Ukukhiqizwa Nokuhlanganiswa kwe-PCB ye-USB Audio Interface Yemikhiqizo Yomsindo Yochwepheshe

I-interface yomsindo ye-USB ingabonwa yikhompyutha futhi ihluleke ukuhlolwa okubalulekile kumsebenzisi wayo: ukuqoshwa okuhlanzekile nokudlala okuthembekile. Ukufakwa kwemakrofoni okunomsindo, isiteshi sokuqapha esibuyiselwe emuva noma isixhumi sephaneli yangaphambili esihleli kabi kungenzeka singaveli ngesikhathi sokuhlola uxhumano lwe-USB oluyisisekelo. Leyo futhi imininingwane eyenza ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB yesixhumi somsindo se-USB kuhluke ekugcwaliseni nje ibhodi lokulawula ledijithali. Ekuhlanganisweni kwebhodi lokuxuba i-karaoke , izigaba zokuzuza imakrofoni, izilawuli zokuxuba kanye nemiphumela yomsindo kufanele kuhlolwe ndawonye ukuze kutholakale isisekelo, ukufakwa kwesixhumi kanye nokufinyelela kokuhlola.

I-Highleap Electronics ikhiqiza ama-PCB angenalutho futhi ihlanganisa ama-PCBA ezinto zikagesi eziklanywe ngamakhasimende kuzo zonke izimboni eziningi. Izixhumi zomsindo ze-USB zingenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza esingazibuyekeza zokwenziwa nokuhlanganiswa. Asithengisi isixhumi somsindo esiqediwe esijwayelekile ngaleli khasi. Inhloso ukusiza i-OEM noma ithimba lokuthenga ihadiwe liqonde ukuthi yini okufanele icaciswe, igcinwe futhi ihlolwe lapho isekethe yalo yomsindo iqala ukukhiqizwa.

Lapho i-PCB ye-USB Audio Interface Ithola Noma Ilahlekelwa Ikhwalithi Yomsindo

Indlela yesignali incike kumkhiqizo. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sokurekhoda singase sithathe imakrofoni noma isignali yensimbi sidlule engxenyeni engaphambili ye-analog kanye ne-ADC ngaphambi kokuthumela umsindo wedijithali nge-USB. Idivayisi yokudlala ingase ithathe umsindo we-USB nge-DAC bese ishayela i-line output noma i-headphone amplifier. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sesitudiyo sokufaka okubili singaqukatha zombili izindlela, kanye nezilawuli zokuqapha. Lokhu kwehluka kunquma ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye kanye nokuhlolwa kokukhiqiza okubalulekile.

Gcina isigaba sokufaka sihambisana

Ama-microphone kanye nezinto zokufaka ezisebenza nge-high-impedance ziyazwela endleleni isekethe evunyiwe ehlanganiswa ngayo. Ama-amplifier, izinkomba, ama-gain-setting resistor, izingxenye zokuxhuma kanye nezihlungi kufanele zilandele i-BOM ekhishwe. Lapho umklamo unikeza amandla e-phantom, ukushintsha kwawo, ukuvikelwa kanye nezingxenye ezilinganiswe nge-voltage zidinga ukuhlolwa kwazo okuchaziwe. Ingxenye enephakheji efanayo kanye nenani elijwayelekile ayiyona into eyamukelekayo ngokuzenzakalelayo esigabeni esizwela umsindo.

Ungaklami kabusha indlela yokubuya ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza

Amawashi edijithali, amasignali e-USB, ama-converter kanye ne-analog circuitry kungabelana ngebhodi elincane. Isu elifanele lokusekela phansi kanye nokusabalalisa amandla lingokwedizayini kagesi ye-OEM; akukho mthetho ojwayelekile wokuthi yonke i-PCB yomsindo idinga indiza yomhlaba ehlukanisiwe. Izinguquko zokwenziwa ezithinta i-geometry yethusi, izindiza zokubhekisela, ukuhlunga noma isikhundla sengxenye kufanele zibuyekezwe kunokuphathwa njengokulungiswa kwenqubo okuvamile.

