Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Webcam PCB yezinhlelo ze-USB kanye ne-Network Camera

Ikhamera yewebhu ayisebenzi njalo kusuka ebhodini elilodwa lesifunda eliyinhloko. Imodeli ye-USB encane ingahlanganisa inzwa yesithombe, isilawuli sevidiyo kanye nokulawulwa kwamandla ku-PCB eyodwa. Ikhamera eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ingasabalalisa leyo misebenzi ebhodini lenzwa, icubungula ibhodi elikhulu, isikhombimsebenzisi esingenantambo noma se-Ethernet, ibhodi lamandla, ibhodi lokulawula imoto kanye nezinhlangano ezisizayo zomsindo noma ukukhanya. Inani lamabhodi lilandela ukuxhumana kwekhamera, indawo ebiyelwe kanye nemisebenzi—hhayi nje ukulungiswa kwayo.

I-Highleap Electronics inikeza ukwenziwa kwe-webcam PCB kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-PCBA kwama-electronics ekhamera aklanywe ngamakhasimende, kusukela kumamojula ezinzwa ngamanye kuya kumasethi amabhodi amaningi ahlanganisiwe. Izinsizakalo zayo zokukhiqiza nge-elekthronikhi zifaka phakathi ukutholakala kwezingxenye okuvunyelwe, i-SMT kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwembobo, kanye nokuhlolwa okuvunyelwene ngakho noma ukuhlolwa kokusebenza. Izingxenye ezingezansi zibonisa ukuthi i-webcam ehlukene kanye nemikhiqizo yekhamera exhunyiwe ingahlukanisa kanjani ama-electronics ayo, nokuthi yimiphi imininingwane ebalulekile lapho lawo mabhodi ekhiqizwa ndawonye.

Izinhlobo ze-Webcam kanye ne-PCB Assemblies Abazisebenzisayo

Igama elithi webcam livame ukubhekisela ekhamera exhunywe ngqo kwikhompyutha, ngokuvamile nge-USB. Amakhamera e-Wi-Fi kanye ne-Ethernet/IP ayizigaba eziseduze zamakhamera axhunyiwe; amakhamera e-USB ezimboni kanye ne-GigE akha omunye umndeni okhethekile. Ama-elekthronikhi awo ayahlangana, kodwa izixhumanisi zawo zokusingatha, amalungiselelo kagesi kanye nokuhlolwa komkhiqizo kuyahluka. Izibonelo ezilandelayo zichaza ukucushwa kwe-PCB okungenzeka, hhayi izidingo eziqinile zekhamera ngayinye esigabeni.

I-PCB eyodwa ingahlanganisa imisebenzi eminingana yale. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikhamera yezimboni noma enenjini ingasebenzisa amabhodi amaningana ahlanganiswe ngokuzimela ukuze kube lula ukufaka, ukuhlukaniswa kokushisa noma ukunyakaza kwemishini. Kuma-electronics amaningi okuthwebula izithombe ngaphandle kwama-webcam edeskithophu, ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB yekhamera kuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwamabhodi ahlobene ngaphandle kokuthatha umklamo wekhamera ojwayelekile.

Kusukela ku-Image Sensor kuya ku-Output: Lokho Okwenziwa Yibhodi Yesekethe Yekhamera Ngayinye

Kukhamera enamabhodi amaningi, ibhodi elikhulu liyingxenye eyodwa kuphela yesiginali kanye nochungechunge lwamandla. I-PCB yesensa iguqula ukukhanya kube idatha yesithombe sikagesi; isilawuli noma i-ISP/SoC icubungula leyo datha; isekethe yesixhumi esibonakalayo siyiletha kumphathi noma kunethiwekhi. Amandla nokulawula ama-elekthronikhi kugcina izinhlelo ezingaphansi kwe-optical kanye ne-mechanical zisebenza ngezimo zazo ezibekiwe.

Ibhodi lezinzwa zekhamera kanye nebhodi elikhulu lokucubungula amavidiyo

I -PCB yenzwa yesithombe se-webcam ingase ithwale inzwa ye-CMOS, abalawuli bendawo, izingxenye zewashi kanye nesixhumi esinobunono ngemuva kwelensi. Ibhodi elikhulu levidiyo elihlukile lingase liqukathe iprosesa yesithombe noma ibhuloho le-USB, inkumbulo, isitoreji se-firmware, ukulandelana kwamandla kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo somsingathi. Amanye amadizayini ahlanganisa zombili izindima ku-PCB eyodwa. Imizila yenzwa-kuya-kwiprosesa, kufaka phakathi i-MIPI CSI-2 lapho kuchazwe khona, kumele ilandele izidingo zokufakwa kwe-stack kanye ne-routing ezikhishwe esikhundleni semithetho ejwayelekile ye-USB trace.

