ITEQ IT-988GSE PCB ye56G/112G Channel Loss Control

ITEQ IT-988GSE inofanira kusarudzwa kubva mubhajeti rechiteshi rakayerwa, kwete kubva pane aggregate label iri pa switch, router, storage system, kana backplane . "400G" hairatidze mwero wenzira, modulation, mwero wechiratidzo, kureba kwenzira, connector count, package loss, via topology, copper profile, equalization, kana permissional insertion loss. Zvigadzirwa zviviri zvine front-panel bandwidth yakafanana zvinogona kuisa zvinodiwa zvakasiyana paPCB.

ITEQ inoisa IT-988GSE muchikamu senzira yekurasikirwa zvakanyanya, ine Tg yakawanda, isina halogen uye prepreg uye parizvino ine Drk 3.21 neDf 0.0014 yekuenzanisa kwakataurwa kwe10 GHz, 70% resin-content. Kuburitswa kwechigadzirwa chekutanga kwakaratidzawo girazi reDk shoma, kuwanikwa kwemhangura yakaderera, data rates inodarika 56 Gbps pachiteshi chimwe nechimwe, Tg pamusoro pe230°C, uye kuwedzera kwakaderera. Hunhu uhwu hunokosha chete mushure mekunge kusawirirana kukuru uye manyuko ekurasikirwa neconductor anzwisiswa.

Sei Bhodhi Rese re100G, 400G, kana 800G Risingade IT-988GSE?

Kugadzira Aggregate Ethernet itsananguro yesystem, kwete specification ye laminate. Kadhi pfupi rine connector imwe chete rinogona kuva ne margin yakawanda pane chinhu chisingadhuri, nepo nzira refu ye orthogonal backplane ine connectors dzakawanda uye dzakawanda kuburikidza ne transitions inogona kuganhurirwa kurasikirwa ne lane rate yakafanana. Sarudzo inofanira kuitwa panzira yega yega yemagetsi uye pakirasi yega yega ye routing.

Kuenzanisa uku kunonyanya kukosha nePAM4. Nzira ye112 Gb/s PAM4 inowanzo shanda pedyo ne56 GBd, saka frequency yayo yeNyquist inenge 28 GHz—yakafanana nenzira ye56 Gb/s NRZ—asi PAM4 inoshandisa amplitude levels ina uye haina vertical eye margin yakawanda. Izvi zvinoita kuti ruzha, crosstalk, reflection, uye loss management zvive zvakaoma kunyangwe kana Nyquist frequency isina kupetwa kaviri. Pa224 Gb/s PAM4, symbol rate uye requirement range zvinokwira zvakare, zvichiwedzera kukosha kwe high-frequency construction data chaiyo uye low-profile copper.

Purojekiti inoshanda inoronga nzira muzvikamu zvemhuri—pfupi dziri muchikepe, dzepakati nepakati, refu kubva pakadhi kuenda pakadhi, refu kupfuura dzose—uye inoshandisa muunganidzwa wakaipisisa wemhuri yega yega. IT-988GSE inogona kungonzi yakarurama chete pamhando refu kupfuura dzose kana kuti pamatanho akasarudzwa chete. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kunogona kuwedzera mari pasina kugadzirisa dambudziko.

Deredzai Budget Yekurasikirwa Nechiteshi Musati Masarudza Zvinhu

Bhajeti rekurasikirwa rinofanira kunge riri bhuku, kwete curve imwe chete yekupinza-kurasikirwa isina muridzi. Kamura chiteshi kuita mapakeji, zvikamu zvePCB, mavias, maconnector, AC-coupling structures, nezvimwe zvinoshanduka. Isa mamodheru, tembiricha, uye shanduko yekugadzira kubhuroko rega rega. Chinangwa ndechekuona kuti ndechipi chikamu chechiteshi chinodya margin uye kuti ndechipi shanduko yedhizaini inogona kuchidzosa.

Shandisa zviratidzo zvakakodzera zvema frequency

Nyquist frequency inzvimbo inobatsira yekutarisa, asi chiteshi hachina miganhu yebhendi chaiyo paNyquist. Harmonics uye maitiro ekuenzanisa zvinoita kuti kurasikirwa kwekudzoka, kupinza-kurasikirwa kweslope, crosstalk, uye mode conversion zvive zvakakosha pamusoro pazvo. Bandwidth yekuongorora uye test fixture zvinofanirwa kuenderana neprotocol uye nzira yekutevedzera SerDes. Dzivisa kuenzanisa zvinhu pane imwe datasheet frequency iri nyore kana chiteshi chechiteshi chikapfuura ipapo.

