Ibhodi le-PCB Lokukhiqiza Isikhulumi se-Bluetooth

I-Highleap Electronics ikhiqiza ibhodi le-PCB lemiklamo yezipikha ze-Bluetooth — iletha ukwakheka okuphelele kusuka ku-PCB engenalutho ngamayunithi ahlanganisiwe futhi ahlolwe abathuthukisi behadiwe bomhlaba wonke. Siphatha ukwenziwa, ukutholakala kwe-Bluetooth SoC, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-SMT, kanye nokuhlolwa komsindo okuqinile ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wakho uhlangabezana nezindinganiso zemakethe zomhlaba wonke.

Leli khasi lihlanganisa lokho esikukhiqizayo, okwenza ibhodi le-PCB lezinhlelo zokusebenza zesipikha se-Bluetooth lihluke ngokomthetho ekuhlanganisweni okujwayelekile kwe-elekthronikhi, kanye nalokho esikuhlolayo ngaphambi kokulethwa emhlabeni wonke. Ukuze uthole imithetho yokubeka izingxenye, ukwakheka kwe-RF, kanye nesiqondiso sokuhlanganiswa kwezingqimba, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu wokuklama we-PCB wesipikha se-Bluetooth.

1. Amabhodi e-PCB Ezipikha ze-Bluetooth Esizakhayo

Sakha ibhodi le-PCB lemikhiqizo yesipikha se-Bluetooth ngezigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko. Ngayinye inezincazelo zebhodi ezihlukile eziqhutshwa amandla okukhipha kwesipikha, usayizi wokuvala, kanye nezidingo zemakethe eziqondiwe.

Imiklamo engaphandle kwalezi zigaba ayiyona inkinga. Sithumelele amafayela akho e-Gerber kanye ne-BOM futhi sizoqinisekisa ukuthi singayakha yini. Iningi lemiklamo yokuqala isukela ekubuyekezweni kwe-DFM iye kumodeli ethunyelwe zingakapheli amasonto amabili, isekela amaqembu okuthuthukisa i-agile emhlabeni jikelele.

Ukuze uthole ama-multi-driver kanye nama-crossover configurations angaphandle kweyunithi eyodwa ye-Bluetooth, ikhasi lethu lokukhiqiza i-speaker PCB lihlanganisa amabhodi e-amplifier, amabhodi e-DSP, kanye nokwakhiwa okuphelele kwesistimu yomsindo.

2. Yini Eyenza La Mabhodi Ahluke Ekwenziweni

Ibhodi le-PCB lesipikha se-Bluetooth akuyona isekethe ejwayelekile yama-elekthronikhi asetshenziswa ngabathengi. Lithwala izindawo ezintathu ezingahambisani ngogesi ebhodini elilodwa — futhi indlela lezo zindawo ezisebenzisana ngayo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokuhlanganiswa idala izindlela zokwehluleka ezingekho emabhodini edijithali ajwayelekile.

Imvelo ye-RF kanye nendawo yomsindo we-analog kungcolisa. I-Bluetooth SoC ishintsha ku-2.4 GHz. I-amplifier ye-Class D ishintsha ku-300–500 kHz. Uma ibekwe eduze kakhulu, ama-harmonics okushintshana kwe-amplifier anciphisa ukuzwela kokwamukela kwe-SoC — okubonakala njengobubanzi be-Bluetooth obuncishisiwe, hhayi njengokuphazamiseka kokuhlanganiswa. Ukubuyekezwa kwe-DFM kubamba lokhu ngaphambi kokwenziwa. I-assembler engenawo amandla e-DFM ithumela amabhodi aphumelela ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo kodwa ahluleke ensimini ngaphezu kwamamitha ama-5, okubeka idumela lomkhiqizo wakho engcupheni ezimakethe zasendaweni.

Izingxenye ze-Bluetooth SoC zithinta kakhulu isikhathi sokulethwa. I-Qualcomm (QCC3040, CSR8635), i-Realtek (RTL8763E), kanye ne-Nordic Semiconductor (nRF52832) zonke zinezikhathi zokulethwa ezishintsha ngokushesha kuye ngemijikelezo yesidingo somhlaba wonke. Umhlinzeki othola i-SoC yakho ukutshela isikhathi sokulethwa esiqinisekisiwe ngaphambi kokuthi ufake i-oda. Umhlinzeki ohlanganisa amabhodi kuphela ubuyisela kuwe ingozi yochungechunge lokunikezwa.

Iphrofayili yokugeleza kabusha kwebhodi lesipikha se-Bluetooth ayikwazi ukuba yinto evamile. Iphedi yokushisa eveziwe ye-Bluetooth SoC kanye ne-PowerPAD ye-Class D amplifier inesisindo esihlukile sokushisa kanye namazinga okushisa ahlukene aphansi oku-solder. Iphrofayili yokugeleza kabusha eyodwa elungiselelwe izingxenye ezingasebenzi izoshisa amaphedi e-SoC amancane - akhiqiza amabhodi lapho i-Bluetooth ihlangana khona kodwa isiteshi esisodwa somsindo singekho noma singenasikhawu.

