Ukukhiqiza i-PCB ye-Concert Glow Stick ye-LED

Isikhathi eside induku yokukhanya ekhonsathini yayiyipayipi lepulasitiki owalixuba ukuze uhlanganise amakhemikhali amabili. Lokho sekucishe kusuke emibukisweni emikhulu. Lokho izilaleli ezikuphethe namuhla yidivayisi kagesi elawulwa yithimba lokukhiqiza lomculi ngesikhathi sangempela - ulwandle lwezibani eziphenduka zibe bomvu, zishayele okwesibhakabhaka enkundleni yezemidlalo, noma zishaye ngesigqi, zonke zisuka esiteji. Ngemuva kwalowo mphumela kukhona ibhodi elincane lesifunda eliphrintiwe elenziwe ngamashumi ezinkulungwane zombukiso owodwa. Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi ziyini lezi zinti zokukhanya ezilawulwayo, ukuthi isixuku silawulwa kanjani kusukela edeskini lokukhanyisa, ukuthi izinto zikagesi ezingaphakathi zibukeka kanjani, nokuthi yini edingekayo ukuze zikhiqizwe ngezinga elidingwa yikhonsathi.

Yeka ukuthi iyini ngempela induku yokukhanya ye-LED yekhonsathi

Induku yokukhanya yekhonsathi yesimanje ingumkhiqizo we-elekthronikhi, hhayi owamakhemikhali. Ngaphakathi kwendlu encane iphethe i-RGB LED eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, i-microcontroller encane, i-wireless receiver, ibhethri, kanye neswishi — konke ebhodini lesekethe elihlangene. Amaqiniso amabili mayelana nendlela esetshenziswa ngayo abumba konke mayelana nendlela eyakhiwe ngayo:

• Umhleli uyayinikeza. Esikhundleni sokuthi abalandeli bathenge izinti ezahlukahlukene, umcimbi unikeza wonke umuntu idivayisi eyodwa (ngokufanele) — ebekwe ezihlalweni, esatshalaliswe ekungeneni, noma ehlanganiswe nethikithi. Yilokho okwenza umphumela ohlangene ube nokwenzeka: uma izilaleli zonke ziphethe idivayisi efanayo elawulwayo, umkhiqizo ungakhanyisa igumbi lonke njengekhanvasi eyodwa.
• Indawo iyakulawula. Induku ngayinye iyisamukeli. Ayizinqumeli umbala wayo — yenza lokho okushiwo yisithumeli endaweni, ukuze ithimba lokukhanyisa lishintshe umbala kanye nephethini yenduku ngayinye esakhiweni kusukela endaweni yokulawula, ngokuvumelana nomculo kanye nokukhanya kwesiteji.

Lesi yisigaba esihlukile kunenduku yokukhanya yabathengi evulwa yifeni bese inyakazisa ngokuzimela. Induku yokukhanya yekhonsathi elawulwayo, empeleni, iyi-pixel engenantambo esibukweni esilingana nesixuku - futhi lokho kuhlela kuholela ekuklanyweni kwayo ezindleleni eziphansi ngeyunithi ngayinye, ukwamukelwa okungenantambo okuthembekile, kanye nokuvumelana kokukhiqiza kuyo yonke inqwaba enkulu. Ubuchwepheshe obufanayo buvela ngenye indlela njengebhande lesandla le-LED (isongo elikhanyayo elinikezwa kwezinye izinkambo), elisebenza ngendlela efanayo; induku yokukhanya imane nje inguqulo ephathwayo. Lapho induku yokukhanya eyisisekelo ihlala khona uma kuqhathaniswa nalolu hlobo olulawulwayo kufanelekile ukucacisa:

Indlela Isixuku Sonke Esilawulwa Ngayo Kusukela Esiteji

Umlingo wesixuku esivumelanisiwe umshini wokudlulisa kanye nama-receiver amaningi. Indawo yokulawula endaweni - evame ukuboshwa edeskini lokukhanyisa nge-DMX, inqubo ejwayelekile yokulawula ukukhanyisa - isakaza imiyalo kuyo yonke intonga yokukhanya ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho umbala nephethini yesixuku kuba esinye isiteshi esiqhutshwa umqhubi wokukhanyisa eceleni kwe-rig yesiteji. Kunezindlela ezimbili ezivamile isignali efinyelela kuzo izinti, futhi ukukhetha kubumba kokubili idivayisi kanye nombukiso:

I-RF ingafinyelela yonke indawo futhi isekele ukubhekisa — uhlelo lungakhuluma nezindawo noma izigaba ukuze umkhiqizo ukwazi ukusebenzisa amagagasi, ama-gradients, noma izimo phakathi kwesixuku kunokuba kube nombala owodwa ofanayo. I-IR ishibhile ezingeni ledivayisi (isamukeli esilula), esibaluleke kakhulu ngevolumu enkulu, kodwa ithembele kuma-emitter amboze zonke izihlalo kanye nomugqa wokubona, ngakho-ke ukuhlukaniswa kwayo kulandela lapho ama-emitter ekhomba khona. Noma ngabe yikuphi, umphumela uyafana esihlalweni sezilaleli: umqhubi ucindezela i-cue bese lonke igumbi liphendula ndawonye, ​​​​livalelwe embukisweni.

Iphuzu eliwusizo kunoma ubani owakha lezi zinto ukuthi uhlelo lokulawula luyisinqumo sokuklama ikhasimende elisenzayo ngaphambili, ngoba lushintsha ibhodi. Induku ye-RF idinga isamukeli somsakazo kanye ne-antenna elungisiwe ku-PCB; induku ye-IR idinga isamukeli se-infrared esibekwe endaweni yokubamba ama-emitter endawo. Leso sinqumo sibe sesingena ekwakhiweni, ekuhlolweni, kanye nasezindleko - okuyilapho ibhodi yesekethe ingena khona.

Kungani i-RF uma iqhathaniswa ne-IR ishintsha yonke idivayisi

Kuyayenga ukuphatha "okungenantambo" njengento eyodwa, kodwa lezi zindlela ezimbili zikhiqiza imikhiqizo ehluke kakhulu. Umklamo we-RF uphethe isamukeli somsakazo kanye ne-antenna, ngakho-ke i-PCB kufanele ihloniphe ukufakwa kwe-antenna, igcine ithusi elinomsindo kanye nebhethri kude nendawo ye-antenna, futhi ilungiswe futhi ihlolwe ukuthi iyamukelwa yini - eduze nokwakha umsakazo omncane kunethoyizi le-LED elilula. Lokho kwengeza izindleko ngeyunithi ngayinye kodwa kuthenga ukumbozwa kwendawo yonke okuthembekile kanye nekheli elidingekayo emiphumeleni yesigaba ngesigaba. Umklamo we-IR ulula futhi ushibhile ebhodini - isamukeli se-infrared hhayi okunye okuningi - yingakho amanye amadivayisi anevolumu ephezulu kakhulu, acishe alahlwe ayisebenzisa; ubunzima busuka enduku bungene kunethiwekhi yendawo yama-IR emitters kanye nokulawula kwawo kwe-DMX. Ngakho-ke isifinyezo esifanayo - "izinti zokukhanya ezilawulwayo zohambo" - ziveza uhlu lwezinto ezihlukile, isiyalo esihlukile sokuhlelwa, kanye nezindleko ezihlukile ngeyunithi ngayinye kuye ngokuthi iyiphi indlela yokulawula ikhasimende eliyikhethayo. Akukho noyedwa olungile kuyo yonke indawo; Imikhiqizo yenkundla yezemidlalo neyasenkundleni efuna imiphumela emihle yezindawo ivame ukuncika ku-RF, kuyilapho iminikelo yesisindo ebiza kancane ivame ukuncika ku-IR, futhi isinqumo singesomnikazi womkhiqizo, hhayi ifektri.