Amandla, isikhombimsebenzisi kanye nama-PCBA asizayo

Ibhodi le-PCB noma le-DC/DC elihlinzeka ngogesi wekhamera lihlinzeka ngeprosesa yevidiyo, inzwa, ama-motor kanye nokukhanya; lingase lihlukaniswe uma isikhala esitholakalayo, ukushisa noma i-voltage yokufaka ikufuna. Amabhodi e-interface angase aqukathe izixhumi ze-USB, ama-magnetic e-Ethernet, i-module ye-Wi-Fi evunyelwe noma i-I/O yangaphandle. Ama-PCBA okulawula ikhamera ahlukene angabamba umshayeli we-pan/tilt, i-microphone array, ukukhanya kwe-IR, izinkomba noma izinkinobho zephaneli yangaphambili. Akukho neyodwa yalezi okudingeka ibe yibhodi elizimele ngaphandle kokuthi ukwakheka komkhiqizo okhishwe kudinga lokho.

Uma amabhodi ehlukaniswa, izincazelo zezixhumi ziba yingxenye yokukhiqiza uhlelo: isiqondiso sokuhlanganisa, indawo yephinikhodi ye-FPC, ubude bekhebula, isabelo sesitimela, ukuphakama kwebhodi kuya ebhodini kanye nokubuyekezwa okuvunyiwe kwenhlangano ngayinye kufanele kuhambisane kuyo yonke isethi yekhamera. Yilesi sigaba lapho ukunikeza ama-PCB amahlanu afanele ngokwawo kunganele uma engenakubhangqwa endaweni efanayo.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-USB Webcam, i-Wi-Fi Camera kanye ne-IP Camera PCB Camera

I -PCB yekhamera yewebhu ye-USB evamile iletha ividiyo kumphathi oxhunyiwe. Isilawuli sayo se-USB esivunyiwe, i-firmware kanye ne-interface kunquma ukuthi i-USB Video Class (UVC) iyasekelwa yini, ukuthi imaphi amafomethi avezwayo nokuthi ikhamera ibala kanjani. I-USB-C iyifomethi yokuxhuma; ayiqinisekisi isivinini se-USB 3.x noma ukulethwa kwamandla.

Ikhamera exhunywe ngaphandle kwentambo ingeza umsakazo noma imojuli ye-Wi-Fi, i-antenna kanye nokucutshungulwa kwendawo ukuze kusetshenziswe inethiwekhi/ividiyo ethile. Inethiwekhi yokugcina i-RF kanye neyokufanisa kumele yakhelwe ngendlela evunyiwe, kuyilapho i-antenna iqinisekiswa endaweni evalekile. Izinhlobo ezisebenza ngebhethri zingadinga futhi ukushaja kanye nokuvikela izifunda; amakhamera ahlakaniphile asebenza ngamandla amakhulu akudingeki ayifake.

I -PCB yekhamera ye-IP ene-Ethernet enentambo esikhundleni salokho isebenzisa i-interface ye-Ethernet kanye nokwakhiwa kokucubungula okukwazi inethiwekhi. Lapho i-Power over Ethernet (PoE) icacisiwe, i-interface yedivayisi enamandla kanye nesigaba se-DC/DC kumele kufane nezinga lamandla elivunyiwe, ukuhlukaniswa kanye nesabelomali somthwalo. Lawo masekethe angahlala ebhodini elikhulu noma ku-PCB yamandla ye-PoE ehlukile. Ukusakazwa kwevidiyo ye-IP, ukwesekwa kwe-ONVIF kanye nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi kuncike ku-firmware yomkhiqizo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe; azisho ukuthi zifakwa isixhumi se-RJ45.

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuthinta ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza: ikhamera ye-USB ingadinga ukubalwa kwe-UVC kanye nokuhlolwa kokusakazwa kwevidiyo; ikhamera ye-Ethernet ingadinga ukuxoxisana ngesixhumanisi, ubunikazi bedivayisi, ukusakaza kwenethiwekhi kanye nokuhlolwa kokufaka amandla; imodeli ye-Wi-Fi inezela uxhumano lomsakazo oluvunyiwe kanye nokucushwa. Umenzi angakha ama-elekthronikhi kuncazelo ngayinye ngaphandle kokuphatha wonke amakhamera axhunyiwe njengohlobo olulodwa lwesixhumi esibonakalayo.