Kurasikirwa kwe dielectric uye kondakita kwakasiyana

Df yakaderera inonyanya kuderedza kurasikirwa kwe dielectric. Haibvisi zvakananga kurasikirwa kwe conductor kunokonzerwa nema "traces" akatetepa, copper yakatetepa, surface roughness, kana high current crowding. Shandisa field solver kana assurance loss model inosanganisira copper profile uye treatment. Kana copper yakakombama kana "female impedance geometry" zvikanyanya, kuchinja kuita IT-988GSE kunogona kudzoreredza mari shoma pane zvaitarisirwa.

Kupatsanurwa uku kwakakoshawo pakuenzanisa makuponi ekuyedza. Kuvandudzika kwakayerwa kunogona kubva mu resin/girazi system uye copper foil yakashandiswa pamuenzaniso. Nyora foil chaiyo, oxide kana imwe nzira yekurapa, ukobvu hwe copper hwakapedzwa, girazi style, uye trace geometry kuitira kuti mhedzisiro isataridzwe kumhuri ye laminate chete.

Gadzirisa Topology Usati Wabhadhara Lower Df

Chikanganiso chinodhura zvikuru kushandisa chinhu chinorasikirwa zvakanyanya kudzoserwa kudzoserwa kudzoserwa kwesimba (ultra-low-loss material) kutsiva discontinuity yaigona kubviswa mu layout. Resonant via stub kana connector launch isina kunaka inogona kukonzera dambudziko re deep notch uye return-loss iro Df yakaderera isingachachinji zvakanyanya. Saizvozvowo, split reference plane kana distant return via zvinogona kukonzera mode conversion uye crosstalk isina chekuita ne dielectric's bulk loss tangent.

1. Bvisa shanduko dzinodzivisika dzemachira. Nzira dzekufambisa nzira dzakareba kupfuura dzose uchishandisa peya imwe chete ine layer shoma kana zvichibvira uye chengetedza reference plane ichienderera mberi.
2. Kudzora kuburikidza nematanda. Shandisa backdrill, blind/buried vias, kana optimized layer assignment; sanganisira drill wander uye residual-stub tolerance mumodeli.
3. Gadzirisa BGA uye connector inotanga. Gadzirisa mapedhi, antipad, breakout, reference-via placement, uye nzvimbo dziri pedyo uchishandisa stackup chaiyo.
4. Deredza huwandu hwezvinobatanidza kana kuti wedzera kirasi yezvinobatanidza. Kuvandudzwa kwezvinhu hakugone kudzoreredza kurasikirwa kwese uye kuratidzwa kubva pakubatanidza kusina kukodzera.
5. Rondedzera chimiro chemhangura. Tevedzera foil uye mushonga wakagadzirirwa kugadzirwa; usafunge kuti label yega yega ye "VLP" inomiririra nzvimbo imwe chete.
6. Verengazve muganho wakasara. Chete mushure mekuchinja uku, chikamu chezvinhu chinofanira kuomeswa nechando.

Kwakaiswa IT-988GSE Pakati Pezvinhu Zvinoshanda

Kugadzika kwezvinhu kunofanirwa kuratidza kuvakwa kwakazara uye nzira, kwete nhamba imwe chete yeDf. IT-968G inogona kuva sarudzo yakakwana yekushanda kune inosvika pakati nepakati; IT-988GSE inopinda mukirasi ine kurasikirwa kwakaderera uchishandisa girazi reDk low; Panasonic MEGTRON 7N inopa puratifomu yakasimbiswa ine layer/large-format ine data rekuvaka; MEGTRON 8 nemhuri itsva dzinonangana nenzvimbo dzekutumira dzinoda kudiwa. Mazita acho haachinjiki, uye kuenzanisa kwakaringana kunofanira kushandisa resin yakafanana, girazi remhando, frequency, copper profile, trace geometry, uye nzira yekuyedza.

