Heavy Copper PCB for Electric Vehicles: Essential Guide for Power Electronics

Isingeniso

Izimoto zikagesi zidinga ukusebenza kukagesi nokushisa okumangalisayo okuvela kugesi wazo osebenza ngamandla kanye nezinhlelo zokushaja. Imithwalo yamandla aphezulu, amazinga okushisa aphezulu okusebenza, kanye nokupakishwa okufushane kudala izimo eziyinselele ubuchwepheshe be-PCB obujwayelekile obungenakuzixazulula ngokwanele. I-PCB Enethusi Elikhulu yezimoto zikagesi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuphatheni imithwalo yamandla aphezulu, ukuphatha ukushisa kahle, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kugesi osebenza ngamandla kanye nezinhlelo zokushaja.

Ngobukhulu bethusi obusuka ku-3oz ukuya ku-10oz noma ngaphezulu, lawa mabhodi esekethe ayisipesheli ahlinzeka ngokuqhutshwa kukagesi, amandla okuhlakazeka okushisayo, namandla emishini adingekayo ezinhlelweni ezibucayi ze-EV. Njengoba ukwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi kushesha emhlabeni wonke, ubuchwepheshe be-PCB yethusi esindayo sebubaluleke kakhulu kubakhiqizi abafuna ukuletha izixazululo zokuphatha amandla eziphephile, ezisebenzayo nezihlala isikhathi eside.

Kungani I-Heavy Copper PCB Ibalulekile Ezimotweni zikagesi

Ingcindezi Ephakeme Yamanje Neyokushisa Kumamojula Amandla E-EV

Amasistimu wamandla emoto kagesi asebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu ama-PCB ajwayelekile angeke akwazi ukuzigcina. Amaphakethe ebhethri aletha ama-currents angaphezu kuka-200A ngesikhathi sokusheshisa nokushaja okusheshayo, kuyilapho amamojula okuguqula amandla aphatha imithwalo eqhubekayo phakathi kuka-50A no-150A. Lokhu kuminyana okuphezulu kwamanje kudala ukushisa okukhulu ngaphakathi kwezikhala ezivalekile, kudala ingcindezi eshisayo eyehlisa imikhondo yethusi evamile.

Imiklamo ye-Heavy Copper PCB ibhekana nalezi zinselele ngokusebenzisa izendlalelo zethusi ezijiyile ezinciphisa ukumelana kukagesi, zinciphise ukwehla kwamandla kagesi, futhi zisakaze ukushisa ngempumelelo kakhulu ebusweni bebhodi. Isisindo esithuthukisiwe sokushisa sezindiza zethusi ezijiyile simunca ama-spikes okushisa okudlulayo ngenkathi kugcinwa amazinga okushisa azinzile e-junction.

Imikhawulo yama-PCB Ajwayelekile Ngaphansi Kwezimo Zomthwalo Ophakeme

Ama-PCB endabuko angu-1oz kuya ku-2oz ogqinsi lwethusi abonisa ukulinganiselwa okubalulekile ezinhlelweni zezimoto zikagesi:

• Ukuhluleka kokushisayo – Imikhondo yethusi ezacile ishisa kakhulu ngokushesha ngaphansi kwamandla aphezulu okuqhubekayo, isheshisa ukukhathala kwamalungu e-solder kanye nokuwohloka kwengxenye.
• Ukulahlekelwa amandla - Ukwenyuka kokumelana nezingqimba zethusi ezijwayelekile kubangela ukulahlekelwa okulinganiselwe okuthinta ngokuqondile uhla lwezimoto.
• Ukucindezeleka komshini - Ukungezwani kokwanda okushisayo phakathi kwethusi elincanyana kanye nezinto ze-substrate kuholela ekuhlulekeni kwesekhethi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

I-Heavy Copper PCB yezimoto zikagesi iqeda lezi zingqinamba ngokuhlanganisa izindiza zethusi eziwugqinsi ngokuphindwe kashumi kunamabhodi ajwayelekile, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo omkhulu kuyilapho igcina ubuqotho bemishini phakathi nesikhathi sonke sempilo sokusebenza kwemoto.

