Ntlafatso ea Lihlahisoa tsa Elektronike ka PCB Manufacturing

Ntlafatso ea lihlahisoa tsa elektronike e se e ntse e rarahana le ho feta ha tlhoko ea ts'ebetso e phahameng maemong a manyane e ntse e hola. Bakeng sa lik'hamphani tse ngata, ho kopanya tsebo e tsoetseng pele ea ho etsa PCB le ho kopanya ho bohlokoa bakeng sa katleho. Likamano tsa mahlale tsa tlhahiso, tse thehiloeng qalong ea ts'ebetso ea nts'etsopele, e ka ba phapang lipakeng tsa katleho ea 'maraka le ho hloleha.

Nts'etsopele ea lihlahisoa tsa sejoale-joale tsa elektroniki, haholo tse sebetsang ka maqhubu a gigahertz, e hloka mahlale a tsoetseng pele a PCB le lisebelisoa tse ikhethang. Likhamphani li hloka ho utloisisa hore na tlhahiso e ama bokhoni ba moralo joang, litšenyehelo, le nako ea ho ea 'marakeng ho fihlela katleho.

Hobaneng ha PCB Manufacturing e le Bohlokoa ho Ntlafatso ea Sehlahisoa sa Elektronike

Ha ho tluoa ho nts'etsopele ea lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki, bokhoni ba ho leka-lekanya bokhoni ba ho etsa tlhahiso le merero e meholo ea moralo bo bohlokoa. Meetso e sebetsang ka holimo ho 1 GHz e hloka mamello e nepahetseng e laoloang ea impedance (± 5 ohms), ho latela bophara ba li-micrometer tse 75, le ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa tahlehelo e tlase. Na mekhoa ea hau ea hajoale ea tlhahiso e ka fihlela litlhoko tsee?

Ho boloka botšepehi ba matšoao ho bohlokoa bakeng sa meralo ea maqhubu a holimo 'me ho hloka taolo e hlokolosi ea botenya ba dielectric le taolo ea ho khoroha ha bokaholimo ba koporo. Bokhoni bo tsoetseng pele ba ho etsa PCB, joalo ka boqapi ba Class 6 PCB, boa hlokahala ho fihlela lintlha tsena khafetsa.

Taolo ea mocheso le eona e na le karolo ea bohlokoa, haholo-holo bakeng sa matla a matla a fetang li-watts tse 10 ka sekwere-inch. Ho finyella tsamaiso e nepahetseng ea mocheso ho hloka hore ho behoe sefofane sa koporo ka mokhoa o nepahetseng le mocheso o nepahetseng ka ho kenya ts'ebetsong, tseo ka bobeli li itšetlehileng ka mokhoa oa tlhahiso.

Likotsi tsa Tšehetso e sa Lekaneng ea Tlhahiso ea PCB

Ntle le ts'ehetso ea baetsi ba PCB ba profeshenale, mekhatlo e tobana le likotsi tsa litaba tsa lihlahisoa, ho senyeha ha ts'ebetso, le ho feta ha litšenyehelo tse behang projeke kotsing. Tlhahiso ke motheo o fetolelang litlhaloso tsa moralo ho lihlahisoa tse tšoarehang. Ts'ehetso e sa lekaneng ea tlhahiso ea PCB hangata e lebisa ho tieho le lintlafatso tse theko e boima, ho nyenyefatsa monyetla oa katleho ea 'maraka.

Ka ho sebelisana le baetsi ba PCB ba nang le phihlelo, baetsi ba lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki ba netefatsa hore meralo e ka etsoa, ​​​​e fokotsa liphoso le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso. Tšebelisano pakeng tsa lihlopha tsa meralo le bahlahisi e nolofalletsa phetoho e se nang moeli ho tloha mohopolong ho ea ho sehlahisoa, ho boloka morero o le tseleng ea katleho.

Liphephetso tsa Kopano le Litharollo ho Tsoelo-pele ea Lihlahisoa tsa Elektronike tsa Kajeno

Ha lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki li ntse li kopana, li le matla, 'me li sebetsa ka bongata, kopano ea PCB e fetoha mokhoa o rarahaneng oa boenjiniere o lokelang ho nahanoa ho tloha qalong ea nts'etsopele ea sehlahisoa. Ho tšoara kopano e le taeo e tsamaisoang ke meralo-eseng mohato oa tlhahiso feela-ho thusa ho thibela liphoso tse theko e boima 'me ho nolofalletsa ho fokotsa ho tloha ho prototype ho ea ho tlhahiso ea bongata.

