PPAP yePCB Manufacturing Folder Checklist

Maitiro Ekubvumidza Zvikamu Zvekugadzira (PPAP) anopa hurongwa hwakajairika hwekusimbisa kuti mutengesi webhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa anogona kugadzira zvikamu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi nguva dzose. Pakutanga yakagadzirirwa cheni dzezvipenyu zvemotokari, PPAP yave kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwePCB kwezvishandiso zvemuchadenga, zvekurapa, uye zvemaindasitiri. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura chimwe nechimwe chinhu chePPAP, rinotsanangura kuti PPAP yakasiyana sei neFirst Article Inspection, uye rinopa chimiro chinoshanda cheforodha chekuronga magwaro. Ungave uri mainjiniya wekutenga kana maneja wemhando yepamusoro, referensi iyi ichakubatsira kufamba nezvinodiwa nePPAP uye kugadza zvinotarisirwa zvakajeka nevaunoshanda navo mukugadzira.

Zviri Mukati

1. Chii chinonzi PPAP uye nei ichikosha kune maPCB?
2. Zvinhu gumi nemasere zvePPAP zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira PCB
3. Matanho ePPAP uye Zvinodiwa pakutumira
4. Kuongorora Nyaya Yekutanga (FAI) vs. PPAP
5. Muenzaniso wePPAP Folder Structure
6. Matambudziko Akajairika muPCB PPAP Packages
7. FAQs

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Chii chinonzi PPAP uye nei ichikosha kune maPCB?

PPAP inzira yekusimbisa hunhu inovimbisa kuti maitiro ekugadzira emutengesi anogona kugadzira zvikamu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveinjiniya kakawanda. Pakugadzira PCB, izvi zvinoreva kuratidza kuti kuvaka kwakapetwa, kuboora, kuputira, kutema, uye maitiro ekupedzisa pamusoro pechinhu ari kudzorwa usati watanga kugadzira zvinhu.

Maitiro aya akatanga kubva kuAutomotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) asi akagadziriswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana uko kuteverwa uye kusimbiswa kwemaitiro kwakakosha. Kutumirwa kwakazara kwePPAP kunopa humbowo hwakanyorwa hwekuti mutengesi anonzwisisa zvese zvinodiwa nevatengi uye kuti maitiro ekugadzira anokwanisa kuzadzisa panguva chaiyo yekugadzira - kwete kungogadzira ma prototype chete.

Mabhenefiti makuru ePPAP mukugadzira maPCB anosanganisira:

• Maitiro ekuongorora: inosimbisa maitiro ekugadzira anoenderana nechinangwa chekugadzira
• Kuziva dambudziko rekutanga: inosangana nematambudziko ekushanda kwemaitiro asati asvika pakukwira kwevhoriyamu
• Kugadzirira kuongorora: inogadzira gwaro rakajeka rekutevedzera mitemo
• Kuderedza njodzi: inoderedza kubuda kwemhando yepamusoro panguva yekugadzira huwandu
• Kugadziriswa: inoita kuti zvinodiwa nevatengi uye kugona kwemutengesi zvienderane

Wana Quick Quote

Zvinhu gumi nemasere zvePPAP zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira PCB

Chimiro chePPAP chine zvinhu gumi nezvisere, kunyange zvazvo zvisiri zvinhu zvese zvinoshanda zvakaenzana kune yega yega purojekiti yePCB. Pazasi pane chinhu chimwe nechimwe chakarongedzwa kuti chishandiswe sei mukugadzira mabhodhi edunhu.

Chikamu 1: Zvinyorwa zveDhizaini

• Description: Dhirowa dzevatengi, mafaira eGerber, zvirevo zve stackup
• Ndiani Anopa: kasitoma
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Inosanganisira IPC netlist, mafaira ekudhirowa, zvinyorwa zvekugadzira

Chikamu 2: Magwaro Ekuchinja Kweinjiniya

• Description: Magwaro eECN/ECO ekugadzirisa chero dhizaini
• Ndiani Anopa: Mutengi/Mupi
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Inoteedzera nhoroondo yekudzokorora kubva pamuenzaniso kusvika pakugadzirwa

Chikamu 3: Kubvumidzwa kweUinjiniya hweVatengi

• Description: Kubvumidzwa kwepamutemo kwechero kutsauka kana kuregererwa
• Ndiani Anopa: kasitoma
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Zvinodiwa kana mutengesi achikumbira shanduko dzezvinodiwa

Chikamu 4: Dhizaini FMEA

• Description: Kuongororwa kwemaitiro ekukundikana kwedhizaini
• Ndiani Anopa: Mutengi (kazhinji)
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Kazhinji inotongwa nevatengi vemagadzirirwo ePCB

Chikamu 5: Dhizaini Yekuyerera Kwemaitiro

• Description: Mepu inooneka yematanho ese ekugadzira
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Inovhara lamination kuburikidza nekuongorora kwekupedzisira

Chikamu 6: Maitiro FMEA

• Description: Kuongororwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira akakundikana
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Inoona njodzi dziripo pakuboorwa, kupurwa, kuchekwa, nezvimwewo.

