I-MCPCB yezimoto | Ukwethembeka Ngaphansi Kwezimo Ezidlulele

Isingeniso: Izinselele ezishisayo ku-Automotive Electronics

Amasistimu e-automotive electronics asebenza ezindaweni ezidingeka kakhulu lapho izinga lokushisa lingedlula ku-125°C ngaphansi kwezimo ze-hood, kuyilapho ngasikhathi sinye ebekezelela ukudlidliza okungaphezi, ukushintshashintsha komswakama, nokuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo. Lezi zimo ezinzima zidala izinselele ezibalulekile zokuphatha ukushisa okuthinta ngokuqondile ukuthembeka kwengxenye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwesistimu.

Ubuchwepheshe be-MCPCB yezimoto buvele njengesixazululo esibalulekile, bunikeza amakhono aphezulu okususa ukushisa agcina ukusebenza okuzinzile ngisho nalapho amabhodi wesekethe avamile ehluleka. Amandla okudlulisa ukushisa ngempumelelo kude nezingxenye ezibucayi asebalulekile njengoba ama-elekthronikhi ezimoto enyuka ngobuningi bamandla kanye nobunzima, okwenza izixazululo ze-PCB zensimbi zibe yinto ebalulekile ekuphathweni kokushisa kwezicelo zama-elekthronikhi ezimoto.

Kungani I-MCPCB Yezimoto Isebenza Kakhulu Kwezinto Zomdabu ze-PCB

I-Metal Core Printed Circuit Boards inokwakheka okuhlukile kwezendlalelo ezintathu ezihlanganisa ungqimba lwesekethe yethusi, isendlalelo se-dielectric esihambisa ukushisa, kanye nesisekelo sensimbi esingaphansi ngokuvamile esenziwe nge-aluminium noma ithusi. Lokhu kwakhiwa kwehluke kakhulu kumabhodi ajwayelekile e-FR4, ancike ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ze-fiberglass-epoxy ezinokuphatheka kabi kwe-thermal cishe okungu-0.3 W/mK.

Imiklamo ye-MCPCB yezimoto ifinyelela ukuqhutshwa kokushisa okusuka ku-1.0 kuye ku-8.0 W/mK kuye ngezinto ezikhethiwe ze-dielectric, okuvumela ukushisa kugeleze ngokuqondile kusendlalelo sesisekelo sensimbi lapho sihlakazeka khona ngokushesha. Izinzuzo zokusebenza zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphakama kwe-thermal - Ukushabalalisa ukushisa amazinga okushisa afika ku-26 ngokushesha kune-FR4, ehlisa ngokuqondile amazinga okushisa okuhlangana kwengxenye futhi andise impilo yokusebenza.
• Ukuzinza kwemishini – Ingxenye engaphansi yensimbi eqinile inikeza ukuzinza okukhethekile ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokushisa, inciphisa i-warpage nokugcina ukuqondanisa okunembayo kwengxenye kuyo yonke impilo yokusebenza kwebhodi.
• Ukumelana kokudlidliza - Ukwakhiwa kwe-Metal core kuvimbela ukuguquguquka kwebhodi okuvame ukubangela ukwehluleka kokuhlangana kwe-solder ezintweni ezijwayelekile ze-PCB ngaphansi kokudlidliza kwezimoto njalo.

I-Core Automotive MCPCB Application Areas

Amayunithi Okulawula Injini kanye Nokuphathwa kwamandla

Amayunithi Okulawula Injini (ECUs) asebenza ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lemoto, lapho ukuphathwa kwe-thermal ku-automotive electronics kufuna kakhulu. Ama-transistors kagesi, izilawuli, nezilawuli ezincane zikhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu okushintshwayo, futhi ukuchithwa okunganele kungaholela ekubalekeni okushisayo noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu.

Imihlangano ye-MCPCB yezimoto—imvamisa esekwe ku-aluminium—yakha indlela yokushisa eqondile ukusuka ezingxenyeni kuya ku-chassis noma ku-heatsink. I-ECU eklanywe kahle kusetshenziswa isendlalelo se-dielectric esingu-2.0 W/mK ingafinyelela ukumelana ne-junction-to-case ngaphansi kuka-2°C/W, uma kuqhathaniswa no-8–10°C/W kumadizayini we-FR4.

Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zifaka:

• Indlela eshisayo emfishane - Ukugeleza kokushisa okuqondile ngesisekelo se-aluminium kugcina amazinga okushisa okuhlangana aphephile.
• Impilo yengxenye enwetshiwe - Ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi kuvimbela ukushisa nokunciphisa.
• Ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu - Ukudlulisa ukushisa okuthuthukisiwe kusekela imiklamo ye-ECU ehlangene, enokwethenjelwa kakhulu.

I-Automotive Lighting Systems ene-MCPCB Technology

Amalambu e-LED, ama-DRL, namalambu angemuva adinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kokushisa ukuze kugcinwe ukukhanya nokuzinza kombala. Njalo ngokukhuphuka okungu-10°C kwezinga lokushisa le-junction ye-LED kungafinyeza ubude bempilo ngokufika ku-50%, kugqamisa ukubaluleka kokusabalalisa ukushisa okusebenzayo.

Imiklamo ye-PCB yokukhanyisa izimoto isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-metal core iqinisekisa ukudluliswa kokushisa okuphumelelayo nokungaguquguquki kokubona. Izakhiwo ze-MCPCB ezisekelwe ku-aluminium ezisekelwe ku-aluminium ngokuvamile zisebenzisa imaskhi ye-solder emhlophe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuyilapho kusiza ukushabalala kokushisa.

Izinzuzo zedizayini:

• Ukusebenza kokubona okuzinzile - Izinga lokushisa elilawulwayo lokuhlangana ligcina umbala nokukhanya.
• Umsebenzi we-heatsink ohlanganisiwe - I-Metal substrate isusa izendlalelo ezihlukene ze-interface ezishisayo.
• Ukuhlanganiswa okwenziwe lula - Izinto ezimbalwa kanye nokuxhumana kuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside.

Amamojula Amandla kanye Nezinhlelo Zokushayela Kagesi

Izimoto zikagesi nezehybrid zithembele kuziguquli ze-DC-DC, iziguquli, namamojula okushayela aphatha amakhulukhulu ama-ampere. Lawa mamojula amandla adinga ukushisa okukhethekile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle futhi kuvimbele ukucindezelwa kwengxenye.

Imihlangano ye-MCPCB yezimoto yamamojula wamandla ihlanganisa amasekhethi ethusi amanje aphezulu nezisekelo zensimbi ezihambisa ukushisa. Izixazululo ze-MCPCB ezisekelwe ethusi ziletha ukusebenza okushisayo okuphakeme kokuminyana kwamandla okwedlulele.

Amaphuzu avelele okusebenza:

• Ukuziphatha okuphezulu okuphezulu - Ama-Copper cores afinyelela ku-400 W/mK, kude kakhulu kunezinye izindlela ze-aluminium.
• Ukuphatha kwamanje okuthuthukisiwe - Izendlalelo zethusi eziwugqinsi zisekela imisebenzi yokushintsha umthwalo osindayo.
• Idizayini enamandla amakhulu - Inika amandla amasistimu okushayela amancane, alula, nasebenza kahle naphezu kwezindleko eziphezulu.

Ukuthembeka kwe-MCPCB Yezimoto Ngaphansi Kwezimo Ezidlulele

Izindawo zezimoto zibeka obala ama-elekthronikhi ekushiseni okukhulu, ukudlidliza, kanye nomswakama. Izisombululo ezithembekile ze-PCB eziwumgogodla wensimbi kumele zigcine ukusebenza okuzinzile ngaphansi kwalezi zici zokucindezeleka ezihlanganisiwe:

• Ukubekezela kokuhamba ngebhayisikili - Isinda -40 ° C kuya +150 ° C ekuguqukeni phakathi kwezinkulungwane zemijikelezo ngaphandle kokuncipha noma ukulahleka kokusebenza.
• Ukuqina komshini - Imelana nokudlidliza kusuka ku-10 Hz kuya ku-2000 Hz kuze kufike ku-30g ukusheshisa nge-ISO 16750 ngayinye.
• Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo - Imelana nokugqwala kanye nomswakama ngokuqedwa okuphezulu okuphezulu nobuqotho bezinto ezibonakalayo.