Lezi yizici ezenza ukuthi ukukhiqiza ibhodi le-PCB elisezingeni eliphezulu lezinhlelo zokusebenza zesipikha se-Bluetooth kuzuze eqenjini elilodwa lokukhiqiza elilawula ukwenziwa, ukutholakala kwezingxenye zomhlaba wonke, kanye nokuhlanganiswa ndawonye.

3. Izidingo Zokuhlanganisa Ezihlukile Kumsindo We-Bluetooth

Izinselele zokuhlanganisa ebhodini le-PCB lezikhulumi ze-Bluetooth zigxile ekuhlanganisweni kwe-Bluetooth SoC, i-amplifier ye-Class D, kanye nesekethe yokuphatha ibhethri ehlanganyela ibhodi elilodwa.

Ukumbozwa kwephedi eveziwe ye-Bluetooth SoC: ubuncane obungu-70–80%. I-Bluetooth SoC epakishwe nge-QFN inephedi enkulu eveziwe ngaphansi kwayo. Ukumbozwa kwe-paste okungaphansi kuka-70% kudala izikhala ezandisa ukumelana nokushisa futhi ziphakamise izinga lokushisa lokusebenza - i-SoC ifinyelela umkhawulo wayo we-throttle yokushisa ngesikhathi sokudlala komsindo okuqhubekayo ngevolumu ephezulu. Siqinisekisa ukumbozwa nge-3D SPI ngaphambi kokuba ibhodi ngalinye lingene kuhhavini.

Amabhuloho enethiwekhi yokufanisa i-RF: ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokuhluleka kuyaphuthelwa. Ibhuloho lokudayisela phakathi kwama-pad amabili aseduze kunethiwekhi yokufanisa i-RF lisusa i-antenna impedance ku-50Ω. Ibhodi lidlula ukuhlolwa kwamandla, kodwa ububanzi be-Bluetooth buyehla kusuka kumamitha ayi-10 kuya kumamitha angu-3-4. Uhlelo lwethu lwe-AOI luhlola ngqo ama-pad enethiwekhi yokufanisa i-RF ukuze kutholakale amabhuloho, ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuthembekile kwabasebenzisi bokugcina emhlabeni jikelele.

Ukuqondiswa kwe-inductor yesihlungi sokukhipha se-Class D. Ama-inductor amabili esihlungi sokukhipha ebhodini le-amplifier ye-Class D kumele afakwe ngokuvundlile komunye nomunye. Imibhangqwana yokubeka ngokulingana ishintsha amandla abuyele endleleni yesignali yomsindo, iphakamisa umsindo wokukhipha. Kumele kuqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa kokujikeleza kwe-AOI.

Iphrofayili yokugeleza kabusha: okungenani ama-245°C emzimbeni we-SoC imizuzwana engama-30–60. Siphrofayili nge-thermocouple ngqo kwiphakheji ye-SoC. Ukushisa okungaphansi kokushisa kudala ukwehluleka kokuhlanganiswa komsindo okuvamile: ukubhanqa okulungile kwe-Bluetooth kodwa ukuphuma komsindo esiteshini esisodwa kuphela.

Ukuze kulawulwe inqubo elawula izigaba zokukhipha ze-Class D, insiza yethu yokuhlanganisa i-audio amplifier ihlanganisa lokhu ngokugcwele.

4. Ukuhlolwa Komsindo kanye ne-RF Kokuthobela Imithetho Yomhlaba Wonke

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlanganiswa kwe-PCB okuvamile akwanele ebhodini le-PCB lamadivayisi esipikha se-Bluetooth. Lawa mabhodi adinga ukuhlolwa okuqondene nomkhiqizo okuqinisekisa ukuthi isigaba se-RF, isigaba somsindo, kanye nesigaba sokuphathwa kwamandla konke kusebenza ngokwezidingo, okuqinisekisa ukuhambisana ne-FCC, CE, kanye nezinye izindinganiso zomhlaba wonke.

Ukuhlolwa kwebanga kanye nokuhlolwa komsindo weziteshi ezimbili kusebenza kuyunithi ngayinye. Ukuhlolwa kwe-THD, impendulo yemvamisa, kanye ne-SNR kusebenza ezihlokweni zokuqala futhi kuyatholakala uma kuceliwe ukuze kuthathwe amasampula okukhiqiza. Kuzikhulumi zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile ezihlanganisa i-Bluetooth ne-Wi-Fi, ukuhlolwa kokuhlalisana kuyimpoqo futhi siyakwandisa ukuze kufakwe i-5 GHz Wi-Fi esebenzayo ngasikhathi sinye.

5. Izikhathi Zokuhola Zomhlaba Wonke, Amanani, kanye Nendlela Yoku-oda

Sisebenzisana nabahlinzeki bezokuthutha bamazwe ngamazwe (i-DHL, i-FedEx, i-UPS) ukuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo emhlabeni wonke eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu, nangale kwalokho.

