I-PCB yokulungisa kabusha: Umhlahlandlela we-FAQ wokugcina

Ama-PCB alungisa kabusha adlala indima ebalulekile emhlabeni wama-electronics namasistimu wokuphakelwa kwamandla. Lawa mabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe anomthwalo wemfanelo wokuguqula i-alternating current (AC) ibe i-direct current (DC), okuwumsebenzi obalulekile kumadivaysi kagesi amaningi. Kulo mhlahlandlela obanzi, sizongena sijule emhlabeni wama-PCB alungisayo, sihlole izinhlobo zawo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, izingxenye, izinzuzo, nokuningi.

I-PCB yokulungisa kumele ibhekane nokushisa, ukuminyana kwamanje, ukukhukhuleka, kanye nokucindezeleka kokukhuphuka, ngakho-ke umklamo kufanele ubuyekezwe ngezidingo zokuvikela ukukhukhuleka kwamanje kanye nohlelo lokugcina lokuhlola ugesi.

Iyini i-PCB yokulungisa kabusha?

I-PCB elungisa kabusha idlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni i-AC (Alternating Current) ibe yi-DC (Direct Current). Njengoba amandla e-DC ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwemishini kagesi, ama-PCB alungisa kabusha abambe isikhundla esibalulekile emkhakheni wezogesi. Abalulekile ekunikezeni amandla ezintweni zikagesi, ahlinzeka ngamandla e-DC alungisiwe anika amandla izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezihlukahlukene. Empeleni, ama-PCB okulungisa asebenza njengezingxenye ezibalulekile ezivumela ukusebenza kahle kwamadivayisi kagesi ngokuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamandla okulungile.

Izinhlobo ze-Rectifier PCBs

Ama-PCB alungisa kabusha eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Ake sihlole izinhlobo eziyinhloko ngokuningiliziwe:

1. I-PCB ye-Single-Phase Rectifier:
   • Lolu hlobo lwe-PCB ludizayinelwe okokufaka kwamandla e-AC kwesigaba esisodwa.
   • Inomklamo olula, kusetshenziswa ama-diode angu-1, 2, noma angu-4 kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza.
   • Ama-PCB alungisa isigaba esisodwa ahlinzeka ngamandla aphansi futhi anesici esiphansi sokusetshenziswa kwe-transformer (TUF).
   • Ngenxa yokucushwa kwayo, ine-ripple factor ephezulu.
2. I-PCB Yokulungisa Izigaba Ezintathu:
   • Ama-PCB okulungisa izigaba ezintathu adizayinelwe okokufaka kwe-AC kwezigaba ezi-3.
   • Zidinga ama-diode angu-3 noma angu-6 axhunywe esigabeni ngasinye se-transformer secondary winding.
   • Lawa ma-PCB alungele amasistimu amakhulu, anikeza amandla aphezulu okukhipha amandla ngaphandle kwesidingo sezihlungi ezengeziwe zokunciphisa i-ripple.
   • Babonisa isici esikhulu sokusetshenziswa kwe-transformer nokusebenza kahle uma kuqhathaniswa nezilungisi zesigaba esisodwa.
3. I-PCB ye-Half-Wave Rectifier:
   • I-PCB elungisa uhhafu wamaza iguqula uhafu womjikelezo wokokufaka kwe-AC ube okukhiphayo kwe-DC.
   • Ivumela kuphela umjikelezo owodwa wesigamu ukuba udlule, kungaba okuhle noma okubi.
   • Lawa ma-PCB anesici esiphezulu se-ripple futhi ngokuvamile adinga izihlungi ukunciphisa ukugeleza.
4. I-PCB ye-Full-Wave Rectifier:
   • Ama-PCB okulungisa igagasi eligcwele aguqula yomibili imijikelezo yohhafu (enhle nebi) yokokufaka kwe-AC ibe okukhiphayo kwe-DC.
   • Basebenzisa i-central-tapped transformer ukufeza lokhu.
   • Izilungisi zamagagasi agcwele zisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi zinento ephansi ye-ripple uma kuqhathaniswa nemiklamo yegagasi elinguhhafu.
5. Bridge Rectifier PCB:
   • Ama-PCB alungisa ibhuloho asetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zamandla ukuze anikeze amandla kagesi e-DC ezingxenyeni zikagesi.
   • Basebenzisa ama-diode angu-4 noma ngaphezulu kuhlelo oluthile ukuze bavumele ukugeleza kwamanje kuyo yomibili imijikelezo yesigamu esihle nesibi sokufaka kwe-AC.
   • Izilungisi zebhuloho azidingi isiguquli esithephwe maphakathi.
6. I-PCB Yokulungisa Okungalawuleki:
   • Ama-PCB okulungisa izinto angalawuleki asebenzisa kuphela ama-diode kusekethe futhi awavumeli ukuhluka kwamandla okusekelwe kuzimfuneko zomthwalo.
   • Bathola izinhlelo zokusebenza kumasistimu okunikezwa kwamandla okungaguquki noma angashintshi.
7. I-PCB Ye-Rectifier Elawulwayo:
   • Ama-PCB okulungisa izinto asebenzisa i-thyristors ukuze alawule ukuphuma kwe-DC.
   • Banikeza ukulawula kwamanje okunembile kanye nokumoshakala kwamandla okuncane, okubenza bafanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukulawula okucushwe kahle.
8. I-Center-Tap Rectifier PCB:
   • Ama-PCB okulungisa igagasi eligcwele ngokuthepha maphakathi asebenzisa kuphela ama-diode ama-2 futhi awaxhume ezinhlangothini eziseduze ze-transformer ethephwe maphakathi.
   • I-center-tap isebenza njengendawo eyinkomba (0V noma umhlabathi).

Ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlobo ze-PCB zokulungisa kabusha

Uma kukhulunywa ngokusebenza kahle, i-PCB elungisa ibhuloho igqama njengesebenza kahle kakhulu phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo. Isebenzisa isekethe yokulungiswa kwamagagasi agcwele esebenzisa ama-diode amane axhumene ngohlelo lwebhuloho. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kunika amandla ukuguqulwa okusebenzayo kwe-AC (Alternating Current) kuya ku-DC (Direct Current), okuholela ekunikezeni kwamandla okushelelayo nokuthembekile kumadivayisi kagesi. Idizayini ye-PCB yokulungisa ibhuloho ikhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okokufaka, ikwenze kube ukukhetha okuhle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokuphuma kwamandla okuthembekile kwe-DC.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Rectifier PCBs

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-PCB alungisa kabusha kusabalele ngenxa yesidingo esibalulekile sama-voltage e-DC kumasekhethi kagesi ahlukahlukene. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zama-PCB okulungisa zifaka phakathi:

• Izinsiza zamandla: Ama-PCB okulungisa kabusha asetshenziswa kakhulu kumayunithi okuphakela amandla ukuze aguqule ama-voltage e-AC asuka kumapayipi amakhulu abe ama-DC angasetshenziswa ukunika amandla amadivayisi kagesi.
• Ukushisela ngogesi: Ama-PCB alungisa kabusha asetshenziswa emishinini yokushisela kagesi ukuze anikeze amandla kagesi ahlukanisiwe adingekayo ngenqubo yokushisela.
• I-Rolling Stock and Traction Motors: Ama-PCB alungisa kabusha asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezigingqikayo zesitoko kanye nezokudonsa, okuhlanganisa amamotho wokudonsa ezigaba ezi-3 asetshenziswa ezitimeleni, ukuguqula amandla e-AC abe amandla e-DC ukuze asebenze kahle.
• I-Soldering Iron kanye Nesixosha Omiyane: Ama-PCB okulungisa amaza ohhafu athola izinhlelo zokusebenza kumadivayisi afana nama-ayina asodayo nezixosha omiyane, lapho kudingeka khona ukuguqulwa kwe-AC ibe yi-DC.
• Irediyo ye-AM: Amabhodi esekethe okulungisa amaza ohhafu asetshenziswa kumarediyo e-AM njengezitholi zesiginali nezinzwa eziphezulu, okunika amandla ukukhishwa kwamasiginali omsindo kumagagasi enkampani yenethiwekhi ashintshile.
• Iziphindaphinda zamandla kagesi: Ama-PCB aphindayo asetshenziswa kumasekhethi wokuphindaphinda ama-voltage, lapho aguqula amandla kagesi e-AC abe ama-DC aphezulu ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.
• Ukuguquguquka kanye Nokwehliswa: Ama-PCB alungisa kabusha adlala indima ekuguquleni nasekunciphiseni amasekhethi, abalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zokuxhumana zokudlulisa nokwamukela amasignali.

Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene zama-PCB alungisa kabusha kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukene kanye namadivayisi kagesi. Ikhono lokuguqula kahle i-AC iye ku-DC voltages lenza ama-PCB alungisayo abaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni eziningi zokulungiswa kwe-elekthronikhi namandla.

I-Rectifier PCB iqhathaniswa kanjani ne-Inverter PCB?

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-Rectifier PCB vs. Inverter PCB usemsebenzini wabo. Ngenkathi ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe le-Rectifier lisiza ekuguquleni i-AC ibe yi-DC, inhloso ye-inverter PCB ukuguqula i-DC ibe yi-AC.

Ake sijule kancane kulo mehluko:

1. Ukusebenza:
   • I-PCB yokulungisa kabusha: Iklanyelwe ukuguqula i-alternating current (AC) ibe yamanje eqondile (DC). Le nqubo ihilela ukulungiswa, ngokuvamile ngokusebenzisa ama-diode noma izingxenye ezifanayo, ezivumela ukuthi okwamanje kugeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela.
   • I-Inverter PCB: Ngokuphambene, lolu hlobo lwe-PCB lusetshenziselwa ukuguqula i-direct current (DC) ibuyele ku-alternating current (AC). Lokhu ngokuvamile kufinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa amaswishi, ama-transistors, noma ezinye izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezishintshanisa indlela yokuhamba kwamanje, ngaleyo ndlela kwakhiwe i-AC.
2. Izingxenye Ezisetshenzisiwe:
   • I-PCB yokulungisa kabusha: Izingxenye ezivamile zihlanganisa ama-diode, ama-rectifiers, ama-capacitor, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ama-transformer uma ukulungiswa kwe-voltage kuyadingeka eduze nokulungiswa.
   • I-Inverter PCB: Izingxenye ezibalulekile zingase zihlanganise ama-transistors, ama-oscillator, ama-transformer (okuguqula i-voltage), nezihlungi zokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-AC ephumayo ingeyemvamisa nekhwalithi oyifunayo.
3. Izicelo:
   • Rectifier PCBs asetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zamandla kagesi, izinhlelo zokushaja amabhethri, nanoma yikuphi lapho ukuguqulwa kusuka ku-AC kuya ku-DC kuyadingeka.
   • I-Inverter PCBs thola izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza ezinhlelweni zokulondoloza amandla (njenge-UPS), izinhlelo zamandla elanga lapho amandla e-DC agciniwe eguqulwa abuyiselwe ku-AC ukuze asetshenziswe, nasezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene lapho kudingeka khona amandla e-AC kodwa i-DC kuphela etholakalayo (njengasezimotweni zezinsiza ezithile).
4. Ukudizayina Okuyinkimbinkimbi:
   • Rectifier PCBs can range from simple designs involving a few diodes in a isilungisi sebhuloho configuration to more complex designs with filtering and voltage regulation components.
   • I-Inverter PCBs ijwayele ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma inhloso kuwukukhiqiza ukuphuma kwe-AC kwe-sine wave. Zidinga ukuklama okucophelelayo ukuze kuphathe ukushintshwa kwamandla ngendlela efanele futhi ngokuvamile kudinga amasekhethi okulawula ayinkimbinkimbi ukuze alawule ukusebenza kwe-inverter.
5. Ukusebenza kahle kanye Nokushisa Ukushisa:
   • Ukusebenza kahle kwazo zombili izinhlobo zama-PCB kuncike ezintweni ezisetshenzisiwe. Kuzinto ezilungisa kabusha, amadizayini asuselwa ku-diode angase abe nokusebenza kahle okuphansi kanye nokulahla ukushisa okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokulungisa ezithuthuke kakhulu.
   • Iziguquli, ikakhulukazi lezo ezidizayinelwe ukuletha okukhiphayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu ye-AC, zingase zikhiqize ukushisa okukhulu ngenxa yokushintshwa kwemvamisa ephezulu yamanje, edinga izindlela eziqinile zokulahla ukushisa.

Ukuqonda lo mehluko kusiza ekukhetheni uhlobo olulungile lwe-PCB yohlelo oluthile kanye nasekuthokozeleni ubunjiniyela abangena ekuklameni amasistimu kagesi ukuze asetshenziswe okuhlukahlukene.

