Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ITEQ IT-170GRA1 PCB Kwemiklamo Yesivinini Esiphezulu Esiphansi Sokulahlekelwa Okuphakathi

I-ITEQ ibeka i-IT-170GRA1 ebangeni layo eliphansi lezinto eziphansi phakathi nokulahlekelwa, ngamanani ephothifoliyo ashicilelwe angu-Dk 3.80 kanye no-Df 0.009 ngokuqukethwe kwe-resin okungu-50%. I-Highleap Electronics ikhiqiza ama-PCB e-IT-170GRA1 emiklamo edinga ukulahlekelwa okuphansi kune-FR-4 ejwayelekile kodwa engavumeli ngokuzenzakalelayo i-laminate ephansi kakhulu yokulahlekelwa.

Leli ikhasi lezindleko/lokusebenza, hhayi isifinyezo sekhathalogi. Isinqumo esisebenzayo ukuthi ubude bomzila, izinga ledatha, ngesakhiwo kanye nephrofayili yethusi kungahlangabezana yini nesabelomali sesiteshi nge-IT-170GRA1. Uma isiteshi sifushane, i-FR-4 ejwayelekile ingaba yanele; uma inde kakhulu noma ixinene, kungadingeka izinga lokulahlekelwa eliphansi.

Lapho i-IT-170GRA1 Ihlala Khona Ebusweni Bokulahlekelwa

Imindeni yezinto ezibonakalayo ivame ukuhlanganiswa njengokulahlekelwa okujwayelekile, ukulahlekelwa okuphakathi, ukulahlekelwa okuphansi, ukulahlekelwa okuphansi kakhulu kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphansi kakhulu. Amagama ayahlobene, ngakho-ke i-Df eshicilelwe, imvamisa yokuhlola kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-resin kuwusizo kakhulu kunelebula lesigaba. I-ITEQ ibala i-IT-170GRA1 ku-Dk 3.80 kanye ne-Df 0.009 ene-RC 50%, ikubeka ngaphansi kokulahlekelwa okujwayelekile kwe-FR-4 kodwa ngaphezu kwemindeni ethuthukile yenkampani ene-Df ephansi.

Sebenzisa umhlahlandlela wokukhetha izinto ezisheshayo ukuze uqhathanise amazinga okulahlekelwa ngohlelo lokusebenza kunokuphatha uhlobo olulodwa njengempendulo kuzo zonke izixhumi ezibonakalayo.

Uma Isiteshi Sizuza Ku-IT-170GRA1

Iphrojekthi ewusizo engaba khona ingafaka ukubala kwezimboni, isitoreji, iseva, ukuxhumana noma ihadiwe yokulawula inethiwekhi ene-impedance elawulwayo kanye nobude bomzila obuphakathi. Isinqumo esibalulekile kufanele senziwe kusukela kusiteshi esigcwele:

• Ubude bomzila we-PCB kanye nokuqukethwe kwemvamisa
• Ukushintsha kwesixhumanisi kanye nekhebula
• Inani lama-through vias kanye nama-residual stubs
• Iphrofayili yefoyili yethusi
• Ikhwalithi yendiza yokubhekisela kanye nezinguquko zesendlalelo
• Ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa okuvunyelwe kanye nokulahlekelwa kokubuyiselwa
• Izinga lokushisa lokukhiqiza kanye nezidingo zokuthembeka

Isixhumi esifanayo singasebenzisa izinto ezahlukene ngobukhulu obuhlukene bebhodi. Yingakho "ukufaneleka kwe-25G" kungeyona isimangalo esiphelele ngobuchwepheshe. I-Highleap ingasiza ikhasimende ukuguqula isixhumi kanye ne-geometry kube yisinqumo sezinga lezinto ezibonakalayo.

Ama-Dk, Df kanye nama-Stackups e-Controlled-Impedance

Sebenzisa umklamo oqondene nokwakhiwa uDkt

I-Dk 3.80 ye-ITEQ iyinani lephothifoliyo elixhunywe kokuqukethwe kwe-resin okuchaziwe. Umklamo wangempela i-Dk incike kwisitayela sengilazi, okuqukethwe kwe-resin, ukujiya okucindezelwe, ukwelashwa kwethusi, imvamisa kanye nendlela yokwenza imodeli yomenzi. I-Highleap ikhipha i-stackup enamanani okuklama ahambisana nokwakhiwa okukhethiwe.

