Izinyathelo Eziyi-8 Zokwenza I-PCB Ephelele Ye-Aluminium

I -PCB ye-aluminium ikhona ngesizathu esisodwa: ukukhipha ukushisa kwisekethe. Ngokushintsha i-insulating FR-4 core ngesisekelo sensimbi, ibhodi yesekethe ye-aluminium idonsa ukushisa kusuka ezingxenyeni zamandla bese ikusakaza ebhodini lonke, yingakho i-LED, ukunikezwa kwamandla, kanye nemiklamo yezimoto kuncike kuyo. Kodwa "i-aluminium PCB" ichaza isakhiwo esinezingqimba esihle kuphela njengengqimba yaso ebuthakathaka, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza inezinyathelo ezingabonakali emugqeni ojwayelekile we-FR-4. Lo mhlahlandlela uhamba ngezinyathelo eziyisishiyagalombili zokwenza i-PCB ye-aluminium, bese uchaza ungqimba lwe-dielectric olunquma ukuthi ibhodi liyasebenza ngempela yini - kanye nemithetho yokuklama kanye namaphutha ahlukanisa i-PCB ye-alu ephelele ekuhlulekeni kwensimu.

1. Iyini i-Aluminium PCB?

I-PCB ye-aluminium iyibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe elinomgogodla wensimbi elakhiwe ngezendlalelo ezintathu eziboshiwe: ungqimba lwesekethe yethusi oluphezulu , i -dielectric eqhuba ukushisa phakathi, kanye nepuleti lesisekelo se-aluminium ngaphansi. Ukugeleza kwamandla ethusi, i-dielectric iyivikela ngogesi ngenkathi iqhuba ukushisa, kanti i-aluminium isebenza njengesisabalalisi sokushisa esakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye ne-heatsink.

Kungani abaklami bekhetha i-aluminium kune-FR-4

I-Standard FR-4 iyisivikelo sokushisa, ngakho ukushisa okuvela kudivayisi yamandla kuyanqwabelana futhi kufinyeze impilo yengxenye. Ukushintshela esisekelweni se-aluminium — inhliziyo ye- metal-core PCB — kunikeza ukushisa indlela yokumelana okuphansi, kuyilapho kunezela ukuqina komshini kanye nokuqina kobukhulu. Inzuzo ukuthi ama-aluminium PCB ngokuvamile anesendlalelo esisodwa futhi alandela indlela ehlukile yokwenziwa, lapho izinyathelo eziyisishiyagalombili ezingezansi zenza khona ukhonkolo. Ukuze uthole i-primer egcwele ekwakheni, bheka ukuthi iyini i-aluminium PCB.

2. Izinyathelo Eziyi-8 Zokwenza i-Aluminium PCB

Le nqubo iguqula i-laminate ye-aluminium embozwe ngethusi ibe ibhodi eliqediwe, elivivinyiwe. Isinyathelo ngasinye sine-lever yekhwalithi ekhethekile ekwakhiweni kwensimbi-ingqikithi.

1. Ukukhetha okubalulekile. Khetha i-laminate ye-aluminium embozwe ngethusi — isisindo sethusi, uhlobo lwe-dielectric kanye nobukhulu, kanye ne-aluminium alloy kanye nobukhulu — ukuze ivumelane nezidingo zokushisa kanye nogesi.
2. Ukusika ngosayizi. Gunda noma usike i-laminate ibe usayizi wephaneli osebenzayo, uyiphathe ukuze ugweme ukufiphala noma ukuklwebha i-aluminium.
3. Ukubhoboza. Ingxenye yokubhoboza kanye nemigodi yokufaka; ngoba ama-PCB amaningi e-aluminium angohlangothi olulodwa, imigodi ayimboziwe ngesisekelo sensimbi, futhi ukubhoboza kulawulwa ukugwema ama-burrs kanye nomonakalo we-dielectric.
4. Ukuhlela amaphethini esikethe. Faka i-laminate dry-film photoresist, uyiveze ngemidwebo, bese uyithuthukisa ukuze ichaze isekethe yethusi.
5. Ukuqopha. Susa ithusi eliveziwe ukuze ushiye isekethe, bese ususa i-resist; ukulawula i-etch kuvikela izici ezincane kanye nobubanzi be-trace.
6. Imaski yesolder. Faka futhi ulungise imaski yokusongelwa phezu kwethusi, ushiye ama-pad eveziwe futhi uvikele isekethe.
7. Isikrini sesilika (inganekwane). Phrinta inganekwane yengxenye, izimpawu, kanye nezihlonzi.
8. Ukuqeda ubuso, ukuphrofayili, kanye nokuhlolwa. Faka ukuqeda kobuso (HASL, ENIG, noma OSP), hambisa ibhodi liye ohlakeni lwalo lokugcina, bese ulihlola ngogesi bese ulihlola.

