Dhizaini uye Kugadzira PCB yeKiibhodhi Matrix | Anti-Ghosting
Dhizaini yePCB yematrix yekhibhodi inoshandura maswitch akawanda kuita seti inoshanda ye row row uye column signals . Matrix, diode direction, scan timing, debounce, optional layout positions uye firmware pin map zvinofanirwa kutsanangura chigadzirwa chimwe chete chakafanana. Kukanganisa kwe routing kunogona kukanganisa key imwe chete, row yese, column kana musanganiswa chaiwo wemakiyi akawanda, saka kuyedzwa kwekugadzira kunofanirwa kupfuura kuenderera mberi kwe bare-board.
Highleap Electronics inotsigira kugadzirwa kwePCB yekhibhodi, kuungana kwePCBA, kuronga firmware uye kugadzirwa kwemitambo yekuedza matrix yemakiyibhodhi, makiyibhodhi nemapaneru ekudzora. Vatengi vanogona kukumbira mutengo wekutanga vachishandisa nhamba yemakiyi, marongerwo uye huwandu hunotarisirwa; schematic yakazara haidiwi kune yekutanga kubata.
Mazhinji ma matrices ekhibhodi anoshandiswa pazvikamu zviviri zvemhangura uye anogona kushandisa zvikamu kumativi ese. PCB ine zvikamu zviviri haina kufanana nekubatanidza mativi maviri, uye nzira yekuronga matrix haifanirwe kutsanangurwa seinoda bhodhi rine mativi maviri chete nekuti maswitch anoonekwa pamusoro.
Tanga chirevo chePCB cheKibodi Matrix
Tiudzei huwandu hwezvinhu zvakakosha kana marongerwo azvo, huwandu hunofungidzirwa, zvinodiwa newaya kana kuti zvisina waya uye kana muchida kugadzirwa kwePCB, kuunganidza, kuronga mapurogiramu kana kuyedzwa. Batanidzai mufananidzo wematrix, Gerber, mufananidzo kana reference chete kana zviripo. Hapana schematic inodiwa pamutengo wekutanga.
Magadzirirwo eKiibhodhi Matrix uye Dhizaini
Mitsara nemakoramu zvinoderedza kuwanda kwemapini nekutarisa nzvimbo dzinosangana pane kuisa pini imwe chete yeMCU kukiyi yega yega. Zviyero zvematrix zvinofanirwa kusarudzwa zvichienderana nekuwanikwa kweMCU GPIO, physical routing, firmware support uye optional key positions mupfungwa. Matrix inoshanda haisiriyo nguva dzose rectangle diki yemasvomhu; matrix yakakura zvishoma inogona kugadzira routing yakachena kana rutsigiro rwakasiyana zviri nani.
| Dhizaini yekupinza | Nei zvichikosha | Humbowo hwekuburitsa |
|---|---|---|
| Mepu yemutsara/koramu | Inobatanidza nzvimbo dzekuchinjana kwemuviri kune mapini eMCU | Mapa e matrix uye tsananguro ye firmware zvinoshandisa mazita emutsara nemakoramu akafanana. |
| Marongerwo esarudzo | Inogona kugadzira nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinoshandiswa pamwe chete kana kuti nzvimbo dzisina kushandiswa | Matrix yakasiyana yakanyorwa; hapana zviitiko zvakakosha zvakafanana zvisina kujeka. |
| Chinobatanidza kana chinongedzo chakapatsanurwa | Inowedzera mitsara/makoramu kune rimwe bhodhi kana module | Pinout, dziviriro uye maitiro etambo zvinotsanangurwa. |
| Test points | Inobvumira kupinda muzvishandiso pasina kuisa swichi dzese | Saizi yemapedhi, nzvimbo uye mazita ewebhu zvinosanganisirwa mumagwaro ebvunzo. |
Kutenga uye Kugadzira Zvinhu zveKiibhodhi Matrix PCB
Chirevo chekutanga hachidi pasuru yemagetsi yakazadzwa, asi kuburitswa kwekugadzirwa kunozoda tsananguro yakajeka yenzvimbo yekiyi. Ruzivo rwekutanga runobatsira zvikuru ihurongwa hwemuviri, nhamba yemakiyi anofungidzirwa, ma interface anodiwa uye kana mutengi atove nefirmware. Highleap inogona kuona kana purojekiti iri nyore kuvaka matrix, shanduko yehurongwa kana kuti pasuru yekugadzira controller-plus-firmware.