Ukuphazamiseka kokuphazamiseka kanye nokulahlekelwa kokufakwa kuyimibuzo yokwamukelwa ehlukile

I-TDR ingaqinisekisa i-impedance. Ayikwazi ngokwayo ukufakazela ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kokufakwa. Uma isabelomali sokulahlekelwa sibalulekile, chaza ikhuphoni, indlela, ububanzi bemvamisa kanye nomkhawulo. Umhlahlandlela wokucaciswa kwe-impedance elawulwayo ukhombisa ukuthi yini okufanele ibe semdwebweni wokwenziwa.

Izindlela zokubuya kanye nokuguqulwa

I-Df engezansi ayikwazi ukuvala isikhala sendawo yokubhekisela engaqhubeki noma i-stub enkulu esele. Izimpawu ezibalulekile kufanele zigcine indlela yokubuya elawulwayo, futhi izinguquko kufanele zibuyekezwe ukuze kutholakale ama-antipad, ama-vias okuthunga kanye nokwenzeka kokubhoboza emuva. I-stackup kufanele iqandiswe ngaphambi kokuba imithetho yokuqondisa iqedwe, hhayi ngemva kokuba ama-Gerber eseqedile.

Izingozi Zokukhiqiza kanye Nomlando Wokushisa we-PCBA

Ukwenziwa kwe-IT-170GRA1 kudinga ukulawulwa kobunikazi bezinto, ukwakhiwa kwe-press, ukujiya kwe-dielectric, iphrofayili yethusi, ukuqopha kanye nekhwalithi. Ukwakhiwa okuphansi kokulahlekelwa kungasebenzisa ithusi elibushelelezi noma ukucabanga kwe-dielectric okuqinile, okwandisa ukuzwela kokuthola kanye nenqubo.

Ngezinti kanye nekhwalithi yokubhoboza

Ngokushintshana kwemigodi edlulayo, chaza i-stub ephezulu eseleyo kuphela uma imodeli kagesi ikwenza kufaneleke. Ukujula kwe-backdrill, ukuvuleka kwesendlalelo kanye nokufinyelela kwe-drill kumele kube yinto ekhiqizwe. Izilinganiso ezincane noma ukujula zingacashunwa ezihlokweni zokuqala.

Ukuhlanganiswa kusathinta isinqumo se-laminate

Idatha yokulahlekelwa komphakathi ayichazi lonke uhlobo lokushisa. Ngaphambi kokukhetha kokugcina, ishidi ledatha lamanje kanye nesimemezelo sezinto ezivunyiwe kufanele kubuyekezwe ukuze kutholakale ukugeleza kabusha okuhlosiwe kanye nesidingo sokuthembeka. I-Highleap idinga futhi ukwazi ukuthi i-PCBA izobona yini ukugeleza kabusha okunezinhlangothi ezimbili, i-solder ekhethiwe noma i-BGA kabusha.

Ubufakazi Bokukhiqiza kanye Nezinye Izindlela Ezibonakalayo

Ukukhishwa komkhiqizo kungafaka phakathi ubunikazi bezinto/inqwaba, i-stackup ekhishwe, i-AOI yangaphakathi, amakhuphoni e-impedance, i-microsection, ukuhlolwa kukagesi kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-PCBA njengoba kuchaziwe. Kwipulatifomu entsha yesivinini esikhulu, iphakheji yokuxhumana kwesihloko sokuqala iwusizo kakhulu kunephakheji yesitifiketi ejwayelekile.

Izinto ezihlukile kufanele ziqhathaniswe ngokusebenza kanye nenqubo

I-IT-170GRA1 ingase iqhathaniswe ne-TUC TU-872 SLK, i-ITEQ IT-170GRA2, ezinye izinhlelo ze-FR-4 ezilahlekelwa phakathi noma izinga elijwayelekile le-Tg eliphezulu. Okulinganayo okuvunyiwe kumele kufane nethagethi kagesi, isigaba sokushisa, ukutholakala kwethusi, ukwakhiwa komshini wokucindezela kanye nemibhalo yamakhasimende—hhayi nje i-Df ezungezwe ibe amadesimali amathathu.