Izingxenye Ezibalulekile Ze-Rectifier PCBs

Ama-PCB alungisa kabusha ahlanganisa izingxenye ezibalulekile ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa:

I-Diode:
Ama-Diode ayizici ezibalulekile ezivumela ukugeleza kwamanje ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Ama-Semiconductor diode, njenge-silicon noma ama-Schottky diode, avame ukusetshenziswa kuma-PCB alungisayo. Zinokwehla okuqondile kwe-voltage eya phambili, okuhluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-diode esetshenzisiwe.

Isiguquli:
Iziguquli eziya phansi zivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-PCB alungisa kabusha ukuze kulungiswe i-amplitude ye-voltage yokufaka. Ama-Transformer asiza ekuguquleni amandla kagesi aphezulu e-AC abe amazinga aphansi afanele ukulungiswa.

Umphathi:
Ama-Capacitor adlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlungeni nasekwenzeni okukhiphayo kube bushelelezi, ukuguqulela ekubeni i-wave wave ye-DC ezinzile. Zisiza ukunciphisa i-ripple futhi zinikeze i-voltage ye-DC ehlanzekile.

Isilawuli:
Izilawuli zamandla kagesi zisetshenziselwa ukugcina i-voltage ephumayo engaguquki, iqinisekisa ukuthi ihlala izinzile ngisho noma kunokuguquguquka noma ukuhluka kokokufaka kwe-AC. Zisiza ukulawula izinga le-voltage ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile.

Isibambi Sokulayisha:
Izinqamuli zokulayisha zixhunywe ochungechungeni nge-diode yokulungisa ukuze ulawule futhi ukhawulele ukugeleza kwamanje kuleveli oyifunayo. Basiza ukuphatha umthwalo futhi baqinisekise ukusatshalaliswa okufanele kwamanje.

Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zinike amandla ukulungiswa okusebenzayo kwama-voltage e-AC, ukuguqulelwa ku-DC, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi azinzile futhi asebenzisekayo ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene ze-elekthronikhi.

Ukubaluleka Kokuhlunga kuma-PCB e-Full-Wave Rectifier

Ukuhlunga kudlala indima ebalulekile kuma-PCB alungisa igagasi eligcwele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amandla kagesi aphumayo azinzile futhi afanele ukunika amandla amadivayisi kagesi. Nakhu ukuhlolisisa ukubaluleka kokuhlunga kuma-PCB alungisa igagasi eligcwele:

1. Ukuncishiswa kwe-Ripple: Injongo eyinhloko yokuhlunga ku-PCB yokuvuselela igagasi eligcwele ukwehlisa i-ripple ku-voltage ephumayo ye-DC. I-Ripple isho ukuhluka kwezinga likagesi elihlala ekuphumeni ngemva kokulungiswa. Kubonakala njengokuguquguquka okuncane noma ama-ripples abekwe phezulu ku-voltage ye-DC. Lawa ma-ripples angaba yinkinga ezintweni ze-elekthronikhi ezibucayi ezidinga umthombo wamandla we-DC ozinzile futhi oshelelayo.
2. Ukusheshisa okukhiphayo: I-reservoir noma i-smoothing capacitor exhunywe ngokuhambisana nomthwalo yenza bushelelezi okukhiphayo kwe-DC. Lokhu ikwenza ngokushaja nokukhipha njengoba kudingeka, okusiza ukugcina izinga le-voltage elihlala njalo. Lesi senzo sokushelela siphumela ekuhlanzekeni nasekuzinzeni kwamagagasi e-DC.
3. Ukusebenza Okuthuthukisiwe: Izinsiza zikagesi, njengezilawuli ezincane, amasekhethi ahlanganisiwe, nezinye izingxenye ze-semiconductor, ngokuvamile zidinga i-voltage ye-DC ezinzile futhi engaguquki ukuze isebenze kahle. Ukuhlunga kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-voltage ehlinzekwa kulezi zingxenye ihlangabezana nokucaciswa kwazo, ukuvimbela ukungasebenzi kahle futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kukonke.
4. Umsindo Kagesi Owehlisiwe: Ukuhlunga futhi kunomthelela ekwehliseni umsindo kagesi noma ukuphazamiseka kokuphumayo kwe-DC. Noma yiziphi izingxenye ze-AC eziyinsalela noma umsindo wefrikhwensi ephezulu okhona ekukhishweni okulungisiwe ungancishiswa ngokuqhubekayo yi-capacitor yokuhlunga. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho izingxenye ezizwelayo umsindo zibandakanyeka.
5. I-Output Voltage Regulation: Ama-capacitor okuhlunga asiza ukulawula i-voltage ephumayo ye-PCB yokulungisa igagasi eligcwele. Bagcina i-voltage isezingeni elingaguquki, noma ngabe kukhona ukuhluka ku-voltage yokufaka ye-AC. Lo mthethonqubo uqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zikagesi zithola ugesi ongaguquki futhi othembekile.
6. Ukuvimbela Ukuwa kwe-Voltage: Lapho i-voltage ephumayo ye-PCB yokulungisa iqala ukwehla, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezimo zesidingo esikhulu samanje, i-capacitor yokuhlunga inganxephezela lokhu kwehla ngokukhulula amandla agciniwe. Lokhu kuvimbela ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kungazelelwe futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile, ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zomthwalo.

