Izicelo ze-PCB Zezingqimba Eziyi-12: Nini Ukukhetha Izingqimba Eziyishumi Nambili
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-PCB ezinezingqimba ezingu-12 zivame ukuhlanganisa ukuqhekeka kwezingxenye ezixinene, izixhumi eziningi kanye nezidingo zokusatshalaliswa kwamandla. Izingqimba eziyishumi nambili zingaba inketho ewusizo lapho ukwakhiwa kwesibalo esiphansi kungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomzila, indlela yokubuya noma ubuqotho bamandla ngaphakathi kohlaka lwebhodi. Ukukhetha kokugcina kuncike ephaketheni, ngokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, izinto zokwakha kanye nemikhawulo yokukhiqiza; izingqimba eziyishumi nambili azisusi ngokuzenzakalelayo isidingo se-HDI.
Leli khasi likusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi umklamo wakho ufanele yini kulelo qembu. Libala imikhiqizo evame ukusebenzisa izendlalelo ezingu-12, izimpawu ezicindezela umklamo lapho, kanye nemibuzo enquma inani lezingqimba. Indlela lawo mabhodi akhiwa ngayo, nokuthi abiza malini, ihlanganiswe ekhasini lethu lokukhiqiza le-PCB elinezendlalelo ezingu-12.
Imikhiqizo Evame Ukusebenzisa Amabhodi Anezingqimba Eziyi-12
Ukubalwa kwezingqimba kulandela ubuningi bomkhiqizo kanye nesivinini sawo, hhayi imboni yawo. Isilawuli esilula kudivayisi yezokwelapha singaba ibhodi elinezingqimba ezine, kanti ikhadi elincane lenethiwekhi esakhiweni esifanayo linezingqimba ezingu-12. Izibonelo ezingezansi ziyizindawo zokuqala zokuhlola, hhayi izidingo zokubalwa kwezingqimba ezithile embonini.
| uhlobo lomkhiqizo | Yini eqhuba ukubalwa kwezingqimba | Ukucatshangelwa kwesibalo sezendlalelo esibonakalayo |
|---|---|---|
| Amakhadi enethiwekhi kanye nezokuxhumana | Izixhumanisi eziningana ze-serial ze-multi-gigabit kanye nensimu yesixhumi esiminyene | Izendlalelo eziyi-12, kanye nendawo yokukhula ibe yi-14 noma i-16 ekubuyekezweni okulandelayo |
| Amabhodi okulawula iseva nesitoreji | Amabhasi enkumbulo abanzi ahambisanayo, iziteshi zikagesi eziningi kanye ne-BGA enkulu | Izendlalelo eziyi-12 lapho iprosesa iphakathi nendawo; okwengeziwe kuma-accelerator e-AI |
| Ama-elekthronikhi okuthwebula izithombe zezokwelapha | Izindlela zedatha ezinesinqumo esiphezulu ezinomsindo oqinile kanye nemikhawulo yokuhlukaniswa | Izendlalelo eziyi-12 lapho i-analog nedijithali kumele zabelane khona ngebhodi elilodwa |
| Amamojula e-ADAS ezimoto | Ukucutshungulwa kwekhamera noma i-radar endaweni encane ebiyelwe, izinga lokushisa elibanzi | Izendlalelo ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-12, ezibekwe yiphakheji yeprosesa |
| Imishini yezimboni kanye neyokuhlola | Iziteshi eziningi ze-I/O, i-analog exubile neyedijithali, impilo yomkhiqizo ende | Izendlalelo eziyi-10 noma eziyi-12, ngokuvamile zinethusi elinzima ukuze kube namandla |
I-Highleap yakha amabhodi emakethe ngayinye yalezi, okuhlanganisa imishini yokuxhumana , amadivayisi ezokwelapha , ama-elekthronikhi ezimoto kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula izimboni . Izidingo zokukhiqiza ziyafana kuzo zonke. Yiziphi izinguquko indinganiso yokwamukelwa kanye nemibhalo eceliwe yikhasimende lokugcina.
