Sei Solder Masks Anovandudza PCB Gungano uye Kuvimbika

Sezvo indasitiri yemagetsi ichifambira mberi, kudiwa kwemabhodhi edunhu maererano nekuvimbika uye kusimba kwakanyanya kuri kuramba kuchikwira. Kuzadzisa izvi zvinodiwa zvinoshanduka, vagadziri vanoyedza kukwidziridza yakakwira-density interconnection (HDI) tekinoroji uye solder mask tekinoroji. Muchinyorwa chino chine njere, tichaongorora basa rakakosha rePCB solder masks, marudzi avo, maapplication, uye mabatiro avanoita paPCB ungano.

Chii chinonzi Solder Mask?

Iyo solder mask layer, inozivikanwawo sewindow layer kana green oil layer, inoita basa rakakosha muPCB kugadzira maitiro. Inoshanda sechidziviriro chekudzivirira chinovhara nzvimbo dzakananga dzedare redunhu, zvichibvumira kunyatsogadzirisa maitiro panguva inotevera yekupedzisa uye soldering maitiro. Nekushandisa nzira isina kunaka yekuburitsa firimu, iyo solder mask yakagadzirirwa kuburitsa pachena ganda remhangura uchisiya nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzisiri dzegirinhi mafuta dzisina kubatwa.

Iyo yakaipa kubuda kwePCB solder mask layer inoreva kupinduka kwakazara kwemamiriro chaiwo. Nzvimbo dzakamisikidzwa kushandiswa kwemafuta egirinhi panguva yekugadzira nhanho, chokwadi, matunhu emafuta egirinhi anozivikanwa sekuvhurwa kwemahwindo. Nekudaro, iyo solder mask layer inoshandira chinangwa chakakosha chekugadzira mahwindo mukati meyakasvibira mafuta epamusoro, ichigonesa kutemesa kwakakodzera kweiyo isiri-girinhi mafuta zvikamu.

Sei Uchishandisa Solder Mask paPCBs?

Iko kushandiswa kwemasolder mask pamabhodhi edunhu akadhindwa (PCBs) kunopa akati wandei mabhenefiti ayo anopembedza kuiswa kwayo muPCB kugadzira maitiro. Solder mask, inozivikanwawo se solder resist, solder stop, kana solderable mask, inoshanda akawanda akakosha mabasa:

1. Inoderedza Solder Bridging: Munguva yekuungana kwePCBs, kunyanya neapamusoro-soro mount components, pane njodzi ye solder bridging, apo solder inobatanidza nemapadhi maviri ari padyo kana matrace. Solder mask inopa chipingamupinyi chinodzivirira chinodzivirira solder kubva pakupararira pakati pepadhuze padhuze, kuderedza mukana webhiriji uye mapfupi maseketi.
2. Insulates Conductors: Solder mask inoshanda semagetsi insulator. Iyo inodzivirira magetsi ekubatanidza kana zvipfupi pakati peakasiyana conductive traces paPCB, kuve nechokwadi kuti ikozvino inoyerera chete kuburikidza neinoda dunhu nzira. Iyi insulation yakakosha pakushanda kwayo uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo yemagetsi.
3. Inodzivirira Nzvimbo: Yakafumurwa yemhangura inoteedzera maPCB ari panjodzi yeoxidation uye nekuora kwezvakatipoteredza. Solder mask inoshanda senhovo inodzivirira, inodzivirira nzvimbo dzemhangura kubva pakusangana kwakananga nenharaunda. Kudzivirirwa uku kunobatsira kuchengetedza kutendeseka kwedunhu uye kudzivirira kuparara nekufamba kwenguva.
4. Inogonesa Kusarudza Coating kana Plating: Solder mask inoiswa zvakasarudzwa kuvhara nzvimbo dzakati dzePCB ichisiya vamwe pachena. Iyi yakasarudzika yekupfekedza inobvumira nzira dzakanangwa dzakadai sekusarudza solder kana kusarudza goridhe plating. Inogonesawo kushandiswa kwe solder paste chete kunzvimbo dzakatarwa panguva yegungano.
5. Inovandudza Aesthetics: Solder mask inowedzera kupedzisa kubata kuPCB nekupa iyo ine ruvara uye yunifomu nzvimbo. Rudzi rwakajairika rwemasolder mask yakasvibira, asi inowanikwa mune akasiyana mavara. Uku kuvandudzwa kwekunaka hakungoite kuti maPCB ataridzike asi anobatsirawo pakuona mabhodhi akasiyana nemabasa awo.
6. Inosimbisa Mapedhi: Solder mask inosimbisa uye inosimbisa chikamu mapedhi paPCB. Kusimbisa uku kunonyanya kukosha kune anochinjika maPCB, uko mapadhi anogona kunge ari nyore kukuvara kana kubvaruka. Iyo solder mask inowedzera kusimba kune idzi nzvimbo dzakakosha.
7. Inovandudza Gungano: Munguva yePCB gungano, solder paste kana zvinonamira zvinoshandiswa kubhodhi. Solder mask inobatsira zvinhu izvi kunamatira zvakanaka kunzvimbo dzakatarwa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvakaiswa nenzira kwayo uye zvakanamirwa zvakachengeteka panguva yekushambadzira.

