Yakajairwa PCB Kukundikana Modes uye Mabatiro Atinoaita

PCBs dzave nheyo dzinokosha kune vese vatengi uye maindasitiri emagetsi. Nekudaro, aya akaomesesa, akawanda-tekinoroji modules anokokawo kukanganisa kunobva kune yakaoma nzira yekugadzira, inonetsa yechikamu nzira dzekubatanidza, hutsinye hwekushanda nharaunda, uye nyore kupfeka nekufamba kwenguva. kuchembera. 

Pasina kushingairira kutonga kwemhando uye kusimbiswa kwemaitiro, kukanganisa kwakadzikama kana kuderera kwakanyanya kunogona kukurumidza kushandura kusarudzika kwekugadzira kuita njodzi yekutadza nzira inokonzeresa kudzoka kwevatengi kunotyisa, mari yewaranti inodhura, kusvibisa zita, uye kurasikirwa kwekutengesa.

Gwaro iri rakazara rinoongorora nzira dzakanyanya kupararira dzePCB dzekutadza, kwakabva kuremara, nzira dzekuongorora, zviito zvekugadzirisa, uye nzira dzekudzikisa kusimba reinjiniya uye zvikwata zvekushanda nekuziva kunodiwa kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwechigadzirwa.

Chiyero chePCB Kushandisa uye Associated Kukundikana Njodzi

Mapuranga edunhu akadhindwa anogara pakati pechinenge mudziyo wese wemagetsi. Kudiwa kwakawedzera mumakore achangopfuura, nekutengesa kwepasi rose kwePCB kuri kuwedzera pamusoro pemadhora 3.7 bhiriyoni pagore kubva 2010 kuti ipfuure mabhiriyoni makumi manomwe neshanu emadhora kubva muna 75 maererano neindasitiri yemubatanidzwa data.

Ichi chikero chikuru chinoshandura kuita mabhiriyoni emaPCB muhukuru hwakasiyana-siyana hwezvishandiso zvinoramba zvichishushikana pasi pemakumi ezviuru emagetsi, simba, tembiricha, kuzunguzika uye mamwe mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza pamwe nekuchembera kusingadzivisike. Kunyangwe minuscule defect rates ichiri kuunganidza mavhoriyamu ekutadza.

Nekutarisa mune zvakajairwa kutadza kwakabva, mitemo yekudzivirira ine musoro, nzira dzekuongorora dze pragmatic, uye maitiro anoshanda ekugadzirisa, vagadziri vanowana akawedzera emhando yemhando inoderedza mari nekuchengetedza zviitiko zvevatengi.

PCB Kutadza Tsanangudzo, Impact, uye Diagnosis Matambudziko

Bhodhi redunhu rakatadza kudhindwa harichaite zvarinoda zvakaringana nekuda kwenjodzi yemagetsi mashorts, anovhura, kana kunze-kwe-kushivirira kuita maererano nezvakatemwa. Kukundikana kwechinguvana kunomiririra chikamu chinotyisa chekugadzirisa dambudziko.

Iyo yekutadza mashini uye midzi inokonzeresa inogona kugara muPCB pachayo kana zvakabatanidzwa senge zvinobatanidza, waya zvisungo, uye solder majoini. Zvisinei, kushanda uye kukanganisa kwehupfumi kunowedzera nekukurumidza sezvo bhodhi rakakundikana zvichida rinoita subsystem yakakosha mukati mechigadzirwa chikuru zvakare chakakanganiswa.

Kusiyana ne discrete semiconductor chikamu kukundikana zviri pachena kunowanikwa uchishandisa yakakosha yekuongorora michina, yakaoma PCB kuvaka kwakaomeswa ne miniaturized, akawanda-layer SMD wedunhu mapaketi anokanganisa kukanganisa kuri nyore kuzviparadzanisa pasina X-ray maturusi. Ichi chipingamupinyi chinoda kumberi dhizaini yekufungidzira inogonesa testable.

Yakakosha PCB Kukundikana Zvikamu zvine Mavambo uye Dziviriro Strategies

Plating Voids

Spotty metal deposition mukati yakaputirwa nemaburi-maburi inounza kukurumidza kuvhurika pasi pezvinopisa kana kudzvinyirirwa kushushikana sekuenderera kusingaenzaniswi uye kunamira kunomutsa kutyoka. Dziviriro inzvimbo pazvinodzora kusvibiswa, kusimudzira kwakakodzera kwecatalyst, kugovaniswa kwemhangura yakafanana, uye madziro egomba akatsetseka.

