60/40 vs 63/37 Solder: Melting Points, Eutectic Behavior, uye Zvekushandisa

Kugadziriswa kwekupedzisira: Chivabvu 2026 · Kuenzanisa kunoshanda kwekunamira nemaoko, kugadzirisa patsva, uye kuunganidza

Sarudzo pakati pe60/40 ne63/37 solder inobva pakuti pane chinhu chimwe chete chinonzi metallurgical — chimwe chinonyunguduka uye chimwe hachisi — uye chokwadi ichocho chinoenderana nekuti alloy yega yega inonyunguduka, inooma, uye inoumba majoini. Ose ari maviri ma tin-lead solders ave achishanda nemagetsi kwemakore akawanda, uye ese ari maviri achiri kuwana nzvimbo yawo muna 2026 pasinei nekukwira kwe lead-free. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura musiyano nemashoko akajeka, rinopa nhamba dzekunyunguduka padivi nepadivi, rinotsvaga mhedzisiro yejointi kusvika pakuti jointi yakaipa yakaita sei, uye rinopera negwara rakajeka rekuti riini rekuwana alloy yega yega uye kuti ungaitsanangura sei pakugadzirira assembly.

Zvinoreva nhamba dze60/40 ne63/37

Nhamba idzi dzinongova chiyero che tin-to-lead zvichienderana nehuremu. 60/40 solder ine 60% tin uye 40% lead. 63/37 solder ine 63% tin uye 37% lead. Kuchinja kwe tin-3% mu tin kunonzwika kushoma, asi kunoisa alloy imwe panzvimbo chaiyo mu tin-lead system uye kunosiya imwe iri pedyo nayo - uye musiyano mudiki iwoyo unochinja maitiro avo ekunyunguduka nenzira yaunogona kunzwa pabhenji.

Sei tin ne lead zvichibatanidzwa pamwe chete

Tin inopa kunyorovesa nekubatanidza; mutobvu unoderedza poindi yekunyunguduka uye unovandudza kushanda nekuyerera. Hapana simbi yoga inosunganidza zvemagetsi zvakanaka - tini pachayo inonyunguduka zvakanyanya uye inopwanyika, nepo mutobvu usinganyorove zvakanaka. Kana zvabatanidzwa, kusunganidzwa kwemagetsi kunowanzoitwa nezvizvarwa nekuda kwekuti inoregerera, inoyerera nyore nyore, uye inoumba majoini akavimbika patembiricha shoma isingabiki zvinhu zviri pedyo.

Sei musiyano we3% uchikosha

Mumasystem mazhinji e alloy, shanduko ye3% yekuumbwa kwayo iruzha. Musystem yetin-lead, musiyano uripo pakati pekugara panzvimbo ye eutectic nekugara padivi payo - uye musiyano iwoyo unodzora kana alloy ichinyunguduka patembiricha imwe chete kana kuti padanho rimwe chete. Gakava rasara pakati pezvikamu zviviri izvi inyaya yekuti alloy yega yega inochinja sei pakati pezvakasimba nezvinwiwa, kwete nezvesimbi dziripo.

Pfungwa yekuzvifadza uye nei 63/37 yakakosha

Chiumbwa che eutectic chine chinhu chimwe chete chinonyunguduka uye chinooma nechando pakupisa kumwe chete, kwakapinza - chichiita sesimbi yakachena kwete musanganiswa. Muhurongwa hwe tin-lead, chiyero ichocho chemashiripiti i63% tin / 37% lead. Pachinzvimbo chayo che eutectic, 63/37 inoenda zvakananga kubva pakasimba kuenda kune mvura (uye kumashure) pasina chikamu chiri pakati.

Zvinorehwa neshoko rekuti "eutectic" mukuita

Misanganiswa yakawanda inonyunguduka zvishoma nezvishoma: sezvaunoipisa, inotanga kupfava patembiricha imwe chete uye inongove mvura yakakwana patembiricha yakakwira. Musanganiswa we eutectic unodarika nzvimbo yepakati iyoyo. Pisa 63/37 kusvika 183 °C uye inova yakasimba kusvika ipapo, wozove mvura yakazara; itonhore pasi pe183 °C uye inova mvura kusvika ipapo, wozove yakasimba zvizere. Kuchinja kwacho kunoitika pakarepo, inova mubairo wevashandi vezvivakwa.