Isinyathelo esikhubekisa abantu

Ukuhambisa nokufaka i-aluminium akufani nokuhambisa i-FR-4 — insimbi ikhiqiza ukushisa nama-burrs, ifuna amathuluzi afanele kanye nokudla, futhi i-dielectric akumele iqhekeke noma igcotshwe emigodini. I-PCB ye-aluminium ephelele incike ekutholeni izinyathelo zomshini (3 no-8) kanye nokuphathwa kwe-dielectric kahle, hhayi nje isithombe sesekethe.

3. Isendlalelo Se-Dielectric: Lapho Ikhwalithi Ye-Aluminium PCB Inqotshwa Noma Ilahleka

Isendlalelo esisodwa esihlukanisa i-PCB ye-aluminiyamu enhle kwephakathi yi-dielectric. Inemisebenzi emibili ephikisanayo: ukuvikela ithusi kusuka ku-aluminiyamu ngogesi, bese ihambisa ukushisa kusuka kuthusi kuya ku-aluminiyamu. Leyo misebenzi idonsela ezinhlangothini ezihlukene.

Ukuhwebelana phakathi kokushisa nogesi

Ukushisa kwe-dielectric — ngokuvamile cishe ku-1–3 W/m·K, okuphakeme ezintweni zekhwalithi ephezulu — kusetha ukuthi ukushisa kudlula kahle kangakanani, futhi kuyimbangela yangempela, njengoba i-aluminium ngokwayo iqhuba ukushisa kangcono kakhulu. I -dielectric encane iqhuba ukushisa kangcono kodwa imelana ne-voltage encane , kuyilapho ejiyile ivikela kakhulu kodwa ishisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-dielectric kanye nobukhulu kuyisinqumo sobunjiniyela esiyinhloko kunoma iyiphi i -MCPCB dielectric layer , futhi kumele ifaniswe nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kwebhodi kanye ne-voltage yayo yokusebenza. Cacisa i-dielectric yohlelo lokusebenza — hhayi ngokuzenzakalelayo kushibhile noma kuncane kakhulu — bese ibhodi lisebenza; lithole iphutha bese lishisa kakhulu noma liphuka.

Umndeni we-PCB oyinhloko yensimbi ohlanganisa amabhodi e-aluminium ulinganiselwa ku-$13-16 billion, futhi ukukhula kwawo kuqhutshwa kakhulu ukukhanya kwe-LED (cishe u-45% wesidingo) kanye ne-electronics yezimoto (cishe u-30%) - izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili ezithuthukisa ivolumu ye-aluminium-PCB njengoba ukukhanya kanye nama-EV enza ugesi.

"Ebhodini le-aluminium, ithusi kanye nesisekelo sensimbi kuyingxenye elula - i-dielectric yilapho ukushisa kubhajwa khona. Chitha ubunjiniyela bakho lapho: khetha i-dielectric yamandla kanye ne-voltage, bese ibhodi lenza umsebenzi walo."