Sekukonke, ukuhlunga kubalulekile kuma-PCB alungisa amaza agcwele ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngokukhishwa kwamandla kagesi e-DC okuzinzile nokuhlanzekile. Lokhu kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwamadivayisi kagesi futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi athola ugesi ohambisanayo awudingayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusezintweni zikagesi zabathengi noma ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini, ukuhlunga kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuthembeka.

Izinhlobo Zokuhlunga Ezisetshenziswa Ku-Rectifier PCBs

Ama-PCB alungisa kabusha imvamisa adinga ukuhlunga okwengeziwe ukuze athole amandla kagesi e-DC angaguquki futhi azinzile. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zezihlungi zingasetshenziswa, kuye ngesekhethi yokulungisa kabusha kanye nohlobo lomthombo wamandla we-AC. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlunga ezisetshenziswayo yilezi:

Ukuhlunga kwe-Inductor:

Lolu hlobo lwesihlungi lisebenzisa i-inductor ochungechungeni nomthwalo ukuze bushelelezi ukuphuma kwamanje. Isiza ekwehliseni i-ripple futhi inikeze i-voltage ephumayo eyisicaba enokuguquguquka okuphansi. Kodwa-ke, izihlungi ze-inductor zingaba zikhulu futhi zingazwela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic (EMI).

Ukuhlunga kwe-Capacitor:

Ukuhlunga kwe-Capacitor kuhilela ukubeka i-capacitor enkulu ngokuhambisana nomthwalo. Isebenza ngempumelelo ekwehliseni ukushayeka noma i-ripple ku-voltage ephumayo, okuholela ku-waveform ebushelelezi. Ukusebenza kokuhlunga kwe-capacitor kuncike ku-capacitance value ye-capacitor kanye nokumelana nomthwalo.

Ukuhlunga Okuhlanganisiwe:

Izihlungi ezihlanganisiwe zihlanganisa izinto ezifana nezimbangi, ama-capacitor, kanye/noma ama-inductors ukuze kuzuzwe ukuphuma kwamagagasi abushelelezi. Isibonelo, isihlungi esihlanganisiwe singafaka inhlanganisela ye-resistor-capacitor (RC) noma i-inductor-capacitor (LC). Lezi zihlungi zifinyelela ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza nokuba yinkimbinkimbi, zihlinzeka ngokushelela okuthuthukisiwe nokubalwa kwengxenye emaphakathi.

Ukukhethwa kohlobo lwesihlungi kuncike ezicini ezifana nezinga elidingekayo lokuhlunga, imikhawulo yesikhala, ukucatshangelwa kwezindleko, nezici ezithile zokufaka isignali ye-AC. Abaklami bakhetha ukucushwa kwesihlungi esifanele ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi i-PCB elungisa kabusha ikhiqiza amandla kagesi e-DC azinzile futhi ahlanzekile afanele ukunika amandla amadivayisi kagesi.

Iqhathaniswa kanjani i-Bridge Rectifier PCB kanye ne-Center-Tap Rectifier PCB?

Uma uqhathanisa i-PCB yokulungisa ibhuloho kanye ne-PCB yokulungisa kampompi emaphakathi, kunomehluko eminingana ophawulekayo:

Isidingo se-Diode: I-PCB elungisa ibhuloho isebenzisa ama-diode amane, kuyilapho i-PCB yokulungisa kampompi emaphakathi idinga ama-diode amabili kuphela. Lo mehluko ekubalweni kwe-diode uthinta izindleko zizonke ze-PCB, njengoba ama-silicon diode ngokuvamile ebiza kancane kunama-transformer afakwe phakathi nendawo.

