Kunzwisisa Musiyano Pakati peHASL uye Lead-Yemahara HASL

Munyika yekugadzira PCB, kusarudza kupedzisa kwakanaka kwebhodhi kwakakosha pakuona kuti bhodhi rinogara kwenguva refu uye rinoita basa. Maviri ekugadzirisa anonyanya kushandiswa ndeaya: Hot Air Solder Leveling (HASL) uye Lead-free HASL. Kunyange zvazvo kupedzisa kwese kuri kuzadzisa chinangwa chimwe chete chekupa layer yekudzivirira ngura uye kuwedzera kugona kwayo kusundidzira, pane musiyano mukuru pakati pezviviri izvi. Musiyano mukuru uri muzvinhu zvinoshandiswa—kunyanya, kana solder alloy ine lead.

Muchinyorwa chino, isu tichaongorora nuances yeHASL uye Lead-isina HASL, tichipa nzwisiso mumabhenefiti avo, zvipingamupinyi, uye mamiriro ayo ega ega akanyatsokodzera. Gwaro iri rinobatsira vagadziri uye mainjiniya kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo pakusarudza kupedzisa kwepamusoro kwePCB dzavo.

Chii chinonzi PCB Surface Finish?

PCB pamusoro pekupedzisira inoreva maitiro ekupfekedza mapedhi emhangura akafumurwa ePCB neruzhowa rwesimbi kana zvimwe zvinhu kudzivirira mhangura kubva kune oxidation uye nekupa nzvimbo yakakodzera yezvinotengeswa. Kupedzisa kwekudzivirira uku kwakakosha nekuti inoita kuti PCB irambe ichishanda nekufamba kwenguva uye kuti zvikamu zvinonamatira kumusoro panguva yekuungana.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemagadzirirwo epamusoro anoshandiswa mukugadzira maPCB , dzinosanganisira:

• Hot Air Solder Leveling (HASL)
• Electroless Nickel/Immersion Gold (ENIG)
• Kunyudza Sirivha (ImAg)
• Organic Solderability Preservative (OSP)
• Kunyudza Tin (ImSn)

Kupera kwega kwega kune yakasarudzika zvivakwa zvinoita kuti iwedzere kukodzera kune mamwe maapplication, zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita semutengo, kuita, uye mirau yezvakatipoteredza.

Hot Air Solder Leveling (HASL)

Hot Air Solder Leveling, inowanzopfupikiswa seHASL, ndeimwe yekare uye inonyanya kushandiswa PCB pamusoro pekupedzisira. Mukuita kweHASL, PCB inonyikwa mubhavhu rakanyungudutswa rekutengesa, iro rinowanzo sanganisira musanganiswa wetin nemutobvu. Mushure mokunge bhodhi yakaputirwa ne solder, iyo yakawandisa solder inobviswa kuburikidza nekupfuura bhodhi kuburikidza nemhepo inopisa mapanga, ichisiya yunifomu ye solder yakaputirwa pamapadhi emhangura akajeka.

Zvakanakira zveHASL:

• Zvinodhura-Zvinoshanda: HASL ndeimwe yeinodhura isingadhure yekupedzisa, ichiita sarudzo yakakurumbira yekugadzira vhoriyamu yakakura.
• Zvakanaka Solderability: Iyo solder coating yakapihwa neHASL inogonesa kunyorova, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutengesa zvikamu paPCB.
• Indasitiri Inopupurirwa: HASL yakashandiswa kwemakumi emakore mukugadzira PCB, ichipa kuvimbika uye nyore kushandisa.

Cons of HASL:

• Lead Kusvibiswa: HASL inoshandisa tin-lead alloys, zvichiita kuti isaenderane neRoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) mirau. Uku kunetseka kwakanyanya kune vagadziri vanovavarira kugadzirwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
• Haikodzeri Zvikamu Zvidiki: HASL inokodzera zvirinani kune hombe, kuburikidza-gomba zvikamu kana zvechinyakare pamusoro-momo tekinoroji (SMT) mabhodhi. Inogona kukonzera nyaya nediki diki mativi kana yakanaka-pitch dhizaini.
• Zvinogona Kubatanidza: Solder yakanyungudutswa yakashandiswa panguva yeHASL inogona kukonzera mapfupi maseketi kana mabhiriji ekutengesa pamapadhi akanyatso paradzana.

