Chiratidzo Kutendeseka muATE PCB: Injiniya Yechokwadi yeYakakwira-Speed ​​Semiconductor Kuedzwa

Nhanganyaya: Nei Chiratidzo Kuvimbika muATE PCB Dhizaini Inogadzirisa Kurongeka Kweyedzo

Kuvimbika kwechiratidzo mukugadzirwa kwePCB yeATE kunotarisa zvakananga kururama uye kudzokorora kwekuyedzwa kwemidziyo ye semiconductor. Mumasystem eOtomatiki Equipment Equipment, mabhodhi ekutakura , mabhodhi einterface , uye makadhi eprobe zvinoumba nzira yakakosha yechiratidzo pakati pevayedzisi nemidziyo iri kuyedzwa. Pama frequency akawanda-gigahertz nenguva dzekukwira kwepicosecond-level, kunyangwe kusagadzikana kudiki kweimpedance kana mhedzisiro yekubatanidza inoshandura kuita zvikanganiso zvekuyera zvinokanganisa mhedzisiro yebvunzo.

Matambudziko ekutanga anosanganisira kutarisisa kubva kune impedance mismatches, crosstalk pakati pepedyo bvunzo nzira, uye chiratidzo chekudzivirira kuburikidza nekurasikirwa nzira dzekufambisa. Idzi nyaya dzinonyanya kuoma kana bvunzo dzakatemwa dzichida sub-millivolt kurongeka mumazana ematanho akafanana. Kusiyana neakajairika maPCB anoshanda pazasi ma frequency, kuchengetedza chiratidzo chekuvimbika muATE PCB maapplication kunoda kuomarara kwemagetsi dhizaini chirango apo yega yega kuburikidza, yekutevera kona, uye yekubatanidza shanduko inofanirwa kuchengetedza kutendeka kwechiratidzo mukati meyakawanda-gigahertz spectrum.

Signal Kuvimbika Matambudziko mune Yakakwira-Speed ​​ATE PCB Zvikumbiro

Dhizaini yePCB inomhanyisa yeATE inoda kudzora kwakasimba kweimpedance kuti ideredze kuratidzwa uye kutaura pakati penzira dzekuyedza. Midziyo yemazuva ano yesemiconductor inoshanda nekumhanya kwewachi kunodarika 5 GHz, nematanho emucheto wechiratidzo ari pasi pe100 picoseconds. Pakumhanya uku, mhedzisiro yemutsara wekutumira inotonga, uye kusagadzikana kwese kwemuviri kunoshanda senzvimbo inogona kuratidzwa kana nzira yekubatanidza.

Kufungisisa uye Impedance Discontinuity

Reflection inoitika kana hunhu impedance ichichinja munzira yechiratidzo. Zvakajairwa kuratidzira masosi muATE PCB magadzirirwo anosanganisira:

• Nzvimbo dzekubatanidza - Kuchinjana pakati pemuyedzisi nebhodhi rekutakura kunogadzira matanho ekudzivirira anoratidza zvikamu zvechiratidzo zvine frequency yakakwira.

• Kuburikidza nekuchinja -chinja kwezvikamu kunounza kusagadzikana kwe capacitive kunze kwekunge kwakagadzirwa zvakanaka ne controlled pad geometry.

• Kusiyana kwehupamhi hwetrace - Kushivirira kwekugadzira uye zvipingamupinyi zvenzira zvinokonzera kutsauka kweimpedance munzira dzechiratidzo.

• Kusawirirana kwekuguma - Manetwork ekugumisa asina kunaka anotadza kupinza simba rechiratidzo chezviitiko, zvichiita kuti pave nemafungu akamira.

Iyo 10-ohm impedance kutsauka pa 5 GHz siginecha frequency inoburitsa ratidziro inodarika gumi muzana yechiitiko wave, ichigadzira kukonzeresa kwenhema uye kuyerwa kusagadzikana.