Muchidimbu, kushandiswa kwemasolder mask paPCB kwakakosha pakuvandudza kuvimbika, kugadzira, uye kushanda kwemidziyo yemagetsi. Inopa dziviriro kubva kune akasiyana siyana ezvakatipoteredza zvinhu, inodzivirira nyaya dzine chekuita nevatengesi, uye inobatsira kune huwandu hwese hwePCB magungano. Kunyange ichiwedzera imwe mutengo uye kuomarara kumaitiro ekugadzira, mabhenefiti aanopa anopfuura nekure kufunga uku, kuita solder mask chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemazuva ano kwePCB.

Kukosha kweSolder Mask

Iyo solder mask pane yakadhindwa yedunhu bhodhi (PCB) inoshanda basa rakakosha mukudzivirira PCB kubva mukukuvadzwa panguva yekugadzira maitiro anosanganisira kupisa kwakanyanya, senge solder uye kuenzanisa. Pasina iyo solder mask, iyo PCB's dielectric material, yakagadzirwa nemidziyo yakaita segirazi fiber uye epoxy resin, inogona kudzikisira, zvichitungamira kumatambudziko emagetsi. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo solder mask inodzivirira mabhiriji ekutengesa kubva pakuumbwa pakati pepadhuze padhuze nematehwe, kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwekubatanidza magetsi. Inoshandawo senhoo kunopesana nemamiriro ekunze, kuchengetedza kuita kwePCB uye kudzivirira ngura kana oxidation. Pakupedzisira, basa remutengesi mask mukuchengetedza kushanda kwePCB uye kuvimbika kwakakosha.

Uyezve, iyo solder mask inogonesa yakasarudzika application kune dzakananga nzvimbo dzePCB, ichibvumira maitiro akatariswa sekusarudza solder kana goridhe plating. Nepo aesthetics ingave isiri basa rayo rekutanga, iyo solder mask inokwidziridza kutaridzika kwePCB, inopa mavara-coding kuti zvizivikanwe, uye inobatsira pakupera uye kutaridzika kwehunyanzvi. Kunyangwe kuoma kwainosuma kuPCB kugadzira, iyo solder mask ine akawanda mabhenefiti anoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro yemagetsi.

Solder Mask Layer vs. Solder Flux Layer

Ngationgororei maviri-layer PCB semuenzaniso wemifananidzo. Iyo yakakosha maviri-layer PCB kumisikidzwa ine maviri echingwa mabhodhi (pamusoro uye pasi) achigadzira musimboti, prepreg layer iri pakati, uye maviri solder mask layer (yepamusoro nepasi) pamwe neaviri silkscreen layer (pamusoro nepasi).

Munguva yekugadzira PCB, iyo yese solder mask haina kupfekedzwa zvakafanana nemafuta egirinhi nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita sekutengesa uye kupisa kupisa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, isu tinowanzo kudana nzvimbo idzi dzakavhurika se "mahwindo" uko mhangura inoonekwa.

Iyo solder layer, inozivikanwawo seye paste mask, ine chekuita neiyo chaiyo layer paPCB inoramba isina kuvharwa negirinhi mafuta. Muchidimbu, inoreva iyo PCB stencil inoshandiswa mukugadzira maitiro. Mazhinji mainjiniya anoiona yakafanana neyepamusoro layer, ichienderana neiyo data inounzwa padanho repamusoro. Chinangwa cheiyo solder layer inosiyana kubva kune iyo solder mask layer. Kuvapo kwayo hakusi kwezvinangwa zvekutengesa asi kuti kufambisa musangano we SMT. Munguva yekuyerera kweSMT, kunyatso shandiswa kwe solder paste pamapadhi kunowanikwa nekunyatso kuparadzira paste kuburikidza ne stencil apertures, nekudaro izwi rekuti "wepamusoro tin layer" kune solder layer.

