I-Rigid-Flex PCB ye-Drone: Ukuthuthukisa i-Compact UAV Electronics

Isingeniso

Njengoba ama-drone eba mancane futhi enamandla kakhulu, onjiniyela babhekene nengcindezi ekhulayo yokunciphisa isikhala ngenkathi begcina ubuqotho bukagesi. Ama-PCB aqinile-aguquguqukayo ama-drone ahlanganisa amasekethe aguquguqukayo nezingxenye eziqinile ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuxhumana okuqinile kwabalawuli bezindiza, amamojula ekhamera, namayunithi kagesi. Lokhu kwakhiwa okuhlanganisiwe kususa izixhumi ezinkulu nama-harnesses ekhebula anezela isisindo futhi adale amaphuzu angaba khona okuhluleka. Amasekethe aguquguqukayo e-UAV agoqeka kalula ngaphakathi kwezikhala ezivalekile, asekela ukuhlanganiswa kobuningi obuphezulu okudingekayo ezinhlelweni ze-drone zanamuhla.

Kungani ama-Drones Adinga ama-PCB aqinile-Flex

Ama-Compact drone systems adinga izixazululo zesekethe amabhodi aqinile angenakunikeza. Izilawuli zendiza, ama-ESC, amakhamera, nezinzwa kufanele kuxhumeke ngaphakathi kwamamilimitha esikhala esitholakalayo, lapho amakhebula avamile ahlanganisa ivolumu eningi futhi engeza isisindo esingadingekile. Ubuchwepheshe be-PCB obuqinile obuguquguqukayo bunciphisa amaphuzu okuxhumana ngokuhlanganisa amasekhethi aguquguqukayo ngqo esakhiweni sebhodi.

Izinzuzo ze-PCB eqinile-eguqukayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-drone zifaka:

• Ukunciphisa isisindo - Ukuqeda izixhumi nezintambo kunciphisa isisindo sohlelo ngo-20-40% uma kuqhathaniswa namabhodi aqinile alinganayo anamahhanisi ezintambo.
• Ukumelana kokudlidliza - Izingxenye zesekethe eziguquguqukayo zimunca ukucindezeleka kwemishini okungahle kuphule amalunga e-solder ekuxhumekeni kwekhebula, kuthuthukise ukwethembeka ngaphansi kokudlidliza kwemoto njalo.
• Ubuqotho besignali - Ubude bokulandelela obufushanisiwe kanye nokuphazamiseka okuncishisiwe kwe-electromagnetic kusuka emzileni ohlanganisiwe kuthuthukisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye zokulawula indiza.
• Ukuthuthukisa isikhala - Ukugoqa okunezinhlangothi ezintathu kwenza ukwakheka kwe-compact drone system kungenzeki ngamabhodi aqinile wodwa.

Idizayini Yesakhiwo ye-Rigid-Flex PCBs kuma-UAV

Ukucushwa Kwesendlalelo

Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile ze-PCB eziguquguqukayo ze-UAV zisebenzisa izigaba eziqinile ezinezendlalelo ezi-4 zokukhwezwa kwengxenye kuhlanganiswe nezifunda eziguqukayo zezendlalelo ezi-2 ukuze kuxhunywe. Izindawo eziqinile zihlinzeka ngezinkundla ezizinzile zamaphrosesa, izixhumi, nezingxenye zamandla ezidinga ukusekelwa kwemishini okuvikelekile. Izigaba eziguquguqukayo zihamba phakathi kwamamojula zisebenzisa ama-substrates efilimu ye-polyimide agoba ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokukhathala komqhubi.

I-Gonga Radius kanye Nokwethenjwa Komshini

Izigaba ze-UAV zesekethe eguquguqukayo zidinga ukubalwa kwerediyasi egobile encane ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka komqhubi ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa nokusebenza. Izifunda eziguquguqukayo ezinamandla ezibekezelela ukunyakaza okungaguquki zidinga irediya okungenani izikhathi eziyi-10 ubukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo, kuyilapho ukugoba okumile okwakhiwa phakathi nokufakwa kungasebenzisa izilinganiso eziphindwe ka-6-8. Ukubekwa kwe-stiffener ekuguqukeni kokugoba kuvimbela ukugxila kwengcindezi okusheshisa ukwehluleka.