Insufficient Edge Clearances

Kusanyanya kutaramuka pakati pemaronda emhangura nemadziro ebhodhi kunogona kukonzera kupfupika kwemvura kana kukuvara kwekubata zvinhu zvichienderana nekutetepa kwejira rekudzivirira . Mitemo yekudzivirira nzvimbo pamwe nekuongorora kwakakwana kweDFM kunodzivirira zvikanganiso zvakadaro.

Cold Solder & Mamwe Majoint Defects

Kuyerera kusina kukwana, kufamba kusingagumi, kusvibiswa, kana kutama kwenguva refu kwezvinhu zvinokanganisa kubatanidzwa kwakakosha pakufambisa kwesimba uye kusaina kuvimbika. Kugadziriswa kwemaitiro, kuvandudzwa kwezvinhu, kudzidziswa, uye kuongorora zvinyorwa zvinosimbisa kunaka kwegungano.

Etching-Related Copper Slivers

Redeposited simbi zvimedu bhiriji zvisina hukama makondakita kana kupinda mukati kuti agone kugonesa mapfupi maseketi kubva pakaiswa condensation kana voltages inodarika zvikumbaridzo zvekudzivirira. Tight pateni density control inoperekedzwa neakawanda ehasha yekuwachisa inoderedza hurema.

Exposed Inter-Pad Copper

Kukwegura, kukweshana, kana kusakwana kwema mask ekusonesa panguva yekugadzira zvinobvisa zvinhu zvakakosha zvinodzivirira kupatsanura ma landing pads ari pedyo anogona kukanganiswa nehunyoro hwezvakatipoteredza kana electrical arcing. Kureba kwema mask dam pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwema mask kunobatsira.

Zvimwe Zvakajairwa PCB Risk Factors

• Acute etching agent entrapments
• Electromagnetic interference
• Substandard components
• Thermal strains kumativi ose
• Material tsvina & dendrites

Nekuona nzira dzakanyanya kutadza dzePCB dzinowanzo wedzera huwandu hwekufa kwevacheche uye nekungoerekana dzikamisa hupenyu hwekushanda, mainjiniya anogona kukoshesa matanho ekuderedza akanangana nekusasimba ikoko nemhedzisiro yakanyanya.

Kushandisa Nzira dzekuongorora dzeKutanga PCB Defect Detection

Sezvo bhodhi rega rega rinogadzirwa richishandisa zvakakosha zvinhu uye mutengo wevashandi, nekukurumidza kuona zvese zvinooneka zvikanganiso zvegungano uye yakavanzika yakavanzika kukuvadzwa kubva mukukanganisika maitiro ekudzora anobatsira kubereka nekugadzirisa kana kukwenya mabhodhi akashata kare ichipawo mhinduro yekuvandudza goho.

X-ray imaging inomira yakaparadzana seyakanyanya kukosha nzira yekuongorora inopihwa kupinda kunopfuura kusvikika zviri nyore nzvimbo dzekunze kuratidza zviri pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu. Kushaya chiono chakadai, mainjiniya anoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzepragmatic:

Kuongorora Zviso - Mwenje wakajeka, kukura, uye kujairana kwemapatani zvinobatsira kuona zvinhu zvisipo kana zvisina kumira zvakanaka, kukuvara kwemavanga, kuchinja kweruvara, majoini asina kugadzikana uye kukanganiswa kwebhodhi.

Kuongorora X-Ray - Maburi emukati me solder akavharwa, maburi, kusvibiswa, kupatsanurwa kwezvikamu zvezvinhu, uye mapfupa akavanzika zvinoita seasina kujeka pasi pekuongororwa kweX-ray kana tichienzanisa nezvinhu zvakakomberedza zvakasungwa zvakanaka.

Kuongorora Maziso - Makamera ane resolution yepamusoro anogadzira ma "digital recognition geometry", nzvimbo dzezvikamu, uye nhamba dze "textual serial" kuti aratidze otomatiki kusiyana kubva ku "computer aided manufacturing data" (CAM) kuburikidza ne "pattern matching algorithms" pasi pe "production tempos" dzakaoma.

Kuedzwa Kwemagetsi - Pane kuongorora zvivakwa zvemuviri, maprobe ekuyedza e-in-circuit anoshandisa magetsi mambure akabatana ane masaini anochinja-chinja uku achitarisa zvinobuda uye zviyero zvekushanda zvakaita sema currents, voltages, frequency, uye modulation patterns kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa.

