Umklamo Wokuhlolwa Kwe-PCB: Umbhede Wezinzipho, I-Flying Probe, kanye ne-DFT

I-PCB test fixture iyi-jig eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ebamba ibhodi elihlanganisiwe bese icindezela ama-probe agcwele intwasahlobo ezindaweni zayo zokuhlola ukuze umhloli akwazi ukuhlola ibhodi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Yilokho okwenza ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza okusheshayo nokuphindaphindekayo kwenzeke — kodwa i-fixture isebenza kuphela uma ibhodi yaklanywa kucatshangwa ukufinyelela kokuhlola. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi iyini i-test fixture, ukuthi izindlela zokubeka izinzipho kanye nezindlela zokuhlola ezindizayo zihluke kanjani, ukuthi ungaklama kanjani ibhodi ukuze lihlolwe, nokuthi i-Highleap Electronics yakha futhi ihlole kanjani amabhodi ngesu elifanele le-fixture.

1. Iyini i-PCB test fixture?

I-PCB test fixture iyi-jig eyakhelwe ngokwezifiso ebamba ibhodi elihlanganisiwe ngendlela eqondile futhi icindezela uhla lwezikhonkwane "ze-pogo" ezifakwe entwasahlobo kuma-test pads ayo, ixhuma ibhodi nemishini yokuhlola ukuze ihlolwe ngokuzenzakalela. Yindlela yokuxhumana phakathi kwebhodi lakho elithile kanye nomhloli, futhi yilokho okuvumela umugqa ukuqinisekisa amakhulu amabhodi afanayo ngokushesha nangokungaguquguquki.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu yi-bed-of-nails fixture, lapho amashumi noma amakhulu ezikhonkwane ze-pogo zihambisana namaphuzu okuhlola ukuze umhloli we-in-circuit akwazi ukukala izingxenye ngazinye, noma umhloli osebenzayo angasebenzisa ibhodi lonke. Ngenxa yokuthi yonke into ifakwa ngomshini futhi ixhunywe ngezintambo ukuze kube nokwakheka kwebhodi elilodwa, ithwala izindleko zangaphambilini - yingakho ukukhetha phakathi kwendlela ezinikele kanye nendlela engenazo izikhonkwane (ehlanganiswe ngokulandelayo) ngokuyinhloko kuyindlela engabizi kakhulu eqhutshwa yivolumu.

2. I-Bed-of-nails vs i-flying probe: yikuphi ukuhlolwa okulingana nomthamo wakho?

Sebenzisa isithako esisembhedeni wezinzipho ukuze uthole umthamo wokukhiqiza lapho ijubane laso linciphisa khona izindleko zesithako, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-flying-prototypes kanye nomthamo ophansi lapho ukugwema izindleko zesithako kubaluleke kakhulu kunesivinini. Lezi zindlela ezimbili zishintshana ngezindleko zangaphambilini nesikhathi sokuhlola sebhodi ngalinye:

Isithako esisebenza ngezinzipho asikwazi ukunqotshwa uma usakha amabhodi anele ukuze sinciphise ubungozi baso, kuyilapho isivivinyo se-flying-probe singadingi isithako futhi silungele kusenesikhathi, lapho umklamo ungase ushintshe futhi inani lincane. Imikhiqizo eminingi iqala nge-flying probe yama-prototypes bese idlulela kwesinye isithako ukuze ikhiqizwe. Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwe-in-circuit, zombili zingahlanganiswa nokuhlolwa okusebenzayo okusebenzisa ibhodi ngendlela umkhiqizo wokugcina ozokwenza ngayo.

3. Indlela yokuklama ibhodi lokufinyelela ukuhlolwa (i-DFT)

Yakha ukuze kuhlolwe ngokubeka amaphedi okuhlola afinyelelekayo kuyo yonke inethi ofuna ukuwaphenya, uwagcine ohlangothini olulodwa, uwabeke usayizi futhi uwahlukanise ukuze uthole amaphini e-pogo, futhi ugweme amaphedi ngaphansi kwezingxenye ezinde. I-fixture ingahlola kuphela ukuthi ukwakheka kuveza ini, ngakho ukufinyelela kokuhlola kuyisinqumo sokuklama esenziwe ngaphambi kokuba ibhodi liqandiswe — ukulifaka kamuva kuyabiza noma akunakwenzeka. Okubalulekile:

• Nikeza amaphedi okuhlola. Inethi ngayinye okufanele ihlolwe idinga i-pad ezinikele, efinyelelekayo enobukhulu obanele kanye nereferensi ecacile.
• Gcina ukufinyelela kwe-probe ohlangothini olulodwa. Insimu yokuphenya enohlangothi olulodwa yenza kube lula, kushibhile, futhi kuthembeke kakhulu kunokufinyelela okunohlangothi olubili.
• Hlonipha izikhala kanye nokugcina izinto ziyimfihlo. Izikhonkwane ze-Pogo zidinga isikhala esincane sephedi kanye nokususwa, futhi izingxenye ezinde akumelwe zivale insimu ye-probe.
• Uhlelo lwama-hhuku okuhlola asebenzayo. Izixhumi, ama-header, noma ama-pad avumela umhloli osebenzayo ukuthi ashayele futhi abuke ibhodi ayingxenye yohlelo olufanayo lokufinyelela.

