Umkhiqizi we-PCB yekhibhodi ka-Alice | Isakhiwo se-Ergonomic esenziwe ngokwezifiso

Umkhiqizi we-PCB yekhibhodi ye-Alice kumele ahumushe isakhiwo esigobile, esihlukaniswe phakathi sibe yi-electromechanical stack ephindaphindwayo. Izikhungo zokushintsha, okhiye bezithupha, iziqinisi, uhlaka lwe-PCB, ipuleti, indawo ebiyelwe, isikhundla se-USB kanye nezixhumanisi ze-firmware kumele zisebenzise i-geometry efanayo. I-"Alice" ichaza umndeni wezakhiwo esikhundleni sendinganiso eyodwa yemishini ebanzi.

I-Highleap Electronics isekela ukwenziwa kwe-PCB yekhibhodi ye-Alice kanye ne-ergonomic, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-SMT/THT, izinguqulo ze-hot-swap noma ze-soldered-switch, i-RGB ngayinye ye-key, i-USB-C, uhlelo lwesilawuli kanye nokuhlolwa okuphelele kwe-key. Imikhiqizo yesitayela se-Alice ivame ukuba yikhibhodi eyodwa enamaqembu e-key a-engile; akufanele ichazwe ngokuzenzakalelayo njengekhibhodi ehlukaniswe ngokomzimba.

I-Alice Layout Geometry kanye Nezingeniso Zomklamo

Izakhiwo zika-Alice zigobela amaqembu okuthayipha ayinhloko futhi ngokuvamile zethula igebe eliphakathi nendawo, okhiye besithupha abasatshalaliswe kabusha kanye nezikhundla ezingezona ezijwayelekile zomugqa ongezansi. Ama-derivatives ayahlukahluka ngokubalwa kokhiye, ukujikeleza, isikhala kanye nohlaka lwe-enclosure. Ngakho-ke amafayela okukhiqiza kufanele acacise ama-coordinates kanye nobukhulu kunokusebenzisa igama elithi “Alice” njengencazelo ephelele.

I-geometry kufanele iqandiswe ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ugesi

Izikhungo zokushintsha, ukujikeleziswa kwezihluthulelo kanye nama-axes okuzinza kufanele kuvunyelwe ngaphambi kokuqondisa i-matrix kanye nokufakwa kwamaphaneli. Izinguquko ezifike sekwephuzile zingashukumisa izimbobo zokufaka, zenze ipuleti lingasebenzi, zishintshe ukuvuleka kwe-enclosure futhi zidinga izibuyekezo ze-firmware-coordinate. Idatha eyodwa yokuxhumanisa kufanele isetshenziswe kuyo yonke i-PCB, ipuleti kanye ne-enclosure CAD.

• Qinisekisa ukuphindwa kokhiye, ukuzungeza kwesobunxele/kwesokudla kanye nokuhlukaniswa phakathi nendawo.
• Chaza yonke indawo ezinzile engu-1U, 1.25U, 1.5U, 2U kanye nenkulu.
• Bhala phansi iqoqo lesithupha kanye nanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokuhlukanisa isikhala olungazikhethela.
• Hlola ukuphazamiseka kwe-keycap lapho amaqembu ahlangene khona.
• Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ongazikhetha ezihambisana nohlobo ngalunye oluthengiswayo.

I-geometry ingase isekele ukuma kokuthayipha okuhlukile, kodwa induduzo iqondene nomsebenzisi. Izimangalo zomkhiqizo kufanele zichaze ukwakheka okukhishwe kunokwenza izitatimende zezokwelapha noma ze-ergonomic ezingasekelwa.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-PCB, ipuleti, i-Stabilizer kanye ne-Enclosure

Ukuhlanganiswa kwemishini kuyingozi enkulu yokukhiqiza kuphrojekthi ye-Alice. Izinyathelo zokushintsha ezijikelezayo kumele zihambisane neziqeshana zamapuleti, iziqinisi kumele zifane nosayizi oyinhloko okhethiwe, izindawo zokufaka kumele zigweme iminonjana namasokhethi, futhi isixhumi kumele sihlale sifinyeleleka ngebhokisi.

Izinhlobo ze-Hot-swap kanye ne-soldered-switch zidinga ukuhlolwa okuhlukile

Izinkinobho ezihlanganisiwe zincike kakhulu ekuqondeni kwembobo kanye nepuleti. Izinguqulo ezishintshashintshayo zengeza ukuqondiswa kwesokhethi, ukuvuleka kohlangothi olungezansi, umthwalo wokufaka kanye nokusekelwa kwe-PCB. Uma kucacisiwe i-hot-swap, i-MPN yesokhethi kanye ne-plate stack kufanele zilandele izilawuli ezifanayo ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB yekhibhodi eshintshashintshayo.

I-Foam, amabhodi endodakazi kanye nomzila wekhebula kufanele kufakwe ekubuyekezweni kwe-3D. Isendlalelo se-case rib noma i-foam esithinta isokhethi, i-LED noma ikhebula le-USB singadala amaphutha ngezikhathi ezithile ngemva kokuhlanganiswa ngisho nalapho i-PCBA engenalutho idlula ekuhlolweni kwebhentshi.