Leqephe lena le akaretsa mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ho tloha lifaeleng tsa mehlala ho ea phetisong ea tlhahiso. Haeba bothata bo potlakileng e le ho rera litšenyehelo tsa pele, sebelisa litheko tsa tekanyetso bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea sehlahisoa ; bakeng sa lingoloa tsa pele le lisampole tsa boenjiniere, hlahloba tlhahiso ea mehlala ea PCB.

Ho beoa ka nepo ha Likaroloana tsa Pitch-Pitch

Likopano tsa sejoale-joale hangata li kenyelletsa liphutheloana tsa BGA, QFN, kapa CSP. Likarolo tsena li hloka ho nepahala ha ho beoa ha li-micron le libaka tse laoloang haholo. Phapang e nyane ho peista ea solder, botenya ba stencil, kapa ho bata ha PCB ho ka lebisa ho:

• Ho se tsamaisane hantle kapa dikarolo tse phaphametseng
• Tombstones ea 0201/01005 passives
• Leqephe la ntoa la PCB ka meralo e mesesane kapa ea maemo a holimo

Mekhoa e metle e kenyelletsa:

• Ho sebelisa mechini ea ho bea e tataisoang ke pono e nang le ± 25μm ka nepo
• Ho ntlafatsa moralo oa li-stencil le khetho ea ho beha bakeng sa botsitso ba rheological
• Ho tsamaisa DFM ho lekola kapele ho tseba likotsi tse amanang le moralo

Mathata a Kopanyo ea Theknoloji e Kopantsoeng

Meralo ea kajeno hangata e kopanya li-SMT, li-sensor tsa MEMS, li-circuits tse feto-fetohang, li-module tsa RF, le likarolo tsa optical. Tsena li hloka ho ts'oaroa ka nepo le maano a hlophisitsoeng a solder.

Litaba tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:

• Tšenyo e tsoang ho li-circuits tse pheta-phetoang
• Phapang ea bophahamo e bakang ho se lumellane ha solder
• Ho beha ka letsoho ho fokotsa chai le ho pheta-pheta

Solutions:

• Sebelisa solder e tsitsitseng kapa e khethiloeng bakeng sa likarolo tse bonolo
• Sebelisana le bafani ba EMS nakong ea khetho ea likarolo
• Etsa kopo ea ho phalla e thusoang ke naetrojene bakeng sa ho nepahala le ho sireletsa mocheso

Tšitiso ea Phatlalatso le Phapanyetsano ea Karolo

Khaello ea likarolo tsa elektronike le ho felloa ke nako ho ka senya nako ea tlhahiso-haholo-holo ka mor'a hore li-BOM li phetheloe.

Mathata:

• Linako tse etellang pele tsa libeke tse 30-52 bakeng sa li-ICs tsa mantlha kapa li-capacitor
• Kotsi ea liphapanyetsano tse sa lumellaneng kapa tse sa netefatsoang
• Litaba tsa boleng le tsa maiketsetso tse tsoang mehloling e sa lumelloang

Maano a proactive:

• Hlalosa AVL (Lethathamo la Barekisi ba Amoheletsoeng) ka mefuta e meng e netefalitsoeng
• Beha pele mehala ea likarolo tsa likoloi kapa tsa indasteri
• Sebetsa le balekane ba EMS ba fanang ka ponelopele ea thepa le tlhokomeliso ea kotsi

Tlhahlobo le Boleng ba Tlhokomelo ka Ntle ho Licheke tse Bonahalang

Ha boima ba kopano bo ntse bo eketseha, tlhahlobo ea pono ha e sa lekana. BGA le liphutheloana tse kopaneng tse patiloeng li hloka tlhahlobo e tsoetseng pele le liteko.