Ukuqhubeka kwephrothokholi kuya kuvolumu

Amaphaneli esibonelo namaphaneli evolumu angasebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukene noma usayizi wephaneli, kodwa umndeni wezinto ezikhishwe, i-stackup geometry, iphrofayili yethusi kanye nendlela yekhuphoni kufanele kuhlale kulawulwa. Noma yiluphi ushintsho oluthinta ukuhambisana kukagesi ludinga ukubuyekezwa okubhaliwe.

Isibonelo: ukunquma ukuthi izinga lokulahlekelwa okuphakathi liyafaneleka yini ngokwezomnotho

Cabanga ngebhodi lekhompyutha lezimboni elinezingqimba ezingu-12 elinomzila omude kakhulu wokwehluka ongu-180 mm, ukushintshana okubili okudlulayo kanye nesixhumi esisodwa sebhodi eliya ebhodini. Uma ukulingisa kubonisa umkhawulo okhululekile ku-FR-4 ejwayelekile, i-IT-170GRA1 yengeza izindleko ngaphandle kokuxazulula umkhawulo wangempela. Uma i-FR-4 ejwayelekile ishiya umkhawulo omncane ngemva kokulahlekelwa umqhubi kanye nesixhumi, izinga eliphansi lokulahlekelwa okuphakathi lingabuyisa isabelomali ngenkathi ligwema intengo kanye nomthwalo wokuthola umndeni olahlekelwe kakhulu. Isinqumo kufanele sibhalwe phansi ekukhishweni kwe -stackup ukuze ukuncishiswa kwezindleko kamuva kungasusi umkhawulo kagesi buthule.

Lokho i-Highleap ekubuyisayo ngemuva kokubuyekezwa kokuqala kobunjiniyela

Impendulo ewusizo ingaphezu kwentengo yeyunithi. I-Highleap ingabuyisa isincomo sokuqala sezinga lezinto ezibonakalayo, ukwakhiwa kwezendlalelo eziphakanyisiwe, izibikezelo ezibalulekile, izingozi zokukhiqiza, izinketho zekhuphoni kanye nohlu lwedatha engekho. Lokhu kunikeza umthengi indlela ecacile eya kwikhotheshini yokugcina futhi kuvumela unjiniyela wobuqiniso besignali ukuthi abone ukuthi yimaphi amanani asadinga ukulingiswa noma ukuqinisekiswa.

Izilawuli zezentengiselwano zama-oda aphindaphindwayo

Ukuze uthole ukukhiqizwa okuphindaphindiwe, khomba ukuqokwa kwezinto ezivunyiwe, isigaba sephrofayili yethusi, ukubuyekezwa kwe-stackup, indlela yekhuphoni ye-impedance kanye nanoma yikuphi ukushintshwa okuvinjelwe. Okulinganayo okungabizi kakhulu kungamukeleka, kodwa kufanele kungene ngenqubo yokushintsha ubunjiniyela ebhaliwe. Umthetho ofanayo usebenza esitayeleni sengilazi yokulungiselela: ushintsho olugcina ukujiya okuqediwe lungashintsha ukwakheka kwe-Dk, i-skew kanye nokulahlekelwa kokufakwa.

Ukuxhumanisa kwangaphakathi kanye nohambo lomthengi

Abathengi abasaqhathanisa amakilasi ezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele baqhubeke nomhlahlandlela wezinto ezibonakalayo osheshayo; onjiniyela abaqandisile izinto ezibonakalayo kodwa hhayi i-geometry kufanele bathuthele esiqondisweni se-impedance kanye ne-stackup; amaqembu okuthenga anokwakhiwa okukhishwe kufanele asebenzise ifomu lesilinganiso. Lezi zixhumanisi zibekwe ezindaweni zokuthatha izinqumo kunokuba ziqoqwe zibe yibhulokhi yezinsiza ezijwayelekile.

