi akakodzera anoenderana ne flux chemistry, saka tanga waona flux yacho.

Ndingashandisa isopropyl alcohol kubvisa flux here?

Ehe, kune rosin uye masara asina kuchena, isopropyl alcohol inzira yekuchenesa inoshanda uye inoshanda, zvichida 90% kana kupfuura yakachena inoshandiswa nebhurashi rakapfava rinodzivirira kusagadzikana. Haisi sarudzo yakakodzera yemvura inonyunguduka, iyo inoda kugezwa nemvura yakacheneswa.

Ndinofanira kuchenesa mvura isina kuchena here?

Kazhinji hapana — zvisaririra zvisina kuchena zvinogadzirwa kuti zvive zvisina njodzi uye zvinogona kugara pazvishandiso zvemazuva ese. Zvichenese kana bhodhi riine mambure ane simba guru kana kuti ane voltage yakawanda, RF circuitry, conformal coating yekutevedzera, zvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekucheneswa kwemuchadenga kana kwekurapa, kana kuti kucheneswa kweganda.

Sei dambudziko riri residue yeflux kana ndikaisiya yakabatidzwa?

Rosin yakakamurwa uye marara anonyungudika mumvura anogona kukonzera ngura uye anogona kukura madendrite anofambisa mvura pasi pehunyoro uye kutsveyama, zvichikonzera kubuda kwemvura uye zvikanganiso zvinogara zvichiitika. Marara anokanganisawo kuyedzwa kwemagetsi uye anodzivirira kumonereka kwe conformal kuti kunamire, saka anofanira kubviswa kana chimwe chezvinhu izvi chakaoma.

Ndingachenesa sei mvura inonyunguduka mumvura?

Mvura inonyungudika (organic-acid) inobviswa nekushambidzwa nemvura yakabviswa maion, kazhinji nesaponifier kuti ibatsire kuisimudza, yozoteverwa nekusukurudzwa kwakachena uye kuomeswa zvakanyanya. Usasiye zvakasara zvinonyungudika mumvura pabhodhi, nekuti zvinoshanda zvakanyanya uye zvinoparadza.

Ndingaziva sei kuti bhodhi rakachena zvechokwadi?

Kuongorora kwemaziso pasi pekukwidziridzwa kunobata masara akawandisa, asi pamabhodhi akakosha kuchena kunosimbiswa nekuyedzwa kwe ionic contamination (ROSE) kana ion chromatography, iyo inoyera masara e ionic contamination nemuganhu wakatsanangurwa pane kuvimba nechitarisiko.

Ndinogona here kuchenesa PCB nemuchina wekuchenesa we ultrasonic?

Ehe, kuchenesa kwe ultrasonic kunoshanda uye kwakajairika mukugadzirwa, asi kunofanira kushandiswa nokungwarira pamapuranga ane zvikamu zvinonzwa kana waya dzakapfava, sezvo simba re cavitation rinogona kukuvadza zvikamu zvisina kusimba. Ma process parameters anofanira kunge akakodzera kubatanidzwa.