PCB Faira Mafomati Anotsanangurwa: Kusarudza Yakanakisa Format Yedhizaini Yako

Paunenge uchigadzira uye kugadzira maPCB, kusarudza iyo chaiyo faira fomati kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchinja kwakanaka kubva padanho rekugadzira kuenda kukugadzira. PCB faira mafomati anopa data rakakosha kune vagadziri vekugadzira uye kubatanidza, uye vanova nechokwadi chekuti dhizaini yako inodudzirwa nemazvo uye nekuitwa. Pakati peanonyanya kushandiswa PCB faira mafomati IPC-2581, Gerber, uye ODB++. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora mafomati aya zvakadzama, tipindure mibvunzo yakajairika senge "Ndeipi mhando yefaira inoshandiswa pakugadzira PCB?" uye "Ndeipi mhando yefaira inoshandiswa kuPCB?", Uye inotungamirira iwe kuburikidza nekutumira mafaira akakodzera ekugadzirwa kwePCB uye kuungana.

Ndeapi Mafaira Emhando Anoshandiswa kuPCB Dhizaini?

Magadzirirwo ePCB anowanzo gadzirwa uchishandisa yakasarudzika PCB dhizaini software, iyo inoburitsa mafaera mune chaiwo mafomati ayo vagadziri vanogona kushandisa. Iwo ekutanga mafaira emhando dzePCB dhizaini ndeaya:

1. Gerber Files:
   Gerber mafaera ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa fomati yePCB yekugadzira. Ivo vanotsanangura yega yega yePCB, kusanganisira iyo yemhangura inoteedzera, solder mask, silkscreen, uye maburi ekuchera. Gerber mafaira zvinonyanya kumiririra 2D inomiririra ye PCB mamisirwo, asi vanogona kusanganisira imwe meta-data kana uchishandisa yakawedzera Gerber fomati (RS-274X). The file extension for Gerber files is usually .gbr or .ger.
2. IPC-2581:
   IPC-2581 ifomati yakabatana inosanganisa ese anodiwa dhizaini data kuita pasuru imwe chete. Iyo haingosanganisi chete ruzivo rwechiratidziro asiwo ruzivo nezve stack-up, chikamu chekuisa, uye kunyangwe iyo Bill yeZvinhu (BOM). IPC-2581 imhando yakazara uye yemazuva ano ichienzaniswa neGerber, ichipa shanduko yedata inoshanda pakati pevagadziri nevagadziri. Inotsigirwa zvakanyanya muindasitiri uye inoonekwa seyamangwana-uchapupu fomati yePCB dhizaini.
3. ODB++:
   ODB++ imhando yedata yakazara inoshandiswa kuCAD-to-CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) kuchinjanisa data. Inobvumira vagadziri kuti vaunganidze ruzivo rwese rwunodiwa rwePCB yekugadzira uye kuungana mune imwechete faira chimiro. ODB ++ inotsigira zvinhu zvepamberi sekutsanangura stack-up, components, drill data, uye routing information, uye inowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzekugadzira.

Ndeupi Rudzi rweFaira Runoshandiswa kuPCB?

Kusarudza iyo chaiyo faira fomati yePCB dhizaini kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekutaurirana kwakanaka nevagadziri uye kuwana mhedzisiro yemhando yepamusoro. Imwe neimwe fomati ine chaiwo masimba uye inokodzera mazinga akasiyana ekugadzira kuoma. Pazasi, tichakurukura mhando nhatu dzekutanga dzemafaira-Gerber, IPC-2581, uye ODB++-uye kuti Highleap Electronic inotsigira sei ese, kuve nechokwadi chekuti PCB yako yekugadzira nzira inoshanda uye isina kukanganisa.

1. Gerber Mafaira

Mafaira eGerber ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri yePCB uye anogamuchirwa nevagadziri vese. Anopa mufananidzo wedhizaini yako wezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichiratidza ma traces emhangura, mask yesolder , silkscreens, uye ruzivo rwemakanika. Zvisinei, mafaira eGerber haana ruzivo rwakadzama, senge data re stack-up nekuisa zvikamu, izvo zvinofanirwa kupihwa zvakasiyana kune magadzirirwo akaomarara.

Mafaira Anodiwa kuGerber Format:

• • Copper Layers (Pamusoro, Pazasi, uye Nemukati Layers): Batanidza ese masaini, simba, uye pasi akaturikidzana kutsanangura PCB's magetsi chimiro.
  • Solder Mask Layers (Kumusoro uye Pazasi): Ratidza nzvimbo dzinofanirwa kuchengetedzwa mhangura ne solder mask.
  • Silkscreen Layers (Pamusoro uye Pazasi): Sanganisira chikamu chereferenzi madhizaini, mamaki, uye mavara ekuunganidza uye kugadzirisa matambudziko.
  • Drill Files: Ipa ruzivo rwakadzama rwemaburi ese akacherwa, kusanganisira maburi akapfava uye asina kuputirwa, achitsanangura zvinzvimbo uye saizi (mumafomati seExcellon kana IPC-NC-349).
  • Board Outline uye Mechanical Layer: Tsanangura chimiro chePCB, kusanganisira zviyero, kucheka, uye kugaya.
  • Panelization Drawing: Sanganisira dhayagiramu yakadzama kana panelization ichidikanwa, inoratidza kuti mabhodhi anofanira kurongwa sei neV-kucheka kana ruzivo rwenzira.
  • Aperture/D-Code List: Sanganisira izvi kana mafaera asiri muRS-274X fomati, achitsanangura pad uye trace geometries.