Inzwa Yesithombe, Ilensi kanye Nomhlangano we-FPC Wekhamera

Ihadiwe ye-optical ingenza ibhodi elincane kakhulu libe yi-PCBA ezwela kakhulu ekuphatheni emkhiqizweni. Amaphakheji ezinzwa zesithombe namamojula ekhamera ahlanganisiwe angaba nemikhawulo ehlukene yokugeleza kabusha, ukuhlanza kanye nomswakama. Izembozo zokuvikela, ukukhanya kokuhlola kanye nendawo lapho ilensi ifakiwe khona kufanele ilandele imiyalelo yomhlinzeki ovunyiwe.

Uma i-PCB yesenzwa ixhunywe ngekhebula eligobile, uhlangothi lokuxhumana lwesixhumi, ukufinyelela kwe-latch, indlela yokugoba kanye nobukhulu be-stiffener kumele kufane nomdwebo wokuhlanganisa. Isokhethi ye-FPC yokuxhumana okuphezulu ayikwazi ukushintshwa kwesokhethi yokuxhumana engezansi ngoba nje iphimbo liyafana. Ukuxhumeka kwekhamera efanele ye-FPC kanye nemininingwane yokuhlanganisa kuba kubaluleke kakhulu lapho ikhanda le-optical lihlukile kwi-USB, i-Wi-Fi noma i-Ethernet mainboard.

Izibambi zelensi, izimbobo zokukhweza, ingilazi yesembozo kanye nezihlalo zezinzwa kumele konke kubhekisele kudathamu efanele yemishini. Lapho i-oda lihlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-optical, inqubo yokugxila evunyiwe yi-OEM, inhloso yereferensi kanye nemikhawulo kunquma ukwamukelwa. Ukwenziwa kwe-PCB kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-SMT kuqinisekisa ibhodi elakhiwe; ukulungiswa kwe-optical kanye nokulungiswa kwesithombe kudinga inqubo yabo evunyelwene ngayo.

Amabhodi Okulawula Ukunikezwa Kwamandla, I-IR LED, I-PTZ Motor kanye Nomsindo

Lezi yizinhlobo zamabhodi ezinganakwa kalula uma iphrojekthi ichazwa njengebhodi elikhulu le-webcam kuphela. Zivame kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwamakhamera anezici eziningi noma axhunywe kunethiwekhi, kodwa akufanele zengezwe emikhiqizweni engazidingi.

Hlukanisa amabhodi kagesi nokukhanyisa lapho umklamo udinga khona

I -PCB yamandla ekhamera ye-PoE iguqula ukunikezwa kokufaka okuvunyiwe kube yizitimela zeprosesa, inzwa kanye nezesekeli. Imodeli enamandla angaphandle ingasebenzisa ibhodi yokufaka ye-DC esikhundleni salokho, futhi ikhamera yebhethri ingafaka ukuphathwa kokushaja. Umuthi wamandla okhishwe unquma izingxenye zokuguqula, imingcele yokuhlukaniswa, amandla wamanje kanye nomklamo wokushisa.

Amamodeli okubona ebusuku angasebenzisa i -infrared LED PCB assembly noma isigaba sokukhanyisa esihlanganisiwe esinomshini wamandla we-LED olawulwayo, ukusabalala kokushisa kanye nenzwa yokushintsha izindlela zokukhanyisa. Amanye afaka ne-actuator yesihlungi esinqunyiwe se-IR, okuwumsebenzi ohlukile wemishini/kagesi kumshayeli we-LED. Izimiso zokukhiqiza ngemuva kwe-assembly ye-PCB yomshayeli we-LED ziyasebenza lapho ikhamera evunyelwe ifaka ihadiwe yokukhanyisa enjalo.

Ukunyakaza, imakrofoni kanye nezilawuli zesikhombimsebenzisi

I -PCB yokulawula imoto yekhamera ye-PTZ ingashayela ama-actuator e-pan, atsheke noma asondeza futhi ithole amasignali omkhawulo noma isikhundla. Izindlela zamanje zemoto, izixhumi zempendulo kanye nokuguquguquka okuhambayo kumele kulandele indlela ekhishwe ngayo; ukuhlanganiswa kwazo kuhlukile ebhodini lezinzwa zekhamera ezimile. Isihloko se -PCB yomshayeli wemoto sifanelekile kwihadiwe yokulawula ukunyakaza kwangempela. Amanye amamodeli aneza ama-PCBA e-microphone noma esipikha, ukushintsha kobumfihlo, izibani zesimo, izixhumi zekhadi lokugcina noma i-alamu I/O. I-BOM ekhethiwe inquma ukuthi yimaphi ama-subassemblies akhona nokuthi ahlolwa kanjani.