Kuenzanisa kwakarurama kunowanzo kuverengera mutengo wepamusoro-soro. Sanganisira mutengo we laminate ne prepreg, copper option, panel utilizing, lamination complexity, qualification, test, yield, rework risk, uye supply-chain availability. Chinhu chinodhura zvishoma pa square meter chinogona kuderedza mutengo wesystem kana chikabvisa retimer, chikapfupisa kukura, kana kuvandudza goho. Kusiyana neizvi, premium laminate inoparadza kana nzira pfupi kana yakagadziriswa ichichengetedza margin yakawanda.

Bvisa Stackup seChiteshi cheModhi

Kune bhodhi reIT-988GSE, stackup inomhanyisa inoiswa mumodhi yechiteshi uye ine hunyanzvi hwekugadzira hunodzorwa. Inofanira kuratidza zvivakwa zvepakati chaipo uye zvepamberi, huwandu hwe resin, ukobvu hwakacheneswa, dhizaini yegirazi, chimiro che copper foil, kurapwa, ukobvu hwe copper hwakapedzwa, plating, uye layer reference. Tafura yakajairika ine "IT-988GSE, 4 mil" haina kukwana kune field solver kana fekitori.

Kugoverwa kwezvikamu

Isa ma "differential pairs" akareba uye anonyanya kunzwa pa "layers" anoderedza kurasikirwa kwe "dielectric" ne "conductor" uku uchichengetedza "stable reference". Ma "traces" akafara anowanzo deredza kurasikirwa kwe "conductor", asi hupamhi huripo hunodzorwa ne "escape density", "impedance", uye "crosstalk". Saka "stackup" inofanira kugadziriswa kuti ikwanise kurasikirwa uye "routing density" pane kuti ibve pa "fixed 50-ohm geometry".

Kuruka nekucheka girazi

Girazi reLow-Dk haribvisi anisotropy ine chekuita nekuruka. Mapeya akasiyana anogona kusangana nekutsveyama kana matraces maviri akaedza kugoverwa kwakasiyana kwe resin/girazi. Girazi rakapararira, kona yenzira, traces dzakafara, avhareji yekubatanidza pairi, uye sarudzo yekuvaka zvinogona kuderedza njodzi. Simbisa maitiro chaiwo egirazi uye kurongeka kwepaneru; usashandise mutemo we "nzira pa10 degrees" usingafungi nezvekuiswa uye kugona kugadzirwa.

Impedance inongova imwe chete nzira yekugamuchirwa

Makuponi maviri anogona kusangana ne100-ohm differential impedance ukuwo aine insertion loss uye phase dzakasiyana. Impedance control inosimbisa ratio ye inductance uye capacitance, asi hairatidze low conductor roughness, correct Df, low mode conversion, kana resonances inogamuchirika. Long-channel releases inofanira kuwedzera zvinodiwa zveS-parameter kana protocol-relevant coupon.

Kudzora Kugadzira Kwemachiteshi Marefu Anomhanya Nekukurumidza

IT-988GSE yakagadzirirwa kuti ienderane nekugadzirwa kwepamusoro-soro kwe multilayer, asi hurongwa hwekugadzira huchiri kuda kudzorwa kwakasimba kwe lamination, kufamba kwe dimensional, drilling, desmear, plating, backdrill , uye copper treatment. Kuwanda kwe layer uye fomati hombe zvikanganiso zvekunyoresa uye ukobvu, nepo deep backdrill zvichiita kuti kudzora residual-stub uye drill wander kuve kwakaoma.

Kugadziriswa kwemhangura kunofanirwa kuongororwa zvakajeka. Maitiro anosarudzwa chete kuti pave nesimba guru rekubviswa kwemhangura anogona kuwedzera kurasikirwa kwemuchina wekufambisa simbi zvakanyanya. Mugadziri wesimbi nemutengesi welaminate vanofanira kubvumirana pakugadzirisa kwemukati-kwe-kurasa kwakaderera kuchiri kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekunamatira uye kuvimbika. Chero shanduko mumutengesi wefoil kana kemikari yekurapa inofanira kukonzera hukama pa coupon imwe chete.

Kudzora panel-to-panel uye kutonga kwe lot-to-lot

Chivakwa chezvikwaniriso chinofanira kusanganisira mapaneru akawanda uye, kana zvichibvira, zvinhu zvakawanda. Paneri rimwe chete regoridhe rinogona kuvanza musiyano. Enzanisa kurasikirwa kwekuisa, impedance, zviyero zvemasara, ukobvu hwe dielectric, uye zviyero zvakakosha munzvimbo dzese dzepaneru. Isa miganhu yekudzora kubva mukugoverwa kwezvigadzirwa kwete kubva pamhedzisiro imwe chete.