Nepo ese masiki ekuisa uye solder mask achibatanidzwa mukuita tinning, pane misiyano yakakosha pakati pavo. Panyaya yemukati wedunhu bhodhi mashandiro, iyo solder mask PCB layer inoshandisa mbiri chinangwa chekudzivirira munyu kupfapfaidza uye hunyoro, mukuwedzera pakugonesa soldering. Sezvineiwo, iyo paste mask inonyanya kutarisana neSMT stencil kugadzirwa, yakanangana nepamusoro-gomo pasuru musangano. Kazhinji, iyo solder mask layer inoiswa zvakafanana nemafuta egirinhi, ichisiya nzvimbo dzisina solder mask layer yakafumurwa. Kune rimwe divi, mask yekunamira inoshandiswa kugadzira stencil, nechinangwa chaicho chekufambisa kuiswa kwechikamu, kunyanya mune yakakwirira vhoriyamu PCB magungano ezviitiko.

Solder Mask Dhizaini Mafungiro

Yakakodzera solder mask dhizaini yakakosha pakusimudzira zvese zviri nyore kuungana uye kuvimbika kwese kweakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi (PCB). Heano mamwe akakosha ekufunga nezvekufunga kana kugadzira iyo solder mask:

1. Taura Yekupedzisira Yakapedzwa Copper uye Mask Fiducials: Kuti ive nechokwadi chekumisikidza kwakanyanya panguva yekugadzira maitiro, senge solder uye chikamu chekuisa, zvakakosha kudoma yekupedzisira yakapedzwa mhangura uye mask fiducials paPCB. Aya mafiducial anoita senge mareferenzi ekurongeka, zvichibatsira mukurongeka kwemaitiro egungano.
2. Chengetedza Kubvisirwa Pakati peMask uye Mapadhi Kunoenderana: Kuenderana mukucheneswa pakati peiyo solder mask nemapads kwakakosha. Kusawirirana kubvumidzwa kunogona kutungamirira kune nyaya dzekutengesa, shorts, kana kusavimbika. Kuchengeta yunifomu clearances kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekusangana kwakavimbika.
3. Tevera IPC Mirayiridzo: Kuomerera kune indasitiri zviyero, senge izvo zvinotsanangurwa neIPC (Association Connecting Electronics Industries), kwakakosha kune yakavimbika. PCB dhizaini. IPC nhungamiro dzinowanzokurudzira 0.2mm pullback kubva pads, iyo inobatsira kudzivirira solder mask kupindira munzvimbo dzakakosha, kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwekubatanidza magetsi.
4. Chengetedza Pullbacks Usanyatso Kufumura Mateki: Nepo kudhonza kubva pamapadhi kwakakosha, zvakakosha zvakaenzana kuona kuti izvi zvinodhonza hazviburitse zvizere zvikwambo. Kunyanya kuratidzwa kunogona kutungamirira kune zvingangove zvipfupi kana kukuvadza kune zvakasara. Kuve nechokwadi chekuenzanisa nzira yekudhonza kumashure ndiyo kiyi yekubudirira solder mask dhizaini.
5. Mask-Defined Land Pads Kuvandudza Kunyoreswa: Mask-yakatsanangurwa pasi pads inopa yakagadziridzwa kunyoreswa panguva yegungano maitiro. Aya mapedhi anotsanangurwa anobatsira kuiswa kwakarurama kwezvikamu, kuderedza mikana yekukanganisa uye kukanganisa kwegungano.
6. Taura Saizi muMhangura neMask Layers: Kuti udzivise mutsauko uye zvikanganiso, zvinokurudzirwa kudoma saizi mune ese ari maviri emhangura nemasiki akaturikidzana ePCB dhizaini. Kusawirirana uku kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti zviyero zvakatarisirwa zvinochengetwa mukati memaitiro ese ekugadzira.
7. Mask-Over-Pads Sarudzo dzeGungano Riri Nyore: Funga kushandisa mask-pamusoro-pads sarudzo kana zvakakodzera. Mask-over-pads anosanganisira kuisa solder mask pamusoro pemapedhi, achisiya nzvimbo dzakanangana chete dzakafumurwa kuti dzigadziriswe. Iyi nzira inorerutsa magadzirirwo egungano uye inova nechokwadi chekuti solder inoshandiswa chaizvo painoda.
8. Sarudza Yakakodzera Mask Damu Saizi Kudzora Nama Mavhoriyamu: Saizi yemadhamu emasiki (nzvimbo dzinofukidzwa nemasiki emasolder anovhara mhangura) inoita basa rakakosha mukudzora solder paste mavhoriyamu panguva yegungano. Madhamu emasiki akaenzana anobatsira kudzivirira yakawandisa solder paste, kuderedza njodzi ye solder bridging kana humwe hurema hune hukama.
9. Rondedzera Matende eMask Pamusoro Akadhiriwa Mafambiro Painodiwa: Kana vias (yakapfekwa nemaburi) iripo paPCB, kududzira matende emasiki mune dzimwe nzvimbo kunogona kubatsira. Mask tenting inosanganisira kuvhara vias ne solder mask kudzivirira solder kubva pakupukuta maburi panguva yekuungana. Izvi zvinobatsira kuchengetedza kutendeseka kwePCB uye kudzivirira nyaya dzine chekuita nevatengesi.