Crosstalk Between Test Channels

Crosstalk muATE PCB dhizaini inomuka kubva kumagetsi ekubatanidza pakati pepadyo nechiratidzo chechiratidzo. Capacitive coupling inotonga pane yakakwirira frequency, nepo inductive coupling inowedzera kana masaini achigovana nzira dzekudzoka dzazvino. Mune dense load board marongero ane 0.1mm trace spacing, pedyo-kumagumo crosstalk inogona kusvika −30 dB kana yakaipisisa pasina hunyanzvi hwekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe, zvichikonzera kutadza kwenhema mukuyerwa kweanalogi.

Attenuation uye Dielectric Kurasikirwa

Signal attenuation inowedzera nezvose zviri zviviri frequency uye trace kureba. Yakajairwa FR-4 zvinhu zvinoratidza dissipation zvinhu zvakatenderedza 0.02, zvichikonzera 1-2 dB yekuisa kurasikirwa painji pa5 GHz. Zvemaapplication eATE anoda 24-inch siginecha nzira kubva kune tester interface kuenda kune mudziyo kubata, cumulative attenuation inodzikisira siginecha amplitude uye kukanganisa waveform mipendero, inokanganisa zvakananga nguva yekumisikidza uye voltage maburi.

Ground Bounce uye Return Path Kutendeseka

Kusakwana dhizaini yepasi uye yakavhiringwa nzira dzekudzoka dzinogadzira bhanhire repasi iro varoorani vanoita ruzha mumatanho echiratidzo. Kuburikidza neshanduko pakati pemasignal layers inofanirwa kuchengetedza inoenderera ichidzoka nzira dzemazuva ano kuburikidza nepedyo yepasi vias. Pasina kuenderera mberi uku, dzoka mafairi anotenderera munzira refu, achiwedzera loop inductance uye kugadzira yakajairika-modhi ruzha mumatanho akawanda.

Dhizaini Matekiniki eChiratidzo cheKutendeseka muATE PCB Magadzirirwo

Inoshanda bvunzo bhodhi dhizaini inosanganisa impedance control, yakagadziridzwa nzira dzekudzoka, uye yakaderera-kurasikirwa zvinhu kuchengetedza chiratidzo chekuvimbika. Aya anotevera mainjiniya maitiro anogadzirisa akakosha masisitimu anodzikisira mhando yechiratidzo munzvimbo dzekumhanya kweATE.

Inodzorwa Impedans uye Trace Geometry

Dhizaini yeimpedance inodzorwa inochengetedza impedance ine hunhu hunogara huripo munzira yese yechiratidzo. Kune matrace e50-ohm ane magumo rimwe chete, microstrip geometry inoda kudzora kwakaringana upamhi hwetrace, ukobvu hwedielectric, uye huremu hwemhangura. Maitiro akajairika anoshandisa matrace e5-mil pamusoro pe5-mil dielectric space kusvika pasi, ne ±10% impedance tolerance.

Magadzirirwo eStripline anopa mukana wepamusoro wekuisa masaini akakosha asi anoda nzvimbo yakafanana pakati pemareferensi. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kugadzikana kweimpedance. Malaminate asina kurasikirwa zvakanyanya akadai sePanasonic Megtron 6 (Dk=3.6, Df=0.002 pa5 GHz) kana laminate yakasarudzika isina kurasikirwa zvakanyanya (Dk=3.48, Df=0.0037) anochengetedza hunhu hwe dielectric hwakafanana mukusiyana kwetembiricha uye frequency.

Crosstalk Suppression Strategies

Crosstalk kudzvinyirirwa muATE PCB marongero anosanganisa nzvimbo yejometri, nzira dzekudzivirira, uye kusiyanisa kusaina. Kuchengeta 3× trace wide spacing pakati pezvikwangwani zvepedyo zvinoderedza capacitive coupling pazasi −40 dB yezvakajairwa stripline masisitimu. Yakagadzika magadhi anoteedzera pakati pematanho ane hunyoro anopa kumwe kuparadzaniswa asi anoshandisa yakakosha nzvimbo yenzira mune dense mutoro bhodhi dhizaini.