Izicelo Ezibalulekile Ze-Heavy Copper PCB Ezimotweni zikagesi

Uhlelo Lokulawulwa Kwebhethri (BMS)

Izinhlelo Zokuphatha Ibhethri zidinga ukuqapha kwamanje okunembile kanye namasekethe okuvikela aqinile ukuze kuvikelwe ama-array eseli le-lithium-ion. Ukuqaliswa kwe-PCB Yethusi Enzima kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-BMS kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokumelana ezindleleni zokuzwa kwamanje, kuthuthukisa ikhono lokumelana nesekethe esifushane, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuthembekile kwamanethiwekhi okuhlola i-voltage.

Izendlalelo zethusi eziwugqinsi zisekela abashayeli be-MOSFET bamanje kanye namasekhethi okulinganisa amaseli kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuzinza okushisayo phakathi nemijikelezo yokushaja okusheshayo nokukhipha. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kunweba impilo yebhethri futhi kuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwesistimu ngokuvimbela izimo ezishisayo ezingase zifake engcupheni lonke iphakethe lebhethri.

Iziguquli ze-DC-DC nama-Inverters

Ama-converter e-DC-DC kanye nama-inverter ezigaba ezintathu ezimotweni zikagesi kumele aphathe ama-current currents kanye nemithwalo ye-pulsed ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kahle. Imiklamo ye-Heavy Copper PCB inikeza izindlela zamandla ezizinzile ezinciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic futhi zithuthukise ukuhanjiswa kokushisa kuma-heat sinks.

Izindiza zethusi ezimelana kancane zinciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokushintsha kuma-semiconductors amandla, okuvumela ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa okuphezulu kanye nemiklamo yamamojula ahlangene. Le ndlela ifakazela ukuthi ibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-400V kanye ne-800V lapho ukuminyana kwamandla nokuphatha okushisayo kuthinta ngqo uhla lwezimoto nokusebenza.

Amabhodi Okulawula Ishaja Esebhodini

Amashaja angaphakathi ebhodini ahlanganisa izigaba zokulungisa amandla kagesi aphezulu kanye namasekhethi okulungisa isici samandla adinga umthamo oqinile wokuthwala okwamanje. Ubuchwepheshe be-Heavy Copper PCB buvimbela ukushiswa kwe-foil yethusi ngesikhathi sokushaja okuqhubekayo kuyilapho kugcinwa ukulawulwa kwamandla kagesi okunembile.

Amandla athuthukisiwe okulahla okushisayo avumela amamojula eshaja ukuthi asebenze kumazinga aphezulu wamandla ngaphandle kokudinga amasistimu okupholisa amakhulu kakhulu. Ukuqaliswa okujwayelekile kwe-OBC kusebenzisa ukujiya kwethusi okungu-4oz kuya ku-8oz ukuze kuphathe ngokuphephile ama-currents okokufaka afika ku-32A ku-240VAC isigaba esisodwa noma ngaphezulu ekucushweni kwezigaba ezintathu.

Izicelo ze-Motor Drive Controller

Izilawuli zezimoto zikagesi zihlanganisa izimpawu zokushayela ze-PWM ezivame kakhulu namadivayisi okushintsha amandla ezindaweni ezixineneyo. I-PCB Enethusi Elikhulu yezimoto zikagesi iqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamanje okulinganiselayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-IGBT noma ze-MOSFET ezifanayo ngenkathi ilawula ukushisa okukhulu okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusheshisa kwezimoto.

