Mapini ePCB ePress-Fit vs Soldered: Sarudzo dzeMusoro, Chinobatanidza, uye Through-Hole

Kusarudza pakati pemapini ePCB anotsiviwa neanotsiviwa kunokanganisa zvakawanda kupfuura kungonakidza kugadzira: kunochinja kuchengetedza kweconnector, kushanda zvakanaka, zvinodiwa pakuputira, uye njodzi yechigadzirwa chapera. Maheaders nema power terminals achiri kushandisa through-hole soldering zvakanyanya, asi tekinoroji yepress-fit inogona kubvisa kushushikana kwekupisa uye kuisa nekukurumidza kana dhizaini ichiitsigira. Gwaro iri rinoenzanisa mapini ePCB anotsiviwa neanotsiviwa neanotsiviwa, rinovhara pachiri kukosha kusundira nemaoko uye kubvisa soldering, uye rinoratidza kuti Highleap Electronics inobata sei mapini econnector zvakavimbika pakukura kwekugadzira.

1. Chii chinonzi mapini ePCB solder?

Mapini ePCB solder ndiwo mapini esimbi, malead, kana materminal — kazhinji pamisoro nezvinobatanidza — anopfuura nemaburi ari mubhodhi uye anosungirirwa kumaplates akafukidzwa kuti agadzire kubatana kwakasimba kwemagetsi nemechanical. Kusiyana nematerminals anoiswa pamusoro pebhodhi anogara pamusoro, mapini aya anopinda nebhodhi, achipa joint yakasimba inodzivirira kushushikana kwemechanical, ndosaka zvinobatanidza nezvinobatanidza zvinowanzoshandiswa.

Iyi ndiyo tekinoroji yekupinda nepaburi: pini iri mugomba rakaputirwa, uye solder inozadza bharero kuti isunge pini nemhangura kumativi ese. Simba remuchina ndiro chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti mapini ekupinda nepaburi arambe aripo kune zvinobatanidza, ma terminal emagetsi, uye chero chinhu chinovharwa, kudhonzwa, kana kumanikidzwa, kunyangwe muchimiro chekugadzira pamusoro. Kunzwisisa tekinoroji yakakura yekupinda nepaburi kunoita kuti matanho ekusonesa nekubvisa solder pasi ave pachena.

2. Maitiro ekusonesa mapini emusoro kuPCB

Kuti ugadzire mapini emusoro, isa musoro mumaburi awo, batanidza pini imwe chete kuti iite mativi mana, wobva wapisa padhi imwe neimwe pamwe chete woisa solder kuti ifambe ichitenderedza pini wozadza gomba, zvichiita kuti pave nejoini rakatsetseka rakaita sekoni. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekudziisa joini, kwete solder, kuti inyorovese zvakanaka. Maitiro acho:

• Gara wobata pini imwe chete. Isa musoro, wobva wabatanidza pini imwe chete uchibata musoro uchiupukuta uye wakatwasuka; tarisazve kurongeka kwawo usati waita zvimwe.
• Pisa pfundo. Bata simbi papedhi nepini kwechinguva kuti zvese zvipise, izvo zvinoita kuti solder inyorovese pamusoro pese.
• Chinosungirirwa pajoini. Isa solder padhi rinopisa nepini (kwete zvakananga kumuromo wesimbi) kuitira kuti itenderere pini yozadza gomba rakaputirwa.
• Chinangwa chekoni yakachena. Nzvimbo yakanaka inopenya uye yakakombama, ichinyorovesa pini yobuda papedhi; bvisa simbi woisiya ichitonhorera isina kukanganiswa.

Shandisa flux kubatsira kunyorovesa, uye simbi inodzorwa nekupisa kudzivirira kupisa pad. Rudzi urwu rwebasa remaoko rwakanakira ma prototypes uye kugadzirisa patsva - nzira yekutanga yekunamira nekudzima mapini emusoro einjiniya wese anofanira kuziva - asi pahuwandu, kunamira kwemuchina kunokurumidza uye kwakafanana.