Differential pair routing inopa hunhu kurambwa kweruzha rwepamusoro-kumhanya masaini edhijitari. Kubatana kwakasimba pakati pematanho akasiyana (spacing ≤ trace wide) inowedzera kurambwa-yakajairwa-modhi apo ichideredza mutsauko we impedance. Mune multilayer mutoro mabhodhi, alternating chiratidzo layer polarities inoderedza kure-kumagumo crosstalk nekushandisa mhedzisiro yekudzima munda pakati pematanho ari padyo.

Dzorera Nzira uye Ground Management

Kuenderera mberi kwenzira yekudzoka kunogadzirisa ukuru hwepasi uye yakakwirira-frequency chiratidzo chekuvimbika muATE PCB magadzirirwo. Yese chiratidzo chechiratidzo chinoda iri padyo, isina kukanganiswa pasi ndege kuti ipe yakaderera-impedance yekudzoka nzira dzazvino. Kuburikidza neshanduko pakati pemasignal layers inofanira kusanganisira pasi kuburikidza nekusona mukati me λ/20 spacing kuchengetedza nzira yekudzoka kuenderera kune dzimwe shanduko shanduko.

Ndege yepasi inotsemuka pasi pezvikwangwani zvekumhanya zvinogadzira kudzoka kwazvino kutenderera kunowedzera loop inductance uye kupenya kwemagetsi kukanganiswa. Madhizaini ebhodhi anotakura anofanirwa kufambisa masaini perpendicular kune inodiwa pasi kupatsanurwa kwendege kana kupa pasi ekusona macapacitor kumabhiriji akakamurwa matunhu.

Connector uye Interface Optimization

ATE inopindirana pakati petester uye mutoro bhodhi inomiririra yakakosha impedance discontinuities inoda kunyatsogadziriswa. High-speed connectors inofanirwa kuchengetedza inodzorwa impedance kuburikidza nenharaunda yekubatana, kazhinji vachishandisa coaxial kana twinaxial yekubata dhizaini. Interface optimization inosanganisira kudzikisira kureba kubva kune yekubatanidza pads, kushandisa kumashure-kuchera kune kuburikidza-gomba vias, uye kuenzanisa trace impedance kune chinongedzo chekubatanidza.

Yemazuva ano bvunzo masisitimu anoshandisa yakakwirira-density compression majoini ane akabatanidzwa pasi anobatika. Yakakodzera mating interface dhizaini inoda inodzorwa pad geometry, solder mask tsananguro, uye goridhe kupedzisa kwepamusoro kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenderana kubata kuramba uye impedance.

Simulation uye Kusimbiswa kweATE PCB Chiratidzo Kutendeseka

SI/PI simulation inobatsira mainjiniya kusimbisa impedance, crosstalk, uye kuratidzira kuita pamberi pebvunzo bhodhi rekugadzira. Electromagnetic field solvers seAnsys HFSS, Keysight ADS, uye Siemens HyperLynx inobvisa frequency-inotsamira yekufambisa mitsara mitsara kubva mumuviri PCB geometry.

Pre-Layout Electromagnetic Analysis

Pre-layout simulation inogadza inogoneka stack-up masisitimu uye impedance zvinangwa. Maviri-dimensional emumunda anogadzirisa anokurumidza kuongorora trace geometries, kuverenga hunhu impedance, inoshanda dielectric kugara, uye kunonoka kuparadzira kweakasiyana dhizaini masisitimu. Ongororo iyi inotungamira kusarudzwa kwezvinhu uye inotarisisa hurefu hwekutsvaga nzira isati yanyatso tanga.

Post-Layout Verification

Post-layout simulation inosimbisa nzira dzechiratidzo dzakakwana dzinosanganisira zvinongedzo, vias, uye kumisa network. Matatu-dimensional field solvers modhi yakadzama geometry inosanganisira kuburikidza nembiya shanduko, pad zvimiro, uye chinongedzo chekubatanidza matunhu. Diyagiramu yemeso simulation inoratidza kana masaini akagamuchirwa anochengetedza akaringana nguva magidhi uye voltage mazinga mushure mekuparadzira kuburikidza negero rakazara.