Inani elincane kakhulu le-oda: Akukho okuncane kakhulu kokwenziwa kwe-PCB engenalutho. Ukuhlanganiswa kuqala kumayunithi ama-5 ekwakhiweni kweprototype. Intengo yokukhiqiza iqala kumayunithi angama-50.

Yini eqhuba intengo yebhodi le-PCB lezipikha ze-Bluetooth: Inani lezingqimba; ukuqeda ubuso (i-ENIG iyadingeka kumaphakheji e-QFN SoC); izindleko zeyunithi ye-Bluetooth SoC ngobuningi bakho; kanye nezinga lokuhlola.

Okufanele usithumelele kona: Amafayela e-Gerber, i-BOM enezinombolo zezingxenye zomkhiqizi, ifayela le-centroid lokukhetha nokubeka, kanye nobuningi bakho obuqondiwe kanye nesifunda sokulethwa. Sibuyisela isilinganiso esinemininingwane zingakapheli amahora angama-24 ngemiklamo ejwayelekile. Ngezidingo zakho ze-PCB ze-elekthronikhi zabathengi ezibanzi , amakhono ethu ahlanganisa uhla oluphelele lwe-IoT kanye nemikhiqizo yasekhaya ehlakaniphile.

Ukuze uthole imininingwane eningiliziwe ngezindinganiso zokukhiqiza ibhodi elingenalutho, bheka ikhasi lethu lokwenziwa kwe-PCB . Ukuze uthole amakhono okuhlanganisa kuzo zonke izigaba zomkhiqizo, bheka izinsizakalo zethu zokuhlanganisa i-PCB.

Cela iBhodi ye-PCB Yesilinganiso Sesikhulumi se-Bluetooth

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Ungakwazi yini ukukhiqiza ibhodi le-PCB lesipikha se-Bluetooth kusuka kumafayela ami e-Gerber?

Yebo. Thumela amafayela akho e-Gerber, i-BOM, ifayela le-centroid lokukhetha nokubeka, kanye nencazelo ye-stackup. Siqhuba isibuyekezo se-DFM zingakapheli amahora angu-24-48 esihlanganisa ukuhambisana nendawo yokugcina i-antenna, ukubekwa kwe-SoC disacoupling, kanye ne-RF matching network pad geometry — izinkinga ezithile kumabhodi e-Bluetooth ezingahlolwa ngamathuluzi e-DFM ajwayelekile.

Ingabe uthola i-Bluetooth SoC yokwakha kwami ​​emhlabeni jikelele?

Yebo, njengengxenye yesevisi yethu yokuvula i-turnkey. Sithola i-Qualcomm, i-Realtek, i-Nordic Semiconductor, kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-Bluetooth SoC ezivela kubasabalalisi bomhlaba abagunyaziwe. Sihlola ukutholakala futhi siqinisekisa isikhathi sakho sokukhokha ngaphambi kokuthi ufake i-oda.

Yiliphi inani elincane kakhulu le-oda lebhodi le-PCB lokuhlanganiswa kwesipikha se-Bluetooth?

Akukho okuncane kakhulu kokwenziwa kwe-PCB engenalutho. Ama-oda okuhlanganisa aqala kumayunithi ama-5 okwakhiwa kwe-prototype. Uma udinga ibhodi elilodwa lokuthuthukiswa nokuhlolwa, xhumana nathi — siphatha ukwakhiwa okukodwa ngesilinganiso se-prototype ngokuthunyelwa komhlaba wonke. Intengo yokukhiqiza iqala kumayunithi angama-50.

Uqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi ibhodi liyasebenza ngaphambi kokuba lithunyelwe?

Ibhodi ngalinye elihlanganisiwe lidlula esivivinyweni sokusebenza sokuvula amandla: ukuqinisekiswa kokubhanqa kwe-Bluetooth, ukuphuma komsindo kuzo zombili iziteshi, kanye nokuqaliswa kokushaja kwebhethri. Ama-oda esihloko sokuqala afaka nokuqinisekiswa kobubanzi be-Bluetooth kumamitha angu-8. Noma yiliphi ibhodi elihluleka esivivinyweni alithumeli kuze kube yilapho ukwehluleka kutholakala, kulungiswa, futhi kuhlolwe kabusha.

Ungakwazi yini ukusingatha kokubili i-prototype kanye nokuqhutshwa komkhiqizo ngomklamo ofanayo?

Yebo. Ukubuyekezwa okufanayo kwe-DFM, umthombo ofanayo we-Bluetooth SoC, iphrofayili efanayo yokugeleza kabusha eqinisekisiwe ngokumelene nebhodi lakho elithile, kanye nenqubo efanayo yokuhlola umsindo iyaqhubeka kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwendaba yokuqala kuya ekukhiqizweni kwevolumu. Lapho iphrothokholi yakho idlula ekuhlolweni, izimfanelo zokukhiqiza sezivele zibhaliwe.