Izilawuli ze-Photovoltaic: Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Nezici

Yini isilawuli se-Photovoltaic?

Isilawuli se-Photovoltaic singenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko ohlelweni lokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic. Umsebenzi waso oyinhloko ukuphatha nokulawula amandla kagesi akhiqizwa amaphaneli elanga.

Ake sihlolisise isimiso sokusebenza sesilawuli se-Photovoltaic . Singakwazi ukuqapha nokulawula izinqubo zokushaja nokukhipha amabhethri, siqinisekise ukuphepha kwawo kanye nokusebenza kahle. Ngokuphatha amandla kagesi ngempumelelo, singandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwamabhethri.

Isilawuli se-Photovoltaic sinezici ezilandelayo ezibalulekile:

Ukuthuthukiswa Kokuguqulwa Kwamandla: Kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic, kukhuphule ukuguqulwa kwamandla elanga abe amandla kagesi asebenzisekayo.
Ukuvikela Ibhethri: Kuvimbela ukushajwa ngokweqile nokukhipha ngokweqile, kunciphisa ukuguga kwebhethri nokwehluleka.
Ukuzinza: Kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwalo lonke uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic, olungathinteki izici zangaphandle.

Lapho ukhetha isilawuli se-Photovoltaic, izici ezilandelayo zidinga ukucatshangelwa:

• Isikali nezidingo zesistimu.
• Uhlobo lwebhethri namandla.
• Ikhwalithi yesilawuli nokuthembeka.

Isilawuli se-Photovoltaic siyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic. Ayithuthukisi kuphela ukusebenza kwesistimu nokusebenza kahle kodwa futhi ivikela ukuphepha nempilo yamabhethri. Ukuqonda isimiso sokusebenza nezici zesilawuli se-Photovoltaic kubalulekile ekukhethweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwayo okulungile.

Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe eyinhloko yesilawuli se-photovoltaic

1. I-voltage yesistimu

I-voltage yesistimu ibizwa nangokuthi i-rated operating voltage, okubhekisela ku-DC yokusebenza kagesi yohlelo lokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic. Amandla kagesi ngokuvamile angu-12V no-24V. Izilawuli zamandla aphakathi nendawo neziphezulu nazo zine-48V, 110V, 220V, njll.

2. Ubuningi bokushaja bamanje

Inani eliphezulu lokushaja lamanje libhekisela ekukhishweni kwamanje okuphezulu ngemojula yeseli yelanga noma amalungu ayisikwele. Ngokuvumelana nosayizi wamandla, ihlukaniswe yaba yi-5A 6A 8A 10A 12A 15A 20A 30A 40A 50A 70A 100A 150A 200A 250A 300A nokunye okucacisiwe. Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa amandla amakhulu amamojula weseli yelanga ukuze baveze lokhu okuqukethwe, okubonisa ngokungaqondile ipharamitha yobuchwepheshe yokushaja okuphezulu kwamanje.

3. Inombolo yeziteshi zokufakwayo ze-solar cell

Izilawuli ze-photovoltaic ezinamandla aphansi ngokuvamile zinokufaka okukodwa, kuyilapho izilawuli ze-photovoltaic ezinamandla aphezulu zinokufakwa okuningi okuvela kuhlu lwamaseli elanga. Ngokuvamile, izilawuli ze-photovoltaic ezinamandla aphezulu
Iziteshi ezi-6 zingafakwa, futhi eziningi zingaxhunywa eziteshini eziyi-12 noma iziteshi eziyi-18.

4. Circuit self-ukulahlekelwa

Ukulahlekelwa kwesifunda kwesilawuli nakho kungenye yemingcele yayo yobuchwepheshe eyinhloko, ebizwa nangokuthi ukulahlekelwa kokungalayishwa (i-quiescent current) noma i-self-consumption current enkulu. Ukuze unciphise isilawuli sika
Ukulahlekelwa, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi we-photovoltaic, ukulahlekelwa kwesifunda sesilawuli ngokwayo kufanele kube phansi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ubukhulu bokulahlekelwa kwesilawuli ngeke budlule umthamo waso wokushaja olinganiselwe.
I-1% yokugeleza noma i-0.4W. Ngokuya ngomjikelezo, ukulahlekelwa kwayo ngokuvamile ku-5 ~ 20MA.