Optional asi Inokurudzirwa:

• • Stack-Up Diagram: Ipa ruzivo nezve layer kurongeka, mhando dzezvinhu, uye ukobvu kutungamira vanogadzira pakuvakwa kwePCB.
  • Netlist: Tumira netlist faira (semuenzaniso, IPC-D-356) kuti uve nechokwadi chekubatanidza magetsi.
  • 3D Gungano Models: Ipa maonero e3D ePCB uye zvikamu zvekujekesa kwegungano, kunyanya kune dzakaonda kana dzakaoma dhizaini.

PaHighleap Electronic, tinoona kuti mafaera eGerber anogadziriswa nemazvo uye anopa mamwe masevhisi ekubatanidza stack-up uye data regungano, kuderedza njodzi yekukanganisa panguva yekugadzira.

2. IPC-2581

IPC-2581 chimiro chakabatana chakagadzirirwa kukwenenzvera nzira yekugadzira PCB. Inobatanidza data rese rinodiwa-stack-up, netlist, drill data, uye chikamu chekuisa-mune faira imwe chete, kuderedza mukana wekududzira zvisizvo uye kuvandudza kutaurirana kwakanaka.

Mafaira Akasanganisirwa muIPC-2581:

• • Stack-Up Details: Ipa ruzivo rwakakwana pamusoro pekutevedzana kwedhiri, ukobvu hwezvinhu, uye chero impedance control zvinodiwa.
  • Netlist: Tsanangura kubatanidzwa kwemagetsi kwegadziro kuti uone kushanda kwakakodzera kwedunhu.
  • Component Footprints: Batanidza data chaiyo yezvimiro zvechikamu, saizi, uye marongero ekugadzirisa kwakaringana.
  • Mapikicha ekugadzira: Batanidza mirairo yekuchera, solder masking, uye routing mashandiro.
  • Drill Data: Taura nzvimbo uye zviyero zvemaburi ese akapfekwa uye asina-akaputirwa.
  • Bhiri Rezvinhu (BOM): Nyora zvikamu zvese, kusanganisira zvikamu zvenhamba uye huwandu, kugadzirisa maitiro egungano.

Ne IPC-2581, dhizaini yese, kugadzira, uye data regungano zvakabatana kuita faira rimwe, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka kune yakaoma dhizaini. Highleap Electronic inotsigira IPC-2581 uye inokwanisa kugadzirisa iyi faira fomati nemazvo, ichiva nechokwadi chekugadzira uye kusangana.

3. ODB++

ODB++ imhando yepamusoro, ine hierarchical fomati inobatanidza zvese dhizaini, kugadzirwa, uye dhizaini yekuunganidza mune imwechete faira system. Maitiro ayo akarongeka anoderedza kusanzwisisika uye anovimbisa kuenderana, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune chaiyo-inotyairwa PCB magadzirirwo.

Mafaira Akasanganisirwa muODB++:

• • Component Placement Data: Sanganisira X/Y marongedzero, makona ekutenderera, uye nekuisa ruzivo rwekugadzira otomatiki.
  • Stack-Up Information: Ipa iyo yakazara kurongeka uye zvakatemwa zveese PCB layers, kusanganisira mhangura, solder mask, uye silkscreen.
  • Drill Data: Rondedzera nzvimbo, mhando, uye zviyero zvemakomba ese, kusiyanisa pakati peakapfatwa neasina kuputirwa.
  • Routing Information: Tsanangura marongero ebhodhi, kucheka, uye chero zvemukati zvigayo.
  • Netlist: Sanganisira ruzivo rwakadzama rwekubatanidza magetsi ekuyedzwa uye kuongororwa.

ODB ++ inorerutsa shanduko kubva pakugadzira kuenda mukugadzira nekubatanidza ese anodiwa data mupakeji imwechete. PaHighleap Electronic, tinobata mafaira eODB++ nemazvo, tichiona kuti purojekiti yako inogadzirwa zvine mwero wepamusoro.

Kusarudza Format Yakarurama

Sarudzo yefomati yefaira inotsamira pazvinhu zvakati wandei, kusanganisira kuomarara kwedhizaini yako uye kugona kwemugadziri wako. Kuti zvive nyore kugadzira, mafaira eGerber anotsigirwa zvakanyanya uye akakwana. Nekudaro, kune akawanda-akawanda kana akanyanya-chaiyo madhizaini, IPC-2581 uye ODB ++ inopa zvakakosha zvakanakira, seyakakwenenzverwa data kubata uye kugona kusanganisa emhando yepamusoro yekugadzira.