Kusimbiswa Kwenyama uye Kuedzwa

Kusimbiswa kwemuviri kunosimbisa kufungidzira kwekufungidzira kuburikidza nevector network analyzer zviyero uye yakakwirira-kumhanya oscilloscope maitiro. S-parameta zviyero zveakagadzirwa bvunzo mabhodhi anosimbisa impedance kudzora uye kuverengera kurasikirwa kwekuisa pane ese ekushanda frequency. Loop-back kuyedzwa kuburikidza neATE chiteshi inosimbisa yakazara system chiratidzo kutendeseka pasi pemamiriro ekushanda echokwadi.

Zvishandiso uye Stack-up Mafungiro eATE PCB Chiratidzo Kutendeseka

Kusarudza iyo chaiyo laminate uye stack-up chimiro kwakakosha muATE PCB dhizaini yekuenderana yakakwira-kumhanya chiratidzo chekufambisa. Material zvivakwa zvinotarisa zvakanangana nechiratidzo chekuparadzira hunhu, ine dielectric inogara ichikanganisa impedance uye kunonoka kuparadzira nepo dissipation chinhu chinotonga chiratidzo chekudzivirira.

Yakaderera-Kurasikirwa Dielectric Materials

Low-kurasikirwa laminates kuderedza chiratidzo attenuation munzira refu kutapurirana sezvakangoita reload board dhizaini. Yakajairika FR-4 zvinhu zvine dissipation zvinhu zvakapoteredza 0.02 pa1 GHz zvinoburitsa kurasikirwa kusingagamuchirwe kune akawanda-gigahertz masaini. Zvishandiso zvepamberi senge Isola Astra MT77 (Df=0.0017 pa10 GHz) kana Panasonic Megtron 7 (Df=0.0014 pa28 GHz) inoderedza kurasikirwa kwekuisa ne50% kana kupfuura zvichienzaniswa neyakajairwa substrates.

Stack-up Architecture

Multilayer stack-up dhizaini yekutendeseka kwechiratidzo muATE PCB maapplication anotevera chaiwo misimboti yekuvaka. Masignal layers anoda aripadhuze mareferensi ndege ane yakatetepa dielectric spacing kuti ideredze hunhu impedance uye nekuwedzera kutakura munda. Yakajairika high-speed stack-ups alternate signal neplane layers, kuchengetedza symmetry kudzivirira warpage uchipa akawanda routing layer.

Akakosha masignal layers anoshandisa stripline kumisikidza pakati peyakasimba pasi ndege kuitira kunyanyozviparadzanisa nevamwe kubva kunze kwekukanganisa. Simba nendege dzepasi peya dzinofanirwa kuchengetedza nzvimbo yepedyo kuburikidza nematepi epakati zvinhu kuderedza simba rekugovera network impedance.

Copper Weight uye Surface Kurapa

Ukobvu hwemhangura hunokanganisa zvese zviri zviviri impedance control uye yakakwirira-frequency kurasikirwa maitiro. Half-ounce mhangura (17 μm) inopa conductivity yakakwana uku ichigonesa yakatsetseka yekutevera geometries yekudzora impedance. Pamafrequency ari pamusoro pe5 GHz, maitiro eganda anovharira zvazvino kune conductor nzvimbo, zvichiita kuti kushata kwepamusoro kuve chinhu chikuru chekurasikirwa.

Reverse-yakagadziriswa foil ine yakaderedzwa roughness profiles inoderedza kurasikirwa kweconductor ne20-30% zvichienzaniswa neyakajairika electrodeposited copper. Dielectric ukobvu kusiyanisa inoshandura zvakananga kune impedance kutsauka mune inodzorwa impedance dhizaini, inoda yakasimba kushivirira kutonga kwe ± 10% kana zvirinani.

Maitiro Akanakisisa eKutakura Bhodhi Signal Kutendeseka

Rodha bhodhi madhizaini ekutendeseka kwechiratidzo muATE PCB maapplication anofanirwa kugadzirisa iyo yakazara siginecha cheni kubva kune tester interface kuburikidza nemidziyo yekubata. Kuitwa kwakabudirira kunoda:

• Mapurani ekutarisa anoenderera mberi - Mapurani epasi asingakanganiswi pasi pezviratidzo zvinomhanya zvakanyanya anochengetedza nzira dzemagetsi dzinodzoka dzakafanana.

• Inodzorwa kuburikidza nedhizaini - Ma-vias akaboorwa kumashure anobvisa zvidimbu zvinogadzira kupenya pamusoro pemafrequency e5 GHz.

• Kusagadzikana kushoma - Kuchinja kwetrace kwakatetepa pama connector pads kunotsiva capacitive loading.

• Kuiswa kwenzvimbo dzekuyedza zvine hungwaru - Kureba kwakaderera kwezvimedu zvinodzivirira kukanganisa kweimpedance munzira dzekuyera.

Via dhizaini inoda kunyanya kutariswa mune dense load board marongero. Kuburikidza neburi vias gadzira stubs pazasi pechiratidzo layer inorira pama frequency inversely proportional kusvika stub kureba. Mapofu uye akavigwa vias dzivirira stub nyaya zvachose asi kuwedzera kugadzira kuoma.

Matunhu ekubatanidza ekutanga anoda kungwarira dhizaini kudzikisa impedance discontinuities pane tester interface. Ground kuburikidza nearrays akatenderedza siginecha vias inopa yakaderera-impedance nzira dzekudzoka uye kuderedza pasi bounce panguva yekumhanyisa-kumhanya.

Mhedziso: Kuvimbisa Kuvimbika Kwepamusoro-Kukurumidza Kuedzwa kuburikidza neChiratidzo Kutendeseka

Chiratidzo chekutendeseka muATE PCB dhizaini inosarudza kuyerwa kwechiyero uye bvunzo system kugona pakuwedzera semiconductor kuita zvinodiwa. Kubudirira kwekuita kunobatanidza inodzorwa impedance yekufambisa mitsara, yakagadziridzwa layer stack-ups, yakaderera-kurasikirwa zvinhu, uye yakazara electromagnetic simulation mukati mekugadzira maitiro.

Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, stack-up architecture, uye connector interfaces inofanira kushanda pamwe chete sehurongwa hwakakwana kwete kuzvimiririra optimization zvinangwa. Simulation inosimbisa dhizaini isati yagadzirwa, nepo kuyedzwa kwemuviri kunosimbisa kuita chaiko kunoenderana nekufanotaura.

Highleap Electronics inopa mhinduro dzepamusoro dzeATE PCB ne:

• Kugadzirwa kweimpedance inodzorwa - Kubvumidzwa kweimpedance kwakasimbiswa mukati me ± 10% kuburikidza nechikamu chega chega chetambo yekutumira.

• Unyanzvi hwezvinhu zvinorasikirwa zvishoma - Rutsigiro rwakakwana rwekusarudza laminate kusanganisira Megtron, Isola, uye ma substrates emhando yepamusoro e laminate ane kurasikirwa kushoma.

• Kugona kwakazara kwekuyedza - Kusimbiswa kweS-parameter uye kuyedzwa kwemagetsi zvinosimbisa kushanda kwechiratidzo chechiratidzo chisati chatumirwa.

• Kushandira pamwe kweinjiniya - Rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi rwakananga kuti ruwedzere kuvimbika kwechiratidzo kune zvinodiwa zvekuongorora semiconductor.

Bata timu yedu yeinjiniya kuti mukurukure kuti tingagadzirisa sei kusimba kwechiratidzo mupurojekiti yenyu inotevera yeATE PCB, tichiona kuti kuyerwa kwakarurama muhuwandu hwemafrequency anoshanda.