Isofthiwe ye-EAGLE PCB: Ingabe Imahhala, i-EAGLE vs i-KiCad, nokuthi Ungathumela Kanjani Amafayela e-Gerber

I-EAGLE ingenye yezinhlelo zokuklama ze-PCB ezisebenza isikhathi eside, ethandwa abenzi kanye namaqembu amancane ngenxa yokugeleza kwayo okuhlelekile nokuhleleka kanye nomtapo wolwazi omkhulu womphakathi. Manje iyingxenye ye-Autodesk Fusion, isalokhu iyindlela evamile yokuthola ibhodi eklanywe. Lo mhlahlandlela uphendula lokho abantu abakufunayo - ingabe i-EAGLE ayinayo, ukuthi iqhathaniswa kanjani ne-KiCad, ukuthi ungathumela kanjani ama-Gerbers avela ku-EAGLE - futhi ukhombisa ukuthi i-Highleap Electronics iguqula kanjani idizayini ye-EAGLE ibe ibhodi elenziwe, elihlanganisiwe.

1. Ingabe isofthiwe ye-EAGLE PCB imahhala?

I-EAGLE inezinga lamahhala elilinganiselwe elifanele amabhodi amancane, kodwa ukusetshenziswa okugcwele kudinga ukubhaliswa okukhokhelwayo kwe-Autodesk Fusion okuvula indawo yebhodi enkulu kanye nezendlalelo ezengeziwe. Izinga lamahhala lihlanganisa usayizi webhodi kanye nenani lezendlalelo, okulungile kumaphrojekthi alula omenzi kodwa okukhawulelwe kumadizayini amakhulu. Uma udinga ithuluzi lamahhala elingenamkhawulo wosayizi, i-KiCad iyindlela ehlukile evamile.

I-EAGLE (Umhleli Wesakhiwo Sezithombe Ezisebenziseka Kalula) ihlanganisa umhleli wesakhiwo nomhleli webhodi futhi igcina lokhu kokubili kuvumelanisiwe, isebenzise umtapo wolwazi obanzi - onikelwe kakhulu ngumphakathi -. Njenganoma yiliphi ithuluzi le-EDA, uhlelo luyingxenye yendaba kuphela: into enhle ayakhi kusukela kufayela lebhodi le-EAGLE kodwa kusukela kudatha yokukhiqiza ethunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, futhi izinkinga eziningi abantu ababhekana nazo yizinkinga zokukhipha noma zezinyawo, hhayi iziphazamiso ze-EAGLE. Uma umklamo wakho uqala ngomqondo odwetshwe ngesandla, umdwebo wesakhiwo se-PCB ohlelekile uyisisekelo konke okusekelwe kuso.

2. I-EAGLE vs KiCad vs Altium vs CircuitMaker

Khetha i-EAGLE uma ufuna ithuluzi elijwayelekile ezweni le-Autodesk, i-KiCad yokusetshenziswa kwangasese okungenamkhawulo mahhala, i-Altium Designer yobuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi, kanye ne-CircuitMaker yomklamo ovulekile wesitayela se-Altium wamahhala. Umkhiqizo wokukhiqiza ulinganiselwe kuwo wonke, ngakho ithuluzi alilokothi likhawulele ukuthi ubani ongakha ibhodi lakho.

Uma ufuna ithuluzi lamahhala, eliyimfihlo ngokuphelele, elingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi elingenamkhawulo wosayizi webhodi, i-KiCad iyisincomo esivamile. Uma usuvele usezweni le-Autodesk/Fusion noma ukhululekile nge-interface ye-EAGLE, i-EAGLE iyisinqumo esiphumelelayo.

3. Indlela yokuklama ibhodi ku-EAGLE (uhlelo, ukwakheka, imitapo yolwazi)

Abahleli ababili be-EAGLE abaxhumene banikeza indlela ehlanzekile kusukela embonweni kuya ebhodini: dweba uhlaka, nikeza izinyathelo eziqinisekisiwe, setha imithetho yokuklama, shintshela kumhleli webhodi ovumelanisiwe, umzila, bese usebenzisa ukuhlola imithetho yokuklama. Isifundo esigabeni ngasinye sigcina umklamo ungakhiqizwa:

• Dweba umdwebo. Beka izingxenye, xhuma amanethi, bese unikeza idivayisi ngayinye yangempela enophawu lonyawo oluqinisekisiwe ngokumelene neshidi ledatha kunokuba kufane igama lomtapo wokuqala.
• Phatha imitapo yolwazi ngokucophelela. Umtapo wolwazi omkhulu we-EAGLE, ikakhulukazi owakhiwe umphakathi, amandla awo kanye nengozi yawo; qinisekisa yonke indawo - osayizi bephedi, iphini elilodwa, i-polarity - ngoba iphethini yomhlaba engalungile iyimbangela ehamba phambili yebhodi elingakhiwa.
• Setha imithetho yokuklama. Setha ububanzi bomkhondo, ukuvuleka, ngobukhulu, kanye nendandatho ejikelezayo ibe yindlela yokukhiqiza yangempela ukuze ugweme ukuklama kabusha ngemva kokubuyekezwa kokukhiqiza.
• Umzila. Sebenzisa umhleli ovumelanisiwe ukuze ubeke izingxenye zokugeleza okuhle kwesignali kanye nokuziphatha kokushisa, bese uhambisa, ugcine amandla nomhlabathi kuqinile.
• Ukuphatha i-DRC. Sula wonke amaphutha ngaphambi kokukhiqiza umphumela; ukwephulwa okungaxazululiwe kuvame ukuba yizinkinga zokukhiqiza noma zokuhlanganisa.

4. Indlela yokuthekelisa amafayela e-Gerber avela ku-EAGLE ukuze akhiqizwe

Thumela ama-Gerber kusuka ku-EAGLE nge-CAM Processor usebenzisa umsebenzi ojwayelekile we-RS-274X CAM, bese ufaka ifayela le-NC drill, i-BOM, kanye nedatha yokuhlanganisa. Lesi sinyathelo sokuthumela yilapho amaphrojekthi edlula khona ikhotheshini ngendlela ehlanzekile noma ebambezeleka, ngakho-ke khiqiza futhi uqinisekise:

• Amafayela e-Gerber (noma i-ODB++) kuyo yonke ithusi, imaski, isikrini sesilika, kanye nesendlalelo sokunamathisela, kanye nohlaka lwebhodi. I-EAGLE yesimanje ifaka imisebenzi ye-CAM ekhipha isethi ehlanzekile ye-Gerber; Ifomethi ye-ODB++ kungcono uma kunikezwa, nokuqonda ukuthi Unjiniyela we-CAM ifunda idatha yakho iyasiza ngaphambi kokuthi uthumele.
• Ifayela le-NC drill enazo zonke izikhala zosayizi kanye nesimo esifakwe ipulasitiki/esingafakwanga ipulasitiki.
• BOM ngezinombolo zezingxenye zomkhiqizi, ezithunyelwa kusuka ku-schematic, ukuze izingxenye zitholakale ngempela.
• Ifayela lokukhetha nokubeka/le-centroid nendawo, ukujikeleza, kanye nohlangothi lwengxenye ngayinye yokuhlanganisa.
• Umdwebo wokuhlanganisa okubonisa i-polarity, i-pin eyodwa, ama-fiducial, kanye namanothi okungafanele agcwaliswe.

Inothi eliqondene ne-EAGLE: ngokuzenzakalelayo kuphela ukuthunyelwa kwe-silkscreen ephezulu, ngakho-ke uma udinga i-silkscreen engezansi, yifake ku-CAM Processor. Futhi njalo vula ama-Gerber akho athunyelwe kumbukeli ozimele ngaphambi kokuwathumela – ukubuka kuqala kwe-EAGLE akufani nalokho okutholwa yifektri, futhi ukuhlola okusheshayo kubamba izendlalelo ezibukwayo, imaski engekho, noma ukuqanjwa kwezingqimba okungacacile ngaphambi kokuba kubize umjikelezo wokubuyekeza.