3. Maitiro ekubvisa mapini pasina kukuvadza bhodhi

Kuti ubvise mapini ekusolder, nyungudutsa jira wobvisa solder yakanyungudutswa uchishandisa solder sucker kana desoldering braid, uchisunungura pini yega yega — uye kune multi-pin headers, shandisa pfuti ye desoldering kana kuwedzera solder itsva kuti uparadzire kupisa kuitira kuti mapini ese abude pamwe chete. Zvikamu zve multi-pin ndizvo zvakaoma nekuti pini yega yega inofanira kunyungudutswa panguva imwe chete kuti ibvise chikamu pasina kubvarura mapedhi. Maitiro:

• Pini imwe chete: Pisai jira mobvisa chisungo chacho nechinhu chinosundidzira chesolder chine spring-loaded kana kuti desoldering braid, ipapo pini inosimuka yakasununguka.
• Misoro ine mapini akawanda: Pfuti inobvisa simbi ine muromo wakapinza inonyungudutsa uye inobvisa tsvina panhengo imwe neimwe, inova ndiyo nzira yakachena yekubvisa musoro.
• Pasina pfuti: Kuisa solder itsva pakubatanidza mapini akawanda kunogona kuparadzira kupisa kuitira kuti arambe akanyunguduka pamwe chete paunenge uchibvisa chikamu chacho, kana kucheka muviri wepurasitiki wobvisa mapini rimwe nerimwe.
• Dzivirira mapedhi: Usamboshandisa pini nesimba kana solder yacho yakasimba — kusimudza kana kudhonza pini dzinotonhora ndiko kunobvarura mapedhi emhangura nekuparadza bhodhi.

Njodzi inoramba ichiitika ndeyekukuvara kwemapedhi kunokonzerwa nekushaya mwoyo murefu kana kupisa kwakanyanya, izvo zvinoita kuti mapedhi akasimudzwa aite kuti kugadzirisa kuri nyore kuve kugadzirisa. Pamaburi akaputirwa, bharedhi rinowedzera simba, asi mapedhi epamusoro achiri kukuvadzwa, saka nzira yakagadzikana inokosha kupfuura simba.

4. Mapini akasungirirwa vs mapini anodzvanywa nepress-fit: ekushandisa

Mapini akasungirirwa anobatanidzwa nesolder kuti ashande zvakanaka uye kuti awane mari shoma yekushandisa, nepo mapini anosungirirwa mumaburi akaputirwa kuti agadzire solder isina solder — press-fit inokodzera maconnector ane nhamba yakakura, mabhodhi akakora kwazvo, uye mashandisirwo akavimbika anodzivirira kuneta kwemajoini esolder. Ose anoita connection ine maburi asi nenzira dzakasiyana:

• Pini dzakatengeswa kuvimba nejoini yesolder, kushanda nemaitiro akajairwa, uye ndiwo anowanzo shandiswa pamahedhi mazhinji uye maconnector.
• Mapini anokwana nepress-fit ine chikamu chinoenderana nezvinodiwa chinoshanduka kuita gomba rakaputirwa kuti chibatanidzwe zvisina gasi pasina solder, chakanakira zvibatanidza zvikuru uye mapuraneti ekumashure uko kusona mazana emapini kusingashande kana uko kuvimbika kwemajoini esolder kana uchidedera kuri dambudziko.

Kudzvanya-kukwana kunoda saizi chaiyo yeburi uye plating uye dhizaini chaiyo yepini, saka chisarudzo chemaitiro chinoitwa nemugadziri. Zvese zviri zviviri chikamu chemufananidzo wakakura wePCB connector , uye sarudzo isina soldered-versus-solderless inoratidza kutengeserana kwakakura kwenzvimbo yekumisikidza pamusoro peburi — simba uye kushanda zvakanaka kana maitiro acho ari nyore.

5. Kukanganisika kwakajairika kwepini yesolder uye maitiro ekudzivirira

Zvikanganiso zvinonyanya kutaurwa pamusoro pemapini zvinosanganisa mapini, majoini anotonhora, kusakwana kwemaburi, uye mapedhi akasimudzwa - uye chimwe nechimwe chine chikonzero chakajeka uye chinogadziriswa. Kuzviziva kunoita kuti pave nekudzivirira:

Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekudzora kupisa uye huwandu hwesolder. Mukugadzirwa kwehuwandu, majoini aya anogadzirwa newave soldering kana selective soldering, iyo inoshandisa kupisa uye soldering zvakafanana papini yega yega uye yozoongororwa — inodzokororwa zvakanyanya kupfuura mitsara yepini inosoldering nemaoko. Mapatani ezvikanganiso pamaitiro aya anonzwisiswa zvakanaka, sekutarisa uku kwewave soldering defects.