Vagadziri vanowanzo tsanangura chimiro chavo chavanoda, asi kuziva kusimba kwesarudzo yega yega kunokubvumira kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo inonyatsoenderana nezvido zvepurojekiti yako. Kunyangwe iwe uri kugadzira yekutanga-layer board kana yakaoma, yakakwirira-frequency dhizaini, kusarudza iyo chaiyo faira fomati ndiyo hwaro hwekubudirira kwePCB kugadzirwa.

Mamwe Mafungiro ePCB File Formats

Paunenge uchigadzirira PCB dhizaini yekugadzira, kusarudza iyo yakakodzera faira fomati uye nekupa ese anodiwa data kwakakosha. Nepo Gerber ichiri chiyero cheindasitiri nekuda kwekuenderana kwayo kwakakura uye nyore, mafomati emazuva ano seODB ++ uye .pcb ari kuwedzera kushandiswa pakukwanisa kwavo kusanganisa dhizaini, kuunganidza, uye kugadzira data kuita imwe faira chimiro. Mafaira eGerber, nepo achivimbika, anowanzoda magwaro ekuwedzera senge stack-up diagraphs, drill mafaira, uye mapanelization dhizaini kugadzirisa zvavasingakwanisi. Kune rimwe divi, ODB ++ uye .pcb mafomati anokwenenzvera mafambiro ebasa nekubatanidza stack-up details, netlists, uye component placements, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanyanya kubatsira kune yakaoma multilayer kana yakakwirira-chaiyo magadzirirwo.

Kutonga kweGerber mukushandiswa kwakajairika kunotsigirwa nekugamuchirwa kwayo kwepasirese uye nyore kushandisa, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inosarudzika yezvigadziriso zvakatwasuka. Nekudaro, ODB ++ inopa maficha epamberi, senge CAD-ku-CAM kubatanidzwa uye yakadzama yekugadzira data, iyo inoderedza njodzi yekududzira zvisizvo uye inosimudzira kugadzira kwayo. Iyo .pcb fomati, inotsigirwa neanoverengeka PCB maturusi ekugadzira, akagadzirirwa akasiyana-siyana emazuva ano mafambiro ebasa, achipa kuchinjika uye kurongeka manejimendi data. Vagadziri vakaita seHighleap Electronic vanotsigira ese mafomati matatu, vachiona kuenderana nezvakasiyana zvinodiwa nevatengi uye zvinodiwa zvekugadzira.

Kuve nechokwadi chekugadzira isina musono maitiro, zvakakosha kuti ubatanidze data rakazara zvisinei nefaira fomati. Pakutumirwa kweGerber, izvi zvinoreva kupa zvidimbu zvese zvemhangura (pamusoro, pasi, uye mukati), solder mask uye silkscreen mafaera, data rekudhirowa, uye chero mirairo yegungano inodiwa. Kune maODB++ uye .pcb mafomati, iva nechokwadi chekuti akaturikidzana, maitirwo, uye nekuisa data akarurama uye akazara. Nekunzwisisa kugona uye zvipimo zvefomati yega yega, uye nekuendesa mafaera akadzama, vagadziri vanogona kududzira uye nekuita dhizaini yako, vachiunza maPCB emhando yepamusoro anoenderana nezvaunoda.

mhedziso

Kazhinji, mafomati eGerber, IPC-2581, ODB++, uye .pcb ndedzimwe dzezviyero zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakugadzira maPCB, imwe neimwe ichipa zvakanakira zvakasiyana zvichienderana nekuoma kwemagadzirirwo uye zvido zvedunhu. Zvisinei, kusiyana kwematurusi ekugadzira maPCB uye mashandiro ebasa zvinoreva kuti maindasitiri mazhinji nenyika dzinovimba nemamwe mafomati emafaira kuti zvigutse zvavanoda chaizvo. KuHighleap Electronic, tinovimbisa kuti zvinoenderana uye kuchinjika nekutsigira kwete mafomati aya mana anozivikanwa chete asiwo mhando dzakasiyana dzemamwe mafaira, zvichitigonesa kugamuchira zvinodiwa nevatengi zvakasiyana-siyana zviri nyore.

Nekupa rutsigiro rwakakwana rwefomati, Highleap Electronic inova nechokwadi chekuti magadzirirwo ako anodudzirwa nemazvo uye akagadzirwa zvisina mhosva, zvisinei nerudzi rwefaira. Kunyangwe purojekiti yako ichisanganisira chiyero chinogamuchirwa zvakanyanya kana chimiro chakasarudzika, hunyanzvi hwedu uye kugona kwepamberi kunovimbisa kugadzirwa kwakanaka uye mhedzisiro yakasarudzika. Isu takatsaurirwa kupa shanduko yakatsetseka kubva pakugadzira kuenda kune kugadzirwa kwevatengi pasi rese, kutiita shamwari yako yaunovimba nayo yekugadzira PCB.