| chiyamuro | Nei zvichikosha | Fomu rekutanga rekubvunza rinogamuchirika |
|---|---|---|
| Kurongeka kwekiyi chaiyo | Inotsanangura nzvimbo dzekuchinjana, nzvimbo dzesarudzo uye saizi ye matrix inogona kunge iripo. | Mufananidzo, dhizaini yeKLE, dhizaini kana kiibhodhi rekutarisa. |
| Chinangwa chekutenderera | Inokanganisa huwandu hwema diode, firmware uye musanganiswa wekusimbisa. | Taura mitambo yakajairika yekunyora, mitambo/NKRO kana musanganiswa wakatsanangurwa nevatengi. |
| Maitiro ekutonga | Inosarudza GPIO iripo, chiyero cheskena uye firmware ecosystem. | Zita reMCU kana rakasarudzwa, kana zvisina kudaro wairesi/isina waya uye firmware inodiwa. |
| Kuwanikwa kwezviwanikwa | Inoparadzanisa PCB isina chinhu, matrix yakaunganidzwa, PCBA yakarongwa uye bvunzo yakazara. | Sarudza nhanho yebasa iri pedyo. |
Madiodhi, Zvipo uye Kutenderera Kwekiyi
Nei kupopota kuchiitika
Pasina kupatsanurwa, mimwe misanganiswa yemakiyi matatu inogona kugadzira nzira yemagetsi isingatarisirwi inoonekwa sekiyi yechina. Matrix diodes anoderedza mafambiro emagetsi uye anowanzoiswa pa switch imwe neimwe kana paine makiyi akawanda akasimba. Kurongeka kwawo kunofanirwa kuenderana netsananguro ye matrix uye mafambiro e firmware scan.
Kurwisa mweya hakuna kufanana neNKRO
Ma diode e-per-key anobvisa chikonzero chikuru chemagetsi chinokonzera ghosting, asi maitiro ekupedzisira ekutenderera anoenderanawo nefirmware, USB HID report format, wireless protocol uye musanganiswa chaiwo wakaedzwa. Saka, zvichemo zvekushambadzira zvinofanirwa kusungirirwa kune chirongwa chekuyedza chakatenderwa, kwete kungofungidzirwa kubva kuPCB artwork chete.
Marongero esarudzo anogadzira njodzi yakavanzika yematrix
PCB yepasi rose inogona kusanganisira ANSI/ISO enter, split backspace, split spacebar kana alternative bottom-row positions. Ma switch footprints anogona kugovana matrix node, asi assembly drawing ne firmware zvinofanirwa kuratidza kuti ndeapi mapositions akanyatsoiswa. Zvinzvimbo zvisingadzorwi zvinogona kugadzira makiyi akafanana, musanganiswa usingagoneki kana test fixture inodzvanya coordinate isiriyo.
- Taura kurongeka kwe diode nechiratidzo che cathode chakajeka uye mufananidzo wekuunganidza.
- Chengetedza nzvimbo dzekusarudza kubva pakugadzira nzira dzakafanana dzisina kurongeka.
- Simbisa misanganiswa yemakiyi akawanda akasarudzwa kubva pakushandiswa chaiko kwechigadzirwa.
- Tsanangura kana chinangwa chekugamuchira chiri 6KRO, NKRO kana seti yebvunzo inoenderana nevatengi.
Kuronga, Kuskena uye Kubatana kweFirmware paRow/Column
Zviratidzo zveMatrix zvinomhanya zvishoma, asi marongerwo asina kunaka anogona kukonzera matambudziko ekugadzira uye EMC. Kumhanya kwenguva refu kunogona kubatanidza ruzha rwekuchinjana kwe LED; ma vias akaiswa pasi pe switch pins anogona kuderedza kupenya kwemuchina; ma traces akaendeswa pedyo zvakanyanya nemipendero yebhodhi kana maburi ekukwirisa anogona kukuvara panguva yekubvisa mapanelization kana kubatanidzwa. Highleap reviews spacing, hole relationships, diode access uye test-point placement panguva yeDFM review.
- Chengeta mazita emutsara/koramu akafanana pane mamwe maPCB labels, firmware uye fixtures.