Ukukhetha Izinto

Amabhodi aguqukayo e-Polyimide ahlinzeka ngokuzinza okushisayo kanye nezakhiwo zemishini ezibalulekile kuma-UAV electronics. I-FR-4 ejwayelekile ihlanganisa izigaba eziqinile lapho ukuzinza kobukhulu kanye nokukhishwa kokushisa kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwe-Adhesiveless kuqeda ukushuba kongqimba lwebhondi futhi kuthuthukise ukuguquguquka ezindaweni ezibucayi zokugoba. Ukuhambisana kwezinto phakathi kwezitaki eziqinile neziguquguqukayo kuvimbela ukubola ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngebhayisikili elishisayo ukusuka ku -40°C ukuya ku-85°C okuvamile ekusebenzeni kwe-drone yangaphandle.

Izicelo Ezibalulekile ku-Compact Drone Systems

Ukuhlanganisa Isilawuli Sendiza

Idizayini ye-PCB eqondile yokulawula indiza ihlanganisa amabhodi eprosesa nezixhumi zezinzwa ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana okuguquguqukayo. Amamojula e-IMU, i-GPS, kanye ne-barometer axhuma ngemisila eguquguqukayo edlula ezindaweni zokufaka ze-airframe ngaphandle kwezixhumi. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kunciphisa isikhathi sokuhlanganiswa futhi kuqeda amaphutha emephu ye-wire harness ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.

Uxhumano Lwemojula Yekhamera

Amasistimu e-Gimbal adinga ukuxhumana okuvumelana nezimo okubekezelela ukuzungezisa okuqhubekayo kuyilapho kugcinwa ubuqotho besignali ekudlulisweni kwevidiyo. Ukwakhiwa kwe-Rigid-flex kubeka i-interface interface yekhamera ezigabeni eziqinile kuyilapho izifunda eziguquguqukayo zilandela ukunyakaza kwe-gimbal ngokusebenzisa uhla olugcwele lokunyakaza. Le ndlela iqeda izinkinga zokukhathala kwezintambo ezivamile ekusetshenzisweni kwentambo yeribhoni, inweba impilo yesevisi ibe ngaphezu kwemijikelezo yokunyakaza engu-100,000.

Ibhethri Nokusabalalisa Amandla

Amabhodi okusabalalisa amandla azuza ku-PCB eguquguqukayo eqinile yezinhlelo zamandla e-drone ngokuhlanganisa izendlalelo eziqinile zamanje zokuxhumeka kwebhethri namagatsha aguquguqukayo azulazula kuma-ESC ngamanye. Izingxenye eziqinile zihlinzeka ngesisindo esishisayo sokulandela umkhondo wokubamba kwamanje kanye nezindawo zokukhweza zezixhumi zamandla. Izingxenye eziguquguqukayo zinciphisa ukucindezeleka komshini kumajoyini e-solder kusukela ekudlidlizeni.

I-Gimbal Control Integration

Amayunithi okulawula e-Gimbal adinga amasiginali wemoto anembile alethwa ngoxhumo oluguqukayo. Umhlangano we-UAV PCB usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuqinile obuguquguqukayo ugcina i-impedance elawulwayo ngokusebenzisa izifunda ezigobile, igcina ikhwalithi yesignali yokuhamba nge-brushless motor. Ukuthobela kwemishini kwezigaba eziguquguqukayo kuvimbela impendulo yokudlidliza kusukela ekunyakazeni kwe-gimbal ethinta ukukhweza kwesilawuli sendiza.

Ukucatshangelwa Kokuklama Nokukhiqiza kwe-Rigid-Flex PCB

Ukuthuthukisa Isitaki

Ukwakheka kwe-PCB okuqinile-okuguquguqukayo kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela ukushintsha kwezingqimba phakathi kwezindawo eziqinile neziguquguqukayo. Ukukhetha isisindo sethusi kulinganisela izidingo zokuguquguquka ngokumelene nomthamo wokuthwala ugesi, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ithusi elingu-0.5 oz ezindaweni eziguquguqukayo eziguquguqukayo kanye ne-1-2 oz ezingxenyeni eziqinile. Ukubekwa nge-Via kugwema izindawo eziguquguqukayo lapho ukucindezeleka kwebhareli kubangela ukuqhekeka, esikhundleni salokho kugxila ukuxhumana ngaphakathi kwezindawo eziqinile.