Kufurira kweSolder Mask paPCBA

Iyo solder mask, inozivikanwawo se solder resist kana solder stop, chinhu chakakosha mukugadzira PCB (Printed Circuit Board) kugadzira, uye kukanganisa kwayo paPCBA (Printed Circuit Board Assembly) kwakadzama. Imwe pesvedzero yakakosha iri mukuiswa kwechikamu uye soldering. Iyo solder mask inotsanangura nzvimbo chaidzo dzezvikamu, uye kuvhurwa kwakanyatsogadzirwa kwakakosha kuti ive nechokwadi chekutengesa kurongeka uye kuvimbika panguva yekuungana.

Rimwe basa rakakosha reiyo solder mask kupa dziviriro kubva kune zvakatipoteredza zvinhu. Inoshanda senhoo, inochengetedza PCB yemhangura yemhangura uye inoitisa zvinhu kubva muhunyoro, huruva, uye zvinosvibisa. Pasina iyo, kukuvara kwezvakatipoteredza kunogona kutungamira mukuora uye magetsi mapfupi maseketi, kuderedza kuvimbika kwePCB uye hupenyu.

Uyezve, iyo solder mask inopa insulation yemagetsi uye inodzivirira kusingatarisirwe kubatanidza magetsi. Inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza hunhu hunoenderana neimpedance, kunyanya mune yakakwirira-frequency application. Pamusoro pezvo, inoshanda senhovo inodzivirira panguva yekushambadzira, kudzivirira solder kuti isanamatira kunzvimbo dzisingatarisirwe, izvo zvakakosha mumaPCB ane vanhu vakawanda. Izvi zvinhu zvinosimbisa kukosha kweiyo solder mask mukuona kushanda, kuvimbika, uye hupenyu hurefu hwePCBA.

Solder Mask Process Guidelines

Iko kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwemasikisi emasoja uye kuomerera kune dhizaini nhungamiro kwakakosha pakuona kuvimbika uye kushanda kweakadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi (PCBs). Ngationgororei mune yakakosha solder mask process nhungamiro uye magadzirirwo ekufunga:

Dhizaini Yekugadzira

Mukuita, kushandiswa kwemasikisi emasoja muPCB magadzirirwo isarudzo yakasarudzika, uye vagadziri vanogona kuvabatanidza nyore nyore nekutsanangura mashoma ma paramita. Mamwe maturusi esoftware anotopa otomatiki solder mask chizvarwa kugona. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuita hurukuro yakakwana nemugadziri wePCB akasarudzwa usati watanga maitiro ekugadzira. Izvi zvinopa kunzwisiswa kwakazara kwekwaniso yavo chaiyo maererano ne solder mask ukobvu uye hushoma hwemhangura pad spacing, sezvo izvi zvinofungwa zvisingashande kune ese maPCB.

Kuregeredza kana kusatarisira zviri nyore solder mask nyaya, senge isina kukwana kana yakawandisa kuvhurwa kana kusaenzana pakati pehuwandu hwekuvhurwa uye huwandu hwemhangura mapadhi mundege yedunhu, zvinogona kukonzera kukundikana kwebhodhi redunhu. Kuziva kana matambudziko akadaro achimuka kubva mukuregeredza kana kushandurwa kusingafungidziri mumafaira ekugadzira angada nguva nekunyatsoongorora. Kutadza kugadzirisa nyaya idzi zvine hungwaru kunogona kukonzera njodzi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kunyatsoongorora mafaera ako ekugadzira kwakakosha zvakanyanya.

Via Cap Oiri

Via cap mafuta, inozivikanwawo sekuti kuburikidza nemafuta ekuvhara, inzira inoshandiswa mukugadzira bhodhi redunhu uko maPCB vias akafukidzwa nemasolder mask kuti asafumurwe. Kusiyana nekuzadza, kuburikidza nekapu mafuta inongovhara denderedzwa remhete yevias. Kana iyo nzira yese yakavharwa, inonzi kuzadza kana plugging.

