Umklamo kanye Nokukhiqiza i-PCB ye-USB Dock Yokwandiswa Okusekelwe Ku-Hub
Okuqukethwe
- I-USB Hub, i-USB Dock kanye ne-USB-C Multifunction Dock: Chaza Umkhiqizo Kuqala
- Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesakhiwo Se-USB Esiphezulu kanye Nokulawulwa Kwe-Hub
- Ukucushwa kwe-USB-C, Imodi ye-DisplayPort Alt kanye nokulethwa kwamandla lapho kusebenza khona
- Umzila Wokuhlukaniswa Okusheshayo Okuphezulu kanye Nokuvikelwa Kwe-ESD
- Amandla Echweba Eliphansi, Izindlela ze-PD kanye Nomklamo Wokushisa
- Ukufakwa kanye Nokwakhiwa Kwebhodi Le-USB Dock
- Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenza Kwe-SMT kanye Ne-Port-by-Port
- Isibuyekezo se-OEM RFQ kanye Nomhlinzeki Wokukhiqizwa kwe-USB Dock PCB
I -PCB ye-USB Dock kufanele ichazwe kusukela kusakhiwo se-USB kuya ngaphandle. Kalula nje, yandisa uxhumano olulodwa lwe-USB oluya phezulu lube ngamachweba amaningi e-USB angezansi . Amachweba e-USB-C anekhono elingcono angangeza i-DisplayPort Alt Mode, ukulethwa kwamandla, i-Ethernet, izifundi zamakhadi noma umsindo ngokusebenzisa izilawuli ezengeziwe.
Lokhu kuhlukile ekuphatheni yonke i-dock ye-USB njengesiteshi esigcwele se-laptop. Imiklamo ephezulu ye-USB-A kanye ne-USB-C inamathuba ahlukene, futhi ngisho ne-dock ye-USB-C ayisekeli ngokuzenzakalelayo ividiyo, ukushaja i-host noma izibonisi eziningi.
I-Highleap Electronics isekela amabhodi edokhi asekelwe ku-USB ngokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB yehabhu le-USB , ukwenziwa okusheshayo, ukuhlanganiswa, ukutholakala kanye nokuhlolwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo esichazwe amakhasimende.
1. I-USB Hub, i-USB Dock kanye ne-USB-C Multifunction Dock: Chaza Umkhiqizo Kuqala
Ihabhu le-USB landisa kakhulu amachweba edatha le-USB. Idokhi le-USB livame ukwengeza ezinye izixhumi eziwusizo ezizungeze ukwakheka kwehabhu. Idokhi ye-USB-C eminingi ingasebenzisa amakhono e-Type-C njenge-DisplayPort Alt Mode noma i-Power Delivery uma abalawuli bayo kanye nomsingathi ongaphezulu bebasekela.
Ihabhu le-USB limane landise uxhumano olulodwa lwe-USB lube ngamachweba amaningi e-USB; idokhi le-USB livame ukwengeza eminye imisebenzi efana ne-Ethernet, okukhiphayo kokubonisa noma izifundi zamakhadi; idokhi ye-USB-C eminingi ingasebenzisa nama-Alt Modes kanye nokulethwa kwamandla. Lezi zigaba ziyahlangana emakethe, ngakho-ke isihloko se-PCB kumele sichaze ukwakheka okuqondiwe ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngokukhiqiza. Ngaphandle kwalokho kuyingozi yokunikeza imisebenzi yokubonisa noma yokushaja emikhiqizweni esebenzisa idatha ye-USB kuphela.
Umngcele wohlobo lomkhiqizo
| Uhlobo | Umsebenzi oyinhloko | Izengezo ongazikhetha |
|---|---|---|
| Isikhungo se-USB | I-USB ekhuphukayo iye emachwebeni amaningi e-USB aphansi | Ukuphathwa kwamandla nge-port ngayinye. |
| Idokhi ye-USB | Ukunwetshwa kwe-USB kanye nemisebenzi engeyona i-USB | I-Ethernet, umsindo, isifundi sekhadi, ukuguqulwa kwesibonisi. |
| Idokhi yemisebenzi eminingi ye-USB-C | Uhlobo-C oluphezulu olunokunwetshwa kwe-USB | Imodi ye-DP Alt, i-PD, amachweba engeziwe e-Type-C, kuye ngomklamo. |
| I-Thunderbolt/USB4 dock | Indwangu yesivinini esiphezulu ehlanganisa iphrothokholi | Imbozwe ngokwehlukana; ayilingani nedokhi ye-USB ejwayelekile. |
Kufektri, le ncazelo iba yimephu yechweba kanye nomdwebo wamabhulokhi. Ikhomba isikhombikubona esingaphezulu, amazinga ehabhu, amachweba angezansi, amabhuloho angakhethwa kanye nezindima zamandla. Lolo lwazi luqhuba uhlelo lokulawula, inani le-BOM kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, i-RFQ ehlelwe kahle kufanele ifake kanye namafayela e-Gerber kanye ne-BOM kunokulindela ukuthi i-assembler yakhe kabusha ukusebenza okuvela ezinyathelweni zokuxhuma.
Ihabhu le-USB likhulisa kakhulu amachweba e-USB; idoko le-USB livame ukwengeza imisebenzi engeyona eye-USB njengokubonisa noma i-Ethernet; idoko le-USB-C elinokusebenza okuningi lingaxoxisana ngamandla noma lisebenzise ama-Alternate Modes. Lawa malebula avame ukuhlanganiswa ekukhangiseni, ngakho-ke ukukhiqiza kufanele kuqale ngencazelo yokusebenza esikhundleni segama lomkhiqizo. I-interface ephezulu, amachweba aphansi kanye nezindima zamandla zinquma abalawuli, uhlelo lokuqondisa kanye nohlelo lokuhlola.
Idokhumenti ewusizo kakhulu umdwebo wamabhulokhi kanye ne-port matrix. Ikhomba ukuthi yiziphi izixhumi ezidlula kusilawuli sehabhu, ezisebenza zisebenzisa amadivayisi ahlukene ebhuloho nokuthi yiziphi izimbobo zohlobo lwe-C ezingumthombo, isinki noma indima embaxambili lapho zisetshenziswa khona. Lokhu futhi kuvimbela ulimi lwesixhumanisi sangaphakathi/i-SEO ukuthi lungabi yisimangalo sobuchwepheshe: lesi sihloko singaxoxa ngemodi ye-DP Alt noma i-PD yokuzikhethela ngaphandle kokusikisela ukuthi yonke i-dock ye-USB iyazihlanganisa.
2. Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesakhiwo Se-USB Esiphezulu kanye Nokulawulwa Kwehabhu
I-upstream interface kanye nesilawuli sehabhu kuchaza indlela yedatha ye-USB etholakalayo. I-USB 2.0 kanye ne-USB 3.x signaling zinezidingo ezahlukene zomzila kanye nokuhlolwa, futhi umkhiqizo ungase usekele izizukulwane ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ukuze kuhambisane nokubuyela emuva.
Indlela ye-USB ekhuphukayo isetha ikhono ledatha elingabiwa yi-hub yonke. Ukukhetha i-Hub-controller, i-crystal/clocking, i-EEPROM noma ukucushwa kwe-firmware, ukusetha kabusha kanye nokumapha kwe-port engezansi konke kudinga ukufana nomklamo okhishwe. Izindlela ze-USB 2.0 kanye ne-SuperSpeed zingase zihambisane kodwa zibe nezidingo zomzila ezihlukene kakhulu, ngakho-ke akufanele zixoxwe 'njengesignali ye-USB' eyodwa ejwayelekile.
I-MPN yokulawula, iwashi lokubhekisela, ukucushwa kwe-EEPROM/firmware kanye nokumapha kwe-port engezansi kufanele kulawulwe ngokubuyekezwa. Isilawuli se-hub esishintshayo asisona isinqumo sokuthenga esithathwa uma sishintsha i-firmware, ukwabiwa komzila, ukuziphatha kwamandla noma ukuhambisana komshayeli.
Ukukhiqiza kumele futhi kulondoloze ama-resistor e-strap e-hub-controller, inkumbulo yokucushwa kanye nezingxenye zewashi ezivunyiwe ngoba izinguquko ezincane ze-BOM zingashintsha ukubalwa noma ukuziphatha kwe-port. Ngesikhathi sokwakha isihloko sokuqala, qinisekisa ubunikazi bedivayisi kanye nemephu ye-port ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa okugcwele. Lokhu kubamba amaphutha okucushwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokuphela komugqa, lapho ibhodi lingase libalwe kodwa liveze inombolo engalungile noma uhlobo lwama-port.
I-topology ye-Hub iphinde ithinte ukwabelana nge-bandwidth kanye nokuziphatha kwe-port. Izigaba ze-hub eziqhekekile, amadivayisi ebhuloho langaphakathi kanye nabahumushi bezentengiselwano kungadala ukuncika okungabonakali kusukela ekubalweni kwezixhumi kuphela. Ifektri ayidingi ukuklama kabusha leyo topology, kodwa kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi inani labalawuli abafanele kanye nokucushwa kulayishiwe kumephu ye-port ekhishwe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokuphela komugqa.
Indlela ye-USB engenhla isetha i-bandwidth kanye ne-topology etholakala kuyo yonke indawo yedokhi. Isilawuli sehabhu sisabalalisa ithrafikhi ye-USB kuma-port angezansi futhi singaxhuma kwimisebenzi ye-Ethernet, umsindo noma yokufunda ikhadi nge-USB ngaphakathi. Ngakho-ke iwashi lesilawuli, ama-reference rails, i-EEPROM/ukucushwa kanye nokuqhekeka kwesivinini esikhulu yizici zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko. Isithombe sokucushwa okungalungile noma ingxenye ye-oscillator ingadala ukwehluleka ngisho noma i-soldering iphelele.
Umzila kufanele ulondoloze i-geometry ye-differential-pair, izindiza zokubhekisela kanye nokuqaliswa kwesixhumi okuchazwe umklamo. Uhlelo lokuhlola kufanele luqinisekise ukukhiqizwa kwe-USB okuhlosiwe kusetshenziswa ama-host namadivayisi afanele kunokuhlola nje ukuthi igundane elinejubane eliphansi liyabala yini. Uma umkhiqizo unemisebenzi eminingi ye-bandwidth ephezulu engezansi, ukuhlolwa kwe-NPI ngaphansi kwethrafikhi ngesikhathi esisodwa kungaveza ukusebenzisana kwamandla noma ukushisa okungaphuthelwa ukuhlolwa kwe-port eyodwa.
Indawo yokuhlola izakhiwo
Nge-RFQ, chaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-USB okuhamba phambili bese ubhala ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi engezansi eyabelana ngehabhu. Lokho kuvumela i-Highleap ukuthi ibukeze ukucushwa kwesilawuli, umzila ozwela i-bandwidth kanye nohlelo lokuhlola olungokoqobo.
3. Ukucushwa kwe-USB-C, Imodi ye-DisplayPort Alt kanye nokulethwa kwamandla lapho kusebenza khona
Kwimikhiqizo ye-USB-C, i-PCB ingafaka phakathi ukulawulwa kwe-Type-C/CC noma i-PD , ukuqondiswa kwe-muxing kanye nomzila wemizila wesivinini esikhulu. I-DisplayPort Alt Mode isebenzisa kabusha imizila yesivinini esiphezulu ye-Type-C ye-DisplayPort uma isekelwa; i-USB PD ixoxisana ngamandla ngokuzimela.
Isitsha se-USB-C singasekela idatha eyisisekelo ye-USB kuphela noma inhlanganisela ecebile kakhulu yezindima. Imodi ye-DisplayPort Alt, Ukulethwa Kwamandla e-USB kanye nemisebenzi ye-USB/USB4 yesivinini esiphezulu kuncike emandleni okulawula kanye nomklamo wesistimu. Ngakho-ke lesi sihloko kufanele sisebenzise ulimi olunemibandela futhi sidinge incazelo yendima yephothi yephrojekthi kunokuveza lezi zici njengezihambisana ne-USB-C.
Ngenxa yokuthi la makhono angazikhethela, iphakheji yokukhiqiza kufanele isho ukuthi i-upstream port ingeyedatha kuphela, isekela i-Alt Mode, iyayamukela noma inikeza amandla e-PD, nokuthi yimaphi ama-downstream Type-C port anaziphi izindima. Amalebula e-port kuphela awayona incazelo eyanele yokukhiqiza.
Ungafaki i-USB-C ngokweqile
Isixhumi se-USB-C singaba khona edokini elingasekeli ukushaja komsingathi noma ividiyo. Shicilela futhi uhlole kuphela imisebenzi esetshenziswa ukwakheka komkhiqizo.
Lapho i-Alt Mode noma i-PD ifakiwe, i-PCB ingangeza ukulawulwa kwe-CC/PD, ukuthungwa komzila, ukulungiswa kwesignali kanye nezindlela zamandla aphezulu ezivikelwe. I-Firmware kanye nezingxenye zendlela yesignali ezivunyiwe ziba yingxenye yokucushwa okuqinisekisiwe. Ukuhlolwa kwefektri kufanele kuqinisekise izindlela ezixoxiswane ngazo ezichazwe yikhasimende, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kokuthobela/ukuqinisekiswa kuhlala kuhlukile ekuhlolweni okuvamile kokusebenza kwe-PCBA.
I-USB Type-C yengeza izidingo zokucushwa kanye nokuphathwa kwamandla ngale kwesixhumi esiphendukayo. Amaphini e-CC anquma ukuziphatha kokunamathisela/ukuqondiswa, kuyilapho ukulethwa kwamandla e-USB kanye namaModi Ahlukile kudinga abalawuli abafanele kanye nokusekelwa kwephrothokholi uma kusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, isitsha se-USB-C esisedokini singaba sedatha kuphela, sikwazi ukushaja, sikwazi ukubonisa noma sisebenze imisebenzi eminingi kuye ngomklamo.
Ukukhiqiza kufanele kulawule ukufakwa kwegobolondo lesixhumi se-Type-C, ukuqhekeka komzila ngesivinini esikhulu, inani lezingxenye ze-CC/PD, ukuvikelwa kwe-VBUS kanye nanoma yimaphi amadivayisi e-lane mux/bridge. Ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza kufanele kusebenzise okulindelwe okucacile kwesici nge-port ngayinye. Uma i-port eyodwa ye-Type-C engezansi ingasekeli ividiyo, lokho akulona iphutha; uma enye ihloselwe ukuxoxisana ngamandla, ukuziphatha kwe-PD kufanele kuhlolwe ngemishini echaziwe. Lokhu kugwema ukuhlola ngokweqile noma ukwenza izimangalo zesici ezingasekelwa.
I-Highleap Electronics • Ukukhiqiza i-PCB kanye ne-PCBA
Isibuyekezo Sokukhiqiza se-USB Dock PCBA
Yabelana ngezimfuneko zehabhu, amandla, isixhumi kanye nokuhlolwa kwembobo yokwakha idokhi elawulwayo.
Cela Isilinganiso Sedokhi ye-USB → Xoxa Nge-PCBA Yedokhi ye-USB →
✓ Ukubuyekezwa kwe-DFM kanye ne-DFA ✓ Uhlobo lokuphinda ukukhiqizwa ✓ Ukwenziwa nokuhlanganiswa kwe-PCB
4. Umzila Wokuhlukaniswa Okusheshayo Nokuvikelwa Kwe-ESD
Imizila ye-USB SuperSpeed iyazwela ekuphazamisekeni, ukungaqhubeki kanye nekhwalithi yendlela yokubuyela emuva . Ukuqaliswa kwesixhumi, amadivayisi e-ESD, izingxenye zemodi evamile lapho kusetshenziswa khona, ama-via kanye nokuguqulwa kwezendlalelo konke kunikela esiteshini.
Umzila we-SuperSpeed USB uyazwela ekungaqhubeki kwe-impedance, ama-stubs kanye ne-parasitic capacitance evela ezingxenyeni zokuvikela. Ukuqaliswa kwesixhumi, idivayisi ye-ESD, i-common-mode choke lapho isetshenziswa khona, nge-field kanye ne-controller breakout konke kunegalelo esiteshini. Umenzi kufanele asebenze kusukela ezidingweni ze-stack-up ezikhishwe kanye ne-controlled-net kunokuphatha i-impedance njengokulinganisa kokugcina kwekhuphoni kuphela.
Isitolo sebhodi singakha amabhodi alawulwayo avimbelayo futhi sibukeze izidingo ze-PCB zesivinini esiphezulu ngokumelene nokuqoqwa kwamakhasimende. Ukuvikelwa kwe-ESD kufanele kubekwe futhi kuhlanganiswe ngokwedizayini ekhishwe; ukwengeza amandla amaningi ngokushintsha okungavunyelwe kungathinta imingcele yesivinini esiphezulu.
- Gcina i-geometry yama-differential-pair kanye nezindawo zokubhekisela.
- Nciphisa izingcezu ezingahleliwe kanye nokushintsha kwezingqimba okungadingekile.
- Gcina izinyathelo zokuvikela kanye nezixhumi ziboshelwe ezingxenyeni ezifanele.
- Chaza i-impedance kanye nanoma yiziphi izidingo zekhuphoni/zokuhlolwa kumanothi okukhiqiza.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-ESD nakho kuyingozi yokuthola ulwazi. Ukushintsha idivayisi yokuvikela ngedivayisi enomthamo ohlukile kakhulu noma i-package geometry kunganciphisa i-margin yesivinini esikhulu noma ngabe isilinganiso sayo sokukhuphuka sibonakala sifanelekile. Ngakho-ke, imvume yobunjiniyela kufanele idingeke ekushintsheni indlela yesiginali. Lolu uhlobo lwemininingwane eyenza le ndatshana ibe usizo ngokomsebenzi ekuthengeni esikhundleni sokumane ibhale 'ukuvikelwa kwe-ESD' njengesici.
Chaza ikhono le-USB ngaphambi kwentengo
Sho ukukhiqizwa kwe-USB okuhamba phambili, izinhlobo ze-port eziya phansi, imodeli yebhasi/ezisebenzisayo kanye nanoma yimiphi imisebenzi ye-Alt Mode noma ye-PD ngaphambi kokucaphuna. Lelo shidi elilodwa lokwakha livimbela kokubili ubunjiniyela obuningi kanye nokuntuleka kokumbozwa kokuhlolwa.
Ngamazinga e-SuperSpeed, indlela kagesi ifaka phakathi ukuqhekeka kwephakeji yokulawula, ama-trace e-PCB, ama-via, amadivayisi e-ESD, isixhumi kanye nekhebula. Ukuhlelwa okuhlanzekile kungalahlekelwa yi-margin uma enye idivayisi yokuvikela inomthamo ophezulu we-parasitic noma uma ukwenziwa kushintsha i-stack-up. Ngakho-ke izingxenye ezivunyiwe kanye ne-impedance elawulwayo kufanele kuphathwe ndawonye kunokuba kube yizinkinga zokuthenga ezihlukene kanye ne-PCB.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-ESD kudinga indlela emfushane eya endaweni yokubhekisela/i-chassis ehlosiwe ngaphandle kokudala i-stub eyeqile esignalini yesivinini esikhulu. Ukubekwa ngqo kuyisinqumo sokuklama, kodwa ukuhlanganiswa kufanele kugcinwe futhi kugweme ukulungiswa kabusha okwengeza ama-jumper amade. Uma ikhasimende lidinga izilinganiso zokuhambisana nogesi, lezo kufanele zichazwe ngokwehlukile ekuhlolweni okuvamile kokusebenza kokukhiqiza; ukudlulisa idatha kuyisivivinyo esiwusizo kodwa akufani nesitifiketi sokuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwe-USB esisemthethweni.
5. Amandla Echweba Eliphansi, Izindlela Ze-PD kanye Nomklamo Wokushisa
Ngisho nehabhu le-USB eligxile kudatha lisabalalisa amandla kumadivayisi angezansi. Ama-docks anekhono elingcono angangeza ama-port e-USB-C anamandla aphezulu noma ukushaja kwe-host. Lokho kuguqula umthamo wamanje wesixhumi, ukushintsha kwamandla , ukuvikelwa kanye nama-thermal okulawula kube yizinkinga ze-PCB ephakathi.
Amandla echweba elingezansi kumele ahlelwe ngesabelomali kulo lonke ichweba. Imiklamo esebenzisa amabhasi inqunyelwe yilokho okunganikezwa uxhumano oluphezulu; amachweba asebenzisa amandla ngokwawo angaba namandla atholakalayo kodwa asadinga ukukhawulelwa kwamanje, ukuvikelwa kanye nokuphathwa kokushisa kweqembu ngalinye lechweba. Amachweba angaphansi kohlobo lwe-C nawo angase abe nokuziphatha kwawo kwamanje noma kwe-PD okukhangiswayo kuye ngomklamo.
Izidingo zamandla kufanele zichazwe njengesabelomali se-port ngayinye kanye nesezinga lesistimu. Isitolo sebhodi kanye ne-assembler kungagcina izindlela zethusi kanye nezici zokushisa, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kuqinisekisa ukuziphatha komkhawulo wamanje noma we-PD ngokuya ngemikhawulo yamakhasimende.
Ukubuyekezwa kokushisa kufanele kuhlale kuhlobene nesabelomali samandla esikhishwe kanye nesimo sokulayisha kunokuba kube yisimangalo esijwayelekile mayelana nesilinganiso samandla edokhi ye-USB.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB kufanele kulondoloze izindiza zamandla aphezulu, ithusi lesixhumi kanye nezici zokushisa, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kusebenzisa amacala omthwalo achazwe amakhasimende. Idatha yokudlulisa imbobo ayibonisi ukuthi indlela yayo yamandla ilungile, futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage engenamthwalo akubonisi ukwabelana kwamanje ngaphansi kwamadivayisi amaningi. Ukuchaza inhlanganisela yomthwalo omele i-NPI kunikeza ubunjiniyela ubufakazi obuqine kakhulu ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwevolumu.
Amandla e-port angaphansi angaba yingxenye ebalulekile ye-USB dock ngisho nangaphandle kokushaja i-laptop enamandla aphezulu. Ama-port amaningi angadonsa amandla kagesi ngasikhathi sinye, ngakho-ke ukushintsha komthwalo, amadivayisi anomkhawulo wamanje, izixhumi kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwethusi kumele kulinganiswe ngomklamo futhi kukhiqizwe kabusha ngabakhi. Ukuhlolwa okuhlola i-VBUS engenamthwalo kuphela kungaphuthelwa ukwehla kwamandla kagesi noma izinkinga zokushisa ngaphansi komthwalo wangempela we-peripheral.
Lapho kusetshenziswa i-PD, izindlela ze-voltage/zamanje ezixoxiswanayo kanye nesiqondiso samandla kufanele kubhalwe phansi ngokucacile. I-PCB ingaba nezizinda zamandla eziningana ezinezidingo ezahlukene zokuvikela nokuzwa. Ngesikhathi se-NPI, kala amachweba alayishiwe amele bese ukhomba izingxenye ezilawula ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa. Lolu lwazi lungaqondisa ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwesampula ekukhiqizweni ngaphandle kokudinga ukuthi yonke iyunithi idlule isikhathi eside emanzini ashisayo.
Indawo yokuguqula amandla/ukuhlolwa
Uma i-USB dock yakho inika amandla amadivayisi amaningana angezansi noma ixoxisana nge-PD, faka ukuqagela kwamandla/amandla nge-port ngayinye ku-RFQ. I-Highleap ingabuyekeza izindlela zethusi futhi yakhe ukuhlolwa komthwalo okubonisa i-SKU ehlosiwe.
6. Ukufakwa kanye Nokwakhiwa Kwebhodi Le-USB Dock
Ukubalwa kwezingqimba okulungile kuncike enanini lemizila ye-SuperSpeed, izibonisi/izixhumi zenethiwekhi ezingakhethwa, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kanye nendawo yamabhodi. Ihabhu elincane le-USB lingaba lula kakhulu kunedokhi ye-USB-C enezici eziningi yize zombili zihlose igama elingukhiye elithi “dokhi ye-USB”.
Inani lezingqimba zedokhi ye-USB lincike esivinini sedokhi, ubuningi besilawuli kanye nemisebenzi yokubonisa/inethiwekhi ongayikhetha. Ihabhu elula ingaba nesilinganiso esincane; idokhi enemisebenzi eminingi ingadinga izindiza eziningi zokubhekisela kanye nezingqimba zokuqondisa. I-stack-up kufanele igcine ama-SuperSpeed pair eseduze nezinkomba eziqhubekayo, inikeze ukuguqulwa kwamandla ithusi elanele futhi igweme ukudala ukuhlukana kwezindiza ngaphansi kwemizila ebucayi.
Sebenzisa ubunzima bezingqimba eziningi, ngokusebenzisa kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zokuqina kwesignali kanye nobuningi obukhishwe. Ububanzi bokukhiqiza bungasekela ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB yezingqimba eziningi uma kudingeka ngomklamo.
Ukubuyekezwa kokwenziwa kufanele futhi kucabangele ubuningi bomphetho wesixhumi kanye nokuba bushelelezi komshini. Izixhumi ezinkulu ze-USB-A, Type-C, HDMI noma ze-Ethernet zingabeka ingcindezi emphethoni webhodi, futhi ukwakheka okungefani kwethusi noma okunciphile kungathinta ukulingana. Isu lokufaka amaphaneli, amathuluzi kanye ne-depanel kufanele kuvunyelwane ngaphambi kwe-NPI ukuze izinkinga zokuqondanisa izixhumi zingatholakali kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwe-enclosure.
Amanothi okwenziwa kufanele abonise ukuthi yimaphi ama-differential pairs adinga i-impedance elawulwayo, yiziphi izimbobo noma izimbobo ezinqunyelwe, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini umkhawulo wokulahlekelwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ocacisiwe. Lokhu kuvimbela ibhodi le-hub elingabizi kakhulu ukuthi lingakhiwa ngokweqile njengomklamo we-Thunderbolt ngenkathi lisanikeza i-USB dock enemisebenzi eminingi izilawuli zayo ze-SuperSpeed kanye nezindlela zokubonisa ezizidingayo ngempela.
Ukwakhiwa kwebhodi le-dock le-USB kufanele kuqhutshwe umzila wejubane eliphezulu kanye nobuningi besixhumi. I-stack-up evamile yezingqimba eziningi inganele; isilawuli esiminyene noma indawo ebiyelwe encane ingavumela ama-vias angaboni noma i-HDI. Umdwebo wokwenziwa kufanele ucacise noma yimaphi amanethi alawulwayo okuvimbela ukuvimba, izidingo zokujiya okuqediwe kanye nezikhala noma imiphetho ebalulekile ngomshini ezungeze izixhumi.
Ibhalansi yethusi ibalulekile ngoba amabhodi edokhi angaqukatha ukuthululwa kwamandla amakhulu eduze kwezindawo ezincane ezinesivinini esikhulu. Ukusatshalaliswa kwethusi okungalingani kungafaka isandla ekushintsheni kwe-bow/twist noma i-plating, okube sekuthinta ukulungiswa kwesixhumi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-fine-pitch. Ukwakheka kwamaphaneli kufanele kuvikele izixhumi eziphumayo futhi kunikeze ukwesekwa okwanele nge-SMT. Le mininingwane yokukhiqiza ivame ukuba nethonya elikhulu ekuvuneni kunokwandisa nje inani lezingqimba.
7. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-SMT kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-Port-by-Port
Ukuhlanganiswa kuhlanganisa amahabhu/abalawuli, amadivayisi kagesi, izingxenye ze-ESD kanye nezixhumi ezilayishwe ngomshini. Ukuhlolwa kwengxenye yokuqala kufanele kuqinisekise uhlobo lwesixhumi, ukuqondiswa, inani lezinketho kanye nokucushwa okuhleliwe ngaphambi kokuba inqwaba iqhubeke.
Ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokuhlanganisa kufanele kubonise ingxube yezilawuli ze-hub/bridge eziqondile, izingxenye ezincane ze-ESD, amadivayisi kagesi kanye nezixhumi ezinkulu. Ukuqinisekiswa kwengxenye yokuqala kuwusizo ikakhulukazi kumabhodi amaningi ngoba izixhumi ezifanayo noma ama-array e-ESD aphindaphindwayo angalayishwa ngokungalungile ezindaweni eziningi. Imisebenzi yesibili yokugoqa noma yesandla kufanele ikhonjwe ngokucacile kumhambi kunokuba ishiywe ekuchazeni komqhubi.
Uhlelo lokuhlola i-USB dock kufanele lubale yonke imbobo efakiwe. Hlola ukuxhumana kwe-USB 2.0/3.x njengoba kufanele, bese uqinisekisa ngokwehlukile imisebenzi ye-Ethernet, isibonisi, umfundi wekhadi, umsindo noma i-PD ongayikhetha. Ukukhiqiza kungenza ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo kusuka ezinqubweni nasezintweni ezichazwe amakhasimende.
Ukwahlukaniswa kokuhlolwa
Imbobo enikeza i-5 V ayidlulisi idatha ye-USB ngempela, kanti imbobo ye-USB-C ebala idatha ayidlulisi ividiyo noma iphrofayili ye-PD eceliwe ngempela. Hlola umsebenzi ngamunye ngokucacile.
Ukuhlolwa kokuphela komugqa kufanele kuhambisane nemephu yembobo ekhishwe: ukubalwa komfula okuphezulu, imbobo ngayinye ye-USB engezansi, izixhumi ze-Ethernet/display/card ezingakhethwa kanye nemisebenzi yamandla. Uma i-PCB isekela ama-SKU amaningi, isofthiwe yokuhlola kufanele ifunde noma inikezwe uhlobo olufanele ngakho amambobo angenawo abantu ngamabomu angenzi ukwehluleka okungamanga. Imiphumela elandelekayo iyasiza futhi ukuhlukanisa ukuthi inkinga yensimu iqondene ne-interface noma ibanzi.
Ingxube yokuhlanganisa ifaka i-hub/controller IC, amaswishi/abalawuli bamandla, ama-ESD arrays, ama-oscillator, ama-passive kanye nezinhlobo eziningana zezixhumi. Ukubuyekezwa kwengxenye yokuqala kufanele kuqinisekise izingxenye zokucushwa kwesilawuli kanye nezinombolo zezingxenye zesixhumi ngoba amaphakheji afanayo angasekela izindima ezahlukene zikagesi. I-AOI kanye ne-X-ray zimboza ikhwalithi ye-solder, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kokuhlanganiswa kwemishini kuqinisekisa indawo yesixhumi.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-port-by-port kufanele kufake isixhumanisi esingaphezulu kanye nomsebenzi ngamunye ophansi. I-fixture eqinile ingasebenzisa amadivayisi e-loopback noma ama-peripheral aziwayo edatha ye-USB kanye nokuhlola okuhlukile kwemisebenzi ye-Ethernet/yokubonisa uma ifakiwe. Qopha ukwehluleka nge-port kanye nemodi ukuze imbangela ilandelwe ekuhlanganisweni kwesixhumi, ukushintsha kwamandla, ukucushwa noma ukuziphatha kwesiteshi esinejubane elikhulu kunokuba "ukuhluleka kwe-dock" okuvamile.
8. Isibuyekezo se-OEM RFQ kanye Nomhlinzeki Wokukhiqizwa kwe-USB Dock PCB
I -USB Dock PCB RFQ kufanele isho isixhumi/uhlobo oluphezulu, izizukulwane ze-USB, imephu yembobo engezansi, izindima zohlobo C, izidingo ze-Alt Mode/PD, abalawuli abangakhethwa, i-stack-up kanye ne-test matrix. Lokhu kuvimbela ukucaphuna okujwayelekile ekufihleni ubunzima bangempela bedokhi.
Isiphetho
Ubunjiniyela bedokhi ye-USB buqala ngokwakhiwa kwehabhu/idatha ye-USB. Imisebenzi eyengeziwe yokubonisa, inethiwekhi kanye nokushaja kufanele yengezwe kuphela lapho isethi yangempela yesilawuli izisekela khona, okugcina leli khasi lihlukile kokubili kokuqukethwe kwesiteshi sokudonsa esijwayelekile kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-Thunderbolt-dock.
Ngokuphathelene nokuthola ulwazi, abalawuli be-interface, amadivayisi e-USB-C/PD, izingxenye zokuvikela kanye nezixhumi kufanele zibe nezinye ezilawulwayo ngoba izinguquko zingathinta i-firmware, ukulahlekelwa ngesivinini esikhulu noma ukulingana komshini. Ukushintsha okungashintshi kungaba banzi kuphela ngemva kokubuyekezwa kwamapharamitha kagesi afanele. Izinhlelo zesikhathi eside ziyazuza kwi-firmware/ukucushwa kwesilawuli esikhiyayo kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-EEPROM ekubuyekezweni kwehadiwe.
I-RFQ ephelele kufanele inikeze imodi ye-USB ephezulu, i-matrix ye-port engezansi, izindima zamandla, idatha ye-stack-up/impedance, i-BOM/CPL, i-firmware/ukucushwa kanye nezidingo zokuhlola ukusebenza. I-Highleap ingabe isicaphuna ukwenziwa, ukuhlolwa kokuhlanganiswa kanye ne-interface ngaphandle kokuthatha imisebenzi yokubonisa, i-Ethernet noma i-PD engekho. Ku- PCB ye-USB Dock , le ncazelo eqhutshwa yiphrothokholi kanye ne-port iyisihluthulelo sokunemba kobuchwepheshe kanye nokucaca kwezentengiselwano.
Iphuzu lokuguqulwa kwe-RFQ
Thumela umdwebo webhulokhi kanye ne-matrix yesici se-port ngayinye kanye namafayela okukhiqiza. I-Highleap ingawasebenzisa ukuhlonza ukuncika kwesivinini esikhulu, amandla kanye nokuhlola bese ibuyisela ikhotheshini ye-PCBA yedokodo le-USB enembe kakhudlwana.
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Ungasithola kanjani isilinganiso sama-PCB
Ake siqhube ukuhlaziywa kwe-DFM/DFA bese sibuyela kuwe nombiko. Ungalayisha amafayela akho ngokuphephile ngewebhusayithi yethu. Sidinga ulwazi olulandelayo ukuze sikunike isilinganiso:
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- Gerber, ODB++, noma .pcb, spec.
- Uhlu lwe-BOM uma udinga ukuhlangana
- Ubuningi
- Isikhathi sokushintsha
Ngezinsizakalo ze-PCBA, sicela unikeze i-BOM yakho (I-Bill of Materials) kanye nanoma yimiphi imiyalelo ethile yomhlangano. Siphinde sinikeze ukuhlaziya kwe-DFM/DFA ukuze uthuthukise imiklamo yakho ukuze yenziwe futhi ihlanganiswe, ukuqinisekisa inqubo yokukhiqiza eshelelayo.