Ingabe imikhiqizo yabathengi isebenzisa ama-PCB anezingqimba ezingu-12?
Yebo. Eminye imikhiqizo yabathengi yokubala, yokudlala imidlalo, yokuxhumana kanye neyokusebenzisana isebenzisa izendlalelo eziyi-12 noma ngaphezulu. Ama-Smartphones kanye namabhodi amakhulu amancane angahlanganisa izendlalelo eziningi nama-microvia e-HDI. Inani lezingqimba kanye nobuchwepheshe obusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kuyizinketho ezihlukile zokuklama, futhi akukho okunqunywa yisigaba somthengi nomkhiqizo.
Kuthiwani ngamabhodi ezindiza kanye nezokuvikela?
Le mikhiqizo ivame ukufika ezingqimbeni ezingu-12 noma ngaphezulu, kodwa inani lezingqimba alivamile ukuba yingxenye enzima. Izingxenye ezinzima ziyimibhalo, ukulandeleka kwezinto kanye nezinga lokwamukelwa elidingwa uhlelo. Uma ibhodi lakho liwela kulesi sigaba, sitshele izinga okumele lihlangabezane nalo uma uthumela amafayela, ngoba lokho kubumba isilinganiso ngaphezu kwe-stackup. Umsebenzi wethu wezinhlelo zezindiza nezokuvikela uhlukaniswe ngale ndlela.
Izimpawu kanye nezixhumi ezisunduza umklamo ezingqimbeni eziyi-12
Ibhodi lithuthela ezingqimbeni eziyi-12 ngenxa yezinkinga ezithile zomzila, hhayi ngoba isigaba somkhiqizo sizwakala sithuthukile. Izimo ezine zibangela iningi lezinyathelo esizibonayo.
Iprosesa enkulu noma i-FPGA BGA idinga izendlalelo eziningana zokuqondisa ukuze iphume enkundleni yebhola. Uma izendlalelo ezimbili noma ezintathu sezisetshenzisiwe ukuze kuqhume, izendlalelo ezisele zingase zingathwali lonke ibhodi.
Imemori ye-DDR, izixhumanisi ze-serial ze-multi-gigabit kanye nebhasi elibanzi elihambisanayo ngalinye lifuna ungqimba lwalo lomzila kanye nendiza yokubhekisela eqhubekayo ngaphansi kwalo.
Ibhodi elinezitimela eziningi ze-voltage lidinga izindiza zamandla ezingaphezu kweyodwa, noma izindiza zihlukaniswa zibe iziqhingi eziphula izindlela zokubuyela emuva kwezibonakaliso ezingaphezu kwazo.
Hlukanisa izifunda ze-analog ezizwelayo kusuka kuzifunda zedijithali ezisheshayo ngokubeka kanye nokuqondisa, ngenkathi ugcina izindlela zokubuyela eziqhubekayo ezifanele. Ungahlukanisi indiza yomhlaba ngokuzenzakalelayo; landela izincomo zokumisa phansi zedivayisi ethile futhi ugweme izimpawu zokuhambisa ngaphesheya kwezikhala zendlela yokubuyela.
Noma yikuphi kwalokhu kungaxazululwa ngezendlalelo ezingu-8 noma ezingu-10. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezingqimba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, ngaphakathi kohlaka lwebhodi oluhleliwe, okwenza izendlalelo ezingu-12 zibe yimpendulo ewusizo. Ukuzijwayeza ukuqondisa ngesivinini esiphezulu kuhlanganiswe kumhlahlandlela wethu we-PCB wesivinini esikhulu , futhi amabhodi akhelwe amapulatifomu eseva ye-AI abonisa ukuthi le logic iholela kuphi ekubalweni kwezingqimba eziphakeme.
Ingabe isikhombikubona esisheshayo sidinga njalo izendlalelo ezengeziwe?
Cha. Isixhumanisi esisodwa esisheshayo ebhodini elilula asisho ukuthi kufanele kube nezingqimba ezingu-12. Okubalulekile ukuthi zingaki izixhumanisi ezinjalo okumele zihanjiswe ngesikhathi esisodwa, nokuthi ngabe ngasinye sazo singagcina indiza yokubhekisela engaphukile yini. Isixhumanisi esisodwa se-10 Gbps esinendlela yokubuya ehlanzekile kulula ukusakha kunezixhumanisi eziyisishiyagalombili ze-1 Gbps eziwela indiza ehlukanisiwe.
Ukunquma Phakathi Kwezendlalelo Ezingu-8, 10, 12 kanye Nezingu-16
Khetha inani lezingqimba eliphansi kakhulu elinikeza isignali ngayinye esheshayo indiza yokubhekisela futhi liqhubeke nokuqondisa ibhodi. Izingqimba ezengeziwe zibiza imali kuwo wonke amabhodi owakhayo, ngakho-ke umgomo ukuhlanganiswa okuncane kakhulu okuhlangabezana nezidingo zikagesi, hhayi okunekhono kakhulu.
| Uma umklamo wakho une | Qala nge | Hamba phezulu uma |
|---|---|---|
| Ibhasi elilodwa elisheshayo kanye ne-BGA encane | Izendlalelo ze-8 | Ukuqhekeka kusebenzisa izendlalelo zomzila |
| Izixhumi ezimbili noma ezintathu zesivinini esikhulu | Izendlalelo ze-10 | Izindiza zamandla kufanele zihlukaniswe ukuze zilingane |
| I-BGA enkulu kanye namabhasi amaningana kanye nezitimela zikagesi | Izendlalelo ze-12 | Umzila usagcwele kakhulu ngemva kokuzama okuhlanzekile kwezingqimba ezingu-12 |
| Izixhumanisi eziningi ze-multi-gigabit noma i-FPGA enkulu kakhulu | Izendlalelo ezingu-16 noma ngaphezulu | Inani le-connector kanye ne-package pin liyayidinga |
Kukhona inketho yesibili abantu abayiphuthelayo. Esikhundleni sokwengeza izendlalelo, eminye imiklamo ihlala ezingqimbeni eziyi-10 ngokushintshela ekwakhiweni kwe-HDI nge-microvias , ekhulula isikhala somzila ngaphansi kwe-BGA. Lokho kushintshanisa izindleko zezendlalelo ngezindleko ze-lamination ezilandelanayo, futhi ukuthi iyiphi ewinayo kuncike ebhodini. Uma ufuna izinombolo esikhundleni somthetho wesithupha, thumela uhlaka, izidingo zephakheji kanye ne-interface, ama-stackup akhethiwe kanye nedatha yesakhiwo etholakalayo ukuze ezinye izindlela zibuyekezwe futhi zicashunwe ngesisekelo esifanayo.
Ngingaqala yini ukwakheka ngezingqimba eziyi-10 bese ngengeza izingqimba kamuva?
Ungakwazi, kodwa kuyabiza ukukwenza sekwephuzile. Ukwengeza izendlalelo kungashintsha isikhala se-dielectric kanye nezabelo zereferensi noma ngabe ukujiya okuphelele kugcinwa, ngakho-ke ama-geometri e-controlled-impedance kanye ne-routing kumele kuqinisekiswe kabusha. Uma kunethuba langempela lokuthi umklamo uzodinga izendlalelo ezingu-12, qala ukwakheka lapho. Ukususa izendlalelo kudinga nokubuyekezwa kwe-stackup kanye nobuqotho besignali; akukho shintsho okufanele luphathwe njengokuhlela okulula komshini.
Imithetho Yokuklama Ebalulekile Uma Uzibophezele Ezingqimbeni Eziyi-12
Uma inani lezingqimba selilungisiwe, izinqumo ezintathu zinquma ukuthi ibhodi lakha kahle yini. Lokhu kufanele kulungiswe ngaphambi kokuba ukwakheka kuhambe ibanga elide, ngoba ngayinye kuyabiza ukuyishintsha ngemva kwalokho.
- Gcina i-stackup ilingana. Ithusi kanye ne-resin kufanele kufane phakathi kwebhodi. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezingqimba ezingu-12 okungalingani kwandisa ingozi yokugoba nokusonta ngemva kokugoba, futhi ibhodi eligobile kunzima ukulihlanganisa futhi lingahluleka ensimini. umhlahlandlela we-stackup kukhombisa amalungiselelo alinganiselayo.
- Nikeza isignali ngayinye esheshayo inkomba. Dlulisa imikhondo yesivinini esiphezulu ezingqimbeni eziseduze nomhlabathi ongaphukile noma indiza yamandla, futhi ugweme ukuwela ukuhlukana kuleyo ndiza. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezingqimbeni eziyi-12 kunasezingqimbeni ezine, ngoba kunamathuba amaningi okuphutha.
- Usayizi we-vias ukuze ulingane nobukhulu bebhodi. Ibhodi elinezingqimba ezingu-12 livame ukuba ngu-1.6 mm noma likhulu, ngakho-ke imbobo encane kunazo zonke kufanele ihlale ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso somkhiqizi. Hlela usayizi we-via ngaphambi kokuthi uzibophezele ekuphakamiseni i-BGA.
Eminye imithetho yokuhlelwa kwesakhiwo iyafana nanoma yiliphi ibhodi elinezingqimba eziningi. Okushintshayo ezingqimbeni eziyishumi nambili ukuthi amaphutha angcwatshwa phakathi kwenqwaba, lapho angenakuphinde asebenze khona. Ukuhlola umklamo ngokumelene nemikhawulo yokwenziwa kusenesikhathi kuyimshuwalensi eshibhile, futhi yilokho okwenziwa yisibuyekezo sethu se-DFM .
Ingabe kufanele ngiklame ibhodi elinezingqimba ezingu-12 mina noma ngicele umenzi wezinto ukuba anginike i-stackup?
Cela i-stackup, bese uyiklama. Umenzi wezinto uyazi ukuthi yikuphi ukujiya okuyinhloko nokwangaphambi kwesikhathi okukhona esitokweni nokuthi yiziphi izakhiwo eziphethe i-impedance ngaphandle kwezinto ezikhethekile. Ukuklama i-stackup esingayakha empeleni kugwema ukwakheka kabusha lapho ukwakhiwa okucashuniwe kuhlukile kulokho okusethuluzini lakho le-CAD. Sithumelele izidingo zakho zesendlalelo kanye ne-impedance eqondiwe bese sizoyiphakamisa.
Awuqiniseki ukuthi umklamo wakho udinga izendlalelo ezingu-12?
Thumela uhlaka lwesakhiwo kanye nolwebhodi. I-Highleap Electronics ingabuyekeza izakhiwo ezizokhethwa nethimba lakho lokuklama bese icaphuna isakhiwo esivunyelwene ngaso uma izidingo zomzila kanye nokwakhiwa sezichaziwe.
Izihloko ezihlobene Nalesi
Inqubo Yokukhiqiza yeRogers PCB
Umhlahlandlela osebenzayo wenqubo yokukhiqiza i-rogers PCB, ohlanganisa ukulawulwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, izinqumo ze-RF stackup, ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza, ubufakazi bokuhlola, kanye nokukhiqiza
Izinselele Zokukhiqiza zeRogers PCB
Umhlahlandlela osebenzayo wezinkinga eziphambili ekukhiqizweni kwe-rogers PCB, ohlanganisa ukulawulwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, izinqumo ze-RF stackup, ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza, ubufakazi bokuhlola, kanye
Ukukhiqiza i-Rogers PCB Prototype
Buyekeza i-rogers pcb prototyping - ukujika okusheshayo, iqembu elincane elinezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo, imikhawulo yokusetshenziswa, izinto ezicatshangelwayo zokuklama, kanye nesiqondiso sokukhiqiza i-PCB se