I-PCB kanye ne-Electronics Ngaphakathi Kwenduku Yokukhanya Elawulwayo

Uma uvule eyodwa bese ibhodi lincane kodwa lenza imisebenzi eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Amabhlogo okwakha aphindaphindayo e-PCB ye-glow stick elawulwayo yile:

• I-RGB LED(s). I-LED eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ebomvu-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka exubana nanoma yimuphi umbala ofunwa umbukiso. Ukuvumelana kombala kulo lonke ibhetshi kubalulekile lapha, ngoba amayunithi angalingani ayabonakala lapho izinkulungwane zikhanya ndawonye.
• Isilawuli esincane. I-MCU encane ifunda imiyalo engenantambo bese ishayela i-LED — ibeka umbala, ukukhanya, nanoma yimuphi umphumela wendawo. Ubuchopho obuguqula isibonakaliso esitholiwe sibe ukukhanya.
• Isamukeli esingenantambo. Isamukeli se-RF (esine-antenna) noma isamukeli se-IR, kuye ngohlelo lokulawula, esithatha i-gearbox yendawo.
• Amandla. Ibhethri (iseli lemali efana ne-CR2032 yemiklamo eshibhile yokusetshenziswa kanye, noma iseli le-lithium elishajekayo elinesekethe yokushaja yalezo eziphinde zisetshenziswe) kanye noxhumana nabo noma isibambi nanoma yikuphi ukuphathwa kwamandla.
• Iswishi noma ukwenza kusebenze. Inkinobho noma ithebhu yokudonsa enika amandla idivayisi, ngezinye izikhathi enemodi yendawo njenge-fallback.

Akukho nokukodwa kwalokhu okungavamile ngokwako; umkhakha uwukufaka ebhodini elincane, elingabizi kakhulu elihlangana kahle ngevolumu. Imiklamo eminingi ingamabhodi amancane e-FR-4, anohlangothi olulodwa noma oluphindwe kabili, ngezinye izikhathi akhiwe njengendlu encane. Izinguqulo ze-RF zidinga ukunakekelwa kwesakhiwo sangempela nxazonke kwe-antenna - ukuyigcina ikude nebhethri kanye nokuthululwa komhlabathi kanye nokuhlonipha ukugcinwa kwe-antenna - okuwuhlobo lwento ehlukanisa induku ethola ngokwethembeka ngaphesheya kwenkundla kwenye enezindawo ezifile. Inhlangano cishe ifakwa ngokuphelele ebusweni (i-LED, i-MCU, kanye ne-receiver kuyizingxenye ze-SMT), ngakho-ke ibhodi lakhiwe ngenqubo yokuhlanganisa ye-SMT , nganoma yikuphi ukushintsha noma ukuthintana kwebhethri okungeziwe njengengxenye yomgodi noma yomshini.

"Uma ubheka phambili kwendlu kubonakala sengathi umlingo, kodwa ukukhanya ngakunye kuleso sixuku kumane kuyi-receiver eyenza lokho okushiwo yideski. Ingxenye enzima kwakungeyona neze imiphumela - kwenza amabhodi amancane afanayo ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu avukayo, wonke amukele, futhi wonke abonise obomvu ofanayo ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngaleso silinganiso, ukuvumelana kuwumkhiqizo wonke."