Maitiro Ekuita Kuti Nyaya Yekutanga Ikodzere

Nyaya yekutanga inofanira kuratidza kuti nzira yakagadzirwa, stackup yakaburitswa, uye maitiro efekitori zviri kutsanangura chigadzirwa chimwe chete chaicho. Kusimbiswa kwenzira kunoenderana neprotocol, asi kazhinji kunosanganisira humbowo hwehukuru, TDR, S-parameters, uye—kana zviripo—SerDes kana mota yekuedza kutevedzera mitemo.

• Mushumo wekuunganidza zvinhu wakagadzirwa sewakavakwa: ukobvu hwe dielectric nemhangura hwakapedzwa, girazi, resin, foil, plating, uye nzvimbo yepaneru.
• Zvikamu zvinoyambuka madziro kuburikidza ne backdrill: kunaka kwebharero, kubata mapedhi, stub yasara, drill offset, uye kugoverwa kweplating.
• TDR: chimiro che impedance uye kusagadzikana kwenzvimbo panzira dzinomiririra.
• Kurasikirwa kwekuisa/kudzosa: maS-parameter akasiyana-siyana pabandwidth yakatarwa nekubvisa kana kubvisa embedding yakanyorwa.
• Kushandurwa kwemodhi uye kutaura kwakabatana: Mashoko eSdc/Scc kana miganhu inoenderana neprotocol yemaumbirwo anomiririra.
• Kuwirirana kwemakuponi akareba akawanda: inoparadzanisa kurasikirwa kwekutanga kubva pakurasikirwa kwemutsetse wakapararira uye inovandudza kuiswa kwemodheru.
• Kuongororwa kwemaziso kana kutevedzera mitemo yemuviri: inosimbisa kuti equalization, package, connector, uye PCB zvinoshanda pamwe chete ne margin.
• Kuongorora zvakatipoteredza: hukama hwetembiricha kana hunyoro kana chirongwa chekushandisa uye chekuongorora chichida izvozvo.

Kana kurasikirwa kwemutsetse wakayerwa kwakasiyana nekuenzanisa, usagadzirisa Df usingafungi. Tarisa modhi yeprofile yemhangura, saizi yetrace yakapedzwa, ukobvu hwe dielectric, kubviswa kwe launch, maitiro egirazi, kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo, uye test fixture. "Effective Df" yakaiswa ku coupon imwe inogona kuvanza zvikanganiso zve conductor kana fixture uye inogona kusaendeswa kune imwe geometry.

Mutauro weRFQ weIT-988GSE

RFQ inofanira kuita kuti magadzirirwo echiteshi aonekwe zvakakwana kuti mugadziri ape pfungwa yekuunganidza zvinhu zvinogadzirwa pasina kuburitsa pachena ruzivo rusina basa rwesystem yacho. Inofanirawo kutsanangura humbowo hunodiwa kune chero chinhu chakaenzana.

Muti Wekusarudza Kuvandudza Zvinhu

1. Ko nzira yakaipisisa inosangana nemasiki ayo pakuvaka kwakachipa uye kwakakodzera here nemutengo wakaderera uye hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa? Kana hongu, usagadzirise nekuti chigadzirwa chacho chinonzi 400G kana 800G chete.
2. Kukundikana kuri panzvimbo here pa via, connector, package breakout, kana return-path discontinuity? Kana hongu, gadzirisa topology usati wachinja dielectric.
3. Kurasikirwa kwakapararira kwemutsetse wakatwasuka ndiko kunonyanya kukonzera kusaririra uku here? Kana zvisina kudaro, kuchinja kwezvinhu kunogona kunge kusina zvakunobatsira.
4. Ko chimiro chemhangura, chimiro chetrace geometry, uye kugadziriswa kwemukati mechikamu zvakagadziriswa here? Kana kwete, tanga waongorora shanduko idzodzo.
5. Ko IT-968G kana imwe mhando yekudzikira zvishoma inopfuura nebhendi revarindi here? Kana hongu, enzanisa mutengo wehupenyu hwese uye gwara renzira usati wasarudza IT-988GSE.
6. Ko IT-988GSE inopfuura nemutengo uripo here pachikamu chinogadzirwa? Kana hongu, misa hurongwa hwekuvaka nehwekufanirwa.
7. Ko nzira iyi inoda nzira dze224G-class kana kuti dzinosvika kure here? Enzanisa MEGTRON 8, mhuri itsva dzeITEQ, kana mamwe masisitimu ane kurasikirwa kwakaderera uchishandisa data rinoenderana nefrequency uye mota dzekuyedza dzakafanana.

