Izinto Zokwenziwa Ze-Ceramic Ze-DBC kanye Nomhlahlandlela Wokukhetha

Ukukhetha izinto zobumba ezifanele ze-DBC substrates kuthinta ukushabalaliswa kokushisa, ukufudumala kukagesi, kanye nokuthembeka kwesikhathi eside. Leli khasi liqhathanisa i-alumina Al2O3 aluminium nitride AlN kanye ne-silicon nitride Si3N4 kusetshenziswa idatha yobunjiniyela esebenzayo ukusekela ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-elekthronikhi zamandla kanye nemiklamo ye-PCB yobumba.

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Ama-substrate e-ceramic e-DBC asebenzisa izinto eziyisisekelo ezahlukene ukulinganisela ukuhanjiswa kokushisa, amandla omshini, kanye nezindleko. I-Alumina inikeza ukusebenza okungabizi kakhulu kwezicelo ezijwayelekile, i-aluminium nitride inikeza ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuphezulu kwemiklamo eshisa kakhulu, kanti i-silicon nitride ithuthukisa ukuqina komshini ngaphansi kokujikeleza kokushisa. Ukuqonda lokhu mehluko kusiza onjiniyela ukukhetha inketho efaneleke kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zesistimu kanye nokuhambisana nezinqubo zokwenziwa kwe-PCB ye-ceramic ezansi kanye nemisebenzi ebanzi yokukhiqiza neyokuhlanganisa i-PCB.

Kumaphrojekthi adinga ukwesekwa kokukhiqiza kweprototype noma ivolumu, ungacela ikhotheshini ngqo ngezansi.

Cela ikhodi

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Iyini i-DBC Ceramic Substrate?

I-DBC ceramic substrate ihlanganisa i-ceramic insulating core kanye nama-conductor ethusi aboshwe ngqo. Isendlalelo se-ceramic sinikeza ukuhlukaniswa kukagesi, ukwesekwa kwemishini, kanye nokuhanjiswa kokushisa phakathi kwamadivayisi kagesi kanye nesistimu yokupholisa. Ukuqonda izinketho zezinto ze-ceramic kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kwe-DBC substrate kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza.

Izakhiwo zomzimba zezinto zobumba zinquma ngokuyisisekelo amakhono e-substrate:

• I-Thermal conductivity: Ilawula ukuthi ukushisa kudluliselwa kahle kangakanani kusuka kumadivayisi kagesi kuya ku-heatsink
• I-Coefficient of the thermal expansion (CTE): Kuthinta ukuthembeka ngaphansi kokujikeleza kokushisa uma kungalingani nezinye izinto
• Amandla omshini: Inquma ukumelana nokuqhekeka ngaphansi kokucindezeleka kokushisa nokwemishini
• Amandla e-Dielectric: Ichaza amandla aphezulu okusebenza kwe-voltage

Amapharamitha enqubo ye-DBC ayahlukahluka kuye ngezinto ezenziwe ngobumba, ngayinye idinga amazinga okushisa athile okubopha kanye nemimoya ukuze kube nemiphumela emihle kakhulu.

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2) Izinto Ezivamile Ze-Ceramic Ezisetshenziswa ku-DBC

Izinto ezintathu ze-ceramic zibusa ekukhiqizweni kwe-DBC substrate, ngayinye inikeza izici zokusebenza ezihlukile:

2.1 I-Alumina (Al₂O₃)

I-Alumina ceramics isebenze njengezinto zokusebenza ze-DBC substrates selokhu kwasungulwa ubuchwepheshe. Itholakala ngamazinga okuhlanzeka kusukela ku-92% kuya ku-99.6%, i-alumina inikeza uchungechunge lokuphakelwa oluvuthiwe, ukucubungula okubikezelwayo, kanye namanani okuncintisana. Ibanga lokuhlanzeka elingu-96% limelela ukukhetha okuvame kakhulu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile ze-elekthronikhi zamandla.

Izakhiwo ezibalulekile ze-alumina engu-96%:

• I-Thermal conductivity: 24-28 W/m·K
• I-CTE: 7.1 ppm/°C
• Amandla e-Flexural: 350-400 MPa
• Amandla e-Dielectric: 15-20 kV/mm

2.2 I-Aluminium Nitride (AlN)

I-aluminium nitride inikeza ukuqhutshwa kokushisa okuphezulu ngokuphindwe ka-7-10 kune-alumina, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwezicelo ezidinga ukushisa. I-AlN ceramics esezingeni eliphezulu ifinyelela ukuqhutshwa kokushisa okungu-170-230 W/m·K kuye ngobumsulwa kanye nokucutshungulwa. Lokhu kusebenza kokushisa okumangalisayo kuqinisekisa izindleko eziphezulu zezinto ezisetshenziswayo lapho ukushabalaliswa kokushisa kunciphisa khona ubuningi bamandla.