Non-eutectic 60/40 uye pakati payo pakasviba

60/40 iri pedyo nenzvimbo ye eutectic, saka haisi ye eutectic . Panzvimbo pekupisa kumwe chete, ine huwandu hwekunyunguduka . Painopisa, inotanga kunyorova pane imwe tembiricha uye haisi mvura yakakwana kusvika yakwira; pakutonhodza inodzokera kuburikidza nehuwandu ihwohwo. Mukati mebhandi iroro, alloy inenge yakasimba zvishoma uye imwe mvura - mamiriro e "plastiki" akaomarara, ayo ari mudzi wemaitiro e60/40 uye chikonzero nei ichida ruoko rwakasimba panguva yekutonhodza.

Nzvimbo dzekunyunguduka uye nzvimbo yepurasitiki, padivi nepadivi

Ma alloys maviri aya anotanga kunyunguduka panzvimbo imwe chete; anosiyana zvichienderana nezvinoitika pamusoro payo. Tafura inoita kuti contrast ive simende.

Kutanga kumwe chete, kupedzisa kwakasiyana

Ma alloys ese ari maviri anotanga kunyunguduka pa 183 °C. Musiyano uripo ndewekuti chii chinoitika pamusoro payo: 63/37 inenge iri mvura yakakwana pa 183 °C, nepo 60/40 isiri mvura yakakwana kusvika pa 190 °C. Muchokwadi, simbi inenge yakapoteredza 300–350 °C inenge iri pamusoro pezvose zviri zviviri, saka mashandiro ainoita paunenge uchiisa solder akafanana - musiyano unoratidzwa panguva yekutonhora kwakanyanya, kwete paunenge uchipisa joint.

Nei nguva yekutonhora iriyo inokosha

Hunhu hwekusonesa hunotsanangurwa muchikamu chechipiri kana zviviri mushure mekunge wabvisa simbi. Ndipo panosvika chisungo chinooma uye chinosunga chimiro chayo chemukati. Chisungo chinooma ipapo ipapo hachipi mukana wekukanganisa chisungo; chisungo chinogara chiri muchimiro chemvura shoma chinoita kuti chisashande zvakanaka. Iyi ndiyo nyaya yese inoshanda yekusonesa eutectic mumutsara mumwe chete.

Maitiro epurasitiki anogadzira majoini anotonhora uye anokanganiswa

Ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti nyanzvi dzifarire 63/37. Kana 60/40 yatonhorera kuburikidza nepurasitiki yayo, pane hwindo umo jointi inoita seyakasimba asi ichiri semi-liquid mukati. Kana chikamu kana waya ichifamba mukati mehwindo iroro - kudhonzwa, kudedera, kukwenya kweruoko - chimiro chekristaro chinosimba chinokanganiswa chisati chagona kumira zvakanaka.

Maronda akakanganiswa anoita sei

Mugumisiro wacho unoti joini yakakanganiswa kana kuti inotonhora : isina kusimba, ine maburi, uye ine mapundu panzvimbo pekupenya uye yakatsetseka. Joini dzakadaro dzinogona kunge dzisina simba pakugadzira uye dzisingavimbike pamagetsi, uye dzinowanzoda kugadziriswa patsva. Nekuti 63/37 haina nzvimbo yepurasitiki, inoomesa kana yangotonhorera pasi pe183 °C, zvichisiya pasina hwindo rekufamba kuti ikanganise joini. Chinhu chimwe chete ichocho - kuomesa kwakachena, nekukurumidza - ndicho chinhu chinobatsira chinoita kuti solder ye eutectic ive yega yekushandisa solder yemaoko nemaoko.