Likotsi tse tloaelehileng tsa ho hloleha:

• Solder voids kapa marokho a sa bonahaleng ntle le X-ray
• Manonyeletso a batang/mapetso a bakang ho hloleha ha masimo ka nako e itseng
• Khaso e sa lekaneng ea tlhahlobo ka lebaka la litlhophiso kapa merero e sieo

Lisebelisoa le mekhoa e khothalletsoang:

• AOI (Automated Optical Inspection)
• Litšoantšo tsa X-ray bakeng sa manonyeletso a solder a patiloeng
• ICT le FCT bakeng sa khokahano le netefatso ea sistimi e felletseng
• SPC le li-traceable QA li tlaleha ho netefatsa botsitso ba ts'ebetso

Hobaneng ha Kopano e Lokela ho Qala ka Monahano oa Moralo

Liqeto tsa kopano li ama ka kotloloho melao ea moralo, khetho ea likarolo, boitšoaro ba mocheso, le tlhahlobo. Ho tšoara kopano e le mosebetsi oa boenjiniere - eseng feela mosebetsi oa feme - ho bula:

• Ho tšepahala ha lihlahisoa tse phahameng
• Lipotoloho tse potlakileng tsa ntlafatso
• Litefiso tse tlase tsa ho sebetsa hape le ho hloleha ha masimo
• Phetoho e bonolo ho tloha ho prototype ho ea ho tlhahiso e felletseng

Tšebelisano Pakeng tsa Moralo le Tlhahiso ho Ntlafatso ea Lihlahisoa tsa Elektronike

Ts'ebetsong ea ntlafatso ea lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki, hangata ho na le karohano lipakeng tsa boenjiniere ba meralo le ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso. Lihlopha tsa meralo li shebana le ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso - ho sutumelletsa li-processor tse potlakileng, matla a phahameng a matla, le lintlha tse thata haholoanyane - ha lihlopha tse hlahisang lihlahisoa li etelletsa pele chai, taolo ea litšenyehelo, le phetisetso ea ts'ebetso. Ho se nepahale hona ho ka baka tieho ea ho hlahisoa ha sehlahisoa, ho eketseha ha litšenyehelo tsa ntlafatso, le ho se tšepahale ha sehlahisoa.

Ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa tsa sejoale-joale e hloka mokhoa o kopaneng haholoanyane. Likhamphani tse etellang pele tsa elektroniki hona joale li kenyelletsa lintlha tsa tlhahiso methating ea pele ea moralo oa sehlahisoa. Tšebelisano e haufi-ufi le boqapi ba PCB le balekane ba kopano nakong ea moralo e netefatsa hore litlhoko tsa motlakase, mocheso le mochini li leka-lekana le ho etsoa. Tokiso ena ea pele e fokotsa lipotoloho tsa tlhophiso bocha 'me e nolofalletsa prototyping ka potlako, haholo-holo bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki tsa lebelo le phahameng tsa dijithale, RF, kapa tsa motlakase.

E 'ngoe ea mehlala ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke taolo ea mocheso. Lisebelisoang tse nyane tsa IoT, li-converter tsa motlakase, kapa lisebelisoa tsa komporo ea moeli, meroalo e phahameng ea mocheso e hloka khokahano ea maano lipakeng tsa sebopeho sa PCB , sebaka sa likarolo, moralo oa sefofane sa koporo, le ho qhala ha mocheso boemong ba enclosure. Tshebetso e sebetsang ea mocheso ha e itšetlehe feela ka ketsiso, empa hape le lits'ebetsong tsa tlhahiso ea lefats'e la 'nete, ho kenyeletsoa ts'ebeliso ea thepa ea sebopeho sa mocheso, taolo ea profil ea reflow, le kopanyo ea heatsink.

Qetellong, lekhalo lipakeng tsa morero oa moralo le bokhoni ba tlhahiso e ka koaloa ka ho khothaletsa puisano ea pele le e tsoelang pele lipakeng tsa boenjiniere le lihlopha tsa tlhahiso. Ka ho sebelisana le bafani ba EMS ba nang le phihlelo le bahlahisi ba PCB ba utloisisang mekhoa e metle ea tsamaiso ea lihlahisoa tsa elektronike, lihlopha tsa nts'etsopele li ka finyella nako e potlakileng ea ho rekisa, ho tšepahala ho ntlafetseng, le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsohle tsa beng.

Litlhoko tsa ho Kopanya Mechini ho Tsoelo-pele ea Lihlahisoa tsa Elektronike

Ke Hobane'ng ha Ho Kopanya Mechini ho Bohlokoa ho Tsoelopele ea Lihlahisoa tsa Elektronike

Likhetho tsa meralo ea mochini li susumetsa ka kotloloho hore na sehlahisoa sa elektroniki se ka phela tikolohong ea sona ea ts'ebetso le ho fihla 'marakeng ka nako. Lintlha tsa sebopeho se thata, lithibelo tsa mocheso, le liteko tsa taolo kaofela li kopana sebakeng se koaletsoeng. Haeba ho kopanngoa ha mechine ho nkoa e le mohopolo oa morao-rao, liphetoho tsa morao-rao li fetoha tse ke keng tsa qojoa le tse theko e boima.