Lo mkhakha uyinhliziyo yomklamo wokuhlolwa , futhi yilokho kanye uhlobo lwento ebanjwa ukubuyekezwa kwangaphambi kokukhiqiza — ibhodi elingenalo ukufinyelela kwe-probe liyinkinga eshibhile kakhulu ukuyilungisa ku-CAD kunangemva kokuba umdlalo usucashuniwe.

4. Izindleko zomdlalo wokuhlola: umdlalo ukhokha nini?

Ithuluzi lokuhlola elizinikele liyakhokhela uma ivolumu yakho yokukhiqiza iphezulu ngokwanele ukuthi isikhathi sokuhlola esisheshayo sethuluzi ngebhodi sisindisa okungaphezu kwezindleko zalo zokwakha kusengaphambili - ngokuvamile ngamanani aphakathi kuya kwaphezulu, kuyilapho amavolumu aphansi eshibhile ukuhlola ngaphandle kwe-fixture. Umnotho wehlela ekuhwebeni okulula: ithuluzi linezindleko zangempela zangaphambili kodwa lihlola ibhodi ngalinye ngemizuzwana, kanti i-flying probe ayinazindleko ze-fixture kodwa ithatha imizuzu ngebhodi ngalinye.

Kumodeli wamabhodi ayi-10, ukwakha i-fixture akuvamile ukuba nengqondo; i-flying probe igwema ukutshalwa kwezimali ngokuphelele. Kumabhodi ayizinkulungwane, isivinini se-fixture semizuzwana ngebhodi sidlula ngokushesha izindleko zayo zokwakha futhi siba inketho eshibhile iyonke. I-crossover incike ebhodini lakho elithile kanye nobuningi, yingakho isu lokuhlola lingcono kakhulu linqunywe kanye nomkhiqizi wakho njengengxenye yokuhlela - ngendlela efanayo ukukhiqiza okunomthamo ophansi kanye nokukhiqiza okunomthamo ophezulu kubiza izindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola. Ukukhetha isu elingalungile kungachitha imali ku-fixture engadingeki noma kuvimbele umugqa wevolumu ephezulu ekuhlolweni okuhamba kancane.

5. Ngaphakathi kwento yokubeka izinzipho: izikhonkwane ze-pogo, amapuleti, kanye nama-probe

Isithako sezinzipho sakhiwe ngezinto ezintathu eziyinhloko: uhla lwezikhonkwane ze-pogo ezifakwe entwasahlobo ezithinta ama-test pad, ipuleti le-probe elibhoboziwe elibamba iphini ngayinye ngendlela eqondile nenhloso yalo, kanye nendlela ecindezela ibhodi phansi kumaphini. Ukuqonda lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani isithako sinembile nokuthi kungani sibiza lokho esikwenzayo - iphini ngalinye libekwa endaweni ethile yebhodi.

Amaphini e-pogo ngokwawo ayinhliziyo yawo. Ngayinye iyi-probe encane egcwele intwasahlobo ecindezela kancane lapho ibhodi licindezelwa phansi, iqinisekisa ukuthintana okuqinile, okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokulimaza iphedi, futhi iza nezitayela ezahlukene zezihloko - imiqhele ebukhali yokubhoboza noma iyiphi i-oxide noma i-flux residue, amathiphu ayisicaba amaphedi egolide - akhethwe ukuze afanele ukuqeda kwebhodi. Amaphini ahlala epuletini elibholwe ngokunemba ngakho ngalinye lihlala ngaphakathi kwengxenye yemilimitha yethagethi yalo, yingakho amaphedi okuhlola edinga usayizi ofanele kanye nesikhala; amaphedi amancane kakhulu noma asondelene kakhulu enza i-fixture ebuthakathaka, engathembekile. Ibhodi libanjwa nge-vacuum noma umshini wokucindezela wemishini ngakho wonke amaphini axhumana ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi i-fixture ixhumanisa lawo ma-contacts emuva ku- in-circuit tester . Ngenxa yokuthi yonke insimu yephini ihlelwe ngokwezifiso kusakhiwo esisodwa, i-fixture iyithuluzi lebhodi elilodwa - isizathu sokuthi izindleko zayo zincishiswa ngaphezu kwevolumu nokuthi kungani amavolumu aphansi ethanda indlela ye -flying-probe engena-fixture esikhundleni salokho.