- Isa ma diode ane polarity reference inooneka uye machine-readable orientation.
- Dzivisa nzira inoda kudzorwa kwemutsipa zvisina kufanira uchitenderedza maburi ekuchinja anodzokororwa.
- Ipa mukana wekuyedza mambure emutsara nekoramu uko kunotarisirwa kuongororwa kwezvishandiso.
- Siyanisa nzira dzemagetsi e LED dzine ruzha kubva kune dzinonzwa kugadzirisazve controller, oscillator uye nzvimbo dze USB.
Matrix traces inowanzova yekumhanya kwakaderera, asi routing ichiri kukanganisa kugadzirwa, EMI susceptibility, connector containment uye test access. Mazhinji keyboard boards ane two layer PCBs, kunyangwe dense RGB, wireless modules kana complex control sections zvingada mamwe layers. Ground durs haifanirwe kushandiswa sechikonzero chekusiya matight return bottlenecks kana kusona zvisina kunaka pamativi emagetsi ane ruzha nenzvimbo dze USB.
| Dambudziko renzira | Mhedzisiro inogona kuitika | Kudzora kunokurudzirwa |
|---|---|---|
| Mutsetse/koramu refu yakaenzana inomhanya pedyo nemitsara ye LED kana wachi | Ruzha rwakabatana kana kupatsanurwa kwezvikanganiso kwakaoma | Shandisa nzvimbo dzakatarwa, nzira dzakatsanangurwa dzekudzoka uye mazita enet akagadzirwa nemapoka. |
| Madiodhi akavanzwa pasi pemasoketi kana maplate | Kuoma kwekuongorora nekugadzirisa patsva | Rongedza nguva dzose uye chengetedza mukana wekuona/kuona kana zvichibvira. |
| Mafambiro akagovaniswa emhando dzakasiyana-siyana | Zvimedu zvemhangura uye gungano risinganyatsojeka | Nyora nzvimbo dzakaiswa/dzisina kuiswa wobva waita bvunzo dzakasiyana-siyana. |
| Hapana mukana wekuyedza | Kuongorora chirwere nemaoko zvishoma nezvishoma | Wedzera matrix kana mapoinzi ebvunzo eMCU anoenderana nechinhu chakagadzirwa. |
Kuskena, Kubvisa Debounce uye Kubatana kweFirmware
Kuburitswa kwehardware kunofanirwa kuenderana netsananguro yefirmware matrix. Mapin emutsara, mapin ekoramu, diode direction, bootloader, keymap uye chigadzirwa chakasiyana zvinofanirwa kunge zvine ma identifiers ekudzokorora. Magadzirirwo eDebounce anofanirwa kusimbiswa ne switch chaiyo kana tekinoroji yekubatana pane kukopwa zvisina kujeka kubva kune imwe keyboard.
Kune QMK/VIA kana firmware yemutengi, Highleap inogona kurodha binary inotenderwa uye kusimbisa mepu yekiyi ye physical-to-logical. Kugadzirwa kweFirmware uye muridzi wealgorithm zvinoramba zvakatsanangurwa nemutengi kunze kwekunge zvabatanidzwa zvakasiyana muchirongwa cheprojekiti.
Rondedzero Yekuongorora Dhizaini yeKiibhodhi Matrix
| Ongorora chinhu | mubvunzo | Nei zvichikosha |
|---|---|---|
| Matrix saizi | Kuverengwa kwemutsara/koramu kunoenderana nekiyi yega yega chaiyo uye yesarudzo here? | Inodzivirira nzvimbo dzisina kurongwa kana kudzokororwa. |
| Kutungamirirwa kwediode | Ko mamaki ePCB, kurongeka kweassembling uye gwara re firmware scan zvinobvumirana here? | Inodzivirira kukundikana kwebhodhi rese kana makiyi akawanda. |
| Kushandiswa kweGPIO | Boot, debug, USB uye peripheral pins zvinodzivirirwa kubva mukukakavadzana here? | Inochengetedza mapurogiramu uye kupora. |
| Marongerwo esarudzo | Makiyi akasiyana anotsanangurwa zvakajeka neSKU here? | Inochengetedza BOM, firmware uye fixture zvichienderana. |
| Test points | Ko zvikanganiso zvemutsara/koramu zvinogona kupatsanurwa pasina kuongorora mapini eMCU akanaka here? | Inoderedza kuongororwa kwechirwere uye nguva yekuchinja mashandiro. |
Kugadzira, Kuunganidza, uye Kugadzira PCB
Mapatani eswitch ne diode akadzokororwa anoita kuti ma matrices ekhibhodi akwane pakugadzira otomatiki, asi mapatani akadzokororwa anogonawo kuvanza zvikanganiso zvehurongwa. Chirongwa che diode chakadzokororwa kana feeder orientation isina kunaka zvinogona kukanganisa bhodhi rese. Saka verification yekutanga inofanira kutarisa polarity pama coordinates akawanda uye kusimbisa key scan chaiyo usati watanga.