5. I-voltage yokuvikela ukushajwa kwebhethri (HVD)

I-voltage yokuvikela ukushajwa kwebhethri ibizwa nangokuthi ukunqanyulwa okugcwele noma i-overvoltage shutdown voltage. Ngokuvamile, ingasethwa phakathi kuka-14.1 ~ 14.5V (12
V system), 28.2~29V (24V system) kanye 56.4~58V (48V system), amanani ajwayelekile angu-14.4V, 28.8V kanye no-57.6V ngokulandelanayo. Ukuvikela ukushajwa kwebhethri
I-voltage yokutakula yokuvala shaqa (HVR) ngokuvamile isethelwa kokukodwa kokuthi: 13.1~13.4V (uhlelo lwe-12V), 26.2~26.8V (uhlelo lwe-24V) kanye no-52.4~53.6V (uhlelo lwe-48V)
isikhathi, amanani ajwayelekile angu-13.2V, 26.4V kanye no-52.8V ngokulandelanayo

6. I-voltage yokuvikela ukukhishwa kwebhethri ngokweqile (LVD)

I-voltage yokuvikela ukuchichima ngokweqile kwebhethri ibizwa nangokuthi i-under-voltage disconnection noma i-under-voltage shutdown voltage. Ngokuvamile, ingasethwa phakathi kuka-10.8~11.4V (
Phakathi kwesistimu ye-12V), 21.6~22.8V (uhlelo lwe-24V) kanye no-43.2.~45.6V (uhlelo lwe-48V), amanani ajwayelekile angu-11.1V, 22.2V kanye no-44.4V ngokulandelanayo. Ibhethri lidlulile
I-voltage yokutakula yokuvala shaqa (LVR) yokuvikela ukukhishwa ngokuvamile isethwe ukuze ithi: 12.1~12.6V (uhlelo lwe-12V), 24.2~25.2V (uhlelo lwe-24V) kanye no-48.4~50.4V (48V
amasistimu), amanani ajwayelekile angu-12.4V, 24.8V kanye no-49.6V ngokulandelanayo.

7. I-voltage entantayo yokushaja ibhethri

I-voltage yokushaja nentantayo yebhethri ngokuvamile ingu-13.7V (12V system), 27.4V (24V system), kanye no-54.8 (48V system).

8. Isinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa

Isilawuli ngokuvamile sinomsebenzi wokunxeshezelwa kwezinga lokushisa ukuze sivumelane namazinga okushisa ahlukene okusebenza kwemvelo futhi sisethe i-voltage yokushaja enengqondo kakhudlwana yebhethri.
I-coefficient yesinxephezelo kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bebhethri, futhi inani layo lesinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa ngokuvamile lingu- -20~-40mV/oC.

9. Izinga lokushisa lendawo yokusebenza

Izinga lokushisa elisetshenziswayo noma lendawo yokusebenza yesilawuli liyahlukahluka kumkhiqizi, ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka -20~+50 oC.

10. Eminye imisebenzi yokuvikela

• Okokufaka kwesilawuli nomsebenzi wokuvikela isekethe emfushane. Amasekhethi okokufaka nokukhiphayo wesilawuli kufanele abe namasekhethi okuvikela isifunda esifushane ukuze anikeze umsebenzi wokuvikela igagasi
• Umsebenzi wokuvikela ukushaja okuphambene nokuhlehla. Isilawuli kufanele sibe nomsebenzi wokuvikela ukuvimbela ibhethri ekushajweni okuhlane ukuya kuseli yelanga.
• Umsebenzi wokuvikela ukuhlehla kwe-polarity. Uma i-solar cell module noma ibhethri ixhunywe kusilawuli, isilawuli kufanele sibe nomsebenzi wesifunda sokuvikela lapho i-polarity ihlehliswa.
• Umsebenzi wokuvikela umbani. Isiphetho sokufaka sesilawuli sivikelwe ekushayweni kombani. Uhlobo nesilinganiso sesibophi kufanele sikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukumuncwa kwamandla omthelela alindelekile.
• Ukuvikelwa ku-voltage ye-impulse kanye nomfutho wamanje. Faka izikhathi ezingu-1.25 i-voltage yegama ekufakweni kweseli yelanga yesilawuli ihora elilodwa, isilawuli akufanele sonakalise. Uma isilawuli sokushaja isekethe yamanje sifinyelela izikhathi ezingu-1.25 zamanje okuzisholo ngehora elilodwa, isilawuli akufanele sonakaliswe.