Vagadziri vanowanzo shandisa kuburikidza ne cap mafuta se solder mask process kuchengetedza edunhu mabhodhi. Iyi nzira inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nekuzadza epoxy kana mask plugging, uchifunga nezvePCB mutengo wekugadzira. Pakati peakasiyana kuburikidza nebumping matekiniki, LPISM bumping inoonekwa seyakanyanya kudhura nzira.

Solder Mask Dam

Solder Mask Dam, inozivikanwawo se solder mask gap, chinhu chakakosha muPCB dhizaini. Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekuona nzvimbo yakakwana pakati pe solder pamusoro pezvinhu kudzivirira kuitika kwemabhiriji ekutengesa. Kazhinji, kureba kwedhamu rekutengesa kunoiswa pahafu yehupamhi hwepitch conductor. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu apo maitiro akanaka ekufambisa ari pasi pe100µm anoshandiswa, mutemo uyu unogona kusunungurwa kuti ugadzirise izvo zvinodiwa zvekugadzira.

Solder Mask Kuvhura

Solder Mask Kuvhura chinhu chakakosha muPCB dhizaini iyo inobvumira kuti dunhu riburitswe pachena kuti ishandiswe solder paste panguva yekushambadzira. Iyo inowanzoitwa nekubvisa solder mask layer pane yekunze pamusoro pePCB munzvimbo dzakati. Kururama kwemazaruro aya kunonyanya kukosha, sezvo chero zvisizvo zvinogona kuguma nekuonekwa kusingatarisirwi kwemhangura iyo isingafaniri kudhindwa ne solder paste. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kune nyaya dzakadai sedhiketi bhodhi pfupi, corrosion, kana kukuvadzwa kwematanho edunhu.

Solder Mask Coverage kana Kuwedzera

Iyi dhizaini, inozivikanwawo sekuti solder mask kuzvimba, inogona kuve yakanaka, zero, kana yakaipa kukosha:

• Positive Solder Mask Extension: Kana paine chinhambwe pakati pemupendero we solder mask uye yakafumurwa yekunze perimeter ye pad, inonzi yakanaka solder mask yekuwedzera kana kuzvimba. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti padhi yakavharwa zvakaringana neye solder mask, ichipa dziviriro uye kudzivirira kusingatarisirwe solder bhiriji.
• Zero Solder Mask Kuwedzerwa: Kana pasina gaka kana nzvimbo pakati peiyo solder mask uye pad, inoonekwa sezero solder mask yekuwedzera. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iyo solder mask inonyatso kuenderana nemiganhu yepadhi.
• Negative Solder Mask Extension: Mune zvimwe zviitiko, solder mask inogona kuwedzera kupfuura padhi miganhu, ichipfuura chikamu chepadhi. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se negative solder mask extension. Inowanzo shandiswa kupa yekuwedzera solder mask kufukidzwa munzvimbo dzinodiwa dziviriro yakawedzerwa, senge yakakwira-density wedunhu kana nzvimbo dzine mukana wekugona solder bhiriji.

Nekuomerera kune iyi dhizaini nhungamiro uye solder mask process inotariswa, vagadziri uye vagadziri vanogona kuve nechokwadi chekubudirira kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro PCB inosangana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvekushandisa kwavo.

Solder Mask Properties

Kana zvasvika pakusarudza iyo chaiyo solder mask yemabhodhi ako akadhindwa edunhu (PCBs), zvakakosha kuti utarise akati wandei akakosha zvivakwa. Izvi zvivakwa zvinoita basa rakakosha mukuona mashandiro, kuvimbika, uye hupenyu hurefu hwePCBs ako. Ngationgororei mune zvakakosha zvivakwa zvekuongorora pakusarudza solder mask:

Dielectric Strength

Dielectric simba inoreva kudzivirira kwekudzivirira uye kuputsa voltage ratings ye solder mask. Izvo zvakakosha kune solder mask kuti ipe inoshanda magetsi ekudzivirira pakati pezvinhu conductive paPCB. Yakakwira dielectric simba inovimbisa kuti solder mask inogona kumirisana nekusiyana kwevoltage pasina kubvumira kuputsika kwemagetsi kana kuvuza. Simba rakasimba re dielectric rakakosha kudzivirira mapfupi maseketi uye kuve nechokwadi kuvimbika kwedunhu.

