I-Mastering High-Speed ​​High-Speed ​​​​DSP System PCB Design Yokusebenza Okufanelekile

Njengoba amazinga okuhlanganiswa kwama-chip enyuka, inani lama-pin lama-chip liyakhuphuka, okuholela ekushintsheni kokupakishwa kwamadivayisi kusuka ku-DIP kuya ku-OSOP, i-SOP kuya ku-PQFP, kanye ne-PQFP kuya ku -BGA . Iphakheji ye-BGA, ikakhulukazi kumadivayisi ochungechunge lwe-TMS320C6000, inikeza amazinga aphezulu empumelelo, amazinga aphansi okulungisa, kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, okwenza ithandwe kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukisa iphakheji ye-BGA kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ekuqalisweni kwesistimu ebonakalayo, ehilela amasu amaningi okuklama isekethe yedijithali esheshayo.

Kumasistimu anesivinini esikhulu, ukuphazamiseka komsindo kuyinkinga enkulu, ngemisebe kanye nokushayisana okwenzeka kumasekhethi anemvamisa ephezulu, kanye nezindaba ezinjengokukhala, ukuboniswa, kanye ne-crosstalk evela kumazinga asheshayo onqenqema. Ukwehluleka ukucabangela uhlobo olukhethekile lokubekwa kwesignali yesivinini esiphezulu kanye nomzila kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwebhodi lesekhethi engafanele. Ngakho-ke, umklamo ophumelelayo we-PCB ubalulekile kunqubo yokuklama isekethe ye-DSP.

Ikhwalithi yomklamo we-PCB ibaluleke kakhulu njengoba iguqula imiqondo yomklamo efanele ibe ngokoqobo. Lapha, sixoxa ngezinkinga eziningana ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe zomklamo wokuthembeka kwebhodi le-PCB ezinhlelweni ze-DSP ezisheshayo.

I-Power Design

Amandla kanye Nokwehliswa Komhlaba

Njengoba amaza okusebenza e-DSP anda futhi izingxenye ziba zihlangene, umklamo webhodi elinezingqimba eziningi uvame ukusetshenziswa. Isendlalelo esizinikele siyanconywa ngokunikezwa kwamandla kanye nomhlabathi. Izinsiza zamandla ezihlukene (isb, i-DSP's I/O power supply voltage kanye ne-core power supply voltage) zingasebenzisa izindiza zamandla ezihlukene. Ukonga isikhala futhi kuncishiswe inani lama-vias, ama-chip capacitor amaningi angasetshenziswa, ngokunaka ngokucophelela ububanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla omzila owanele.

Imithetho Yokusabalalisa Amandla kanye Nezintambo

Cabangela ukuhlukanisa izindiza zamandla e-analog nedijithali ukuze uhlukanise amasignali azwelayo emsindweni. Isibonelo, izingxenye ze-analog ezinesivinini esikhulu, ezinembe kakhulu zivame ukuhlukaniswa namasignali edijithali ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka.

I-Software kanye ne-Hardware Anti-Interference Design

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-DSP ezinesivinini esikhulu, ukuphazamiseka kukagesi kungaphazamisa ukugeleza kohlelo lwe-DSP, okuholela ekungasebenzini kahle noma ukulimala kwengxenye. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izindlela ezisebenzayo zokulwa nokuphazamiseka:

1. I-Hardware Anti-Interference Design:
   • Izihlungi Zezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha: Izihlungi ze-RC zingenza buthaka kakhulu amasiginali wokuphazamiseka wemvamisa ephezulu.
   • I-Optim Grounding: Ukuklama indiza yaphansi enezithintelo eziphansi, yendawo enkulu kubalulekile ekuhlinzekeni indlela yokubuya yamaza amaza aphezulu kanye nokunciphisa. EMI kanye ne-RFI.
   • Izinyathelo Zokuvikela: Imishini ezungezile enegobolondo lensimbi nokuyigxilisa ingavikela ngempumelelo ekuphazamisekeni kozibuthe.
   • I-Opto-Electrical Isolation: I-Optoelectronic isolators ingavimbela ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwamabhodi esekethe ahlukene.
2. I-Software Anti-Interference Design:
   • Ukuhlunga Kwedijithali: Sebenzisa ukuhlunga kwedijithali ukuze uqede umsindo kumasiginali wokufaka we-analog.
   • Ukusetha Ucupho: Setha uhlelo lokuqalisa ezindaweni ezingasetshenzisiwe ukuze uthwebule futhi ucubungule ukugeleza kwezinhlelo okuyiphutha.
   • Ukudideka Kwemiyalo: Faka imiyalelo yokungasebenzisi ngemva kwemiyalo yebhayithi ephindwe kabili noma emithathu ukuze uvimbele ukwenziwa kohlelo oluzenzakalelayo uma kwenzeka kuba nokuphazamiseka.
   • Isikhathi Se-Watchdog: Sebenzisa isibali sikhathi se-watchdog ukuze usethe kabusha i-DSP uma ibambeka ku-loop engapheli.

I-Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Design

Ukwakhiwa kwe -EMC kuqinisekisa ukuthi amadivayisi kagesi asebenza kahle ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-electromagnetic, okuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa komoya. Izinyathelo zokunciphisa izingxoxo zifaka:

1. Ukukhetha Ububanzi Bezintambo Ezinengqondo: Sebenzisa izintambo ezimfishane nezibanzi ukuze ucindezele ukuphazamiseka. Imizila yewashi nemigqa yesignali yomshayeli webhasi kufanele ibe mifushane ngangokunokwenzeka.
2. Isakhiwo se-Mesh Wiring: Sebenzisa isakhiwo sezintambo ezinezikhala ezimise kahle, ezinezingqimba zezintambo ezivundlile neziqondile ezihlukene.

Isiphetho

Idizayini yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-PCB ibalulekile ekuhumusheni idizayini yethiyori ibe into yangempela engokoqobo ezinhlelweni zohlelo lokusebenza ze-DSP ezinesivinini esikhulu. Njengoba amaza omjikelezo we-DSP akhula futhi ukuminyana kwamaphini kukhula, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yesiginali iba bucayi kakhulu, okwenza ukusebenza kwesistimu kuhlanganiswe eduze nekhwalithi yomklamo webhodi le-PCB.