Chikamu 7: Hurongwa Hwekudzora

• Description: Magwaro enzvimbo dzekuongorora uye nzira dzekuongorora
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Inotsanangura ma parameter eCTQ uye huwandu hwekuyera

Chikamu 8: Kuongorora Sisitimu Yekuyera (MSA)

• Description: Zvidzidzo zveGage R&R zvekuyerwa kwakakosha
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Kazhinji inofukidza impedance, saizi yegomba, upamhi hwetrace

Chikamu 9: Mhedzisiro Yezvikamu

• Description: Zviyero zvechokwadi kubva mumienzaniso yekugadzira
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Data rezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, kuyerwa kwemakuponi, data reCMM

Chikamu 10: Mhedzisiro yeZvinhu/Kushanda kweMuedzo

• Description: Zvitupa zvekushandisa uye ruzivo rwekuyedza
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Laminate CoC, zvitupa zve copper foil, data re solder mask

Chikamu 11: Zvidzidzo zveMaitiro Ekutanga

• Description: Data reCpk/Ppk kugona
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Tarisa pane zvakakosha zviyero uye impedance

Chikamu 12: Magwaro eLabhoritari Akakodzera

• Description: Zvitupa zvekubvumidzwa murabhoritari
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: ISO 17025 kana yakaenzana nenzvimbo dzekuyedza

Chikamu 13: Mushumo weKubvumidzwa kweChitarisiko (AAR)

• Description: Chibvumirano chezviyero zvinoonekwa
• Ndiani Anopa: Mutengi/Mupi
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Ruvara rwemasiki eSolder, kujeka kwengano, chitarisiko chependi yepamusoro

Chikamu 14: Zvikamu Zvekugadzira Muenzaniso

• Description: Mienzaniso yepanyama kubva pakuburitswa kwekugadzira
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Huwandu hunoenderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi

Chikamu 15: Muenzaniso Mukuru

• Description: Muenzaniso wekutarisa wakachengetedzwa
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Inochengetwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi

Chikamu 16: Zvinobatsira Pakuongorora

• Description: Zvigadziriso, matemplate, kana mageji
• Ndiani Anopa: Mutengesi (kana zvichibvira)
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Zvishandiso zvekuyedza zvemagetsi, kana zvakajairika

Chikamu 17: Zvinodiwa Nevatengi

• Description: Zvimwe zvinodiwa nevatengi
• Ndiani Anopa: kasitoma
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Zvinodiwa zvinoenderana neindasitiri (AS9100, IATF 16949, nezvimwewo)

Chikamu 18: Warrant yekutumira zvikamu (PSW)

• Description: Gwaro rekusaina pfupiso
• Ndiani Anopa: Supplier
• Zvinyorwa Zvakanangana nePCB: Inozivisa kutevedzera mitemo uye inobvumira kutumirwa kwezvigadzirwa

Matanho ePPAP uye Zvinodiwa pakutumira

PPAP inotsanangura mazinga mashanu ekutumira anosarudza kuti ndeapi magwaro anofanira kutumirwa panyama kana kuti achengetwe ari mufaira:

Danho 1: PSW Chete

• Zvakatumirwa: Waranti yekutumira chikamu chete
• Yakajairika Kushandisa Nyaya: Zvikamu zvine njodzi shoma, vatengesi vakakurumbira vane mukurumbira wakanaka

Danho rechipiri: PSW ine Data Rishoma

• Zvakatumirwa: PSW ine sampuro dzezvigadzirwa uye ruzivo rushoma runotsigira
• Yakajairika Kushandisa Nyaya: Zvikamu zvemabhizinesi zvakajairika zvine njodzi iri pakati nepakati

Danho rechitatu: PSW ine Ruzivo Rwakazara

• Zvakatumirwa: PSW ine mienzaniso yezvigadzirwa uye magwaro akazara anotsigira
• Yakajairika Kushandisa Nyaya: Dhigirii rekutanga remaPCB mazhinji emotokari nendege

Danho rechina: Zvinodiwa Zvinotungamirirwa Nevatengi

• Zvakatumirwa: PSW ine data rakazara zvichienderana negwara remutengi
• Yakajairika Kushandisa Nyaya: Zvinodiwa nevatengi zvinopfuura zvakajairwa zvePPAP

Danho rechishanu: Ruzivo Rwakazara neOngororo Yepanzvimbo

• Zvakatumirwa: PSW ine ruzivo rwakakwana pamwe nekuongorora magwaro ari panzvimbo yacho
• Yakajairika Kushandisa Nyaya: Mashandisirwo ane njodzi huru kana akakosha pakuchengetedzeka

Vatengi vazhinji vePCB vanoda PPAP vanotsanangura Level 3, iyo inosanganisira kutumira magwaro akazara pamwe chete nemabhodhi emuenzaniso. Level yakakodzera inoenderana nezvinodiwa neindasitiri, kukosha kwechikamu, uye kukura kwehukama hwevatengi nevatengesi.

Kuongorora Nyaya Yekutanga (FAI) vs. PPAP

Kunyange zvazvo PPAP neFAI zvakafanana nechinangwa chekusimbisa kugadzirira kugadzirwa, zvakasiyana muhukuru uye chimiro:

Mavambo neMitemo

• PPAP: Yakagadzirwa neAIAG (Automotive Industry Action Group)
• FAI: Zvinotsanangurwa neAS9102 (muyero weAerospace)

Primary Focus

• PPAP: Kugona uye kutonga maitiro—zvinoratidza kuti maitiro ekugadzira akagadzikana uye anokwanisa
• FAI: Kuenderana kwehukuru uye kutsanangurwa - kunosimbisa kuti zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvese

Chikamu cheMagwaro

• PPAP: Zvinhu gumi nemasere zvinofukidza maitiro uye kusimbiswa kwechigadzirwa
• FAI: Mafomu matatu anosanganisira Chikamu Chekuzvidavirira, Kuzvidavirira Kwechigadzirwa, uye Hunhu Hwekuzvidavirira

Nzira Yekusimbisa Maitiro

• PPAP: Zviri pachena—zvinoda PFMEA, Rongai Rokudzora, data reSPC, uye zvidzidzo zvehunyanzvi
• FAI: Implicit—inofungidzira kugona kwemaitiro kuburikidza nemhedzisiro yekusimbisa mativi

Kushandiswa Kweindasitiri Yakajairika

• PPAP: Kugadzira mota, maindasitiri, uye zvese
• FAI: Ndege, dziviriro, uye ndege

Mienzaniso Zvinodiwa

• PPAP: Mienzaniso kubva mukugadzirwa (kwete mienzaniso)
• FAI: Zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvekugadzira kubva mukugadzirwa

Muchokwadi, vamwe vatengi vanoda magwaro ePPAP neFAI. PPAP package inoratidza kugona kwemaitiro, nepo FAI ichipa humbowo hwakadzama hwezvinhu zvekugadzira. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvezvinodiwa zvekuongorora, ona First Article Inspection (FAI).

Muenzaniso wePPAP Folder Structure

Kuronga magwaro ePPAP kunoita kuti kutumira nekuongorora zvive nyore nguva dzose. Maumbirwo emafolda anotevera anoenderana nenhamba dzemafolda nenhamba dzePPAP kuti zvive nyore kuverenga:

PPAP_PartNumber_RevX/ ├── 01_Design_Records/ │ ├── Customer_Drawing.pdf │ ├── Gerber_Files.zip │ ├── Stackup_Specification.pdf │ └── IPC_Netlist.ipc ├── 02_Engineering_Changes/ │ └── ECN_Log.xlsx ├── 03_Customer_Approval/ │ └── Deviation_Waiver.pdf ├── 04_Design_FMEA/ │ └── Customer_DFMEA.xlsx ├── 05_Kufamba_Kwemaitikiro/ │ └── Dhiagiramu_Yekufamba_Kwemaitikiro.pdf ├── 06_Kufamba_Kwemaitikiro/ │ └── PFMEA.xlsx ├── 07_Kuronga_Kwemaitikiro/ │ └── Kuronga_Kwemaitikiro.xlsx ├── 08_MSA/ │ ├── Gage_RR_Impedance.xlsx │ └── Gage_RR_Hole_Saizi.xlsx ├── 09_Zvigumisiro_Zve_Dimensional/ │ ├── Microsection_Report.pdf │ ├── CMM_Data.xlsx │ └── Coupon_Measurements.pdf ├── 10_Zvinhu_Zvekuyedza_Zviri_Muviri/ │ ├── Laminate_CoC.pdf │ ├── Copper_Foil_Cert.pdf │ └── Solder_Mask_TDS.pdf ├── 11_Kugona_Kwemaitiro/ │ ├── Cpk_Impedance.xlsx │ └── Cpk_Hole_Position.xlsx ├── 12_Lab_Documentation/ │ └── ISO17025_Certificate.pdf ├── 13_Appearance_Approval/ │ └── AAR_Form.pdf ├── 14_Sample_Parts/ │ └── Sample_Shipment_Info.txt ├── 15_Master_Sample/ │ └── Master_Sample_Location.txt ├── 16_Checking_Aids/ │ └── Test_Fixture_Drawing.pdf ├── 17_Customer_Specific/ │ └── Industry_Requirements.pdf └── 18_PSW/ └── Chikamu_Chekutumira_Waranti.pdf