Ukuncika kwe-Transformer: Ukudizayina i-PCB yokulungisa kampompi emaphakathi kungaba inselele ngenxa yemfuneko yesiguquli esigxivizwe maphakathi nendawo, esingabiza. Ngokuphambene, i-PCB yokulungisa ibhuloho inikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe njengoba ingaklanywa nge-transformer noma ngaphandle kwayo. Uma i-transformer isetshenziswa, i-transformer evamile yokunyuka noma eyehlayo ingaqashwa.

Ukubamba I-Voltage: I-PCB elungisa kabusha ibhuloho ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifaka ama-voltage aphezulu. Ine-Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) ephakeme kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa ne-PCB yokulungisa kampompi emaphakathi, okuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla kagesi aphezulu.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwe-Transformer: I-PCB elungisa kabusha ibhuloho inesici esiphezulu sokusebenzisa i-transformer uma siqhathaniswa ne-PCB yokulungisa kampompi emaphakathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-PCB elungisa ibhuloho isebenzisa i-transformer ngempumelelo kakhulu, okuholela ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona okungalungile ku-PCB yokulungisa ibhuloho. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwama-diode amane, kukhona ukwehla kwamandla kagesi enetha phakathi kwama-diode ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okuphinda kabili ukwehla kwamandla kagesi ku-diode eyodwa esetshenziswa kusekethe yokulungisa kampompi emaphakathi. Lokhu kungathinta ukusebenza kahle kukonke kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla kusilungisi sebhuloho i-PCB.

Kafushane, ukukhetha phakathi kwe-PCB yokulungisa ibhuloho kanye ne-PCB yokulungisa ukuthepha okumaphakathi kuncike ezintweni ezifana nezindleko, ukutholakala kwama-transformer, izidingo ze-voltage, kanye nezinga elifiselekayo lokuguquguquka kwedizayini. I-PCB yokulungisa ibhuloho inikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe futhi ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla kagesi aphezulu, kuyilapho i-PCB yokulungisa kampompi emaphakathi ilula ekwakhiweni kwayo kodwa idinga isiguquli esithephwe maphakathi nendawo.

Ubuhle nokubi kwama-PCB we-Full-Wave Rectifier

Izinzuzo:

Ama-PCB okulungisa igagasi eligcwele anikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ngaphezu kozakwabo begagasi elinguhhafu. Okokuqala, banikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphindwe kabili uma kuqhathaniswa nezilungisi ze-half-wave. Ngokusebenzisa womabili amahafu wesiginali yokufaka, izilungisi zamagagasi agcwele ziguqula amandla engeziwe ukusuka ku-AC kuye ku-DC, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle okuphelele kukonke.

Okwesibili, izilungisi zamagagasi agcwele zikhiqiza insalela ye-AC ripple ephansi kakhulu kulokho okukhiphayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezilungisi zegagasi elinguhhafu. Lokhu kunenzuzo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga i-waveform ephumayo ye-DC ebushelelezi enokuguquguquka okuncishisiwe.

Okokugcina, izilungisi zamagagasi agcwele zinamandla okuletha amandla okukhipha aphezulu ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwazo okuphindwe kabili. Lokhu kuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga amandla engeziwe, njengamandla kagesi kumishini kagesi noma amasekhethi okulawula izinjini.

Okumbi:

Okunye okungalungile kwama-PCB okulungisa igagasi eligcwele ubunkimbinkimbi bawo. Zidinga izingxenye eziningi futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuklama uma kuqhathaniswa nezilungisi zegagasi elinguhhafu. Isibalo sezingxenye esikhuphukile kanye nobunkimbinkimbi bomklamo kungangeza ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza futhi kungase kudinge indawo eyengeziwe ku-PCB.

Isiphetho

Ama-PCB alungisa kabusha ayizingxenye ezibalulekile emhlabeni wezinto zikagesi, avumela ukuguqulwa kwe-AC ibe yi-DC futhi anikeze amandla kumadivayisi kagesi amaningi. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, izingxenye, izinzuzo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-PCB alungisayo kubalulekile konjiniyela nabathanda izinto zikagesi ngokufanayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uklama isistimu yokunikezwa kwamandla noma uxazulula inkinga i-PCB yokulungisa ibhuloho, lo mhlahlandlela obanzi usebenza njengesisetshenziswa esibalulekile sokuzulazula ezinkingeni zamabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe.