RoHS & Lead Free
Tumellano ea RoHS: Taba ea Bohlokoa Lefatšeng ka Bophara
Lekola bohlokoa ba RoHS lefatšeng ka bophara le phello ea eona ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki
RoHS ke eng?
RoHS e emetse "Thibelo ea Lintho Tse Kotsi." Ke taelo ea taolo e bileng le phello e kholo indastering eohle ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le lihlahisoa tsa motlakase. RoHS ea pele, e tsejoang hape e le Directive 2002/95/EC, e ile ea hlahisoa ke European Union ka 2002. E ne e reretsoe ho thibela tšebeliso ea lintho tse kotsi tse tšeletseng lihlahisoa tsa elektronike le tsa motlakase. Ho tloha ka la 1 Phupu 2006, lihlahisoa tsohle tse reretsoeng 'maraka oa European Union li tlameha ho latela litlhoko tsa RoHS.
Directive 2011/65/EU, e lokollotsoeng ke European Union ka 2011, hangata e bitsoa RoHS-Recast kapa RoHS 2. RoHS 2 e kenyelletsa taelo ea ho tšoaea CE, e leng se etsang hore e tlamehe hore lihlahisoa tse nang le letšoao la CE li lumellane le litlhoko tsa RoHS. Ho feta moo, RoHS 2 e hlahisitse mekhahlelo ea 8 le ea 9 mme e hlahisitse litlhoko tse ling tsa litokomane bakeng sa ho latela.
Directive 2015/863, e tsejoang e le RoHS 3, e atolositse lenane la lintho tse thibetsoeng ka ho kenyelletsa li-phthalates tse 'ne ho lintho tse tšeletseng tsa mantlha tse kotsi.
Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore li-labs tsa liteko tsa China hajoale ha li na maemo a tlhahlobo ea RoHS 3.0. Ka lebaka leo, lik'hamphani tse kang Topdiode le UF Capacitors li phatlalatsa hore lihlahisoa tsa tsona li lumellana le RoHS 2.0 'me li rera ho ntlafatsa litifikeiti tsa tsona ho latela melaoana ea morao-rao.
Ho latela melao ea RoHS ho bohlokoa bakeng sa likhoebo tse rekisang lihlahisoa tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki linaheng tse laetsoeng ke RoHS, hammoho le tse rekisetsang barekisi, barekisi kapa bahokahanyi ba sebeletsang linaha tsena. Taolo ena e akaretsa mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa, ho tloha ho lisebelisoa tsa mohala ho ea ho lisebelisoa tsa IoT, bathusi ba lapeng ba bohlale, liroboto, li-drones, likhatiso tsa 3D le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka.
RoHS ea EU e hlakisa maemo a phahameng a lumelletsoeng bakeng sa lintho tse leshome tse thibetsoeng. Tse tšeletseng tsa pele li ile tsa hlahisoa ka RoHS ea mantlha, ha tse 'ne tsa morao li kentsoe tlasa RoHS 3, e qalileng ho sebetsa ka la 22 Phupu 2019.
Cadmium (Cd): <100 ppm
Ketapele (Pb): <1000 ppm
Mercury (Hg): <1000 ppm
Hexavalent Chromium (Cr VI): <1000 ppm
Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB): <1000 ppm
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDE): <1000 ppm
Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP): <1000 ppm
Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP): <1000 ppm
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP): <1000 ppm
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP): <1000 ppm
Na RoHS e tla ama boleng ba li-PCB?
RoHS ha e ame boleng ba li-PCB ka kotloloho, kaha ha se maemo a boleng. Ho lumellana le RoHS feela ha ho ntlafatse boleng ba boto. Leha ho le joalo, RoHS, eo hangata e bitsoang "e se nang loto," e na le tšusumetso e kholo mekhoeng ea ho etsa PCB le ho e rekisa.
Phetoho ea ho rekisa ntle le loto, joalo ka ha ho laetsoe ke melaoana ea RoHS, e hloka liphetoho ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea PCB. Soldering ka thempereichara e phahameng ka khona ho ama thepa PCB le likarolo. Ka hona, lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa FR-4 li entsoe ho mamella mocheso ona o phahameng ntle le ho senya bophelo ba sehlahisoa ka kakaretso le boleng.
Ka bokhuts'oane, le hoja melao ea RoHS ka boeona e sa ntlafatse boleng ba PCB, e hlahisa liphetoho lits'ebetsong tsa tlhahiso ho netefatsa hore litlhoko tsa ho rekisa ntle le loto li fihlelleha ntle le ho senya botšepehi le ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa sa ho qetela.
Hobaneng ho latela RoHS ho le bohlokoa?
Ho latela melao ea RoHS ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho sireletsa tikoloho, ho khothaletsa bophelo bo botle le polokeho ea basebetsi, ho fihlella mebaraka ea bohlokoa, ho ntlafatsa botumo ba lebitso, ho khothaletsa boqapi le ho lula ka pele ho liphetoho tsa taolo.
- Tšireletso ea Tikoloho: Melao ea RoHS, e tsejoang hape ka hore ke Lead-Free Directive, e etselitsoe ho fokotsa tšilafalo ea tikoloho e bakoang ke litšila tsa elektroniki tse chefo. Esita le lintho tse nyenyane tse thibetsoeng tse kang loto, mercury le cadmium li ka ba kotsi ho limela, liphoofolo le tikolohong. Ho latela RoHS ho thusa ho thibela tšilafalo ea mobu, moea le mehloli ea metsi, ho sireletsa liphoofolo tse hlaha le bophelo bo botle ba sechaba. Li-PCB tse se nang loto le tsona li bonolo ho sebelisoa hape, ho fokotsa litšila tsa elektroniki le ho baballa lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa elektroniki.
- Bophelo bo Botle le Tšireletseho ea Basebetsi: Ho pepesehela loto ka nako e telele kapa e khutšoanyane, joalokaha ho fumanoa ho solder e entsoeng ka loto, ho ka ba le liphello tse matla tsa bophelo bo botle, ho akarelletsa le ho opa ha hlooho le mathata a ho ba le bana. Ho latela melaoana ea RoHS ho sireletsa bophelo bo botle le polokeho ea basebetsi ba amehang ho bokelleng le ho e sebelisa hape ha PCB, hammoho le batho ba tlokotsing, ho kenyeletsoa bana, ba lulang haufi le meaho ea tlhahiso.
- Ho fihlella 'Maraka: Ho se latele melaoana ea RoHS ho ka ba le litlamorao tse kholo khoebong. Ho rekisa lihlahisoa tse sa finyelle litlhoko tsa RoHS ho thibetsoe European Union le California, 'maraka o moholo oa bobeli. Ho netefatsa hore RoHS e latela melao e lumella lik'hamphani ho fihlella mebaraka ena e nang le chelete e ngata, ho eketsa phaello le ho holisa bareki ba tsona.
- Tumellano ea Molao: Melao ea RoHS e tlama ka molao libakeng tse ngata, 'me ho se ikobele eona ho ka fella ka likotlo, ho nka mehato ea molao le ho senya botumo ba k'hamphani. Ho latela litekanyetso tsa RoHS ho netefatsa hore khoebo e sebetsa ka har'a meeli ea molao.
Qetellong, ho latela melao ea RoHS ha ho ruise tikoloho le bophelo bo botle ba sechaba feela empa hape ho bula mamati a limmaraka tse ka sehloohong, ho sireletsa boiketlo ba basebetsi, le ho netefatsa hore melao e lateloa. Ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse nang le boikarabelo le tse tšoarellang.
RoHS Compliance FAQ
1
Ke lik'hamphani life tse anngoeng ke RoHS Directive?
Khoebo efe kapa efe e rekisang kapa e abang lihlahisoa tse sebetsang tsa EEE, li-sub-assemblies, likarolo, kapa likhoele ka kotloloho linaheng tsa EU, kapa e rekisetsang barekisi, barekisi kapa bahokahanyi bao, le bona, ba rekisetsang linaha tsa EU, e ameha haeba ba sebelisa thepa e thibetsoeng. Kaha melaoana e kang RoHS e nametse linaheng tse ling tse ngata, sena ha se sebetse linaheng tsa EU feela.
RoHS e boetse e sebetsa indastering ea tšepe bakeng sa ts'ebeliso efe kapa efe ea plating ea tšepe, anodizing, chromating, kapa liphetho tse ling ho likarolo tsa EEE, heatsinks kapa likhokahano.
2
RoHS le WEEE li amana joang?
WEEE ke khutsufatso ea Litšila tse tsoang ho Thepa ea Motlakase le ea Elektronike. WEEE, eo hape e tsejoang e le Directive 2002/96/EC, e laela kalafo, ho hlaphoheloa le ho sebelisoa hape ha lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki. Lihlahisoa tsohle tse sebetsang 'marakeng oa EU ka mor'a la 13 Phato 2006 li tlameha ho feta melao ea WEEE le ho nka setikara sa "Wheelie Bin". Tumellano ea WEEE e ikemiselitse ho khothaletsa moralo oa lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki ho nahanoa ka ho sebelisoa hape ho sireletsehileng tikolohong le ho hlaphoheloa. Ho latela melao ea RoHS ho amana le WEEE ka ho fokotsa palo ea lik'hemik'hale tse kotsi tse sebelisoang ha ho etsoa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki.
Ka tsela e 'ngoe, RoHS e laola lintho tse kotsi tse sebelisoang ha ho etsoa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki (EEE), athe WEEE e laola ho lahla thepa eona ena.
3
Na RoHS e sebetsa ho li-tag tsa RFID?
Ee, li-RFID tse sebetsang le tse sebetsang li koahetsoe ke RoHS. Bakeng sa merero ea ho paka, li arotsoe tlas'a Sehlopha sa 3. Ha li-tag tsa RFID li khomaretsoe ka ho sa feleng ho thepa kapa lisebelisoa, li oela tlas'a sehlopha sa sesebelisoa sa motsoali.
4
Na Melao ea RoHS e sebetsa Feela ho European Union (EU)?
Che, melaoana e kang RoHS e amohetsoe ke linaha le libaka tse ngata lefatšeng ka bophara. Leha Taelo ea mantlha ea RoHS (Directive 2002/95/EC) e ne e hlahisoa EU, melaoana e tšoanang e kentsoe tšebetsong United States, China, Japan, Korea Boroa le libakeng tse ling.
5
Khoebo e ka Etsa'ng ho Etsa Hore RoHS e Laolehe?
- Mohloli oa likarolo le lisebelisoa tse lumellanang le RoHS.
- Etsa tlhahlobo le litokomane tsa thepa le lihlahisoa.
- Ho kenya ts'ebetsong tsamaiso ea ho lumellana le melao.
- Lula u tseba ka liphetoho tsa taolo le liapdeite.
- Sebelisana 'moho le bafani ba thepa ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho latela melao-motheo eohle ea phepelo.
- Ho netefatsa hore RoHS e latela melao, likhoebo li lokela ho:
6
Na ho na le Lisetifikeiti tsa Boikoetliso ba RoHS?
Ee, ho na le litifikeiti tsa RoHS le lileibole tseo bahlahisi ba ka li fumanang ho bonts'a hore lihlahisoa tsa bona lia latela. Litifikeiti tsena li fana ka tiisetso ho bareki le balaoli hore lihlahisoa li fihlela litlhoko tsa RoHS.
Haeba u na le lipotso kapa lipelaelo mabapi le melao ea RoHS, ka kopo u se ke oa tsilatsila ho ikopanya le rona ho Highleap. Re sebaka seo u eang ho sona bakeng sa litharollo tsa PCB le PCBA, 'me sehlopha sa rona se teng ho u thusa kapele le ka nepo.
Nka Qotso e Potlakileng
Fumana hore na boitseanape ba rona bo ka u thusa joang ka projeke ea hau e latelang ea PCB.