Amaphakheji e-QFN vs. QFP: Ukuqhathanisa Okuphelele Komklamo we-PCB

1. Isingeniso

Ukupakishwa kwe-IC kusebenza njengesixhumi esibalulekile phakathi kwama-semiconductor dies namabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe, okuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kukagesi, ukuphathwa kokushisa, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Phakathi kwamaphakheji obuchwepheshe bokufaka i-surface mount (SMT), i-QFN (Quad Flat No-lead) kanye ne-QFP (Quad Flat Package) zimelela izixazululo ezimbili ezamukelwe kabanzi, ngasinye sinikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.

Lesi sihloko sihlola umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwamaphakheji e-QFN vs. QFP, sinikeza onjiniyela nabaklami ulwazi lobuchwepheshe oludingekayo ukuze benze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngokukhetha izingxenye.

2. Izincazelo zePhakheji ye-QFN ne-QFP

2.1 Iyini iPhakheji ye-QFN

I-QFN imele i-Quad Flat No-Lead, iphakheji yokufaka indawo engenamthofu enamaphedi ensimbi avele ebusweni bayo obungezansi kunokuba ibe ngama-lead avele. Iphakheji iveza iphrofayili eyisicaba, ehlangene—ngokuvamile isikwele noma unxande—enokuxhumana kukagesi okwenziwe ngamaphedi azungezayo futhi ivame ukufaka iphedi yokushisa eveziwe ephakathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukushabalaliswa kokushisa. Izinhlobo ezivamile zifaka i-DFN (Dual Flat No-Lead), i-TQFN (Thin QFN), kanye ne-VQFN (Very Thin QFN), ngayinye elungiselelwe isikhala esithile nezidingo zokushisa.

2.2 Iyini iPhakheji ye-QFP

I-QFP , noma i-Quad Flat Package, isebenzisa ama-lead e-gull-wing avela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezine zomzimba wephakheji. Lawa ma-lead abonakalayo agoba phansi nangaphandle, akha ama-solder joints athembekile anama-PCB pads. Amaphakheji e-QFP asekela ama-lead pitches ahlukahlukene asukela ku-0.4 mm kuya ku-1.0 mm, avumela ukubalwa kwamaphini aphezulu afanelekela amasekethe ahlanganisiwe ayinkimbinkimbi kufaka phakathi ama-microcontroller, ama-DSP, nama-FPGA.

3. Umehluko Wesakhiwo Phakathi Kwamaphakheji e-QFN kanye ne-QFP

3.1 Ukucushwa kwe-Lead kanye ne-Pad

Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwamaphakheji e-QFN vs. QFP usekuqondeni kwawo kokuxhumana. Amaphakheji e-QFN asebenzisa ama-pads ensimbi angaphansi adala ukuxhumana okuqondile nezindawo ze-PCB ngesikhathi sokugoqa kabusha—ukuxhumana kuhlala kufihliwe ngaphansi komzimba wengxenye. Amaphakheji e-QFP aqukethe ama-lead ephiko le-gull anwebeka ngokuvundlile ngaphambi kokugoba phansi ukuze ahlangane nobuso bebhodi, ahlinzeka ngama-fillets e-solder abonakalayo alula ukuhlolwa kokukhanya.

3.2 Isici Sefomu kanye Nesikhala Sebhodi

Amaphakheji e-QFN athola izinyathelo ezincane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ze-QFP ezilingana nenani elilinganayo. Ngaphandle kwama-lead angaphandle, i-QFN enamaphini angu-48 ingathatha ama-7×7 mm kuphela kuyilapho i-QFP efanayo idinga ama-10×10 mm noma ngaphezulu kufaka phakathi ubude be-lead. Le nzuzo yobukhulu yenza amaphakheji e-QFN abe yigugu kakhulu kuma-elekthronikhi aphathekayo kanye nemiklamo ye-PCB enobuningi obukhulu lapho izindlu zebhodi zibaluleke kakhulu.

4. Ukusebenza kukagesi nokushisa kwe-QFN vs. QFP

4.1 Izimpawu zikagesi

Amaphakheji e-QFN abonisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu kwemvamisa ngenxa yokungena kwawo okuqondile kanye nomthamo wawo omncane. Izindlela zokuxhuma ezimfushane neziqondile phakathi kwama-die pads kanye nezindawo ze-PCB zinciphisa izakhi ezibangelwa amagciwane, okwenza i-QFN ifaneleke kakhulu kwizinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RF kanye namasekethe edijithali asheshayo asebenza ngaphezu kwe-100 MHz. Amaphakheji e-QFP, anezindlela zawo ezinde zokuhola, ethula ukungena okuphezulu kwe-parasitic okungalimaza ubuqotho besignali ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga kakhulu.

4.2 Ukulawula Ukushisa

Ukusebenza kokushisa kumelela inzuzo ebalulekile ekuqhathanisweni kwe-QFN vs. QFP. Amaphakheji e-QFN ngokuvamile afaka iphedi yokushisa eveziwe ebusweni obungezansi, okudala indlela yokushisa ephikiswa kancane ngqo endizeni yethusi ye-PCB. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kufinyelela amanani okumelana nokushisa aphansi ngokuphindwe kabili kuya kathathu kunamaphakheji e-QFP, athembele kakhulu kumafreyimu e-lead ukuze kuqhutshwe ukushisa. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezigcwele amandla, ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kwe-QFN kuvame ukuba yinto enqumayo.