Ukuvunyelwa kwesihloko sokuqala kufanele kufake ipuleti langempela, iziqinisi, amaswishi, izikhiye kanye ne-enclosure noma nini lapho lezi zingxenye zingaphakathi kobubanzi bephrojekthi. Ukuhlolwa kokumbozwa kwe-2D kuphela akukwazi ukuqinisekisa amandla okufaka, ukucaciswa kwe-keycap noma ukufinyelela kwesixhumi.

I-Matrix, i-Controller, i-QMK/VIA kanye nezici ozikhethela zona

Ukuhlelwa okungokoqobo okune-engile akushintshi ukwakheka okuyisisekelo komugqa nekholomu, kodwa kwenza ukulawula kokuxhumanisa kubaluleke kakhulu. Imephu ye-matrix, isiqondiso se-diode, izikhonkwane ze-MCU, amalebula okhiye ongokwenyama kanye nezikhundla ze-firmware kumele kuchaze ukubuyekezwa okufanayo kwehadiwe. Izinyathelo zokubeka ongazikhethela akufanele zidale imicimbi yokhiye ephindaphindwayo noma engacacile.

Ukuze kukhishwe ugesi oningiliziwe, umklamo we-matrix yekhibhodi kufanele uchaze amagama omugqa/ikholomu, ukuma kwe-diode, ukufinyelela kokuhlola kanye nethagethi yokugoqa. Iphakheji yokulawula kufanele futhi igcine ukufinyelela kokusetha kabusha, ukuqalisa kanye nokuhlela ngemva kokufakwa kwe-PCB ebhokisini.

Izidingo zokukhiqiza ze-QMK ne-VIA

I-QMK ne-VIA zivame ngoba amaqoqo nezingqimba ze-Alice thumb ziyazuza kuma-keymap alungisekayo. Ukuhlela ukukhiqiza kufanele kulawule i-bootloader, i-application binary, incazelo yekhibhodi, idatha ye-VIA, izincazelo ze-USB kanye ne-firmware checksum. Ukuqashelwa kwe-VIA kufanele kuhlolwe ebhodini elihleliwe kunokuba kuthathwe kufayela lokucushwa.

Izici zehadiwe ongazikhetha

• I-RGB ngokhiye ngamunye: Izinkomba ze-LED ezibonakalayo kumele zifane nezikhundla zokhiye ogobile, futhi ukuziphatha komthamo omkhulu kufanele kuhlolwe.
• I-USB-C: Ukubekwa kwesixhumi kumele kuhambisane nendawo ebiyelwe futhi kufake i-CC evunyiwe, i-ESD kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
• Ama-encoder kanye nezibonisi: imiphini, amafasitela kanye nokuphakama kwezingxenye kudinga ukugcinwa kwemishini.
• Okungenantambo: Indawo yebhethri, ukuhlanzwa kwe-antenna, indlela yokushaja kanye nezinto ezivalekile kuthinta umklamo.
• Izakhi ezihlukanisiwe: imikhiqizo enezingxenye ezimbili ngempela idinga ukuxhumana, ukuvikelwa kanye nokuhlolwa okuzimele kwengxenye; lokhu akucatshangelwa i-Alice PCB ejwayelekile enezingxenye eyodwa.

Izinhlobo ezisindayo zezici zingase zivumele izendlalelo ezine ze-PCB zokuqondisa kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla, kuyilapho imiklamo elula ivame ukusebenzisa ezimbili. Ukubalwa kwezingqimba kufanele kulandele i-DFM, indlela yokubuya kanye nokubuyekezwa kwamandla kunokuba kulandele ukuma kwekhibhodi kuphela.

Ukukhiqiza, Ukuhlela kanye Nokuhlola i-Alice PCB

Indlela yokukhiqiza ehlanganisiwe ivimbela i-PCB, ipuleti kanye ne-firmware ukuthi ivunyelwe ngokuzimela bese yehluleka ekuhlanganisweni kokugcina.

1. Buyekeza uhlaka lwe-PCB, izikhungo zokushintsha, ipuleti, iziqinisi, indawo ebiyelwe kanye nendawo yokuxhuma ndawonye.
2. Yakha futhi uvivinye ngogesi i-PCB engenalutho, kufaka phakathi izicucu zangaphakathi nezici zokufaka.
3. Hlanganisa ama-diode, isilawuli, i-USB-C, i-RGB kanye nama-socket avunyiwe noma ama-switch e-THT.
4. Hlola izinhlangothi zombili lapho izingxenye zibekwe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-PCBA.
5. Hlela i-bootloader ekhishwe kanye ne-QMK/VIA noma i-firmware yamakhasimende.
6. Hlola yonke indawo ejwayelekile, isithupha kanye nokhiye ongawukhetha ngokuqhathanisa nemephu yokuxhumanisa evunyiwe.
7. Qinisekisa i-RGB, ama-encoder, isibonisi, ukuma kwe-USB, ukufakwa kwe-bootloader kanye nokudweba kwamanje lapho kufanele khona.
8. Ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokulingana kwepuleti kanye nendawo ebiyelwe ekwakhiweni kwe-pilot uma kufakiwe kububanzi.