6. Maitiro eHighleap solders kuburikidza neburi pini pachiyero

Highleap solders inopinza mapini nepaburi remafungu kana selective soldering - uye inodzvanywa painokodzera dhizaini - mukati meimwe assembly flow, saka connectors neheaders zvinowana majoini akafanana, akaongororwa pane kushandiswa nemaoko kwakasiyana-siyana. Maitiro acho anoenderana nebhodhi: wave soldering ye majoini akawanda nepaburi remafungu, selective soldering apo bhodhi rinoiswa pamusoro penzvimbo rine zvikamu zvishoma chete nepaburi remafungu zvisingafaniri kukanganisa zvikamu zviri pedyo.

Nekuti mapini anopinza maburi anowanzo kuve maconnector anomanikidzwa nekanika, mhando yemajoini uye kusimba kwemapad kunokosha, saka chivakwa chinoongororwa uye, kana zvichidikanwa, maburi neplating zvinotsanangurwa kuti zvienderane nekudzvanywa. Highleap inoita izvi kuburikidza nePCB assembly yakazara pamwe chete nesurface-mount mu turnkey assembly . Paunokumbira mutengo, nyora maconnector neheaders, huwandu hwemapini anopinza maburi, kungave uchida soldered kana press-fit, uye ukobvu hwebhodhi kuitira kuti maitiro akakodzera ashandiswe.

7. Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa pamusoro pePCB solder pini

Ndinofanira kushandisa tembiricha yakadii pakusolder header pini?

Simbi inodzorwa nekupisa inosvika 315–370°C inokodzera mapini mazhinji emusoro, akakwirira kune asina lead pane lead solder. Chinangwa ndechekupisa pad nekupina nekukurumidza kuitira kuti solder inyorove pasina kugara kwenguva yakareba zvakakwana kuti pad isimudzwe.

Ungabvisa sei musoro kubva kuPCB usina pfuti inobvisa simba?

Wedzera solder itsva pamapini akati wandei kuitira kuti arambe akanyunguduka pamwe chete paunenge uchirerutsa musoro, kana kucheka muviri wepurasitiki wobvisa mapini acho ega ega. Usambodhonza pini solder yacho ichiri yakasimba, nekuti izvozvo zvinosimudza mapedhi.

Sei mapini angu emusoro achiramba achibatanidza?

Kazhinji shandisa solder yakawandisa kana simbi yakamanikana. Shandisa solder shoma, wedzera flux kuti ienderere pamapedhi kwete pakati pemapini, uye pukuta bhiriji chero ripi zvaro ne desoldering braid.

Unogona kushandisazve ma header pins mushure mekubviswa kwe solder?

Kazhinji hongu kana zvikabviswa zvakanaka pasina kukotama kana kupisa zvakanyanya, kunyange hazvo chidimbu chepurasitiki chingakuvadzwa nekupisa. Pabasa rakakosha uye rakavimbika, kushandisa misoro mitsva ndiyo sarudzo yakachengeteka.

Chii chinonzi pini inopinzwa nepress-fit uye inoda kusungirirwa?

Pini inokwana nepress ine chikamu chinoenderana nezvinodiwa nepress inodzvanywa mugomba rakafukidzwa kuti igadzire kubatana kusina solder, kusingapindi gasi — haidi soldering. Inoshandiswa pakubatanidza zvinhu zvine pin-count yakawanda uye pakushandisa hard-board kana kuti thick-board.

Ko mapini e solder anoda flux here?

Ehe — flux inobvisa oxide saka solder inonyorovesa pini nepedhi zvakanaka. Waya yesolder ine flux mukati mayo, asi kuwedzera flux yakawanda kana mapini achibatanidza kana kubvisa soldering kunovandudza kuyerera uye kunoita kuti majoini akachena ave nyore.