Ukusebenza Kwebhayisikili Eshisayo

Imihlangano ye-MCPCB yezimoto ibekezelela ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okungapheli kuyo yonke impilo yemoto. Ukwanda okushisayo okungafani phakathi kwezinto kungabangela ukubola noma ukukhathala kwe-solder uma kungalawulwa.

Izakhiwo ze-Metal core PCB zinciphisa lobu bungozi ngokumataniswa kwempahla okuthuthukisiwe. Ama-Aluminium substrates (≈23 ppm/°C) asondelene namasekhethi ethusi (≈17 ppm/°C), ehlisa ingcindezi ye-CTE uma kuqhathaniswa ne-FR4, enwebeka ifike ku-70 ppm/°C ku-axis ye-Z. Iziqu ze-AEC-Q200 ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kokushisayo nogesi ngemijikelezo yokushisa engu-1000+.

Izici eziyinhloko zokuthembeka:

• Ukuqondanisa kwe-CTE okulungiselelwe - Yehlisa ukungezwani okunwetshiwe futhi ivimbele ukuqhekeka noma ukubola.
• Ukuzinza Thermal – Igcina ubuqotho bukagesi ngaphansi kokuhamba kwamabhayisikili -40°C ngokuqhubekayo ukuya ku-+150°C.
• Iziqu zezimoto ezifakazelwe - Ihlolwe nge-AEC-Q200 ngayinye ukuze kuthotshelwe ukwethembeka isikhathi eside.

Ukuqina Komshini kanye Nokumelana Nokudlidliza

Imiklamo ye-MCPCB yezimoto ihlinzeka ngokuqina kwesakhiwo okumelana nokukhathala okubangelwa ukudlidliza. Ngokungafani namabhodi e-FR4, isisekelo sensimbi sivimbela ukuguquguquka, okuvame ukuholela emajoyini e-solder aqhekekile noma ukulandelela ukuphuka.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ISO 16750 kukhombisa ukuthi ama-metal core assemblies abekezelela ukuvezwa kokudlidliza okugcwele ngaphandle kokwehluleka komshini. Isendlalelo sesisekelo esiqinile siphinde siqede isidingo sezisekelo ezengeziwe zemishini, ukwenza ukuklama kube lula nokunciphisa isisindo sohlelo.

Izinzuzo zedizayini zimelana nokudlidliza:

• Isisekelo sensimbi esiqinile - Ivimbela ukuguquguquka kwebhodi nokukhathala kwe-solder.
• Izingxenye zesakhiwo ezincishisiwe - Yehlisa ukukhwezwa kwehadiwe kanye nesisindo esiphelele.
• Ukwethembeka okungaguquki - Igcina ubuqotho bemishini kuyo yonke impilo yemoto.
• Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo

Ukwakhiwa kwe-MCPCB yezimoto kunikeza ukuzivikela okuqinile emswakama namakhemikhali. Ukuqeda okungaphezulu okufana ne-OSP, i-ENIG, noma izembozo ze-conformal kuvikela iminonjana yethusi kanye nezinsimbi ezingaphansi komhlaba ekugqwaleni.

Isisekelo sensimbi ngokwaso sisebenza njengesithiyo somswakama, sivimbela ukungena komhwamuko okuvamile ku-FR4 ngaphansi komswakama ophezulu. Ukukhiqizwa ngaphansi kwamazinga e-IATF 16949 kuqinisekisa ukulandeleka kwezinto, ukulawulwa kwenqubo, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo engaguquki.

Izinyathelo zokwethembeka kwemvelo:

• Isisekelo sokuvimbela umswakama - Imisa i-delamination ebangelwa umswakama kanye nezindlela zokuvuza.
• Ukuphela kokuvikela - I-ENIG, i-OSP, kanye nama-coatings avikela i-oxidation nokugqwala.
• Ukukhiqiza okuqinisekisiwe - Ukuthobela kwe-IATF 16949 kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphindaphindwayo kwebanga lezimoto.