Isiphetho

Kafushane, izilawuli ze-Photovoltaic zisebenza njengezingxenye ezibalulekile ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo zamandla elanga, ezibhekele ukuphathwa nokulawulwa kwamandla kagesi atholakala kumaphaneli elanga. Ngokuthuthukisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla, ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwebhethri, nokugcina ukuqina kwesistimu, lezi zilawuli zifaka isandla ekusebenzeni okuphumelelayo nokuthembekile kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic. Ngokuqonda okuphelele kwemingcele yabo yezobuchwepheshe nezici, abasebenzisi bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ekukhetheni nasekusebenziseni izilawuli ze-Photovoltaic ngempumelelo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1.Iyini indima yabalawuli be-photovoltaic ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza amandla elanga?

Izilawuli ze-Photovoltaic zilawula futhi zilawula ugesi okhiqizwa ama-solar panel ohlelweni lwamandla elanga. Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko ihlanganisa ukugada ukushajwa nokushajwa kwebhethri ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwayo nokusebenza ngokugcwele.

2.Izilawuli ze-photovoltaic zifaka kanjani isandla ekuvikelweni kwebhethri?

Izilawuli ze-Photovoltaic zivimbela ukulimala kwebhethri ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezinjengokukhokhiswa ngokweqile kanye nokuvikelwa kokukhipha ngokweqile. Ngokulawula ukugeleza kwamandla kagesi, banciphisa ukuguga nokukhala kwebhethri, ngaleyo ndlela bandise impilo yayo futhi baqinisekise ukwethembeka kwayo.

3.Yiziphi izici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha isilawuli se-photovoltaic?

Uma ukhetha isilawuli se-photovoltaic, izici ezifana nobukhulu nezidingo zesistimu, uhlobo nomthamo wamabhethri asetshenzisiwe, kanye nekhwalithi nokuthembeka kwesilawuli ngokwaso kufanele kucatshangelwe. Ukukhetha isilawuli esifanele kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwayo yonke isistimu yakho yamandla elanga.

I-4.Izilawuli ze-photovoltaic zithuthukisa kanjani ukuguqulwa kwamandla ezinhlelweni ze-photovoltaic?

Izilawuli ze-Photovoltaic zithuthukisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla ngokukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwamaphaneli elanga ekuguquleni ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi osebenzisekayo. Balawula inqubo yokushaja futhi bavimbele ukulahlekelwa kwamandla ngenxa yokushajwa ngokweqile noma ukuchithwa ngokweqile, ngaleyo ndlela baqinisekise ukuqoqwa okuphezulu nokusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga.

5.Ngaphezu kokuvikelwa kwebhethri, yimiphi eminye imisebenzi yokuvikela isilawuli se-photovoltaic esinayo?

Ngokungeziwe ekuvikelweni kwebhethri, izilawuli ze-photovoltaic zinikeza ezinye izici ezihlukahlukene zokuvikela. Kuhlanganisa okokufaka nokukhiphayo ukuvikelwa kwesekethe emfushane, ukuvikela ukushaja okuphambene nokuhlehla, ukuvikelwa kwe-polarity okuhlehlayo, ukuvikelwa kombani okokufaka, amandla kagesi kanye nokuvikela kwamanje, njll. Lezi zici zivikela lonke isistimu emonakalweni ezintweni zangaphandle, iqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwayo kwesikhathi eside.

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