Kwiyunithi eqediwe, imibuzo efanele iyazwakala futhi iyalinganiswa: Ingabe okufakiwe ngakunye kufinyelela esiteshini esifanele? Ingabe ukuziphatha kokuzuza njengoba kuchaziwe? Ingabe okuphumayo kuyahlangabezana nemikhawulo yomsindo, izinga kanye nokuhlanekezela kwe-OEM? Ifektri ingahlola ngokumelene nemikhawulo echaziwe, kodwa incazelo yokusebenza komsindo eshicilelwe kumele ivele ezidingweni zomkhiqizo eziqinisekisiwe.

Izixhumi, Izilawuli kanye Neqiniso Lokuhlanganiswa

Amabhodi esixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo se-USB avame ukuhlanganisa ama-IC acwebezelayo nezixhumi ezinkulu ngokomzimba kanye nezilawuli zomsebenzisi. Ama-XLR noma ama-combo jacks, amasokhethi e-TRS, ama-encoder kanye nama-potentiometer angenza ukuqondaniswa kwemishini kubaluleke njengokubekwa kwe-solder. I-PCBA ingase iphumelele ukuhlolwa kukagesi kodwa kube nzima ukuyifaka uma izixhumi zayo zingahambisani nephaneli yangaphambili noma yangemuva.

Imininingwane emithathu okufanele iqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kokuqala

• Ukulingana kwesixhumi kanye nokusekelwa: chaza ubukhulu bembobo yokufaka, ama-data ephaneli kanye nanoma yikuphi ukugcinwa kwemishini okudingekayo ezingxenyeni ezivezwe ekufakweni kwekhebula okuphindaphindiwe.
• Ukuxhumeka kwe-USB namandla: cacisa isixhumi sangempela se-USB, ukusetshenziswa kwedatha kanye nokuhlelwa kwamandla. I-USB-C receptacle iyodwa ayisho ukuthi umkhiqizo usekela i-USB 3 noma i-USB Power Delivery.
• Izilawuli kanye nokumapha iziteshi: bhala phansi ukuqondiswa okulindelekile kanye nokusebenza kwama-gain knobs, izinkinobho, izilawuli zemonitha kanye nemiphumela yesobunxele/kwesokudla.

Uma i-enclosure eyodwa inezinhlobo eziningana zebhodi, ukuhlolwa kokulingana kwesihloko sokuqala kungaveza izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba kukhishwe i-oda lomhlangano omkhulu. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi kuma-interface aqinile anama-jack aboshwe ngomshini ku-PCB kanye ne-enclosure yensimbi.

Lokho i-Highleap Ekwenzayo Kwezinto Zomsindo Eziklanywe Amakhasimende

I-Highleap iyifektri yokukhiqiza nokuhlanganisa i-PCB, hhayi umkhiqizi onqunyelwe emikhiqizweni yomsindo ye-USB. Izinsizakalo zethu zokukhiqiza ze-elekthronikhi ezibanzi zikhonza ama-elekthronikhi aphethwe ngamakhasimende ezinhlelweni ezahlukene. Iphrojekthi yomsindo icashunwa ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwayo kwangempela kwebhodi, izingxenye, inqubo yokuhlanganisa kanye nezinto eziceliwe.

I-oda le-PCB elingenalutho liphathelene nedatha yokukhiqiza, izinto zokwakha, ukuhlanganiswa kwezingqimba, ukubhoboza kanye nezidingo zohlaka. I-oda lebhodi elinabantu abaningi lengeza amalungiselelo okuphakelwa kwezingxenye kanye nomsebenzi wokuhlanganisa ibhodi lesifunda . Imikhiqizo eminingi yomsindo ihlanganisa ama-semiconductor kanye nama-passives abekwe ngaphezulu nezixhumi ezisebenzisa imbobo noma eziqiniswe ngomshini, ngakho-ke zombili izinqubo kungadingeka zicaciswe. Ukuhlela, ukucushwa, ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kuchazwa ngokwehlukana ngokuya ngephrojekthi.

Yiziphi izinguquko ezidinga ukuvunyelwa?

Izinqumo zokukhiqiza ezibaluleke kakhulu zivame ukuba yilezo ithimba lokuthenga noma lenqubo elingazibheka njengezincane. Ukushintsha i-op-amp, ireferensi ye-converter, i-oscillator, isilawuli se-USB noma isixhumi kungathinta ukusebenza komsindo, ukuhambisana kwe-firmware noma ukulingana kwe-enclosure. Ukubuyekezwa kokuklama-ukuhlanganisa (i-DFA) kungakhomba ukukhathazeka kokubekwa, isixhumi kanye nenqubo, kuyilapho izinguquko kumklamo kagesi wekhasimende zisadinga ukuvunyelwa.