Ukucatshangelwa Kokuklama Nokukhiqiza kwe-MCPCB Yezimoto

Onjiniyela abathuthukisa imihlangano ye-MCPCB yezimoto kufanele balinganisele izici ezimbalwa ezincintisanayo ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza okushisayo ngenkathi behlangabezana nezindleko kanye nemikhawulo yokukhiqiza. Imingcele yedizayini ebalulekile ihlanganisa:

• Ukwenza ngcono isendlalelo se-Dielectric - Ukukhethwa kokuqina phakathi kuka-50 μm no-150 μm okulinganisa ukumelana nokushisa ngokumelene nezidingo zokuhlukaniswa kwamandla kagesi.
• Ukukhetha impahla ye-substrate - Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-aluminium ukuze uthole izixazululo ezingabizi kakhulu kanye nethusi lezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenza ezishisayo ezishisayo.
• Ukuhambisana kokuqedwa kobuso - Ukukhetha i-ENIG yamandla okubopha izintambo noma i-OSP ukuze uthole izindleko zevolumu ephezulu.
• Umklamo womzila oshisayo - Amasu okubeka izingxenye anciphisa ukuhlangana okushisayo futhi asuse izindawo ezishisayo zendawo.

Ukulingisa ukushisa kusetshenziswa ukuhlaziywa kwezinto ezilinganiselwe kufanele kwenzeke ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokuklama ukuqinisekisa amasu okusabalalisa ukushisa ngaphambi kokuzibophezela kuma-prototypes. Izingxenye ezibalulekile zidinga ukuhlaziywa kokubekwa ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izindawo ezishisayo zendawo zihlala ngaphakathi kwemingcele eyamukelekayo.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwesampula yebhodi ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela zokusebenza kuqinisekisa ukuthi idizayini ihlangabezana nezinhloso zokwethenjelwa futhi ihlonze noma yikuphi ukulungiswa okudingekile ngaphambi kokuba ukukhiqizwa kwevolumu kuqale. Lesi sigaba sokuqinisekisa sibonakala sibalulekile ukuze kugwenywe ukuphindaphinda kwedizayini ebizayo ngemva kokutshala imali ngamathuluzi.

Isiphetho: Ukuqinisekisa Ukwethembeka Kwesikhathi Eside Kuzinhlelo Zezimoto

Ubuchwepheshe bezimoto ze-MCPCB busekela ukuphathwa okushisayo okuthembekile ezimotweni zesimanje, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kuwo wonke ukulawulwa kwamandla, ukukhanyisa, nezinhlelo zokushayela ugesi. Inhlanganisela yayo ye-thermal conductivity ephezulu, ukuqina kwemishini, nokumelana nemvelo kwenza ukusebenza okungaguquki ngaphansi kwezimo zezimoto ezimbi kakhulu.

Njengoba ukuminyana kwamandla kanye nobunkimbinkimbi besistimu bukhula, izixazululo ze-PCB eziwumgogodla wensimbi ezithuthukisiwe ziba zibalulekile ekugcineni ukwethembeka nokuhlangabezana namazinga embonini okuqina nokuphepha. I-Highleap Electronics iletha izixazululo ze-MCCBB yezinga lezimoto nge:

• Ukuthembeka okuqinisekisiwe - Ukukhiqizwa okuqinisekisiwe kwe-IATF 16949 okunezinto ezigcwele kanye nokulandeleka kwenqubo.
  
• Ubuchwepheshe bomklamo oshisayo - Izitaki ezilungiselelwe kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-dielectric ukuze kudluliselwe ukushisa okusebenzayo.
• Ukwesekwa okuphelele kobunjiniyela - Ukusuka ekuhlolweni kwe-prototype kuya ekukhiqizeni umthamo.
• Ukuhlukahluka kohlelo lokusebenza - Izixazululo ezenzelwe ukulawula injini, ukukhanya kwe-LED, namamojula okuphatha amandla.

Uzakwethu ne-Highleap Electronics ukuze kuthuthukiswe imihlangano ye-MCPCB ehlangabezana nezidingo ezinzima zezindawo zezimoto nokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesistimu yesikhathi eside.