Okufakwayo Kwezingcaphuno Zezentengiselwano

Amanani anembile adinga ulwazi olwanele ukulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto, umsebenzi wokuqoqa, ukubhoboza, ukuhlola amakhuphoni kanye nokubika. I-IT-170GRA1 RFQ eyisisekelo kufanele ifake:

• Usayizi webhodi kanye nobuningi
• Inani lezingqimba kanye nobukhulu
• Indlela ende kakhulu ebucayi
• Izinga ledatha noma imvamisa eqondiwe
• Ithebula le-Impedance
• Isakhiwo se-Via kanye ne-backdrill
• Imfuneko yephrofayili yethusi
• Imfuneko yokuhlolwa kokulahlekelwa
• Ukuqedwa kwendawo
• Isikophu se-PCBA

Akukho simiso esidingekayo ukuze kuthengwe amanani okuqala, kodwa idatha yokukhiqiza kanye nemikhawulo yokuqoqa kuyadingeka ngaphambi kwe-DFM yokugcina. Uma izinto ezisetshenziswayo zigunyazwe amakhasimende, chaza ukuthi ezinye izindlela azivunyelwe noma zingase ziphakanyiswe ukuze zivunyelwe.

Ukuthenga ulimi oluvimbela ukungaqondakali

Inothi lokuthenga elisebenzayo lingasho ukuthi: “Uhlelo lwe-ITEQ IT-170GRA1 laminate/prepreg, ukwakhiwa okuvunyiwe ngokubuyekezwa komdwebo ngamunye, akukho ukufakwa kwezinto noma iphrofayili yethusi ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliwe; izidingo ze-impedance kanye nekhuphoni lokulahlekelwa njengoba kubhalwe ohlwini.” Leli gama liwusizo kakhulu kunokuthi “sebenzisa i-FR-4 elahlekelwa kancane” ngoba lixhumanisa uhlobo, ukwakhiwa kanye nesidingo sokulawula ushintsho. Uma ezinye izindlela zivunyelwe, i-PO kufanele ibone ukuthi ubani ozivumayo nokuthi yibuphi ubufakazi okumele buthunyelwe kabusha.

Kubahlinzeki abasha noma izakhiwo ezidluliselwe, cela ukuhlangana kwesihloko sokuqala kunokuba ucabange ukuthi i-trace geometry yomenzi wangaphambili ingakopishwa. Isinxephezelo se-etch, ubukhulu obucindezelwe kanye nephrofayili yethusi kungahluka ngokwanele ukuze kudingeke i-stackup ebuyekeziwe ngenkathi kugcinwa ithagethi efanayo kagesi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-IT-170GRA1

Ingabe i-IT-170GRA1 iyi-laminate ephansi kakhulu?

Cha. I-ITEQ iyibeka ebangeni eliphansi lokulahlekelwa okuphakathi. Inikeza i-Df ephansi kune-FR-4 ejwayelekile kodwa akuyona ipulatifomu yokulahlekelwa okuphansi kakhulu yenkampani.

Ingabe i-IT-170GRA1 iqinisekisiwe ukuthi ayinayo i-halogen?

Uhlu lwemikhiqizo yomphakathi olusetshenziswe kuleli khasi aluqinisekisi leso simangalo. Sebenzisa ishidi ledatha lomkhiqizo lamanje noma isimemezelo somhlinzeki ngaphambi kokucacisa ukuhambisana okungenazo i-halogen.

Ingabe ingathatha indawo ye-FR-4 ejwayelekile ngaphandle kokushintsha ububanzi bomkhondo?

Hhayi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ukwakhiwa okuhlukile kwe-Dk kanye nokucindezela kungashintsha i-geometry ye-impedance. Xazulula kabusha i-stackup bese uqinisekisa ukwakheka kokuqala.

Yibuphi ubufakazi okufanele bucelwe?

Okungenani, ubunikazi bezinto ezibonakalayo, i-stackup ekhishwe kanye nokuhlolwa kukagesi. Engeza i-impedance, i-microsection noma ukuhlolwa kokulahlekelwa kuphela uma ingozi yomkhiqizo ikufanele.

Inkomba yezinto eziyinhloko: Uhlu lwemikhiqizo yomphakathi ye-ITEQ. Izibalo zomkhiqizi ziyizindinganiso ezijwayelekile zokubhekisela; sebenzisa ishidi ledatha lamanje kanye nokwakhiwa okuvunyiwe ukuze uthole imininingwane yokukhiqiza.