— unjiniyela wenqubo ye-PCB yensimbi-core

Ukufunda izinombolo zokushisa

Izibalo ezibalulekile kulula ukuziqhathanisa. I-FR-4 iqhuba ukushisa cishe ku- 0.3 W/m·K ; i-dielectric ye-PCB ye-aluminium isebenza cishe ku- 1–3 W/m·K (ama-dielectric aphezulu afinyelela ku-~5–12), kanti isisekelo se-aluminium ngokwaso singu- 150–200 W/m·K . Ngenxa yokuthi i-dielectric iyingqimba ephikisana kakhulu nesitaki, ibusa ukumelana nokushisa kwebhodi (okuvezwa ku-°C/W kusukela ekuhlanganeni kuya esisekelweni). Yingakho i-dielectric encane, ene-conductivity ephezulu yehlisa izinga lokushisa ledivayisi yamandla - futhi kungani ukusunduza i-dielectric kuncane kakhulu ukuze kuxoshwe izinombolo zokushisa ekugcineni kudela i-voltage yokuqhekeka okumele inikeze nayo. Imininingwane efanele ilinganisa lawo amabili ngokumelene namandla angempela ebhodi kanye ne-voltage yokusebenza.

4. Imithetho Yokuklama ye-Aluminium PCB kanye Neziphambeko Ezivamile

I-PCB ye-aluminium eyakhiwe kahle isahluleka uma umklamo ungawunaki amaqiniso okwakhiwa kwensimbi-core. Imithetho embalwa ivimbela izinkinga eziningi.

Imithetho yokuklama ebalulekile

• Gcina izici zethusi kanye nesikhala ngaphakathi kwamandla okusika isisindo sethusi esikhethiwe.
• Bamba isikhala phakathi kwethusi kanye nomphetho webhodi/imigodi yokufaka ukuze i-dielectric igcine ukuhlukaniswa kwayo kwe-voltage ne-aluminium.
• Beka izingxenye ezishisa kakhulu lapho indlela yokushisa eya ku-aluminium imfushane khona.
• Hlela uhlaka lwebhodi kanye nokufakwa kwalo ukuze kuqondiswe umzila kanye ne-interface yokushisa kusukela ekuqaleni.

Amaphutha avamile okuklama nokuhlola ngokumelene nawo

• Umonakalo we-dielectric noma i-smear kusukela ekubhobozeni/ekuhambiseni umzila, okubeka engcupheni ukuhlukaniswa.
• Ama-Burrs ku-aluminium ezithinta ukulingana kanye ne-interface yokushisa.
• Ukudilizwa phakathi kwezingqimba ezivela ekushiseni okungekuhle noma ekucindezelekeni kokushisa.
• I-voltage yokuqhekeka encishisiwe kusuka ku-dielectric encane kakhulu noma eyonakele.
• Ukugoqa kusukela ekucutshungulweni okungalingani kwesisekelo sensimbi.

Iningi lalezi zibuyela emuva ezinyathelweni zemishini kanye nokukhetha kwe-dielectric, yingakho umugqa wensimbi-core uqhutshwa futhi uhlolwa ngendlela ehlukile kumugqa we-FR-4 — izindlela zokwehluleka zihlala ensimbi kanye ne-dielectric, hhayi ethusi.

5. Aluminium PCB Manufacturing at Highleap

Amabhodi e-aluminium ayimisebenzi yansuku zonke emgqeni wethu wensimbi, futhi ikhwalithi ivela ekuphatheni izinyathelo ze-dielectric kanye nezemishini njengezona ezibalulekile. Kwa-Highleap sikhetha i-laminate ye-aluminium embozwe ngethusi ngokwezidingo zakho zokushisa kanye ne-voltage, silawula ukubhoboza kanye nokuqondisa insimbi ukuze sigweme ama-burrs kanye nomonakalo we-dielectric, futhi siqinisekise ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokuqeda ngaphambi kokuba ibhodi lithunyelwe. Ngomsebenzi we-LED kanye nokukhanyisa, sakha ukwakhiwa okufanayo okulungiselelwe ukukhipha ukukhanya kanye nokususwa kokushisa, njengoba kuhlanganiswe emsebenzini wethu we-aluminium LED PCB.

Uma une-PCB ye-aluminium — yokukhanyisa kwe-LED, amandla, i-motor drive, noma izimoto — thumela umklamo kanye nezibalo zakho zamandla kanye ne-voltage futhi sizoncoma i-dielectric, siqinisekise imithetho yokuklama, bese sakha ibhodi elishukumisa ukushisa ngempela.

Caphuna i-PCB yakho ye-Aluminium

6. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Aluminium PCB

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-PCB ye-aluminium kanye ne-PCB ene-metal-core?

I-PCB ye-aluminium uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-PCB yensimbi (i-MCPCB). I-MCPCB iyisigaba esibanzi: isisekelo sensimbi singaba yi-aluminium (evame kakhulu futhi engabizi), ithusi (ukusebenza okuphezulu kokushisa kodwa kubiza kakhulu futhi kukhulu), noma i-alloy yensimbi. Ngakho-ke yonke i-PCB ye-aluminium iyi-MCPCB, kodwa akuwona wonke ama-MCPCB asebenzisa isisekelo se-aluminium.

Kungani ukukhiqiza i-PCB ye-aluminium kuhlukile ku-FR-4?

Izinyathelo zokuthatha izithombe zesekethe ziyafana, kodwa izinyathelo zemishini ziyahlukahluka. Ukubhoboza nokuqondisa isisekelo sensimbi kudala ukushisa nama-burrs futhi kudinga amathuluzi ahlukene kanye nokuphakelwa; i-dielectric eqhuba ukushisa akumele iqhekeke noma igcotshwe ibe yimigodi; futhi ngenxa yokuthi ama-PCB amaningi e-aluminium ahlangothi olulodwa, imigodi ayimboziwe ngesisekelo sensimbi. Ngisho nokuphatha iphaneli ngaphandle kokuphazamisa i-aluminium kuyingxenye yenqubo.

Kungani ungqimba lwe-dielectric lubaluleke kangaka ku-PCB ye-aluminium?

I-dielectric kumele ifake ithusi ku-aluminium ngenkathi iqhuba ukushisa phakathi kwayo, futhi leyo migomo iyangqubuzana. I-dielectric encane iqhuba ukushisa kangcono kodwa imelana ne-voltage encane, ngakho-ke uhlobo lwayo kanye nobukhulu bayo kuhambisana nokushabalaliswa kwamandla ebhodi kanye ne-voltage yokusebenza - isinqumo sokuklama esiyinhloko ebhodini eliyinhloko yensimbi.

Ingabe ama-PCB e-aluminium anesendlalelo esisodwa noma esinezingqimba eziningi?

Ama-PCB amaningi e-aluminium ayingqimba eyodwa, enengqimba eyodwa yethusi phezu kwesisekelo se-dielectric ne-aluminium. Ukwakhiwa kwe-aluminium enezingqimba eziningi kukhona ukuze kuklanywe izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kodwa akuvamile futhi kuhileleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni.

Kusetshenziswa kuphi ama-PCB e-aluminium?

Noma kuphi ukushisa kumele kususwe ebhodini elincane: izibani ze-LED namamojula, izinsiza zikagesi kanye nama-converter, ama-motor drive, ama-electronics ezimoto, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanayo ezinamandla kagesi lapho i-FR-4 ingashisa kakhulu.

Ingabe izimbobo zingafakwa nge-PCB ye-aluminium?

Ku-PCB ye-aluminium ejwayelekile enohlangothi olulodwa, izimbobo azimbozwa ngesisekelo sensimbi, njengoba i-aluminium iyisisekelo esiqhubayo kunokuba ibe ungqimba lwangaphakathi. Imiklamo edinga ukumbozwa ngembobo esebenzisa ukwakheka okuhlukile kwensimbi-core noma kwezingqimba eziningi.

Yimaphi ama-surface finishes atholakala kuma-aluminium PCB?

Izinto ezivamile zokuqeda yi-HASL, i-ENIG, kanye ne-OSP, ezikhethwe ngenxa yokukwazi ukunamathela, isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi, ukuba yisicaba, kanye nezindleko ngendlela efanayo neyaku-FR-4. I-ENIG ifanelana nezidingo ze-fine-pitch kanye ne-flat-pad, kanti i-HASL iyonga kakhulu emsebenzini ojwayelekile.