Ukukhiqiza Nokuhlola Amasethi E-PCB E-Webcam Aphelele

Ukukhiqizwa nokuhlanganiswa kwe-Webcam PCB kungabandakanya izinto ezimbili ezihlukile ezitholakalayo: ama-PCBA ngamanye kanye nesethi ehambisana kahle elingana ngaphakathi kwekhamera. Ibhodi lezinzwa, ibhodi leprosesa kanye nebhodi lamandla ngalinye lingadlula ukuhlolwa kukagesi kodwa lihluleke ukusebenza ndawonye uma ikhebula, isixhumi noma uhlobo lwe-firmware lungahambisani.

Ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza kulandela umsebenzi wangempela webhodi ngalinye

• Ibhodi yenzwa/yokukhanya: imigqa yokuphakelwa ethile, ukuhlonza inzwa, impendulo yendlela yesithombe kanye nokuhlanzeka kokukhanya noma ukuhlolwa kokugxila lapho kufakiwe.
• Ibhodi enkulu ye-USB / yevidiyo: i-firmware ehleliwe, ubunikazi bedivayisi, ukubalwa komsingathi kanye nemodi yokukhipha ividiyo evunyelwene ngayo.
• Ibhodi lenethiwekhi: Isixhumanisi se-Ethernet noma uxhumano lwe-Wi-Fi oluvunyiwe, ubuwena kanye nokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi/ividiyo okucacisiwe uma i-fixture ivuma.
• Ibhodi yamandla: ama-voltage okukhipha, amasignali okunika amandla kanye namaphutha, kanye nokuziphatha komthwalo okuvunyelwene ngakho; ukuxoxisana nge-PoE lapho kuyingxenye yomklamo.
• Amabhodi asizayo: ukukhanya kanye nogesi we-LED, isiqondiso/impendulo yemoto, iziteshi zemakrofoni kanye nezinkinobho zokulawula, njengoba kufanele.
• Ukuhlanganiswa okuhlanganisiwe: ukubuyekezwa kwebhodi okulungile, ukuqondiswa kwekhebula, isikhundla senzwa kanye nochungechunge lokusebenza lwezinga lesistimu oluvunyelwene ngalo.

I-Highleap ingaxoxa ngokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-PCBA ngokumelene nemingcele enikezwe amakhasimende noma evunyelwene ngayo. Ukulungiswa kwe-firmware, ukulinganiswa kokukhanya, ukusebenza komsakazo kanye nokusebenzisana kwenethiwekhi kudinga izinqubo zokwamukelwa ezichazwe ngqo kunesimangalo esijwayelekile sokuthi yonke ikhamera eqediwe ifanelekile.

Ukukhishwa kokukhiqiza kwebhodi elilodwa noma amaningi

Kubhodi ngalinye, nikeza idatha yokwenziwa (i-Gerber noma i-ODB++, i-stack-up kanye nemidwebo, i-BOM evunyiwe, amafayela okukhetha nokubeka, izidingo zokuphatha amamojula kanye nobuningi bezinhloso. Kukhamera yamabhodi amaningi, engeza uhlu lwebhodi olukhomba inani le-PCBA ngayinye ngomkhiqizo ngamunye, imidwebo ehambisanayo yesixhumi/i-FPC, inhlanganisela ye-firmware evunyiwe, okokufaka kwamandla kanye nokuhlolwa okudingekayo. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuhlanganisweni kwe-PCBA yekhamera ye-IP yamabhodi amaningi , lapho imihlangano ye-PoE, i-IR kanye ne-PTZ engazikhethela ingadala izinhlobo eziningana zomkhiqizo.

Insizakalo yokuhlanganisa i-PCB ye-turnkey ye-Highleap ingaxhumanisa amabhodi enziwe avunyiwe, izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezithengiwe kanye nemisebenzi ye-PCBA. Amamojula e-optical, izintambo, ukuhlanganiswa kokugcina kwezindlu kanye nokulinganiswa kwezinga lomkhiqizo kufakwa lapho akha ingxenye yomyalelo okuvunyelwene ngawo. Umphumela uba yisilinganiso esakhelwe phezu kwezinhlangano ze-elekthronikhi zangempela zekhamera kunokuba kube yibhodi elikhulu elilodwa elicatshangelwayo.