— unjiniyela wokukhanyisa nobuchwepheshe bemicimbi ebukhoma

Ukukhiqiza Izinti Zokukhanya Kwekhonsathi e-Arena Scale

Okwenza ukukhiqizwa kwe-glow-stick kube yindlela yayo yokufundisa akuyona indawo - kodwa ubukhulu kanye nomnotho. Umbukiso wenkundla eyodwa udinga amadivayisi angaba yizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanhlanu kuya kwezingamashumi amabili; uhambo lwenkundla ludinga amashumi ezinkulungwane ubusuku ngabunye, ubusuku ngabunye. Lowo mqulu ushintsha yonke into eza kuqala:

• Izindleko ngeyunithi ngayinye ziyabusa. Uma wakha amashumi ezinkulungwane futhi amaningi esetshenziswa kanye kuphela, amasenti ambalwa ebhodini noma ibhili yezinto zokwakha aphindaphindeka abe yimali yangempela. Imiklamo igcinwa ingenamsebenzi, futhi ukukhetha izingxenye kanye nokuthola izinto kwenziwa kucatshangelwa amanani evolumu - lapho kulapho kuqondiswa khona. ukuthola ingxenye ithola indawo yayo.
• Ukungaguquguquki kanye nokukhiqiza kungumkhiqizo. Iyunithi efile noma enombala ongalungile iyindawo emnyama esixukwini esikhanyayo. Induku eyodwa ayiyona inhlekelele, kodwa inzuzo emashumini ezinkulungwane ibeka ngokuqondile kokubili izindleko kanye nokuthi umphumela ubukeka uhlanzekile kangakanani, ngakho ukuhlanganiswa okuzinzile nokuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu kunasebhodini elinomthamo ophansi.
• Ibhethri lisetha umklamo. Umbukiso uthatha amahora ambalwa, ngakho-ke isabelomali samandla — ukukhanya uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphila kwebhethri — kuyisithiyo esiyinhloko. Imiklamo yokusetshenziswa kanye incike kuseli lemali elilingana nosayizi ukuze lihlale isikhathi eside; imiklamo engasetshenziswa kabusha yengeza iseli eliphinde lishajwe kanye nesekethe yokushaja, okunyusa izindleko zeyunithi kodwa kunciphisa imfucuza ohambweni.
• Imiklamo ye-RF idinga ukuhlolwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi. Uma izinti zilawulwa ngomsakazo, ukwamukelwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kanye ne-RF kuyingxenye yomugqa, hhayi ukucabanga kamuva.
• Isimiso simisiwe. Usuku lokuvakasha alushintshi. Konke ukwenziwa - ukwenziwa, ukutholakala, ukuhlanganiswa, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokulethwa - kufanele kufike ngaphambi kokuba amaloli aqale, yingakho kuhlanganiswe umhlangano we-turnkey ukugeleza okuphethe lonke uchungechunge kufaneleka kahle kulo msebenzi.

Izinhlelo eziningi ziqala kancane futhi zinkulu: i-prototype yokufakazela umphumela kanye nokulingana kwendlu, ukuqaliswa kokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokwamukelwa kuzinzile, bese kuba nomthamo ogcwele wohambo — indlela isevisi yethu yebhodi ye-prototype eyakhelwe ngayo. Ukuthola umklamo ubuyekezwe ukuze ukhiqizwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa okukhulu yikho okugcina usuku lokuqaliswa oluhleliwe luphephile.

