I-Protel PCB: Ingabe Ifana Nomklami we-Altium, nokuthi Ungawavula Kanjani Amafayela E-Legacy Protel

I-Protel iyisofthiwe yokuklama i-PCB eyakhula yaba yi-Altium Designer yanamuhla, ngakho-ke igama livela ezimweni ezimbili: ukugcina imiklamo emidala eyenziwe ku-Protel noma ku-Protel DXP, kanye nokucwaninga uhlu lozalo lwe-Altium. Lo mhlahlandlela uphendula lokho abantu abakufunayo - ingabe i-Protel ifana ne-Altium, indlela yokuvula ifayela elidala le-Protel, indlela yokukhipha idatha yokukhiqiza - futhi ubonisa ukuthi i-Highleap Electronics iguqula kanjani idizayini ye-Protel evuselelwe ibe ibhodi elakhiwe, elihlanganisiwe.

1. Ingabe iProtel ifana ne-Altium Designer?

Yebo – iProtel ingumanduleli we-Altium Designer. Isofthiwe yathuthuka ngezizukulwane ezilandelanayo, okuhlanganisa nesikhathi se-Protel DXP esikhunjulwa kakhulu, yaba yindawo ehlanganisiwe manje ethengiswa njenge-Altium Designer, ngakho-ke banguhlobo olufanayo lomkhiqizo kunokuba amathuluzi ancintisanayo. Uma umuntu ebhekisela ku-“Protel” namuhla, ngokuvamile usho ifayela lokuklama elidala laleso sikhathi noma umugqa womkhiqizo we-Altium uwonke.

Kunjiniyela osebenzayo lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu: ukufakwa kwe-Altium yesimanje kuyikhaya lemvelo lemiklamo yesikhathi se-Protel, futhi umkhiqizo wokukhiqiza okhiqizwayo uwulwazi olufanayo olujwayelekile olulindelwe yinoma yimuphi umenzi wezinto. Ifa laleli thuluzi alishintshi lokho okudingwa yifektri - i-Gerber noma i-ODB++, idatha yokubhoboza, i-BOM, kanye nedatha yokuhlanganisa. Uma kukhona ibhodi elingenalutho kuphela futhi umthombo wokuqala ulahlekile, ukukhishwa kwesakhiwo kungabuyisa umklamo osebenzisekayo ukuze usebenze kuwo.

2. Indlela yokuvula ifayela elidala le-Protel noma le-Protel DXP

Vula ifayela elidala le-Protel noma le-Protel DXP ku-Altium Designer yamanje, okuyiyona elandela ngqo futhi indlela ethembekile kakhulu yokufuduka kwephrojekthi ngenkathi kulondolozwa ukuxhumana okuhleliwe kuya kwesakhiwo. Ngenxa yokuthi i-Altium yehla ngqo ku-Protel, iyaqonda amafomethi akudala futhi iwabuyekezele endaweni yesimanje ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuxhumana.

Isixwayiso esiyinhloko ukuthi ungacabangi ukuthi ifayela elivuliwe selikulungele ukukhiqizwa ngokushesha. Ukuthutha ifayela kuyisinyathelo sokuqala nje; umklamo udinga ukuqinisekiswa kabusha ngokumelene nezingxenye zamanje kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza lamanje, elihlanganiswa yisigaba esilandelayo. Phatha ukufuduka njengokubuyisa umklamo, hhayi ukuwuqinisekisa.

3. Ukuvuselela umklamo we-Protel wakudala: okufanele ukuhlole

Uma uvuselela umklamo we-Protel wesikhathi esidlule, qinisekisa izinyathelo zonyawo ngokuqhathanisa namaphepha edatha amanje, shintsha izingxenye eziphelelwe yisikhathi, buyekeza imithetho yokuklama ibe yindlela yokukhiqiza yesimanje, bese uphinda usebenzise ukuhlolwa kokuxhumana. Izingxenye ziyaphelelwa yisikhathi futhi ukubekezelelana kokukhiqiza kuyaqhubeka, ngakho-ke ukufuduka okungaqinisekisiwe kungathwala izinyathelo zonyawo ezingasafani nezingxenye ezitholakalayo:

• Qinisekisa izinyathelo zonyawo kanye nemitapo yolwazi ngokumelene namashidi edatha amanje nezingxenye ongazithenga ngempela; indawo efanele eminyakeni edlule ingase ikhombise iphakheji ephelelwe yisikhathi.
• Hlola kabusha imithetho yokuklama. Ukuhlukaniswa, ububanzi be-trace, kanye nosayizi ovela kumklamo omdala kungase kungafani nobuningi bezingxenye zesimanje noma ikhono lefenisha yakho yamanje.
• Qinisekisa ukuxhumeka. Phinda usebenzise umthetho wokuklama kanye nokuhlolwa kokuxhumeka ukuze uthembe umklamo oguquliwe ngaphambi kokukhiqiza.

Phatha umklamo we-Protel ovuselelwe njengento okufanele iqinisekiswe kabusha ngokumelene nomkhuba wamanje wokuklama isekethe kagesi , hhayi nje ukuthunyelwa kabusha kwamanye amazwe.

4. Indlela yokuthekelisa amafayela okukhiqiza avela ku-Altium/Protel

Kusukela kumklamo we-Protel othuthiwe noma iphrojekthi entsha ye-Altium, thumela isethi efanayo ejwayelekile: i-Gerbers (noma i-ODB++, ifayela lokubhoboza le-NC, i-BOM enezinombolo zezingxenye zomkhiqizi, kanye nedatha yokuhlanganisa. Khiqiza futhi uqinisekise:

• Amafayela e-Gerber (noma i-ODB++) kuyo yonke ithusi, imaski, isikrini sesilika, kanye nesendlalelo sokunamathisela, kanye nohlaka lwebhodi. I-ODB++ yehlisa ukungaqondakali kokuqanjwa kwezingqimba, kanye nokuqonda ukuthi i- Unjiniyela we-CAM icubungula idatha esiza ngaphambi kokuyithumela.
• Ifayela le-NC drill enazo zonke izikhala zosayizi kanye nesimo esifakwe ipulasitiki/esingafakwanga ipulasitiki.
• BOM ngezinombolo zezingxenye zomkhiqizi - okubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwefa lapho izingxenye zokuqala zingase zingasasebenzi; bheka ukuthi yini i-BOM elungele ukukhiqizwa kufanele iqukathe.
• Ifayela lokukhetha nokubeka/le-centroid ngesimo sengxenye ngayinye, ukujikeleza kwayo, kanye nohlangothi lwayo.
• Umdwebo wokuhlanganisa okubonisa i-polarity, i-pin eyodwa, ama-fiducial, kanye namanothi okungafanele agcwaliswe.

Vula njalo ama-Gerber athunyelwe kumbukeli ozimele ngaphambi kokuwathumela. Ngokuklanywa okufudukile ikakhulukazi, ukuhlolwa kombukeli kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuguqulwa akuzange kulahle ungqimba, kufanekise okuthile, noma kulahlekise ama-drill - kulula ukuwafaka lapho ushintsha phakathi kwezizukulwane zamathuluzi.

5. Uhlu lokuhlola lokukhiqiza lwe-PCB lwemiklamo yakudala

Ngaphambi kokucela ikhotheshini yomklamo ovuselelwe, qinisekisa lezi zinto - ugxile kakhulu kulezo eziphathelene nefa:

• Iphrojekthi yakudala ivuliwe futhi yabuyekezwa ku-Altium Designer yamanje, nokuxhumana kuqinisekiswe kabusha.
• Izinyathelo zihlolwe ngokuqhathanisa namaphepha edatha amanje; izingxenye eziphelelwe yisikhathi zithathelwe indawo yizilinganiso eziqinisekisiwe.
• Imithetho yokuklama ivuselelwe yaba ikhono langempela lokukhiqiza, kanti i-DRC idlula ngendlela ehlanzekile.
• Ama-Gerber, i-drill, i-BOM, i-centroid, kanye nomdwebo wokuhlanganisa konke kuthunyelwa kusuka ekubuyekezweni kokugcina okufanayo.
• Amafayela akhiqizwe avulwa futhi aqinisekiswa kusibukeli esizimele se-Gerber.
• Uhlaka lwebhodi, inani lezendlalelo, isisindo sethusi, ukuqeda ubuso, kanye nobuningi obunqunyiwe.
• Noma yiziphi izidingo ze-impedance, i-high-voltage, i-RF, noma ukushisa ezishiwo kumenzi.