Izakhiwo ezibalulekile ze-AlN:

• I-Thermal conductivity: 170-230 W/m·K
• I-CTE: 4.5 ppm/°C (ifanelana kahle kakhulu ne-silicon's 2.6 ppm/°C)
• Amandla e-Flexural: 300-350 MPa
• Amandla e-Dielectric: 15-17 kV/mm

2.3 I-Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)

I-silicon nitride inikeza amandla aphezulu kakhulu okusebenza ngomshini kanye nokuqina kokuqhekeka phakathi kwe-DBC ceramics evamile. Ngenkathi ukuhanjiswa kwayo kokushisa kuwela phakathi kwe-alumina ne-AlN, ukumelana kwayo okungavamile nokushaqeka kokushisa kanye nokucindezeleka komshini kwenza ithandwe kakhulu ezindleleni ezidingakalayo zezimoto kanye nesitimela lapho ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kubaluleke kakhulu.

Izakhiwo ezibalulekile ze-Si₃N₄:

• I-Thermal conductivity: 70-90 W/m·K
• I-CTE: 2.6 ppm/°C (ifana kakhulu ne-silicon)
• Amandla e-Flexural: 700-900 MPa
• Ukuqina kokuphuka: 6-7 MPa·m^½

3) I-AlN vs Al₂O₃ vs Si₃N₄ Ama-substrate e-DBC

Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinto zobumba kudinga ukulinganisela izici eziningi zokusebenza ngokumelene nezindleko kanye nokutholakala. Ukuqhathanisa okulandelayo kugqamisa umehluko obalulekile ohlobene nokukhethwa kwe-substrate.

3.1 Usezingeni Lokusebenza Kokushisa

I-AlN > Si₃N₄ > I-Al₂O₃

Ama-substrate e-AlN anciphisa ukumelana nokushisa kwe-junction-to-case ngo-60-70% uma kuqhathaniswa ne-alumina kumajiyometri afanayo. Le nzuzo yokushisa ihumusha ngqo ikhono eliphezulu lokuphatha amandla noma amazinga okushisa aphansi okusebenza.

3.2 Ukubekwa Kwezinga Lokuthembeka Kwemishini

Si₃N₄ > Al₂O₃ > AlN

Ukuqina okukhulu kokuqhekeka kwe-silicon nitride kuyenza imelane kakhulu nokuqhekeka ngenxa yokushaqeka kokushisa noma ukucindezeleka komshini. Ama-substrate e-Si₃N₄ DBC ahlala esinda imijikelezo yokushisa engaphezu kuka-5,000 lapho ama-substrate e-AlN afanayo angase ahluleke ngemva kwemijikelezo engu-3,000.

3.3 Ukubekwa Kwezindleko (Okuphansi Kuya Kokuphezulu)

I-Al₂O₃ < AlN < Si₃N₄

I-Alumina DBC substrates ngokuvamile ibiza ngaphansi ngo-30-50% kune-AlN equivalents, kuyilapho i-Si₃N₄ inentengo ephezulu ngenxa yezidingo zokucubungula i-ceramic eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ubunzima bevolumu kanye nokucaciswa kuthinta kakhulu amanani angempela.

3.4 Ukufana kwe-CTE ne-Silicon

I-Si₃N₄ (2.6 ppm/°C) ≈ I-Silicon (2.6 ppm/°C) < I-AlN (4.5 ppm/°C) < I-Al₂O₃ (7.1 ppm/°C)

Ukufaniswa kwe-CTE okuseduze phakathi kwe-substrate kanye ne-semiconductor die kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kokushisa kuma-solder joints kanye nama-die attach interfaces, okuthuthukisa ukuthembeka ngaphansi kokujikeleza kokushisa.

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4) Ukuqhathaniswa Kokusebenza Kokushisa Nokusebenza Kukagesi

Ukuqonda umehluko wokusebenza kwenani kusiza onjiniyela ukuthi benze izinqumo zokukhetha izinto ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zohlelo lokusebenza. Hlola indawo ebanzi yobuchwepheshe besekethe ye-ceramic ekhasini lethu lokubuka konke kwe-PCB ye-ceramic.

4.1 Ukuqhathaniswa Kokumelana Nokushisa

Ukuze uthole i-substrate ye-ceramic enobukhulu obuyi-1mm enobukhulu obuyi-10mm × 10mm:

• I-Al₂O₃: ~0.42°C/W ukumelana nokushisa
• I-AlN: ~0.05°C/W ukumelana nokushisa
• I-Si₃N₄: ~0.13°C/W ukumelana nokushisa

Lo mehluko uyahlangana lapho kuklanywa amazinga okushisa athile okuhlangana, okuthinta ngqo ukuminyana kwamandla okufinyeleleka.