Muti uyu wesarudzo unodzivirira zvese kusagadzirwa zvakanaka uye kuwedzeredzwa kwekugadzirwa. Zvakabuda zvinofanira kunge zviri chikonzero chakanyorwa: kirasi ipi yenzira yaida zvinhu zvacho, muganhu wazvakawana, ndedzipi dzimwe nzira dzakaongororwa, uye humbowo hwekugadzira huchadzivirira muganhu iwoyo.

Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa Nemainjiniya NezveProjekiti

Ko IT-988GSE inogona here kununura chiteshi chine notch hombe ye via-stub?

Kazhinji hazvishande zvakanaka. Kurasikirwa ne dielectric yakaderera kunogona kuvandudza kuderedzwa kwe baseline, asi resonant stub inyaya yekusagadzikana kwenzvimbo. Backdrill, layer reassignment, blind/buryed vias, kana kuburikidza ne redesign ndiyo mushonga wakananga.

Ko VLP copper inosungirwa here?

Kwete semutemo wepasi rose, asi chimiro chemhangura chinofanira kunge chiri chikamu chemuenzaniso neRFQ. Pama frequency akakwira, foil yakaoma inogona kushandisa mukana wakakwana kuti isabatsire resin system. Sarudza foil ine chimiro chakaderera inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekunamatira, kuwanikwa, uye kuvimbika.

Ko layer yega yega inofanira kushandisa IT-988GSE here?

Hazvisi hazvo nguva dzose. Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa kana kuti zvinhu zvinokurumidza kushandiswa zvinogona kudhura zvishoma, asi hybrid lamination inounza njodzi dzekugadzirisa, CTE, flow, registration, uye warpage. Kuvaka kwakazara kunofanirwa kuve kwakakodzera.

Chii chinoratidza kuti sarudzo yezvinhu ndiyo chaiyo?

Modhi yechiteshi yakaipisisa yakabatana neS-parameters yakayerwa pakugadzirwa kwakaburitswa, ichiteverwa nesystem-level eye kana mhedzisiro yekutevedzera nebhendi rekuchengetedza kugadzirwa. Kukosha kwedatasheet chete hakukwani.

IT-988GSE inofanira kuenzaniswa sei neMEGTRON 7N kana MEGTRON 8?

Shandisa target stackup imwe chete, girazi style kana equivalent construction, copper profile, trace geometry, frequency range, launch, uye test method. Sanganisira supply, panel availability, process knowledge, UL/compliance needs, thermal reliability, uye roadmap—kwete Df chete.

Saka kukosha kweinjiniya kweIT-988GSE kwakanangana uye kunoyerwa: kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwechiteshi chakapararira mukubatanidza kwakagadzirwa zvakanaka uye kwakasimba. Inofanira kubatwa sechinhu chimwe chete chinodzorwa chechiteshi chinobatanidza ma "package-to-package", kwete sechinhu chinotsiva chinzvimbo che "disciplinary topology" uye "validation".

Mareferensi emugadziri uye manotsi ekuburitsa

Malink ari pazasi anonyora nzvimbo yeITEQ iri pamusoro pe56-Gbps uye data rekuenzanisa reveruzhinji razvino, nemapeji ePanasonic anowanikwa chete kuti aongororwe muganhu wetier. Kusarudzwa kwekupedzisira kwezvinhu kunofanirwa kushandisa nzira dzekuyedza dzakafanana uye data rekuvaka rinodzorwa rinopihwa kune chaiyo core, prepreg, girazi, uye copper system.

• Ruzivo rwekutanga kweITEQ IT-988G/IT-988GSE
• Kuenzanisa kweITEQ kwezvinhu zviripo iye zvino-mhuri
• Peji yemhuri yePanasonic MEGTRON 7 yekuenzanisa mativi akasiyana
• Peji yemhuri yePanasonic MEGTRON 8 yekuenzanisa nzira