Nei majoini akakanganisika aine njodzi, kwete kungova akaipa chete

Joini risina kusimba harisi rekushongedza chete. Chimiro chekristaro chakakanganisika chinogona kusiya maburi madiki uye kubatana kusina kunaka kwesimbi, saka joini rinogona kupasa bvunzo nekukurumidza asi rokundikana gare gare kana richinge rava kudedera kana kupisa. Kukanganisika kunoitika nguva nenguva kunowanikwa mumajoini anotonhora ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinonyanya kuodza mwoyo kuona nekuti kubatana kwacho kunoshanda dzimwe nguva. Kudzivirira kubva kwarinobva - nerubatsiro rwekukanganwira uye kudzikisa kutonhora - zvakachipa pane kudzitevera gare gare.

Rutivi rwekukanganwira rwe60/40

Mhando yepurasitiki haisi mhosva chete. Vamwe mainjiniya vanoikoshesa pamabasa akadai sekupukuta majoini, kushanda nefillet, kana kugadzira solder pakubatanidza kukuru, uko hwindo rinoshanda kwenguva pfupi rinobatsira chaizvo. Kune majoini asina kukanganiswa, 60/40 inoshanda zvakanaka uye inodhura zvishoma - ndosaka ichiramba iri default ine musoro kune zvechido zvese uye kugadzirisa.

Kusarudza pakati pe60/40 ne63/37 nekunyorera

Hapana chiumbwa chinokwanisa "kunaka" pasi rose; chimwe nechimwe chinokodzera basa rakasiyana. Enzanisa chiumbwa nebasa racho.

Nerudzi rwebasa

• SMT yakanaka uye nyanzvi yekusonesa nemaoko: 63/37. Kuomesa nechando kwakachena, kunoderedza kuungana kwezvisungo uye kutonhora kwezvisungo uko kunonyanya kukosha.
• Kubatanidza mafungu uye kuputira: 63/37 ndiyo sarudzo inowanzoitwa nekuda kwemaitiro ayo akafanana uye anofungidzirwa pamajoini akawanda panguva imwe chete.
• Basa rekuzvifadza, kugadzira zvinhu zvisina basa, nekugadzirisa zvinhu: 60/40 yakakwana zvakakwana uye inowanzo dhura.
• Kuveza nekupukuta majoini: Hwindo repurasitiki re60/40 rinopa nhanho pfupi inoshanda iyo vamwe mainjiniya vanosarudza.

Kune vanotanga kunyanya

Chero alloy inoshanda panguva yekudzidza, asi kuomesa ganda kwe63/37 kunoreva kuti majoini mashoma akakuvara nekuti hapana hwindo repurasitiki rekuti ruoko runozununguka rukanganise. Vazhinji vanotanga kuona kuti alloy iri nyore kuwana mhinduro dzakafanana nayo, ndosaka iriyo inokurudzirwa nevakawanda kuti pave ne first roll of solder kunyangwe ichidhura zvishoma.

Mutemo wesarudzo uri nyore

Kana basa riri diki, rakakora, kana kuti richifanira kuva rakavimbika, sarudza 63/37. Kana basa racho rakakura, risina maburi, risina kukanganiswa, uye risingabhadhari zvakanyanya, 60/40 rakanaka. Kana usina chokwadi, kushivirira kwakakura kwe63/37 kunoita kuti rive rakachengeteka - mutengo wakaderera unotenga kurongeka.

RoHS, isina mutobvu, uye uko solder ine mutobvu ichiripo

Zvose 60/40 na63/37 zvine lead, saka hapana imwe yadzo inotevedzera RoHS. Hadzigone kushandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvekutengeserana zvinotengeswa kuEU nedzimwe misika dzakawanda dzinorayira kurambidzwa kwezvinhu zvine njodzi.