Adhesion

Kunamatira ndiko kugona kweiyo solder mask kusungirira zvakachengeteka kuPCB substrate uye mhangura yemhangura. Kunamatira kwakasimba kwakakosha kudzivirira delamination kana kupepeta kweiyo solder mask, kunyanya panguva yekupisa bhasikoro uye kuratidzwa kune akasiyana mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza. Kunamatira kwakanaka kunovimbisa kuti solder mask inoramba yakanyatsobatanidzwa nePCB, ichidzivirira kubva kune hunyoro, kusvibiswa, uye kushushikana kwemagetsi.

Resolution

Resolution inoreva hupamhi hwemutsara uye nzvimbo iyo solder mask inogona kubereka yakavimbika. Ichi chivakwa chakakosha pakushandisa chaiko uye kwakaringana kweiyo solder mask, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu apo maumbirwo emhando yepamusoro kana akaomesesa PCB dhizaini anobatanidzwa. High-resolution solder masks inogonesa kugadzirwa kweakanyatsotsanangurwa solder mask kuvhurika uye mapatani, kuwedzera huwandu hwese hwePCB.

Flexible uye Thermo-Mechanical Properties

Iko kuchinjika uye thermo-mechanicha zvimiro zve solder mask yakakosha kune maPCB anogona kukotama kana kuona kushanduka kwekushisa. Flexible solder masks akanakira maapplication anosanganisira anochinjika maPCB kana zvishandiso zvinoda kusimba kurwisa kushushikana kwemagetsi. Pamusoro pezvo, kunzwisisa iyo coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) yemasolder mask kwakakosha, nekuti inokanganisa kugadzikana kwePCB kana yaiswa mukusiyana kwekushisa.

Solder uye Chemical Resistance

Solder masks anofanirwa kumirisana nekuoma kwemaitiro ekutengesa, anosanganisira reflow soldering, flux application, uye kuchenesa. Inoshanda solder uye chemikemikari kuramba inovimbisa kuti solder mask inoramba isina kusimba uye isina kukanganiswa nenzvimbo yekutengesa. Iyo inodzivirira kuderedzwa kwemasiki ekutengesa, kushanduka kwemavara, kana kugadzirwa kwehurema hunogona kukanganisa kuita kwePCB.

Flame Retardance

Flame retardance inzvimbo yakakosha yekuteedzera kuchengetedza, kunyanya mumashandisirwo ayo maPCB anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzine njodzi dzemoto. Flame-retardant solder masks akagadzirirwa kudzivirira kupisa uye kumisa kupararira kwemirazvo. Kusangana nekupisa zviyero kunovimbisa kuchengetedzwa uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo yemagetsi.

Temperature Range

Iyo inoshanda tembiricha yemhando ye solder mask yakakosha, sezvo inosarudza miganho yekushanda yePCB. Iyo solder mask inofanirwa kukwanisa kutsungirira tembiricha yakakwira uye yakaderera pasina kusangana nekuora, kurasikirwa kwekunamatira, kana shanduko mune zvayo. Kunzwisisa iyo yakanyanya uye shoma inoshanda tembiricha yakakosha pakusarudza iyo chaiyo solder mask kune chaiwo maapplication.

Unyoro uye Corrosion Resistance

Kunyorova uye kusagadzikana kwemarara kwakakosha kuchengetedza PCB kubva kune zvakatipoteredza, senge hunyoro uye kuratidzwa kune zvinoparadza zvinhu. Iyo inoshanda solder mask inofanirwa kugadzira hermetic chisimbiso, kudzivirira kunyorova kupinda uye kuumbwa kwekuora paPCB's copper traces. Iyi pfuma inovimbisa kuvimbika kwenguva refu kwedunhu.

Kuti uite sarudzo ine ruzivo, zvakakosha kuti uone mhedzisiro yemutengesi yemasiki yakashumwa. Nekuita izvi, unogona kuona kuti yakasarudzwa solder mask material inokodzera yako chaiyo application uye nharaunda yekushanda. Kutariswa kwakakodzera kweaya solder mask zvivakwa kunobatsira kuhupamhi hwese uye kuvimbika kwePCBs ako, zvichiita kuti ive yakanyatsokodzera chinangwa chavanoda.