Nekuisa iyo yekutarisisa resipi yekufananidza mutengo uye kugona kukoshesa nekusagadzikana kwechimwe chigadzirwa, vagadziri vanosimbisa zvinoenderana zvemhando.

Pfupiso yeKururamisa Matanho Kupindura kune PCB Kukanganisa

Hapana huwandu hwekugadzira, kugadzirisa kana kuongorora kusvinura kunopa goho rakakwana rekugadzira pasina kupokana kunopokana kunotiza kuonekwa kumunda. Kugadzirisa nyaya nenzira kwayo kunochengetedza kuenderera mberi kwekushanda.

Kugadzirisa - Nyanzvi dzine hunyanzvi dzinoshandisa masimbi ekugadzira madiki, maheater nezvimwe zvishandiso zvakaoma kubvisa zvinhu zvisina kunaka uye kuzadza mapuranga zvakare nekutsiva kwadzoserwa pakushanda mushure mekuyedzwa kwakakura.

Kugadzirisa Matambudziko - Pane kurasa pakarepo, nzira dzakadzama dzekuparadzanisa zvikanganiso dzinosanganisira kupinza magetsi, kupenda kwekupisa uye masiginecha emagetsi zvinoratidza mavambo ekukundikana uye nzira dzinoratidza mafambiro akakura ekuvandudza huwandu hwevanhu.

Kugadziriswa kweDhizaini - Pamatambudziko anodzokororwa anoteverwa nehurongwa hwemadunhu emumucheto kana ekunzwisisa, kugadziriswa kwebhodhi kunowedzera kugadzirisa mavalue ezvikamu, upamhi hwetrace, ma layer stackups, uye ma performance guardbands kusimbisa kusimba.

Kugadzirisa Maitiro - Kuchinja maparamita ezvakatipoteredza senge nzvimbo dzekupisa, kumhanya kwekutakura, kumanikidzwa kwelamination, kana makemikari zvinoshandura zvigadzirwa kuti zvideredze zvinokonzeresa zvikanganiso.

Kubatanidzwa Kwevatengesi - Kuferefeta kwezvikonzero zvekushandisa pamwe chete kunosanganisira nyanzvi dze substrate, vagadziri vemakemikari, nyanzvi dzekugadzira, uye nyanzvi dzemidziyo kunounza maonero akasiyana-siyana achiratidza mikana yekuvandudza zvinhu.

Kugadzirisa - Muzviitiko apo kugadzirisa patsva kunononoka, mamwe mamodule makuru anobvumira kugadziriswa kwakanangana, kumanikidzwa, kana kuwedzerwa kudzoreredza mashandiro emidziyo nekukurumidza uye zvakachipa pane kutsiva zvachose kana kuora kwacho kukaramba kuri munzvimbo yako.

Nekuisa iyo yakakwana yekudzoreredza nzira yakanangana neakakanganisa maprofiles, mukana, uye nenjodzi dzepasi, vagadziri vanotsigira fekitori nemunda kudzoka metrics inodarika matanhatu sigma emhando yepamusoro mabhenji anoratidza kuenderera mberi kwete kumira.

mhedziso

Husina hurema, kutadza-immune yakadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi anoenderana nekuwedzera kuwedzera mashandiro emagetsi zvinodiwa uku kuenderana nemitengo yevatengi kunoramba kusinganzwisisike kunyangwe herculean kuedza kutsanangudza, zvitupa zvemhando, uye maitiro ezvirango zvinocheka zvikamu pamiriyoni yakakanganisika mitengo kusvika parizvino isinganzwisisike madhijiti imwe chete.

Mamiriro ezvehupfumi anomanikidza kubvuma zvimwe zviitiko zvekutadza zvishoma kuburikidza nekudzikamisa njodzi pane kudzingirira kukwana kwakakwana nemhindu dzisina basa nemitengo isingaenzaniswi. Panzvimbo iyoyo, mitemo yekudzivirira ine musoro inonangana nekusagadzikana kunozivikanwa kunotongwa nekuomarara kwakanyanya uye mukana, pamwe nekukasira kwemukati maprotocol anocherekedza kukuvadzwa kuburikidza nekuteerera, anoshanda zvakanyanya kuwedzera chibereko uye kuvimbika.