Ngokufanayo, umsebenzi wezinga lebhodi akufanele udidaniswe nomkhiqizo womsindo ophelele. Ukuziphatha komshayeli we-Host, isisekelo se-enclosure, ukuhambisana ne-EMC yokugcina kanye nokusebenza komsindo komkhiqizo wokugcina okushicilelwe kudinga ukuqinisekiswa okufanele kwezinga lesistimu. Noma yimuphi umsebenzi ongaphezu kokwenziwa nokuhlanganiswa kwe-PCB kufanele ucaciswe kulokho okucashuniwe kunokuba ushiwo yibinzana elithi “turnkey.”

Ukuhlola Izindlela Zomsindo Zangempela Ngaphambi Kokukhishwa Komkhiqizo

Ukubalwa kwe-USB kuyindlela yokuqala ewusizo yokuhlola, kodwa akubonisi ukuthi konke ukufaka kwe-analog, ukulawula kwemonitha noma ukuphuma kuyasebenza. Uma ukhetha izindlela zokuhlola ze-PCB kanye ne-PCBA , inqubo yokukhiqiza echazwe yi-OEM kufanele ibonise iziteshi nezici ezifakwe ebhodini.

Isibonelo, uhlelo lokuhlola oluvunyiwe yikhasimende lungase ludinge:

• Ukuhlonza idivayisi kanye ne-firmware noma ukuqinisekiswa kokucushwa ekusethweni komsingathi okuchaziwe.
• Isignali yomsindo eyaziwayo esetshenziswa kokufakwayo ngakunye okucacisiwe, kanye nesiteshi esiphumelayo kanye nezinga elihloliwe.
• Ukuhlola ukuphuma komugqa wesobunxele/kwesokudla noma kwe-headphone kusetshenziswa imithwalo echaziwe kanye namazinga esignali.
• Ukusebenza kwemisebenzi ye-gain, mute, monitor, buttons, encoders noma i-phantom-power, lapho ikhona khona.
• Izilinganiso ezifana nokuphendula kwemvamisa, umsindo noma i-THD+N kuphela uma i-OEM inikeza imikhawulo, izidingo zemishini kanye nendlela ephindaphindwayo.

Umkhiqizo weziteshi eziningi udinga imephu yesiteshi ecacile; i-stereo loopback elula ayiqinisekisi iziteshi ezingahlobene. Ama-converter aphinde asetshenziswa, ama-jack noma izingxenye ze-analog nazo zingadinga ukuhlolwa okuqondiwe. Imikhawulo ecacile yenza imiphumela ibe wusizo ekwamukelweni nasekuphindaphindweni kwama-oda esikhundleni sokushiya "ukuhlolwa komsindo" njengesithembiso esingachazwanga.

Okufanele kufakwe ku-RFQ

Ukuze uqhathanise izingcaphuno ze-PCB kanye ne-PCBA ngendlela efanele, nikeza amafayela e-Gerber noma e-ODB++, i-stack-up, imidwebo yokuhlanganisa, idatha yokukhetha nokubeka kanye ne-BOM evunyiwe. Ukuze wakhe umsindo, faka futhi ubukhulu bokuxhumanisa, i-firmware noma amafayela okulungiselela lapho kufanele khona, imephu yesiteshi sokufaka/sokukhipha, indlela yokuhlola eceliwe kanye nobuningi ngenguqulo yebhodi. Khomba noma yiziphi izingxenye okungafanele zishintshwe. Izidingo zefayela lokuhlanganisa le-PCB le-Highleap zinikeza ireferensi ewusizo yokuhlela iphakheji yokukhiqiza eyinhloko.

I-Highleap Electronics ingabuyekeza lawo madokhumenti ukuze isungule ububanzi bokukhiqiza obucacile be-PCB yakho yomsindo we-USB—noma ibhodi le-elekthronikhi elenziwe ngamakhasimende. Ikhotheshini ewusizo ihlukanisa ukwenziwa, ukutholakala kwezinto, ukuhlanganiswa, ukuhlela kanye nokuhlolwa ukuze ubone kahle ukuthi yini efakiwe ngaphambi kokufaka i-oda.