5. Uhlu lokuhlola lokukhiqiza i-PCB ngaphambi koku-oda

Ngaphambi kokucela ikhotheshini, qinisekisa lezi zinto eziyisithupha – zivimbela ukubambezeleka kwephrojekthi ye-EAGLE okuvame kakhulu efektri:

• Yonke indawo eqashelwe iqinisekiswe ngokwedatha yayo kanye nenombolo yengxenye yokuthenga.
• Imithetho yokuklama ebekwe ekhonweni lokukhiqiza langempela, lapho i-DRC idlula kahle.
• Ama-Gerber, i-drill, i-BOM, i-centroid, kanye nomdwebo wokuhlanganisa konke kuthunyelwa kusuka ekubuyekezweni kokugcina okufanayo.
• Amafayela akhiqizwe avulwa futhi aqinisekiswa kusibukeli esizimele se-Gerber.
• Uhlaka lwebhodi, inani lezendlalelo, isisindo sethusi, ukuqeda ubuso, kanye nobuningi obunqunyiwe.
• Noma yiziphi izidingo ze-impedance, i-high-voltage, i-RF, noma ukushisa ezishiwo kumenzi.

6. Kusukela kufayela le-EAGLE kuya ebhodini elenziwe

Uma umkhiqizo wakho we-CAM usuhlanzekile, i-Highleap yakha kusuka kumafayela ajwayelekile, hhayi kusuka ku-EAGLE uqobo. Ngenxa yokuthi imiklamo ivame ukuncika emitatsheni yezincwadi etholakala emphakathini engaqinisekiswanga ukukhiqizwa, ukubuka kafushane ukuthi ungalungisa kanjani idatha onjiniyela be-CAM abayikhethayo kusiza ukugwema ukubamba okubambezela ukwakhiwa, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izinyathelo, ukuvuleka, osayizi bokubhoboza, kanye nokuqoqwa kwemininingwane kunengqondo.

Ukusuka lapho, i-Highleap ihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB enomthamo ophansi ngamavolumu aphezulu, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-turnkey ngokuthola iziteshi ezigunyaziwe, i-SMT kanye nokubekwa kwemigodi edlulayo, kanye nokuhlolwa - futhi ungaqinisekisa kuqala ngokusebenza okusheshayo kwe-PCB ngaphambi kokulinganisa. Uma uhambisa amafayela akho, faka iphakheji ephelele yokukhipha kanye nenani eliqondiwe, isidingo sesikhathi sokuhola, kanye nanoma yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile.

Thumela amafayela akho e-EAGLE ukuze uthole isilinganiso

7. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngesofthiwe ye-EAGLE

Ingabe i-EAGLE ikhululekile?

I-EAGLE inezinga lamahhala elilinganiselwe elifanele amabhodi amancane; ukusetshenziswa okugcwele kudinga ukubhaliswa okukhokhelwayo kwe-Autodesk Fusion. Ukuze uthole ithuluzi lamahhala elingenamkhawulo wosayizi, i-KiCad iyindlela ehlukile evamile.

Ingabe i-EAGLE noma i-KiCad zingcono?

I-EAGLE inikeza isikhombikubona esijwayelekile kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-Fusion MCAD; i-KiCad imahhala, ivulekile, iyimfihlo, futhi ayinamkhawulo wosayizi webhodi. Zombili zikhiqiza amafayela okukhiqiza ajwayelekile, ngakho-ke noma yiliphi lingakhiwa yinoma yimuphi umkhiqizo.

Ngiwathumela kanjani ama-Gerbers avela ku-EAGLE?

Sebenzisa i-CAM Processor enomsebenzi ojwayelekile we-RS-274X CAM, dala ifayela lokubhoboza le-NC, bese wengeza ungqimba lwesikrini se-silk uma kudingeka. Qinisekisa njalo umphumela kusibukeli esizimele se-Gerber.

Kungani ama-gerber ami e-EAGLE ebukeka kabi efektri?

Izimbangela ezivamile ungqimba olubukisiwe, ungqimba lwemaski noma lokunamathisela olungekho, isikrini sesilika esingezansi esingekho, noma ukuqanjwa kwengqimba okungacacile. Ukuhlola okuzimele kombukeli ngaphambi kokuthumela kuyabathola lokhu.

Ingabe iHighleap ingakhiqiza ibhodi eklanywe ku-EAGLE?

Yebo. I-Highleap yakhiwe ngamafayela okukhiqiza ajwayelekile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ithuluzi le-EDA lithini, futhi isibuyekezo sokukhiqiza sisiza ukuqinisekisa izinyathelo kanye nokuvuleka - kubalulekile lapho umklamo usebenzisa imitapo yolwazi ye-EAGLE yomphakathi.