Izindiza zethusi eziwugqinsi zisebenza ngezinhloso ezimbili njengazo zombili izikhondatha eziphethe njengamanje nezisabalali ezishisayo, okunciphisa isidingo sezingxenye zokulawula ukushisa kwangaphandle. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kwesistimu futhi kunika amandla amaphrofayili okukhipha amandla anolaka ngaphandle kwemikhawulo yokushisa.

I-Heavy Copper PCB yengqalasizinda yokushaja ye-EV

Amamojula Amandla Wesiteshi Ukushaja Ngokushesha

Ingqalasizinda yokushaja imoto kagesi iveza izidingo ezidinga ngokulinganayo zamabhodi esekethe ethusi esindayo. Amasistimu wokushaja okusheshayo e-DC asebenza ku-400V kuya ku-800V anamaza angaphezu kuka-200A adinga ama-PCB anogqinsi lwethusi oluyi-3oz ukuya ku-10oz ukuze asebenze ngokuphephile, ngokuqhubekayo.

Amamojula wamandla esiteshi sokushaja, amabhodi omshayeli we-contactor, namayunithi okulawula ukuxhumana konke kuyazuza kumthamo wamanje othuthukisiwe nokusebenza okushisayo okuhlinzekwa ukwakhiwa kwethusi esindayo. Ukumelana nogesi okuncishisiwe emithonjeni yethusi ewugqinsi kunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwamandla, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwesiteshi sokushaja.

Ukuphathwa Okushisayo Ezicelweni Zokushaja

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokushaja ngokushesha zizuza ikakhulukazi kubuchwepheshe be-Heavy Copper PCB ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho okudlulele kokuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo kwalezi zinhlelo. Izikhathi zokushaja zenza ukushisa okubalulekile okufanele kuhlakazeke ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuwohloka kwemishini.

Izendlalelo zethusi ezisindayo zisebenza njengezisabalalisi zokushisa ezihlanganisiwe, ziqhuba amandla okushisa kude nezingxenye ezibalulekile futhi ziwasabalalise ezindaweni ezinkulu. Leli khono lokuphatha ukushisa lenza iziteshi zokushaja zikwazi ukugcina amandla okukhipha alinganisiwe njalo ngaphandle kokugoqa, kunciphisa izikhathi zokushaja futhi kuthuthukiswe ulwazi lomsebenzisi.

Ukucatshangelwa Kokuklama Nokukhiqiza Kwe-Heavy Copper PCB

Ukukhethwa Kokuqina Kwethusi kanye Nomthamo Wamanje

Ukukhetha ukujiya kwethusi okufanelekile kudinga ukuhlaziywa ngokucophelela kwamazinga amanje alindelekile, amazinga okushisa e-ambient, nokwehla kwamandla kagesi okuvumelekile. I-Heavy Copper PCB yezimoto zikagesi ngokuvamile isebenzisa lokhu kucaciswa okulandelayo:

• 4 oz ithusi - Izinhlelo zokusebenza zamanje ezimaphakathi eziphatha i-50A kuya ku-100A umthwalo oqhubekayo ngokusebenza okuhle kokushisayo.
• 6oz kuya ku-8oz yethusi - Amamojula anamandla amakhulu angaphezu kuka-100A ukusebenza okuqhubekayo adinga ukuchithwa kokushisa okuthuthukisiwe.
• 10 oz ithusi - Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphakeme kakhulu ezinamagagasi aphezulu angaphezu kuka-200A ezidinga umthamo omkhulu oshisayo nogesi.

Idizayini yesitaki sesendlalelo kufanele ibhekane nokulawulwa kokuphazamiseka, izidingo zesignali yobuqotho, kanye nokushisa ngokubeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe kokubili ukusebenza kukagesi nokushisayo kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenza.

Ukulawulwa Kwenqubo Yokukhiqiza

Ukukhiqiza amabhodi ethusi asindayo kudinga ukulawulwa okunembile kokufakwa kwe-electroplating ukuze kufezwe ukusatshalaliswa kwethusi okufanayo kuzo zonke izindawo zamaphaneli kanye nangaphakathi kwezimbobo ezimboziwe. Ukuqapha inqubo okuthuthukisiwe kuqinisekisa ukujiya kwethusi okuhlala njalo kuzo zonke izindlela zokukhiqiza ngenkathi kugcinwa ukubekezelelana okuqinile.