I-Impedans Elawulwayo Ezifundeni Ezigoqayo

Amasiginali anesivinini esiphezulu awela izigaba ze-UAV zesekethe eguquguqukayo adinga ukulawulwa kokuvinjelwa ngokusebenzisa izinguquko zerediyasi egobile. Ububanzi bokulandelela kanye nezibalo zesikhala kufanele zibhekane nokuhluka kogqinsi lwe-dielectric njengoba i-polyimide icindezela ngesikhathi sokuguquguquka. Umzila wokubhangqwa ohlukile ugcina ukuhlangana okuqinile ngoshintsho ukuze kulondolozwe ubuqotho besignali ye-USB, ukuxhumana kwekhamera ye-MIPI, noxhumo lwenzwa ye-SPI.

Ngokuhlola Ukuvikela Nokuthembeka

Izidingo zokukhiqiza ze-UAV flexible PCB zifaka:

• Ukuvikelwa kwekhava - Ivikela iminonjana yethusi ezindaweni eziguquguqukayo kuyilapho imaski ye-solder eguquguqukayo ihlinzeka ukumelana nemihuzuko ezindaweni ezinokucindezeleka okuncane.
• Ngokuqiniswa - Ijiyomethri ye-Teardrop pad emingceleni eqinile-flex isakaza ukucindezeleka komshini futhi ivimbele ukuhlukaniswa kwendandatho yonyaka.
• Ukuhambisana ne-IPC-6013 - Ukucaciswa kwekilasi lesi-3 kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubo zokukhiqiza zihlangabezana namazinga okuthembeka emkhathini.
• Ukuhlolwa komjikelezo we-Flex - Ukuqinisekisa kufaka phakathi imijikelezo yokugoba engu-100,000+ kanye nokufaneleka kokushaqeka okushisayo ukusuka ku -55°C kuya ku-125°C.

Izinzuzo kanye nokuhwebelana kwe-Rigid-Flex PCB ye-Drone Systems

Izinzuzo Zokusebenza

Izinzuzo ze -PCB yedrone elula yokwakhiwa okuqinile kuthuthukisa ngqo ukusebenza kwendiza ngokunciphisa isisindo sesistimu. Ukususa izixhumi kususa amagremu angu-15-30 kuma-drone avamile asetshenziswa ngabathengi, kwandise isikhathi sokundiza ngemizuzu engu-2-3. Imiklamo ye-PCB eqinile eguquguqukayo egcina isikhala ivumela ama-airframe amancane noma umthamo webhethri owandisiwe ngaphakathi kwezivikelo ezikhona.

Ukucatshangelwa Komklamo Nezindleko

Inkimbinkimbi yokukhiqiza ikhuphuka kubiza ama-40-60% ngaphezu kwamabhodi aqinile alinganayo anamahhanisi ekhebula. Ukuphindaphinda kwedizayini kudinga amathuluzi akhethekile kanye nezikhathi zokuhola ezinde uma kuqhathaniswa nezinqubo ezivamile ze-PCB. Amaqembu onjiniyela kufanele axhumanise izidingo zemiklamo yemishini nekagesi kanyekanye, afune ukubambisana okuphambene nezigwegwe kusenesikhathi ekuthuthukisweni.

Isiphetho

Ubuchwepheshe be-PCB obuqinile obuguquguqukayo bubhekana nezinselelo ezibalulekile ze-compact drone electronics ngokusebenzisa amasekhethi ahlanganisiwe aguquguqukayo, ukuqedwa kwezixhumi, nokwakhiwa okungazweli ukudlidliza. Amandla omzila wezinhlangothi ezintathu avumela izakhiwo zesistimu ezikhulisa kokubili ivolumu nesisindo ngenkathi igcina ubuqotho besignali ngaphansi kwezimo zendiza ezinzima. Ubunkimbinkimbi bedizayini nezindleko zokukhiqiza zimele ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile, nokho ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kuqinisekisa ukwamukelwa kwezinhlelo zokukhiqiza lapho ukusetshenziswa kwendawo nokwethembeka kunquma impumelelo yesistimu.