Ukuhlolwa kumele kufake izikhundla ezingezona ezejwayelekile

Ikhibhodi ejwayelekile ingaphuthelwa okhiye bezithupha abajikeleziwe noma izikhundla zokuhlukanisa isikhala ezingakhethwa. Uhlelo lokuhlola kufanele luhlonze umcimbi ngamunye oqondile kanye nomcimbi onengqondo olindelekile. Kuma-PCB ajwayelekile, uhlobo ngalunye lokuhlanganisa ludinga imephu yalo yabantu kanye nephrofayili yokuhlola.

Ukwamukelwa kwemishini kufanele kufake phakathi ukunyakaza kwe-stabilizer, ukususwa kwe-keycap, izihlalo zokushintsha kanye nokufinyelela kwesixhumi. Izindlela zokuhlobisa zingase zihlanganise nokubukeka kwe-solder-mask eduze kwesikhala esiphakathi, ama-LED abonakalayo kanye nokuqondaniswa kwezithombe ezinophawu.

Lezi zilawuli zingahlanganiswa nokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB yekhibhodi ebanzi , okuhlanganisa ukutholakala kwezingxenye, ukulawula ukubuyekezwa kwe-firmware kanye nokulandelela ukuhleleka okuphindaphindiwe.

Ama-Prototypes, Izinhlobo Zokwakheka kanye Nokukhiqizwa Kwevolumu

Isigaba se-prototype kufanele sibonise i-geometry, ukulingana kwepuleti, izixhumanisi ze-firmware kanye nezici ezibhekene nomsebenzisi. Iqembu lokuhlola libe seliqinisekisa ukuvunwa kokuhlanganiswa, inqubo yesokhethi noma yokushintsha, ukumbozwa kwe-test-fixture kanye nokupakishwa. Ukukhiqizwa komthamo kufanele kuqale kuphela ngemva kokuba i-PCB, i-mechanical stack kanye nephakheji ye-firmware kuqandisiwe ndawonye.

Ukulawula okuhlukile kuvimbela amaphutha okwakha okuxubile

I-PCB eyodwa ingasekela imigqa eminingana engezansi, amaqoqo ezithupha, izinhlobo zokushintsha noma izinketho zokuxhuma. Amathuluzi ahlanganyelwe anganciphisa izindleko, kodwa kuphela uma i-SKU ngayinye ine-BOM elawulwayo, umdwebo womhlangano, isithombe se-firmware, ilebula kanye nokucushwa kokuhlola. Izinyathelo ezingasetshenziswanga kufanele zimakwe ngokucacile ukuze umkhiqizo kanye nenkonzo yasensimini kukwazi ukuhlukanisa izikhundla ezingezona ezifanele ngamabomu kumaphutha.

Intengo iqhutshwa usayizi webhodi, inani lezendlalelo, inani lesokhethi noma leswishi, inani le-RGB, ubunzima besilawuli, isikhathi sokuhlola, inani le-oda kanye nobubanzi bokuhlanganiswa kwemishini. Ukubuyekezwa okuzinzile kanye nezinto eziphindaphindwayo ngokuvamile kudala ukonga okukhulu kunokususa izilawuli zekhwalithi ezihlukanisiwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-PCB Yekhibhodi ka-Alice

Ingabe ikhibhodi ka-Alice iyafana nekhibhodi ehlukanisiwe?

Akunjalo ngempela. Amakhibhodi amaningi esitayela sika-Alice ayimikhiqizo eyodwa enamaqembu okhiye abangohlangothi lwesobunxele nakwesokudla. Kukhona ama-derivatives ahlukaniswe ngokomzimba kodwa adinga ukuxhumeka okuhlukile kanye nokwakheka kwe-enclosure.

Ingabe i-Alice PCB ingayisekela i-QMK ne-VIA?

Yebo, uma i-MCU, i-bootloader, i-matrix, incazelo yekhibhodi kanye nokucushwa kwe-VIA kukhishwa ukuze kubuyekezwe i-PCB efanayo futhi kuqinisekiswe ngemva kokuhlela.

Ingabe amakhibhodi ka-Alice angasebenzisa amasokhethi ashintshashintshayo?

Yebo. Isokhethi eliqondile, iswishi, ipuleti, ukujiya kwe-PCB, ukuhlelwa kwe-stabilizer kanye nokususwa kohlangothi olungezansi kumele kuqinisekiswe ndawonye.

Yikuphi ukwehluleka kokukhiqiza okuvame kakhulu?

Ukungafani phakathi kwama-coordinates e-PCB, ama-plate cutout, ama-stabilizer, izici ze-enclosure kanye nezikhundla ze-firmware. Ukulingana kwesihloko sokuqala okuhlanganisiwe kanye nokuhlolwa okugcwele kunciphisa le ngozi.

Ingabe i-PCB eyodwa ingasekela izakhiwo eziningana ze-Alice?

Yebo, kodwa uhlobo ngalunye olufakiwe ludinga umdwebo ocacile wokuhlanganisa, imephu ye-firmware, ilebula kanye nephrofayili yokuhlola.