Imwe nzira isina mutobvu

Pakugadzira zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa, vagadziri vanoshandisa ma alloys asina lead, anowanzo kuve SAC305 (96.5% tin, 3% sirivha, 0.5% copper). SAC305 inonyunguduka zvakanyanya — inenge 217–220 °C — uye inoita zvakasiyana ne lead solder: hainyorove zvakanyanya, inoita kunge isina kusimba kunyangwe kana iri chaiyo, uye inoda simbi dzinopisa uye kudzora mashandiro akasimba. Kuchinja kubva kune lead kuenda kune lead-free kuchinja maitiro, kwete kungochinjana zvinhu.

Kana solder ine lead ichiri kubvumidzwa uye ichifarirwa

Solder ine lead ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya pakugadzira, kugadzirisa patsva, kugadzirisa, kuita zvemitambo, uye mamwe mashandisirwo asina kuvimbika zvakanyanya - mundege, kudzivirira, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekurapa - uko lead ichiri kubvumidzwa nekuti kuvimbika kwayo kwakaratidzwa uye kusavapo kwengozi yetin-whisker kunopfuura zvimwe zvinonetsa. Pakudzidza kwezuva nezuva uye pabasa repabhenji apo RoHS isingashande, 63/37 na60/40 zvinoramba zviri sarudzo dzakanaka uye dziri nyore kushandisa.

Kusanganisa lead isina lead

Dzivisa kusanganisa zviviri izvi pajoini rimwe chete. Kusanganisa SAC305 ne lead solder kunoita kuti joini iite alloy isingafungidzike uye kunogona kushayisa simba joini. Kana bhodhi rakavakwa risina lead, rigadzirisezve risina lead; kana rakavakwa rine lead, rigadzirisezve. Chengeta solder yakasiyana uye, zvakanaka, paradzanisa mativi esimbi pane imwe neimwe.

Mafomu, kuchengetwa, uye kubata zvakachengeteka kwe alloys dzese dziri mbiri

Zvose 60/40 na63/37 zvinouya muchimiro chimwe chete, uye zvose zvinoda tsika dzakafanana dzekuchengetedza mutobvu.

Mafomu aripo

Mafomu akajairika iwaya yerosin-core (inoshandiswa nemaoko, ine flux yakavakirwa mukati), waya yakasimba (yekushandisa neflux yakasiyana), bar (yewave and dip soldering), uye paste (yekudhinda nestencil). Waya yakajairika yedhayamita ye0.6–0.8 mm inokodzera mabasa mazhinji ebhodhi; waya yakapfava inokodzera fine-pitch SMT, waya yakakora inokodzera majoini makuru newaya.

chengetedzo

Chengeta waya yekusonesa munzvimbo inotonhorera, yakaoma; zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvinotarisa zvinodiwa nezvinhu zvakaita seASTM B32 pakuumbwa kwayo. Waya inochengetwa kwemakore. Solder paste yakasiyana - ine zvinodiwa zvekuisa mufiriji uye kugara kwenguva refu izvo waya isingade, inofanira kuunzwa patembiricha yemukamuri isati yashandiswa, uye inoora kana yavhurwa, saka inotengwa kuti ikwane kugadzirwa pane kuchengetwa.

chengetedzo

Lead ine njodzi huru pahutano. Shanda nemhepo inofefetera, dzivisa kufema utsi hunobuda, usadye kana kunwa pabhenji, uye geza maoko ako mushure mekubata lead solder. Chengeta solder nechikafu zvakaparadzana. Kudzivirira uku kuri nyore uye hakuchinjiki, uye kunoshanda zvakaenzana pa60/40 na63/37 - ma alloys akasiyana pakunyunguduka, kwete muchetura.

Kutsanangura solder alloy yako pachirongwa chekuunganidza

Kana ukatora nzvimbo yekubatanidza zvinhu kunze, sarudzo ye alloy haisi yekungoda chete - inochinja maitiro, chimiro chekupisa, uye misika yaunogona kutengesa zviri pamutemo. Taura nezvazvo pachine nguva.