Kuedzwa kwemagetsi kusina bhodhi kunosimbisa kubatana kwemhangura asi hakugone kuratidza maitiro e matrix mushure mekunge zvikamu ne firmware zvawedzerwa. AOI inoona polarity yakawanda uye zvikanganiso zve solder, ukuwo functional fixture ichisimbisa system. Zvese zvinodiwa kuti pave nekudzora kwakakosha.
Hapana chinodiwa chePCB schematic pamutengo wekutanga. Mutengi anogona kutanga nehurongwa, nhamba yemakiyi uye mabasa aanoda; matrix yakadzama uye data rekuburitsa zvinosimbiswa zvisati zvagadzirwa.
Kugadziriswa kweMatrix Test uye Kusabatanidzwa Kwekukundikana
Chishandiso chakanaka chinoita zvinopfuura kungotaura kuti "keyboard yakundikana." Chinoratidza boka ringangokundikana. Kana kiyi yega yega iri mumutsara mumwe ikakundikana, chishandiso kana software inofanira kunongedzera ku row net, MCU pin, series component kana solder joint. Kana kiyi imwe chete ikakundikana, kuongororwa kunofanira kusiyanisa switch kana hot-swap socket contact, diode orientation, open trace uye firmware mapping.
| Maitiro ekukundikana | Nzvimbo ingangove | Kuongororwa kunokurudzirwa |
|---|---|---|
| Kiyi imwe chete hainyorese | Switch/socket, diode, local trace kana keymap. | Tarisa mativi ese e diode woenzanisa raw matrix event ne USB output. |
| Mutsara wese kana koramu hazvishande | Pini yeMCU, chinongedzo, common trace, solder bridge kana firmware pin assignment. | Kuenderera mberi uye kutarisa chiratidzo kubva panzvimbo yekugadzira kuenda kune controller. |
| Kodhi yekiyi isiriyo inoonekwa | Mepu yeFirmware, tsananguro yemutsara/koramu yakachinjwa kana tsananguro yemhando dzakasiyana. | Enzanisa physical coordinate, raw scan position uye released binary. |
| Kukundikana chete nemakiyi akawanda | Hapana kana diode yakadzoserwa shure, firmware rollover kana protocol limit. | Shandisa matrix yakabvumidzwa yekubatanidza uye ongorora huwandu hwema diode. |
Chinhu chinobatidza nhare kana kuti chinhu chinoshandiswa pakuita makiyi chinogona kukurudzira switch node yega yega, kuverenga USB kana serial output uye kuenzanisa mhedzisiro nekiyi map yakaburitswa. Inofanira kusiyanisa ma open traces, reversed diodes, solder bridges, wrong MCU pins uye firmware mapping errors. Kubatanidza electrical net test ne application-level event test kunoderedza kuongororwa kwenhema.
- Tanga waongorora simba, wachi uye MCU programming.
- Tarisa mamiriro ekusashanda kwemutsara nekoramu.
- Kurudzira kusangana kwese kwematrix.
- Shandisa makiyi akawanda akatsanangurwa kuti ushandise ghosting uye rollover.
- Simbisa nzvimbo dzesarudzo dzekugadzirisa chete pane imwe shanduro yakakodzera.
- Nyora zvikanganiso uchishandisa nzvimbo yewebhu uye kiyi chaiyo.
NPI, Shanduko dzeUinjiniya uye Zvinyorwa zveKugadzira
Munguva yeNPI, matrix yekutanga yakaunganidzwa inofanira kusimbiswa ne firmware imwe chete inodzorwa uye mepu yekiyi chaiyo. Kuchinja kwemainjiniya kunofanirwa kuona kana kuchichinja copper, diode direction, MCU pins, bootloader, keymap kana fixture software; PCB revision diki inogona kukanganisa chirongwa chekuyedza kunyangwe kana outline isina kuchinja.