Matambudziko Akajairika muPCB PPAP Packages

Zvinyorwa Zvikamu

Dzimwe nguva vatengesi havana zvitupa zvakakwana kubva kuvatengesi vekumusoro kwegungwa. Kumbirai zvitupa zve laminate ne copper foil kutanga kwepurojekiti kudzivirira kunonoka.

Data reKugona Kwekuita

Zvidzidzo zvekutanga zveCpk zvinoda saizi dzakakwana dzesampuro. Zvidzidzo zvekukurumidza kugona zvine data risina kukwana zvinokanganisa kushanda kwePPAP.

Kudzokorora Kudzokorora

Kuchinja kwemagadzirirwo panguva yeNPI kunogona kukanganisa zvinhu zvePPAP zvekare. Chengetedza kuteverwa kwakajeka kwekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa magwaro akakanganiswa zvinoenderana.

Dudziro Dzakanangana Nevatengi

Vatengi vakasiyana vanotsanangura zvinhu zvePPAP nenzira dzakasiyana. Tsanangura zvinotarisirwa panguva yemisangano yekutanga pane kufunga kuti zvirevo zvakajairwa zvinoshanda.

Rondedzero yeKugadzirira Kutumira kwePPAP

• ☐ Zvinyorwa zvese zvekugadzira zvagamuchirwa uye zvadzokororwa
• ☐ Dhayagiramu yekufamba kwemaitiro inoratidza kurongeka chaiko kwekugadzirwa
• ☐ PFMEA yapedzwa nematanho ekuderedza njodzi akawanikwa
• ☐ Hurongwa hwekudzora hwakabatana nezvinobuda muPFMEA
• ☐ MSA yakazadzwa yemidziyo yekuyera yakakosha
• ☐ Ruzivo rwemhando rwakaunganidzwa kubva mumienzaniso yekugadzira
• ☐ Zvitupa zvekushandisa zvakawanikwa uye zvasimbiswa
• ☐ Zvidzidzo zvekugona zvakapedzwa nehukuru hwakakwana hwemuenzaniso
• ☐ Zvitupa zveLabhoritari zviripo uye zvinoshanda
• ☐ PSW yakagadzirira uye yakagadzirira kusaina

Kuti uwane magwaro ane chekuita nekudzora maitiro, ona vimbiso yemhando yePCB uye ongororo yechikamu chidiki.

FAQs

1. PPAP inodiwa here kune ese maPCB odha?

Kwete. PPAP inowanzo diwa kumaindasitiri emotokari, endege, ekurapa, uye mamwe makambani anotongwa nemutemo. Maodha ePCB ekutengeserana akajairika haadi kutumirwa kwePPAP zviri pamutemo, kunyange hazvo vatengesi vanogona kuchengetedza zvidzoreso zvemukati zvakafanana.

2. Ndeapi mazinga ePPAP anonyanya kuwanikwa pamaPCB?

Chikamu chechitatu ndicho chinonyanya kuwanikwa, chinoda kutumirwa kwePSW, sampuro dzezvigadzirwa, uye magwaro akazara anotsigira. Chikamu chechipiri chingagamuchirwa kune vanhu vane njodzi shoma.

3. PPAP yakasiyana sei neFAI?

PPAP inotarisa pakuratidza kugona kwemaitiro uye kutonga muzvinhu gumi nezvisere, nepo FAI (pa AS9102) ichisimbisa kusimbiswa kwezvikamu zvezvinyorwa zvekutanga zvekugadzira. Mamwe mapurogiramu anoda zvese zviri zviviri.

4. Ndiani ane basa rekupa PFMEA?

Mutengesi anowanzo kupa Process FMEA (PFMEA) inovhara mabasa ekugadzira. Mutengi anowanzova muridzi weDesign FMEA (DFMEA) inovhara dhizaini yePCB pachayo.

5. Zvinyorwa zvePPAP zvinofanira kuchengetwa kwenguva yakareba sei?

Zvinodiwa kuti mota irambe iripo zvinoenderana nezvibvumirano zvevatengi uye mitemo yeindasitiri. Mota dzinowanzo da kuti motokari irambe iripo kwehupenyu hwese hwemotokari pamwe negore rimwe chete. Ndege nedziviriro zvinogona kunge zvichidikanwa kwenguva yakareba.