Amapharamitha wokukhiqiza abalulekile ahlanganisa ukulawulwa kwamakhemikhali okugeza okugeza, ukwenziwa ngcono kwamanje kokuminyana, kanye neshejuli yokuzungezisa iphaneli ukuvimbela ukuhluka kogqinsi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-post-plating kuqinisekisa ukufana kwethusi ngokuhlaziywa kwezigaba ezihlukene kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-microstructure.

Ukuhlolwa Kokwethenjelwa Nokuqinisekisa

I-PCB ye-Automotive-grade Heavy Copper ihlola ukwethembeka okuphelele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zomhlaba wangempela:

• Ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo - Ukuhlola okuphakathi kuka -40°C no-125°C kuqinisekisa ubuqotho obuhlangene be-solder nokuhambisana kwempahla ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elidlulele.
• Ukuhlolwa kokudlidliza - Ukulingiswa kokucindezeleka komshini kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesici sethusi esiwugqinsi ngaphansi kwamaphrofayili okudlidliza abangelwa umgwaqo.
• Ukucabanga okushisayo - Ukuhlola okungabhubhisi kukhomba izindawo ezishisayo futhi kuqinisekise ukusatshalaliswa okushisayo kuyo yonke imihlangano enabantu abaningi.

I-Highleap Electronics isebenzisa izilawuli zekhwalithi eziqinile ezihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwamandla e-peel, ukuhlaziywa kwe-microsectioning, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kukagesi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ibhodi ngalinye lihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokwethembeka kwezimoto ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa.

Isiphetho

I-Heavy Copper PCB yezimoto zikagesi iletha amandla kagesi, ukuphathwa kwe-thermal, nokuthembeka kwemishini kwezinhlelo zamandla zesimanje ze-EV kanye nesidingo sengqalasizinda yokushaja. Kusukela ekuphathweni kwebhethri nokulawulwa kwemoto kuya eziteshini zokushaja ngokushesha, lawa mabhodi esekethe ayisipesheli anika amandla umsebenzi osebenza kahle kakhulu ochaza ukuhamba kukagesi. Inhlanganisela yezendlalelo zethusi eziwugqinsi, ukukhiqizwa okunembayo, nokuhlola okuqinile kuqinisekisa ukuthi ugesi wezimoto obalulekile usebenza ngokuthembekile kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenza ezinzima.

Amakhono Okukhiqiza Athuthukile we-Highleap Electronics:

• Ibanga logqinsi lwethusi – ithusi elingu-3oz ukuya ku-12oz elinokulawula ukujiya okunembile nokusabalalisa okufanayo ezindaweni zamaphaneli.
• Ikhwalithi yezinga lezimoto - Izinqubo eziqinisekisiwe ze-IATF 16949 ezinezivumelwano zokuhlola eziphelele zezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-EV.
• Ukuthuthukisa idizayini - Ithimba lonjiniyela elinolwazi lisebenzisana ekulingiseni okushisayo, ukuhlaziya umthamo wamanje, kanye nokwakhiwa kwesitaki.
• Ukushintsha ngokushesha - Ukuhlelwa kokukhiqiza okuguquguqukayo kusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-prototype kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza umthamo.

Xhumana ne-Highleap Electronics ukuze uxoxe ngezidingo zakho ze-Heavy Copper PCB zamaphrojekthi ezimoto zikagesi. Amakhono ethu okukhiqiza kanye nobuchwepheshe kusiza ukusheshisa isikhathi sakho sokuthuthukiswa ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa amabhodi wesekethe athembekile, asebenza kahle kakhulu ezicelo zezimoto ezidinga kakhulu.