Kungani isikali senkundla sishintsha yonke idizayini

Ibhodi elinengqondo ngokuphelele ukwakha ikhulu lingaba umklamo ongalungile ukwakha izinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu, futhi umehluko ufanele ukuklama kusukela ekuqaleni. Uma ubheka ivolumu, yonke ingxenye engagwenywa iyindleko ephindaphindwa ngokusebenza, ngakho-ke umklamo ulinganiswa nalokho umphumela okudingayo ngempela - azikho izingxenye ezisele, azikho ibhethri elichazwe ngokweqile, azikho izici ezingazuzisi imali yazo. Ukuhlanganiswa kulungiselelwe ukudluliswa: izinyathelo kanye nesikhala esibeka futhi siphinde sigeleze kahle ngesivinini, ukwakheka kwamaphaneli okusebenza kahle, kanye nama-pad aklanyelwe ukuze umugqa ungalwi nebhodi. Ukwamukelwa, kumiklamo ye-RF, kuqinisekiswa kumayunithi angempela kunokuba kucatshangelwe, ngoba inkinga yokulungisa etholakele ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwezinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu iyinhlekelele ohlelweni oluhleliwe. Futhi ibhethri nokukhanya kuhambisana nobude bombukiso bangempela ngomkhawulo, ngoba "isebenze ebhentshini imizuzu eyishumi" akufani nokuthi "ihlala isikhathi eside." Ukubuyekezwa kokwenziwa ngaphambi kokuzibophezela ekukhuliseni ivolumu — ukuhlola izinyathelo, ukugcinwa kwe-antenna, ukubekwa kwamaphaneli, kanye nezingozi zokuhlangana ngokumelene nenqubo yangempela — yindawo eshibhile yokubamba konke lokhu, futhi ukubuyekezwa kwethu kwe-DFM kwakhelwe ngqo lokho kudluliselwa kusukela kumodeli osebenzayo kuya ekugijimeni okulinganayo nenkundla.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB yeKhonsathi kanye ne-Stage Glow Stick e-Highleap

I-Highleap Electronics iyifektri yokukhiqiza i-PCB kanye ne-PCB assembly, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB ye-concert kanye ne-glow stick esiteji kuhambisana ngokwemvelo nalokho esikwenzayo: ukwakha amabhodi amancane kagesi ngokwethembeka, ngobuningi obudingwa umbukiso, ngokwezidingo zekhasimende. Njengoba isidingo sokukhanyisa izixuku ezilawulwayo sikhula, izinkampani eziningi zobuchwepheshe bemicimbi, izinhlobo zokukhanyisa, kanye nabanikazi bemikhiqizo badinga ifektri engathatha umklamo we-glow-stick oqinisekisiwe futhi iwenze ube sezingeni eliphezulu - futhi yileyo indima esiyigcwalisayo.

Ubeka imininingwane — uhlelo lokulawula (i-RF noma i-IR), i-LED nokukhanya, ibhethri nokuthi ingabe isetshenziswa kanye noma ingashajwa, imikhawulo yendlu, kanye nevolumu — bese sakha i-PCB futhi siyihlanganise kulokho kanye, sithole izingxenye ngentengo yevolumu, bese sisebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kanye nokwamukelwa lapho umklamo wakho udinga khona. Ukubuyekezwa kwethu kwe-DFM kubheka umklamo ngaphambi kokuqaliswa futhi kuphawule noma yini engalimaza isivuno, ukwamukelwa, noma ukuhlanganiswa ngezinga — ukugcina ama-antenna, izinyathelo eziqinile, ukuhlanganiswa kwamaphaneli — njengezincomo okufanele uzinqume. Umklamo womkhiqizo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula kungokwakho okufanele ukuchaze; ingxenye yethu ukuwukhiqiza nokuwuhlanganisa njalo, kusukela kumodeli wokuqala kuya ku-pilot kuya ku-run egcwele yokuvakasha, kanye nokubamba isheduli yokuqalisa engaguquki. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna ukukhiqizwa kwe-stage glow stick noma ukukhiqizwa kwe-concert glow stick PCB, lokho kuhlanganiswa komsebenzi wokuhlola umkhiqizo ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa yilokho esikulethayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngenduku Yokukhanya Kwekhonsathi

Ingabe izinti zokukhanya zekhonsathi zisebenza ngogesi noma ngamakhemikhali?

Emibukisweni emikhulu yesimanje, zisebenza ngogesi. Ngaphakathi kwendlu encane kukhona ibhodi elincane lesekhethi elinama-LED e-RGB, i-microcontroller, i-wireless receiver, nebhethri — hhayi amakhemikhali amabili enduku yokuqhafaza nokushukumisa. Yilokho okuvumela umbala ukuthi ushintshe futhi uphendule embukisweni, okuyinto induku yamakhemikhali engenakuyenza.

Izinti zokukhanya ekhonsathini zilawulwa kanjani?

I-transmitter endaweni, evame ukuboshwa edeskini lokukhanyisa nge-DMX, isakaza imiyalo kuyo yonke intonga ngesikhathi esisodwa. Intonga ngayinye iyisamukeli esenza lokho ekutsheliwe, ngakho-ke umqhubi wokukhanyisa ushintsha umbala kanye nephethini yesixuku sonke kusuka endaweni yokulawula, evumelaniswe nomculo kanye nokukhanya kwesiteji.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinti zokukhanya ezilawulwa yi-RF kanye ne-IR?

I-RF (umsakazo) imboza yonke indawo futhi ifinyelele izinti kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zibonwa ngaluphi ulayini, isekela imiphumela ebekwe kuzo zonke izingxenye — kodwa induku ngayinye idinga isamukeli somsakazo kanye ne-antenna. I-IR (i-infrared) isebenzisa ama-emitter abekwe endaweni futhi ishibhile ngenduku ngayinye, kodwa idinga ulayini wokubona kanye nokumbozwa okuhle kwe-IR. Ukukhetha kuthinta ibhodi, izindleko, kanye nezinhlobo zemiphumela engenzeka.

Yiziphi izingxenye ezingaphakathi kwenduku yokukhanya elawulekayo?

Ngokuvamile i-LED eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ye-RGB, i-microcontroller encane ewashayelayo, i-receiver engenantambo (i-RF ene-antenna, noma i-IR), ibhethri elinokuxhumana kwayo nanoma yikuphi ukuphathwa kwamandla, kanye neswishi noma ukwenza kusebenze. Yibhodi elincane — ngokuvamile i-FR-4 futhi ikakhulukazi i-surface-mount — elifanelana nendlu encane.

Ingabe izinti zokukhanya zekhonsathi zisetshenziswa kanye noma zingashajwa kabusha?

Zombili zikhona. Eziningi ziyimishini eshibhile, ecishe isetshenziswe kanye kuphela esiseleni semali esilingana nomcimbi, ngezinye izikhathi ziqoqwa ukuze ziphinde zisetshenziswe noma zigcinwe njengesikhumbuzo. Ezinye - ngokuvamile ezihambweni ezinde - zingashajwa kabusha, zineseli ye-lithium kanye nesekethe yokushaja, ebiza kakhulu ngeyunithi ngayinye kodwa inciphisa ukungcola emibukisweni eminingi. Umnikazi womkhiqizo unquma ngokusekelwe ezinhlosweni zezindleko kanye nokusimama.

Zingaki izinti zokukhanya ezidingwa yikhonsathi?

Kwanele izilaleli, njengoba umphumela uncike ekutheni abantu abaningi babambe eyodwa. Lokho kungaba cishe izinkulungwane eziyishumi nanhlanu kuya kwezingamashumi amabili enkundleni kanye namashumi ezinkulungwane ngobusuku obunye ukuze bavakashele inkundla. Lelo nani yilona elenza ukukhiqiza kuhambisane, izindleko ngeyunithi ngayinye, kanye nesheduli yokulethwa eqondile kube yizinto ezibalulekile ekukhiqizeni.

Ubani okhiqiza i-PCB ngaphakathi kwenduku yokukhanya yekhonsathi?

Umkhiqizi we-PCB kanye nomhlanganisi uyakha — edala ibhodi elincane futhi ehlanganisa i-LED, i-microcontroller, i-receiver, kanye nezingxenye zebhethri kulo, ngomthamo odingwa umbukiso, kuya kumklamo womnikazi womkhiqizo. I-Highleap Electronics iphatha umsebenzi wokwakha-ukuhlanganisa-umthombo-wokuhlola-ukukhiqiza i-PCB yekhonsathi kanye ne-stage glow stick, kusukela ku-prototype kuya ku-tour run ephelele.