6. Indlela yokulungisa nokuhlola amabhodi akho e-Highleap

I-Highleap ifanisa isu lokuhlola nomthamo kanye nebhodi lakho — i-probe endizayo yama-prototypes kanye nokugijima okuphansi, izinto zokubeka izinzipho kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kokukhiqiza — futhi ibukeza umklamo wakho wokufinyelela kokuhlola ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe izinto. Ngokuhlolwa kokusebenza kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-in-circuit, amabhodi aqinisekiswa ngokwembozo oyichazayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokho kuvuliwe kanye nokufushane, amanani ezingxenye, noma ukuziphatha okugcwele kokusebenza.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-filtration ifana nokufinyelela okuklanyelwe ebhodini, lokhu kuqala ngokubuyekezwa kokukhiqizwa kanye nokuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwe-turnkey , ngakho-ke ama-test pad angekho noma izindawo zokuhlola ezivinjiwe ziyabanjwa ngaphambi kokuba zibe yinkinga ye-filtration. Uma ucela ikhotheshini, sitshele ivolumu yakho eqondiwe, amaphutha ukuhlolwa okumele kuwabambe, nokuthi ngabe udinga i-in-circuit, i-functional, noma kokubili, ukuze i-filtration efanele kanye nohlelo lokuhlola luhlolwe kusukela ekuqaleni.

7. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Yokuhlolwa Kwe-PCB

Iyini iphinikhodi ye-pogo?

Iphinikhodi ye-pogo iyisivivinyo sokuhlola esifakwe entwasahlobo esine-plunger esicindezelayo lapho sicindezelwa ephepheni, sinikeze ukuthintana okuqinile nokuphindaphindekayo ngaphandle kokulimaza ibhodi. Uhlu lwazo epuletini elibhoboziwe lwakha “izipikili” zesici sezipikili.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-ICT fixture kanye ne-functional test fixture?

I-ICT fixture ihlola ama-net ngamanye ukuze ilinganise izingxenye kanye nokuxhumeka, kuyilapho i-functional test fixture ixhuma kuma-interface wangempela ebhodi — amandla, izixhumi, amasignali — ukuze iyisebenzise njengomkhiqizo wokugcina. Imigqa eminingi yokukhiqiza isebenzisa kokubili ngokulandelana.

Kudingeka zibe nkulu kangakanani izivivinyo ze-fixture?

Ama-test pad kufanele abe makhulu ngokwanele futhi ahlukaniswe ngokwanele ukuze iphinikhodi ye-pogo ihlale ngokwethembeka — ngokuvamile ama-round, avulekile ohlangothini olulodwa anesikhala esivela ezingxenyeni ezinde. Ama-test pad amancane kakhulu noma aqinile kakhulu enza into ebuthakathaka, evame ukwehluleka.

Ungakwazi yini ukuhlola i-PCB ngaphandle kwento yokulinganisa?

Yebo — ukuhlolwa kwe-flying-probe kusebenzisa ama-probe ahambayo angadingi lutho olukhethekile, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-AOI kanye ne-X-ray okungaxhumani ngaphandle kokuthinta ibhodi. Lokhu kuhambisana nama-prototypes kanye nomthamo ophansi; izinto zithola izindleko zazo ikakhulukazi ngamanani aphezulu okukhiqiza.

Ngingazakhela yini isivivinyo sami sombhede wezinzipho?

Kungenzeka ngamabhodi alula asebenzisa ipuleti elibholiwe kanye nezitsha ze-pogo-pin, kodwa ukuqondanisa amaphini ngendlela enembile, ukubhaliswa kwebhodi okuthembekile, kanye nokuxhuma izintambo okuhlala isikhathi eside kunzima ukukwenza ngesandla. Ekukhiqizeni, into eyakhiwe ngobuchwepheshe ithembeke kakhulu.

Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani i-test fixture?

Indwangu eyakhiwe kahle ihlala izinkulungwane zemijikelezo yokuhlola, kanti amaphini e-pogo ayizinto eziguga kakhulu ezishintshwa njalo. Ngenxa yokuthi iboshelwe ekuhlelweni kwebhodi elilodwa, impilo yayo ewusizo iyaphela lapho lokho kubuyekezwa komkhiqizo kushintsha.