Ho Kopana le Maemo a Tikoloho le a Tiiso

Mananeo a mangata a ntlafatso ea lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki a tlameha ho khotsofatsa IP67 kapa litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa ts'ireletso. Ho fihlela sena ka ts'epo ka tlhahiso ea molumo ho hloka taolo e nepahetseng ea khatello ea gasket, liphetho tse ts'oanang tsa bokaholimo, le torque e pheta-phetoang kapa lits'ebetso tsa ultrasonic-weld. Ka nako e ts'oanang, lipehelo tsa khokahano ea motlakase hangata li hloka ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso ka holimo ho 80 dB ho fihla ho 18 GHz. Sena se tsamaisa liqeto mabapi le li-gaskets tse tsamaisang, li-plastic plated, kapa li-multi-metal hybrid housings-ha ho le e 'ngoe ea tsona e ka netefatsoang ka moralo o koaletsoeng feela; li tlameha ho kopanngoa le li-stack-ups tsa PCB le leano la sefofane sa fatše.

Ho hokahanya PCB, Kopano, le Moralo oa Kakaretso

Khokahano e atlehileng ea mochini e fetela ka nqane ho likarolo tsa motho ka mong: ho tsamaisa lithapo, phihlello ea sehokelo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa liteko, le tatelano eo ho eona liboto li thellang, li menahaneng kapa li thibang ka har'a chassis kaofela li ama chai. Millimeter e bolokiloeng holim'a boto ea setšoantšo e ka hloka hore ho be le flex e thata haholoanyane, ha mohato o eketsehileng oa ho tiisa o ka menahanela nako ea takt habeli moleng. Ho tlisa lienjineri tsa mechini, tsa motlakase le tsa kopano tafoleng e le 'ngoe pele ho nako ho netefatsa hore liphaephe tse futhumatsang li hokahana le koporo e hasoang mocheso, lithebe tsa RF li sireletsa li-standoffs tse hlakileng,' me baokameli ba li-screw ha ba khutsise mesaletsa ea bohlokoa.

Ho Sebelisa Likamano Tse Kopanetsoeng tsa Tlhahiso

Merero e sebetsanang le maqiti a koaletsoeng, tlhahiso ea PCB, le kopano ea sistimi e le li-silo tse arohaneng hangata li loana le li-stack-ups tsa mamello le liphetoho tsa moralo oa motsotso oa ho qetela. Ka ho sebelisana le molekane ea kopaneng oa tlhahiso-ea nang le mong kapa ea hokahanyang likarolo tsohle tse tharo - lihlopha li fumana mohloli o le mong oa tlhahiso ea DFM, maikutlo a lisebelisoa, le boitsebiso bo tsamaisoang ke lifofane. Ponahalo ena ea ho qetela e khutsufatsa loops ea ho lokisa liphoso, e koala melao ea tikoloho kapele, 'me qetellong e tlisa lihlahisoa tse matla tsa elektroniki' marakeng.

Tšebelisano ea Leano le Highleap Electronics

Highleap Electronics e fana ka lits'ebeletso tse kopaneng tsa tlhahiso ea PCB le ho kopanya tse etselitsoeng nts'etsopele e rarahaneng ea lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki. Ho tloha likhokahanong tse nang le bongata bo phahameng ho isa ts'ebetsong e laoloang ea impedance le ts'ebetso e tsoetseng pele ea thepa, bokhoni ba rona bo etselitsoe ho ts'ehetsa lisebelisoa tsa hardware tse sebetsang hantle le tse tšepahalang haholo.

Ntle le tlhahiso ea thepa, re fana ka ts'ehetso ho pholletsa le lits'ebeletso, taolo ea boleng, le moralo oa phepelo ea thepa - ho thusa ho fokotsa kotsi le ho ntlafatsa ho tsebahatsa litšenyehelo. Sehlopha sa rona sa boenjiniere se sebetsa haufi-ufi le sa hau ho netefatsa liphetoho tse thellang ho tloha ho moralo ho ea ho tlhahiso.

Ka ho sebelisana 'moho le Highleap esale pele, o fumana chelete e fetang ea morekisi-o fumana molekane oa tekheniki ea ikemiselitseng katleho ea sehlahisoa sa hau.