Chirevo chekutanga chinogona kutanga nehurongwa, huwandu hunofungidzirwa uye chiyero chekupa zvinodiwa. Pamberi pekuburitswa kwekugadzirwa, package inodzorwa inowanzo sanganisira Gerber kana ODB++, drill data, BOM, centroid, assembly drawings, matrix table, firmware binary, keymap uye zvinodiwa zvebvunzo.
Matrix yakagadzikana, firmware uye variant definitions zvinovandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwepaneru, kutenga zvikamu uye kushandisazve michina. Mamwe ma diode, maMCU uye ma connectors anofanirwa kuongororwa kuti aonekwe kana paine package, polarity, electrical behavior uye programming impact vasati vaburitswa.
Kuongorora uye Zvinyorwa zveMatrix PCB
Kana zvataurwa nezveodha, zvinyorwa zvinogona kusanganisira bvunzo yemagetsi isina bhodhi, kuongororwa kwe diode polarity, AOI, kuvandudzwa kwefirmware, mhedzisiro yekuongorora mutsetse/koramu, kubuda kwekiyi yega yega uye musanganiswa we rollover wakatenderwa. Zvinyorwa izvi zvinofanirwa kusungirirwa kuPCB imwechete, firmware uye kugadziriswa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa Pakugadzira PCB yeKiibhodhi Matrix
Sei ma diode achishandiswa mu keyboard matrix?
Vanodzora mafambiro emagetsi kuburikidza nenzvimbo yega yega yekuchinja uye vanobatsira kudzivirira nzira dzisina kurongeka dzemakiyi panguva yekudzvanya makiyi akawanda.
Ko ma diode anovimbisa otomatiki NKRO here?
Kwete. Madiodhi anotsigira kurwisa ghosting, asi rollover inoenderanawo ne firmware scanning, transport uye HID report configuration.
Ko PCB yekhibhodi inogona kuva nezvikamu zviviri here?
Ehe. Kuvakwa kwematanho maviri kwakajairika, kunyangwe kuwedzerwa RGB, waya dzisina waya kana zvirambidzo zvenzira zvinogona kukonzera mamwe matanho.
Chii chinofanira kuyedzwa mukugadzirwa?
Nzvimbo yega yega yematrix intersection, diode direction, logical key mapping, definited multi-key combinations, USB/wireless output uye nzvimbo dzakakodzera.
Kurukura nezveKeyboard Matrix PCB Project
Tanga nehurongwa hwekiyi, huwandu hunofungidzirwa uye kana uchida bhodhi risina chinhu kana PCBA yakazara yakaedzwa. Mifananidzo iripo kana mafaira anogona kuwedzerwa gare gare. Highleap haidi schematic yePCB yekotesheni yekutanga.
varumbidzwa Posts
Taconic RF 35 vs RO4350B PCB
Tafura yezviri mukatiRF-35 vs RO4350B Kutenga uye...
Kugadzira PCB yeFirita yeTMM4
Kugadzirwa kwePCB yeTMM4 firita kunodzorwa ne...
Kugadzirwa kweTMM6 PCB
Kugadzirwa kweTMM6 ipeji rekudzora maitiro epakati peDk...
Kugadzira PCB yeTMM3 yeRF Modules
Kugadzira maPCB eTMM3 kunonyanya kubatsira kana RF module...
Nzira yekuwana sei quote yePCBs
Ngatiite ongororo yeDFM/DFA kwauri tobva tadzoka kwauri nemushumo. Unogona kurodha mafaira ako zvakachengeteka kuburikidza newebhusaiti yedu. Tinoda ruzivo runotevera kuti tikupe mutengo:
-
- Gerber, ODB++, kana .pcb, spec.
- BOM rondedzero kana iwe uchida kusangana
- uwandu
- Kuchinja nguva
Kune masevhisi ePCBA, ndapota ipa BOM yako (Bhiri reZvinhu) uye chero mirairo yegungano. Isu tinopawo DFM/DFA ongororo yekukwidziridza zvigadziriso zvako zvekugadzira uye kusangana, kuve nechokwadi chekuita kwakatsetseka kwekugadzira.