Inotungamira-Yemahara HASL

LEad-isina HASL ndeimwe nzira yechinyakare HASL inoshandisa lead-isina solder alloys, senge tin-silver-copper (SAC) kana mamwe maumbirwo akafanana, kupfeka PCB. Kupedzisa uku kwakaunzwa kuti isangane nemiyero yezvakatipoteredza uye kubvisa njodzi dzehutano dzine chekuita nekuratidzwa kwe lead.

Mukuita kweHASL isina lead-isina, PCB inonyikwa mune yakanyungudutswa ine lead-isina solder bath, uye yakawandisa solder inobviswa pachishandiswa mapanga emhepo inopisa, yakafanana neyechinyakare HASL. Musiyano wekutanga ndeye kushandiswa kwepamusoro-kunyungudika-point solder alloys isina lead.

Zvakanakira zveLead-Yemahara HASL

• • RoHS ateerere: Lead-isina HASL inosangana nemirairo yeRoHS, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo ine hushamwari kune maindasitiri anovavarira kudzikisa kushandiswa kwe lead.
    
  • Yakanakisa Solderability: Lead-isina HASL inopa yakanaka yekunyorova zvivakwa, kuve nechokwadi chakavimbika chechikamu chinonamatira panguva yegungano.
    
  • Inokodzera Zvigadzirwa Zvikuru: Sechinyakare HASL, lead-isina HASL yakanakira kuburikidza-gomba uye yakakura pamusoro-yepamusoro-inokwira zvikamu.

Cons of Lead-Yemahara HASL

• • Higher Processing Temperatures: Alloys asina lead ane mapoinzi epamusoro ekunyunguduka pane echinyakare tin-lead alloys, anowanzo kutenderedza 260°C kusvika 270°C, izvo zvinoda kukwirisa tembiricha uye zvinogona kudzvanya zvinosiririsa.
    
  • Haina Yakanakira Diki Circuit Dhizaini: Nekuda kwekushisa kwakanyanya kwekugadzirisa, lead-isina HASL haina kukodzera kune zvidiki, zvakanaka-pitch zvikamu, kunyanya mu-high-density interconnect (HDI) magadzirirwo.
    
  • Dull Kuonekwa: HASL isina mutobvu kazhinji inoguma nekufinyama, matte kupera kana ichienzaniswa neinopenya kutaridzika kwe lead-based HASL, iyo inogona kunge isingafadzi mune mamwe maapplication.

Misiyano Yakakosha Pakati peHASL neLead-Yemahara HASL

Paunenge uchisarudza pakati peHot Air Solder Leveling (HASL) uye Lead-Yemahara HASL yePCB yako yekumusoro kupedzisa, akati wandei akakosha zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvepurojekiti yako. HASL yagara ichishandisa tin-lead (SnPb) alloy, iyo inodhura-inoshanda uye inopa yakanaka solderability. Nekudaro, haisi RoHS inoenderana, ichiita kuti isakodzere maindasitiri anoda kutevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza. Inotungamira-Yemahara HASL, kune rumwe rutivi, inoshandisa inotungamira-isina alloy seTin-Silver-Mhangura (SAC), ichiita kuti RoHS ienderane uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, izvo zvakakosha kune zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa munzvimbo dzinotemerwa zvirambidzo zvekutungamira, seEurope.