Solder Mask Types

1. Epoxy Liquid Photoimageable Solder Masks (LPC/LPI)

Epoxy liquid photoimageable solder masks ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa akasiyana munyika yeakadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi (PCBs). Kukurumbira kwavo kunobva pakuva zvese zvinodhura uye zvakasiyana-siyana. Aya masiki ekutengesa anorapwa kuburikidza nekuratidzwa kune ultraviolet (UV) mwenje, kuve nechokwadi chechokwadi uye nemapeteni chaiwo. Zvakare, ivo vanopa kuchinjika mukusarudza kwemavara, nesarudzo dzinosanganisira yechinyakare girinhi, pamwe netsvuku, bhuruu, nezvimwe. Nekuda kwekuita kwavo mutengo-kushanda uye kuchinjika, epoxy liquid solder masks anowana kushandiswa kwakakura mumhando dzakasiyana dzePCB application, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira kune akawanda emagetsi zvishandiso.

2. Epoxy Powder Coating

Epoxy poda yekuputira solder masks akasiyana akasiyana anoshandiswa kuPCBs sehupfu hwakaoma. Kurapa kwavo kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwekupisa, izvo zvinoshandura hupfu hwakaoma kuva solder mask yakasimba. Nepo epoxy powder coating solder masks ari mari-inoshanda, anogona kunge aine miganhu maererano nekugona kwavo zvichienzaniswa nemamwe marudzi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ivo vanonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira kwevatengi zvemagetsi nemidziyo, uko mutengo wemari chinhu chakakosha.

3. Silicone-Yakavakirwa uye Urethane Acrylate Solder Masks

Silicone-yakavakirwa uye urethane acrylate solder masks anozivikanwa nekugona kwavo kushingirira tembiricha yakakwira, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune maapplication uko kwakakwira kupisa kuri kunetseka. Pamusoro pezvo, aya masiki ekutengesa anopa kuchinjika, izvo zvinogona kubatsira mumashandisirwo anosanganisira flex board kana mabhodhi ekupisa. Nekudaro, zvivakwa zvavo zvakasarudzika zvinouya nemutengo wakakwira zvichienzaniswa ne epoxy-based sarudzo. Saka nekudaro, ivo vanowanzo sarudzirwa mashandisirwo ehunyanzvi uko musanganiswa wavo wekushivirira kwepamusoro-tembiricha uye kuchinjika kunodiwa.

4. Flexible Solder Masks

Flexible solder masks akagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kushanduka kwavo kunyangwe mushure mekurapa. Ichi chivakwa chakanyanya kukosha kune maapplication anosanganisira anochinjika maseketi. Nekudaro, kugadzirwa kweanochinjika solder masks kunogona kusanganisa maitiro akaomarara ekugadzirisa kuti uwane iyo inodiwa nhanho yekushanduka. Aya masiki ekutengesa anonyanya kushandiswa mumashandisirwo apo PCB pachayo inoda kubhenda pasina kukanganisa kushanda.

5. Flame Retardant Solder Masks

Flame retardant solder masks akanyatsogadzirirwa kuti asangane nemiyero yekupisa, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza kuteedzera munzvimbo dzine njodzi dzemoto. Iwo anowanzo kuwanikwa muzvinhu zvevatengi uko kutevedzera kuchengetedzeka zviyero kwakakosha pakuchengetedzwa kwevashandisi. Flame retardant solder masks anofarirwa mukushandisa uko kuchengetedza moto kuri pamberi, senge midziyo nemagetsi evatengi.

Imwe neimwe yeaya solder masiki maumbirwo ane yayo yakasarudzika seti yezvivakwa uye mabhenefiti, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune dzakati nharaunda uye maapplication. Sarudzo yemhando yemasolder mask inofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo uye zvimhingamipinyi zvePCB purojekiti yako, kuve nechokwadi kuti inoenderana nekuita uye kuchengetedza zvinotarisirwa zvemagetsi ekupedzisira. Kusarudzwa kwakaringana kwemhando yemasolder mask kunobatsira mukubudirira kwese uye hupenyu hurefu hwePCB mukushandiswa kwayo.

Solder mask inoshandiswa sei kuPCB yako?

Kuisa chifukidzo chesolder paPCB idanho rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwePCB . Chifukidzo chesolder igwaro rinodzivirira rakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvepolymer zvinofukidza tsvina yesimbi paPCB, zvichiita kuti pave nekusungirirwa zvakanaka uye kudzivirira mapfupi. Kushandiswa kwechifukidzo chesolder kunosanganisira nzira dzakasiyana siyana nezvinhu, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nePCB uye mhedzisiro inodiwa. Heino mashandisirwo anoitwa chifukidzo chesolder paPCB:

1. Kusarudzwa kweSolder Mask Material: Danho rekutanga nderekusarudza yakakodzera solder mask zvinhu zvinoenderana nekushandisa, mari inotariswa, uye inodiwa zvivakwa. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emasolder mask zvinhu zviripo, zvinosanganisira epoxy liquid, liquid photoimageable solder mask (LPSM) ingi, uye yakaoma firimu photoimageable solder mask (DFSM). Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chine zvakanakira uye chinosarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nePCB.
2. Solder Mask Printing: Nzira yakajairika yekushandisa solder mask ndeye nzira yakafanana nekudhinda. Kune epoxy liquid solder masks, epoxy yemvura inoshandiswa kune iyo PCB pamusoro pekushandisa silkscreen kana stencil. Kuita uku kwakafanana nekupuruzira pendi kumeso uchishandisa stencil. Iyo solder mask inoshandiswa zvakafanana, ichivhara iyo yose PCB pamusoro.
3. Liquid Photoimamageable Solder Mask (LPSM): LPSM ndiyo imwe sarudzo iyo solder mask zvinhu inoiswa kuPCB kuburikidza nenzira dzakaita senge silkscreening kana kupfapfaidza. Mushure mekushandisa, iyo PCB inoratidzwa kune inodiwa pateni uchishandisa UV mwenje. Nzvimbo dzakafumurwa kuchiedza dzakaoma, nepo nzvimbo dzisina kuvharwa dzichiramba dziri mumvura. Zvadaro, iyo isina kuvharwa solder mask inogadzirwa, ichisiya kuvhurika kwezvikamu kuti zvitengeswe kumapedhi emhangura.
4. Dry Film Photoimageable Solder Mask (DFSM): DFSM inoshandiswa zvakasiyana; inosanganisira vacuum lamination. Iyo yakaoma firimu solder mask zvinhu inoiswa paPCB pamusoro. Kana yangoiswa, firimu rinoratidzwa pateni uchishandisa UV mwenje uye wobva wagadzirwa. Iyi nzira inoguma mune solder mask ine mazaru anoenderana nePCB dhizaini.
5. Thermal Mushonga: Pasinei neiyo nzira inoshandiswa, mushure meiyo solder mask pateni yatsanangurwa, iyo PCB inoenda kuburikidza nekupisa kwekurapa maitiro. Iyi nhanho inobatsira kuomesa iyo solder mask zvinhu, ichiita kuti igare yakasimba uye inopesana nekupisa kwakanyanya uye zvakatipoteredza zvinhu.
6. Kubatanidzwa muPCB Dhizaini: Munzvimbo yemagetsi dhizaini otomatiki (EDA), iyo solder mask inobatwa sechinhu chakakosha chePCB uye inotsanangurwa uchishandisa maGerber mafaera, senge mamwe maseru akadai semhangura uye silkscreen layer. Aya mafaera anopa mirairo inodiwa yePCB yekugadzira michina yekushandisa iyo solder mask nemazvo uye nemazvo zvinoenderana nemagadzirirwo ekugadzira.

Muchidimbu, kushandisa solder mask kuPCB kunosanganisira kusarudza iyo yakakodzera zvinhu, kuishandisa kune iyo bhodhi pamusoro kuburikidza nenzira dzakaita sekudhinda, kuratidzwa kune UV mwenje wekugadzira patani, kusimudzira kugadzira mazaru, uye pakupedzisira, kurapa kwekupisa. Iyo solder mask layer chinhu chakakosha chinopa kuvimbika uye kushanda kwePCB, kuve nechokwadi chekutengesa kwakaringana uye kuchengetedzwa kweiyo iri pasi pemhangura.

mhedziso

Iyo inoratidzika kunge isingashamisi yakasvibira-yakaita seyepamusoro kupedzisa kwemasolder mask paPCBs inoshandira akawanda akakosha mabasa anodarika aesthetics. Kana yakasvikirwa nedhizaini chaiyo, sarudzo, uye mashandisirwo, masiki epamusoro-soro ekutengesa akagadzirirwa mashandisirwo chaiwo anowedzera zvakanyanya goho rePCB regungano, kusimbisa kubatanidza solder, uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwekushanda kwemidziyo yemagetsi.

Kushanda pamwe chete nekutaurirana nevanoshanda navo mukugadzira PCB kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mask yekusolder yakagadziridzwa zvichienderana nekugona kwayo uye zvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa chako. Nekuziva kukosha kwemasiki yekusolder uye kushandisa kugona kwayo, vagadziri vemagetsi vanogona kuramba vachizadzisa zvinodiwa neindasitiri iri kuramba ichichinja uye vachipa maPCB akavimbika uye emhando yepamusoro kune akasiyana mashandisirwo.