Zvekutaura

• Yakaremerwa vs. isina lead — ichi ndicho chisarudzo chekutanga uye chakakosha, chinotungamirirwa nemitemo yekutevedzera mitemo yemusika wako waunoda.
• Chiumbwa chaicho kana chakagadzirwa netambo — 63/37 yekushanda zvakanaka uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya, 60/40 apo mari uye majoini asina kukanganiswa.
• Magwaro ekutevedzera mitemo anodiwa — Zviziviso zveRoHS/REACH kana uri kutengesa mumisika inotongwa nemutemo.

Nei zvichichinja maitiro

Tambo isina lead ine chimiro chekuchinjana kwemvura chinopisa chine tembiricha yepamusoro uye kudzora kwakasimba kupfuura tambo ine lead; zviviri izvi hazvichinjiki pakati pekushanda. Kuudza muunganidzi wako nezve alloy uye chinangwa chekutevedzera zvinodiwa usati wagadzira kunoita kuti vagadzire chimiro chekupisa chakakodzera, vasarudze paste inoenderana, uye vosimbisa kuti bhodhi nezvikamu zvinogona kurarama tembiricha inodiwa.

Kubva pane zvakatsanangurwa kusvika pabhodhi rakavakwa

Highleap Electronics inoshandisa mitsara yekubatanidza isina lead uye RoHS uye ichasimbisa alloy yakakodzera, chimiro chekudzokororwa kwemvura, uye magwaro ebhodhi rako uye musika waunoda usati watanga kugadzira - ichiratidza chero kutevedzera mitemo kana kunetseka kwekupisa panguva yekuongorora kweDFM kwemahara.

Tora mutengo wePCB gungano →

Mibvunzo inowanzobvunzwa

Ko solder ye63/37 kana 60/40 iri nani here?

Kune akawanda mabasa emagetsi, 63/37 — maitiro ayo eutectic anopa kuomesa kwakachena, nekukurumidza kunodzivirira majoini anotonhora, izvo zvinonyanya kukosha pakupinza zvinyoro nyoro uye kusundira kwehunyanzvi. 60/40 yakachipa uye yakakodzera kwazvo pabasa rekuzvivaraidza uye pabasa rinobuda mugomba.

Ko 60/40 uye 63/37 zvinonyunguduka patembiricha imwe chete here?

Dzinotanga kunyunguduka panzvimbo imwe chete, 183 °C. 63/37 inenge iri mvura yakakwana ipapo; 60/40 haisi mvura yakakwana kusvika pa190 °C, zvichiita kuti ive purasitiki isina 63/37.

Chii chinonzi eutectic solder?

Imwe ine musanganiswa wayo inonyunguduka uye inooma nechando pakupisa kwakasimba, sesimbi yakachena. 63/37 isimbi ine tin-lead alloy; 60/40 iri pedyo nepfungwa ye eutectic uye haisi.

Ndingashandisa ma solder aya here muzvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kuEurope?

Kwete. Ose ane lead ne fail RoHS. Shandisa alloy isina lead yakaita seSAC305 pazvigadzirwa zvekutengeserana zvinotengeswa muEU nemisika yakafanana.

Sei joini yangu ye60/40 ichiratidzika kunge isina kusimba uye ine manyowa?

Pamwe chikamu chakakanganiswa — chikamu chacho chakafamba apo solder ichiri mupurasitiki. Dzokorora kupisa neflux kusvika chayerera kuita koni inopenya, yakatsetseka, wobva waibata zvakanaka ichitonhorera.

Imwe simbi yakasimba kupfuura imwe here?

63/37 yakasimba zvishoma uye inogara kwenguva refu, asi kune akawanda majoini musiyano wacho mudiki. Kuenderana, kwete simba rayo, ndicho chikonzero chaicho chinoita kuti nyanzvi dziifarire.

Ndingagona here kusanganisa 60/40 na63/37?

Unogona, uye mhedzisiro yacho inongova musanganiswa we "near-eutectic", asi hapana chikonzero chekuzviita nemaune. Dzivisa kusanganisa lead solder ne "lead-free", zvisinei - musanganiswa iwoyo unonyunguduka zvisingatarisirwi uye unogona kushayisa simba majoini.