5. Ukubalwa Kwephinikhodi kanye Nokwazi Kwephakheji

Amaphakheji e-QFN avame ukusekela amaphini angu-8 kuya kwangu-100, kanti umkhawulo ophezulu osebenzayo uvinjelwe yi-pad pitch kanye nobude bepherimitha yephakheji. Amaphakheji e-QFP ahamba phambili ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezibalwe kakhulu, ezivame ukutholakala kusukela kumaphini angu-32 kuya kwangu-200 anezintambo ezincane ezivumela ukuhlangana okukhulu. Amadivayisi ayinkimbinkimbi njenge- microcontrollers ezinkulu , ama-application processors, kanye nama-FPGA avame ukusekela ukupakishwa kwe-QFP lapho ukubalwa kwamaphini kudlula imikhawulo esebenzayo ye-QFN futhi i-BGA ayithandwa.

6. Izinto Okucatshangelwayo Zokuhlanganisa Nokuhlola

6.1 Izidingo Zokushisela

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-QFN kudinga ukwakheka kwe-stencil okunembile kanye nokufakwa kwe-solder paste okunembile njengoba wonke amalunga akha ngaphansi komzimba wephakheji. Ukuvala amalunga e-thermal pad solder kudinga ukulungiswa kwenqubo ngokucophelela. Ukunamathela kwe-QFP kufakazela ukuthethelela okwengeziwe—ama-lead abonakalayo avumela ukuqinisekiswa kwenqubo ngesikhathi sangempela, kanti i-geometry yephiko le-gull ihlanganisa i-solder ngokwemvelo ukuze yakhe ama-fillet athembekile anamafasitela enqubo abanzi.

6.2 Ukuhlolwa Nokusebenza Kabusha

Indlela yokuhlola ihluke kakhulu phakathi kwamaphakheji e-QFN kanye ne-QFP. I-QFN idinga ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray noma i-3D AOI ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yejoyinti le-solder efihliwe futhi ibone ukuvaleka kwephedi yokushisa. Amajoyinti e-solder e-QFP ahlala ebonakala ngokugcwele ukuze kuhlolwe okukhanya okujwayelekile. Ukulungiswa kabusha kusiza ne-QFP—ochwepheshe bangafinyelela kalula futhi baphinde bahambise ama-lead ngamanye, kuyilapho ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-QFN kudinga ukususwa kwephakheji okuphelele kanye nokulungiswa kwendawo.

7. Izimo Zokusebenza Zamaphakheji e-QFN vs. QFP

7.1 Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zephakheji ye-QFN

Amaphakheji e-QFN ahamba phambili kumiklamo evinjelwe isikhala okuhlanganisa ama-smartphone, izinto ezigqokwayo, namadivayisi e-IoT . Ukusebenza kwawo okuphezulu kokushisa nogesi kuwenza akhethwe kumamojula we-RF front-end, ama-IC okuphatha amandla, kanye nezingxenye ze-analog ezivame kakhulu. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibeka phambili i-miniaturization, ukusebenza kahle kokushisa, noma ubuqotho besignali ngokuvamile ziyazuza ekukhethweni kwe-QFN.

7.2 Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zephakheji ye-QFP

Amaphakheji e-QFP asalokhu evame kakhulu kubalawuli bezimboni, ama-ECU ezimoto, kanye nemishini yokuxhumana edinga ukubalwa okuphezulu kwamaphini anokuxhumeka okuthembekile nokungahlolwa. Izigaba zokulingisa kanye nokuthuthukiswa ziyazuza ekufinyelelekeni kwe-QFP kokulungisa amaphutha nokuguqulwa. Izicelo lapho isivuno sokukhiqiza, ukuseviswa kwensimu, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi ebonakalayo kubeka phambili ngokuvamile kucacisa ukupakishwa kwe-QFP.

8. I-QFN vs. I-QFP: Izinzuzo kanye nokulinganiselwa

Ithebula elilandelayo lifingqa ukuhwebelana okubalulekile lapho ukhetha phakathi kwamaphakheji e-QFN ne-QFP:

9. Izibonelo Zokukhetha Ezisebenzayo

9.1 Isikhathi Sokukhetha i-QFN

Inzwa yokushisa enamaphini angu-32 ye-tracker yokufaneleka egqokwayo izuza ekupakishweni kwe-QFN. Isici esincane sokwakheka silondoloza isikhala sebhodi, ukumelana okuphansi kokushisa kuqinisekisa ukufundwa okunembile, kanye nezimbungulu ezincane ezisekela isikhombikubona se-analog senzwa. Ubuningi bokukhiqiza buqinisekisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray.

9.2 Isikhathi Sokukhetha i-QFP

Isilawuli senjini yezimboni esingu-144-pin esiqondiswe ezindaweni ezinzima sikhetha ukupakishwa kwe-QFP. Inani eliphezulu le-pin livumela ukuxhumana okuningi kanye nezidingo ze-I/O. Amajoyinti e-solder abonakalayo avumela ukuhlolwa kwensimu, futhi ama-lead afinyelelekayo avumela ukulungiswa endaweni—izici ezibalulekile zemishini yezimboni elindelwe impilo yenkonzo yeminyaka engu-15+.

10. Isiphetho

Ukukhetha phakathi kwamaphakheji e-QFN vs. QFP ekugcineni kuncike ezintweni eziza kuqala kuhlelo lokusebenza kunokuphakama kwephakheji okungokwemvelo. Amaphakheji e-QFN aletha izinzuzo ezikhangayo ngobukhulu, ukuphathwa kokushisa, kanye nokusebenza kwemvamisa ephezulu, okwenza abe ngcono kakhulu kumadizayini amancane, anamandla amakhulu, kanye ne-RF ezwela kakhulu. Amaphakheji e-QFP anikeza izinzuzo ezisebenzayo ekukhiqizweni, ekuhlolweni, kanye nasekusebenzeni kahle ngenkathi esekela ukubalwa okuphezulu kwamaphini kumadivayisi ayinkimbinkimbi.