4.2 Ukusebenza Kwe-Dielectric

Zonke izinto zobumba ezintathu zihlinzeka ngokuhlukaniswa kukagesi okuhle kakhulu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-elekthronikhi zamandla. Okubalulekile okufanele kucatshangelwe:

• I-voltage yokuqala yokukhipha ingxenye: I-AlN ivame ukubonisa i-voltage yokuqala yokukhipha ingxenye ephansi kune-alumina ngobukhulu obulinganayo, okudinga ukucatshangelwa ekwakhiweni kwe-voltage ephezulu.
• Ukumelana nevolumu: Zonke izinto ezintathu zigcina ukumelana >10^14 Ω·cm ekushiseni kwegumbi, zehla kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
• I-tangent yokulahlekelwa: Kubalulekile kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-RF; i-AlN inikeza ukulahlekelwa kwe-dielectric okuphansi kakhulu phakathi kwalezi zitsha zobumba.

5) Ukukhethwa Kwezinto Eziqhutshwa Yisicelo

Ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwe-ceramic kuncike kakhulu ezidingweni zokusetshenziswa. Iziqondiso ezilandelayo zisiza ukufanisa izinto nezinto ezisetshenziswa njalo.

5.1 Khetha i-Alumina (Al₂O₃) Nini:

• Ukuthuthukisa izindleko kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu
• Izidingo zokushisa ziphakathi nendawo (ubuningi bamandla <50 W/cm²)
• Amazinga okushisa okusebenza ahlala ngaphansi kuka-150°C
• Umklamo ungamukela indawo enkulu ye-substrate ukuze kusabalale ukushisa
• Ama-drive ezimoto zezimboni ajwayelekile, izinhlelo ze-UPS, kanye nezinsiza zikagesi ezijwayelekile

5.2 Khetha i-Aluminium Nitride (AlN) Nini:

• Kudingeka ukusebenza okuphezulu kokushisa
• Ubuningi bamandla budlula i-100 W/cm²
• Imikhawulo yobukhulu ivimbela ukusabalala kokushisa nge-alumina
• Amadivayisi e-SiC noma i-GaN wide-bandgap adinga ukupholisa okuthuthukisiwe
• Ama-inverter okudonsa ama-EV, ama-electronics anamandla endiza, kanye nama-amplifiers e-RF avame kakhulu

5.3 Khetha i-Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) Nini:

• Ukuthembeka kokujikeleza kokushisa okukhulu kuyadingeka (imijikelezo engaphezu kuka-5,000)
• Ukusetshenziswa kuhilela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokushisa
• Ukushaqeka komshini kanye nokudlidliza kuyizinto ezikhathazayo kakhulu
• Izikhathi zewaranti ezinde zidinga ukuthembeka okumangalisayo
• Izinhlelo zokudonsa izimoto, ama-inverter ezitimela, kanye nemishini yezimboni ethembeke kakhulu

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6) Ukukhetha i-DBC Ceramic Substrate Efanele

Ukukhethwa kwezinto kudinga ukuhlola izidingo zobuchwepheshe ngokumelene nemingcele engokoqobo. Ukusebenza nomkhiqizi we-DBC substrate onolwazi kunikeza ukufinyelela kobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa kanye nesiqondiso sezinto ezibonakalayo.

6.1 Imibuzo Ebalulekile Okufanele Ixazululwe Ngesikhathi Sokukhetha Izinto

• Lingakanani izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elivumelekile le-junction? Lokhu kunquma ukusebenza kokushisa okudingekayo.
• Iyiphi iphrofayili yokujikeleza kokushisa ezotholwa yi-substrate? Ukujikeleza okunamandla kungadinga i-Si₃N₄ kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izidingo zokushisa zingakanani.
• Yimuphi ugesi osebenzayo odingekayo? Lokhu kunquma ubukhulu obuncane be-ceramic.
• Iyini intengo yeyunithi eqondiwe? Ukukhiqizwa komthamo kungase kuthethelele izinto zokusebenza okuphezulu ngokuthuthukisa isivuno.
• Yiziphi izithiyo zosayizi? Umkhawulo wokusebenza ungadinga i-AlN ukuze kufezwe ukusebenza okuhlosiwe kokushisa.

I-Highleap Electronics inikeza isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe ekukhetheni izinto zobumba, isiza onjiniyela ukulinganisela ukusebenza, ukuthembeka, kanye nezindleko. Amakhono ethu ahlanganisa ukwenziwa kwe-PCB nokukhiqizwa kwe-DBC substrate okuthuthukisiwe, ukusekela amaphrojekthi kusukela kumqondo kuya ekukhiqizweni komthamo.

Ukuze uthole incazelo yamagama kanye nokuqonda okuyisisekelo, vakashela ikhasi lethu lencazelo ye- substrate yethusi eboshiwe ngqo.

Cela Ukubonisana Ngezinto Ezibalulekile