6. Kusukela kufayela le-Protel kuya ebhodini elenziwe

Uma iphakheji yakho yokukhipha isihlanzekile, i-Highleap yakha kusukela kumafayela ajwayelekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi avela ku-Protel, Protel DXP, noma i-Altium Designer yesimanje. Ngokuqondene nemiklamo yakudala evuselelwe, ukubuyekezwa kwezinkinga ezivamile zokukhiqiza kubalulekile ngoba kuhlola izinyathelo kanye nokuvuleka kusakhiwa futhi kuveza izinkinga ezingasasebenzi kahle ngaphambi kokwakhiwa, hhayi ngemva kwalokho.

Ukusuka lapho, i-Highleap ihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB enomthamo ophansi ngamavolumu aphezulu, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-turnkey ngokuthola izingxenye ezivela eziteshini ezigunyaziwe - kuyasiza lapho i-BOM endala idinga okulinganayo kwamanje - kanye ne-SMT kanye nokubekwa kanye nokuhlolwa kwembobo edlulayo. Uma uhambisa amafayela akho, qaphela ukuthi umklamo ungowakudala bese uphawula noma yiziphi izingxenye osola ukuthi ziphelelwe yisikhathi, kanye nobuningi bakho obuqondiwe kanye nesidingo sesikhathi sokuhola.

Vuselela umklamo wakho wefa - thola isilinganiso

7. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Protel PCB

Ingabe iProtel iyafana ne-Altium Designer?

Yebo. Isofthiwe yashintsha kusukela ku-Protel (kufaka phakathi inkathi ye-Protel DXP) yaba yi-Altium Designer yanamuhla, ngakho-ke iwuhlobo olufanayo lomkhiqizo kunokuba amathuluzi ancintisanayo.

Ngilivula kanjani ifayela elidala le-Protel noma le-Protel DXP?

Yivule ku-Altium Designer yamanje, umlandeli wemvelo kanye nendlela ethembeke kakhulu yokufuduka kwamaphrojekthi e-Protel akudala ngenkathi kulondolozwa ukuxhumana okuhleliwe kuya kwesakhiwo.

Yini okufanele ngiyihlole lapho ngivuselela umklamo we-Protel wakudala?

Qinisekisa izinyathelo zonyawo ngokuqhathanisa namaphepha edatha amanje, shintsha izingxenye eziphelelwe yisikhathi, buyekeza imithetho yokuklama ibe yindlela yokukhiqiza yesimanje, bese usebenzisa kabusha ukuxhumana kanye nokuhlolwa kwemithetho yokuklama ngaphambi kokukhiqiza.

Yimaphi amafayela adingwa yi-fab?

Amafayela e-Gerber noma e-ODB++, ifayela le-NC drill, uhlaka lwebhodi, kanye – lokuhlanganisa – i-BOM enezinombolo zezingxenye zomkhiqizi, ifayela lokukhetha nokubeka, kanye nomdwebo wokuhlanganisa. Engeza amanothi e-stackup amabhodi e-multilayer noma i-controlled-impedance.

Ingabe iHighleap ingakhiqiza ibhodi ngomklamo weProtel wakudala?

Yebo. I-Highleap yakha ngamafayela okukhiqiza ajwayelekile kungakhathaliseki ubudala bethuluzi lokuklama, ithola okulingana kwamanje kwezingxenye eziphelelwe yisikhathi, futhi isebenzisa isibuyekezo sokukhiqiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umklamo omdala usakhiwa.