Imwe yemisiyano inonyanya kukosha pakati pezviviri zvinopera ndeyekunyungudika kwavo. HASL ine nzvimbo yakaderera yekunyunguduka inosvika 183 ° C, iyo inokodzera zvikumbiro panodiwa tembiricha yakaderera yekuyerera. Izvi zvinoita kuti HASL ive yakanaka kune yechinyakare kuburikidza-gomba uye yakakura yepamusoro-momo tekinoroji (SMT) dhizaini. LEad-Free HASL, nekusiyana, inoshanda pakupisa kwakanyanya-pakati pe 260 ° C uye 270 ° C - izvo zvingada kugadziriswa kwemaitiro ekugadzira, kunyanya kune zvinopisa zvinopisa. Nepo izvi zvichiita kuti Lead-Yemahara HASL ive nani kune mamwe epamusoro-tembiricha maapplication, inogona kuunza matambudziko kana uchishanda nediki kana kupfuura akatetepa madhizaini.

Chitarisiko uye mutengo weaya mapedzi zvakare akasiyana. HASL inowanzokonzera kupenya, kupenya kupedzisa pabhodhi, ichipa nzvimbo inoyevedza. Nekudaro, kushandiswa kwematin-lead alloys uye yakakwira nharaunda kukanganisa kunogona kunge kusiri kwakanakira makambani ane chinangwa chekugadzira eco-hushamwari zvigadzirwa. Inotungamira-Yemahara HASL, nepo ichikonzera kudota, matte kupera, inopa yakawedzera hushamwari mhinduro pasina kupa solderability. Panyaya yemutengo, HASL kazhinji inodhura zvishoma nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera wematani-lead alloys, nepo Lead-Yemahara HASL ichida kudhura zvishoma nekuda kwemitengo yakakwira inoenderana nezvinhu zvisina mutobvu. Uyu mutsauko wemutengo unofanirwa kutariswa kana uchifunga nezve chaiyo yepamusoro pekupedzisira yekushandisa kwako, kuenzanisa mutengo nemamiriro ekunze uye kuita zvinodiwa.

Kuenzanisa Tafura: HASL vs Lead-Mahara HASL

Kusarudza iyo Yakarurama Surface Pedzisa yePCB Yako

Kusarudza kupedzisa kwepamusoro kwePCB yako isarudzo yakakosha inokanganisa mashandiro, hupenyu hurefu, uye kutevedza kwechigadzirwa chako. Sarudzo inoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira mirau yezvakatipoteredza, dhizaini yakaoma, chikamu chechikamu, uye zvipingaidzo zvemutengo.

Kugadzirwa Kwemagetsi Anoshanda Nemutengo Wakawanda : Kana mutengo uri chinhu chikuru uye kusatevedzera RoHS, HASL (Hot Air Solder Leveling) yechinyakare inogona kuva sarudzo inoshanda. Imhinduro inodhura zvishoma yakakodzera kugadzirwa kwemagadzirirwo asina kuoma uye zvikamu zvinopinda nepakati. Kupedzisa kwayo kunoita kuti igone kusunganidzwa zvakanaka uye inowanikwa zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inozivikanwa kune akawanda mashandisirwo akajairika.

Kutevedzera RoHS uye Mutoro weZvakatipoteredza : HASL isina mutobvu ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisisa kune vagadziri vanoda kuzadzisa RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) kutevedzwa, kunyanya mumaindasitiri akadai semagetsi evatengi, mota, uye zvishandiso zvekurapa. Kushandiswa kwesimbi dzisina mutobvu, dzakadai seTin-Silver-Copper (SAC), kunoita kuti bhodhi risvike pazvinodiwa zvakatipoteredza uku richichengetedza kugona kusungirirwa zvakanaka. HASL isina mutobvu ndiyo sarudzo inosarudzwa kana kukanganisa zvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedzeka zviri zvinhu zvakakosha.

Kune Magadzirirwo Akaomarara kana Ane Density : Paunenge uchishanda nezvikamu zve "small-pitch components", " high-density interconnect s" (HDI), kana "fine-pitch designs", HASL kana "lead-free HASL" hazvingave zvakanakisa pakupedzisa pamusoro. Pamashandisirwo aya, zvigadziko zvakaita seENIG (Electroless Nickel/Immersion Gold) kana OSP (Organic Solderability Preservative) zvinowanzo kukodzera. Zvigadziko izvi zvinopa kutsetseka kwepamusoro, kugona kusvetukira zviri nani, uye kubatana kukuru nezvikamu zvidiki uye zvakapfava, zvichiita kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuvimbika uye kushanda zvakanaka mumabhodhi ane density yakakura. Semuenzaniso, ENIG inopa nzvimbo yakapfava, inodzivirira ngura yakakodzera magadzirirwo epamusoro ePCB uye inoita kuti zvigadziko zve "fine-pitch" zvive zvakavimbika uye zvinokurumidza.

mhedziso

Ose ari maviri Kupisa Mhepo Solder Leveling (HASL) uye Lead-Yemahara HASL anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muPCB indasitiri, asi anosiyana zvakanyanya mukukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kukodzera kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemagadzirirwo. HASL isarudzo yehupfumi yakashandiswa kwemakumi emakore asi inowira pasi maererano neRoHS kutevedza nekuda kwekushandisa kwayo lead-based alloys. Kune rimwe divi, Lead-isina HASL inonyanya kushamwaridzana nharaunda uye inoenderana neRoHS, asi inoda yakanyanya kupisa tembiricha uye haina kukodzera kune madiki, akakwira-density dhizaini.

Pakupedzisira, sarudzo pakati peHASL neLead-isina HASL inodzika kuzvinhu zvakaita semutengo, kutevedzera, kuoma kwebhodhi, uye kufunga nezvezvakatipoteredza. Sezvo maindasitiri arikuenderera mberi achienda kune mamwe maitiro akasimba, kupedzisa-yemahara kupedzisa kungangowedzera kuwanda, asi yechinyakare HASL inoramba iri sarudzo inoshanda kune akawanda maapplication.

FAQs

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peHASL uye ENIG pamusoro pekupedzisira?

ENIG (Electroless Nickel/Immersion Goridhe) inopa kupfava kwepamusoro, zvichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune yakakwirira-density dhizaini. Mukupesana, HASL inodhura-inoshanda asi haina kukodzera kudiki-pitch kana yakaoma marongero.

Ndinogona here kushandisa Lead-Yemahara HASL yemhando yepamusoro-density interconnect (HDI) magadzirirwo?

Kwete, Lead-Yemahara HASL haina kunaka kune HDI dhizaini nekuda kwekukwira kwayo tembiricha yekugadziridza uye mukana wekusaenzana wekuputira solder pazvinhu zvidiki.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganisa sarudzo pakati peHASL neLead-Free HASL?

Zvinhu zvakakosha mutengo, kutevedzera kwezvakatipoteredza, dhizaini yakaoma, uye rudzi rwezvikamu zvinoshandiswa. Kana mutengo uri chinhu chikuru uye kutevedzera RoHS hakudiwi, HASL isarudzo iri nani. Lead-Yemahara HASL yakakodzera kana mitemo yezvakatipoteredza inoda kusangana.

Inotungamira-Yemahara HASL inokanganisa kusimba kwePCB?

Lead-Yemahara HASL inopa kusimba kwakafanana kune yechinyakare HASL, asi yayo yepamusoro yekugadzirisa tembiricha inogona kumanikidza zvinhu zvinonetsa. Nekudaro, inoenderana neRoHS uye ine hushamwari hwakatipoteredza.

Nei HASL ichidhura zvakanyanya kupfuura Lead-Yemahara HASL?

HASL inoshandisa tin-lead alloys, iyo isingadhure pane inotungamira-isina zvinhu zvinoshandiswa muLead-Free HASL, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inodhura-inoshanda yekugadzira yakakura.

Pane musiyano wakakosha mukutengesa pakati peHASL neLead-Free HASL?

Ose anopedzisa anopa yakanakisa solderability. Nekudaro, Lead-Yemahara HASL ingangoda tembiricha yakakwira yekusodha, iyo inogona kuve yekutarisa kune inopisa-sensitive zvikamu.