Moralo le Tlhahiso ea Potoloho ea Khokahano e Phahameng ea PCB

Selelekela

Ka ho phahama ha marang-rang a 5G, puisano ea sathelaete, IoT, le lisebelisoa tsa radar, li-PCB tse phahameng-frequency (Printed Circuit Boards) li fetohile tsa bohlokoa ho tšehetsa phetiso ea data e potlakileng. Li-circuits tsena hangata li sebetsa ka maqhubu a fetang 1 GHz, 'me li-circuits tsa millimeter-wave li fihla ho 30 GHz kapa ho feta. Leha ho le joalo, maqhubu a phahameng joalo a hlahisa liphephetso tse ncha tsa tekheniki tse amanang le botšepehi ba matšoao, tahlehelo ea thepa, tšitiso ea motlakase (EMI), le ho nepahala ha tlhahiso.

Sengoliloeng sena se fana ka tlhahlobo e felletseng, e tebileng ea melao-motheo ea tekheniki le litlhoko tsa moralo oa lipotoloho tse phahameng tsa puisano ho li-PCB. E boetse e hlahloba lits'ebetso tsa mantlha, liphephetso tlhahisong, le mekhoa e hlahang ho tsamaisana le mahlale a ntseng a tsoela pele.

Mehopolo ea Bohlokoa ea Lipotoloho tsa Khokahano ea Maqhubu a Phahameng

Mehopolo ea Maqhubu a Ts'ebetso le Bandwidth

Li-circuits tse nang le maqhubu a phahameng li sebetsa libakeng tseo matla a parasitic, phello ea letlalo, tahlehelo ea dielectric le tšitiso ea motlakase e amang ts'ebetso haholo. Maqhubu a sebelisoang hangata ke:

• Lipotoloho tsa RF: 1 MHz ho isa ho 1 GHz
• Lipotoloho tsa microwave1 GHz ho isa ho 30 GHz
• Lipotoloho tsa millimeter-wave30 GHz ho isa ho 300 GHz

Maqhubung ana, maqhubu a maqhubu a fetoha a manyane, e leng se etsang hore moralo oa PCB le moralo oa mohala oa phetisetso li be bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso. Tsamaiso e hlokolosi ea ho bonahatsa, tieho ea mohato, le ho se tsoele pele ha impedance e ba habohlokoa ho netefatsa botšepehi ba lets'oao.

Lisebelisoa bakeng sa li-PCB tsa High-Frequency

Khetho ea thepa ho li-PCB tsa maqhubu a phahameng ke e 'ngoe ea lintlha tsa bohlokoahali ho khethollang ts'ebetso ea matšoao, tahlehelo, le botsitso maemong a fapaneng a tikoloho le ts'ebetso. Ha maqhubu a ntse a eketseha ho feta GHz tse 'maloa, lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa FR-4 ha li lekane ka lebaka la tahlehelo e phahameng ea dielectric, mefokolo ea mocheso, le ho se lumellane ha dielectric constant (Dk). Ho fihlela litlhoko tsa li-circuits tsa maqhubu a phahameng, lienjiniere li tlameha ho khetha lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa substrate tse nang le dielectric constant (Dk), low loss tangent (Df), le ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ho pholletsa le maqhubu a ts'ebetso.

Ka tlase ke tlhahlobo e qaqileng ea lisebelisoa tse loketseng ka ho fetesisa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa maqhubu a holimo le matla a tsona, liphephetso le libaka tsa ts'ebeliso.

1. Tloaelehileng High-Frequency PCB Substrates

PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene, Teflon)

PTFE, eo hape e tsejoang e le Teflon, ke lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang haholo lits'ebetsong tsa maqhubu a holimo ka lebaka la dielectric constant (Dk) ea ~ ~ 2.1 le tahlehelo ea tangent (Df) e ka tlase ho 0.002. E sebetsa hantle ka ho fetisisa lipotolohong tse sebetsang ka holimo ho 10 GHz, e etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa puisano ea sathelaete, lisebelisoa tsa radar, li-circuits tsa RF, le lisebelisoa tsa microwave. Melemo ea eona e kenyelletsa phokotso e fokolang ea matšoao, e bolokang matla a matšoao libakeng tse telele, le lik'hemik'hale tse phahameng le ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho netefatsa ho tšoarella libakeng tse thata. Leha ho le joalo, thepa ea PTFE e se nang thupa e etsa hore ho be thata ho sebetsa le ho khomarela koporo, e hlokang mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho lamination e kang plasma etching. Ho feta moo, e bitsa chelete e ngata, e lekanyetsa tšebeliso ea eona meralong e sa tsotelleng tekanyetso.

Laminate e khethehileng e nang le tahlehelo e tlase (laminate e ikhethang e nang le tahlehelo e tlase, letoto la li-laminate tse nang le tahlehelo e tlase ea hydrocarbon-ceramic)

Li-laminate tse khethehileng tsa laminate tse nang le tahlehelo e tlase ke khetho e 'ngoe e tsebahalang bakeng sa li-PCB tse nang le maqhubu a phahameng, ka boleng ba Dk bo tlohang ho 3.0 ho isa ho 10.2 le tahlehelo e pakeng tsa 0.0018 le 0.0025. Lisebelisoa tsena li sebelisoa hangata lits'ebetsong tsa 5G, li-antenna, li-amplifier tsa motlakase le lipotoloho tsa microwave. Molemo oa tsona o ka sehloohong ke Dk e tsitsitseng ho pholletsa le mefuta e mengata ea maqhubu, e leng se thusang ho thibela ho sotha ha mekhahlelo. Li-laminate tse khethehileng tsa laminate tse nang le tahlehelo e tlase le tsona li bonolo ho li sebetsana ho feta PTFE 'me li tsamaisana le mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea tlhahiso ea PCB. Ho feta moo, li bontša ho monya mongobo o tlase, e leng se etsang hore li be ntle bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa kantle. Leha ho le joalo, li tla ka litšenyehelo tse phahameng ho feta FR-4 le li-laminate tse thehiloeng ho hydrocarbon 'me li ka hloka litharollo tse ling tsa ho pholisa lits'ebetsong tse nang le matla a phahameng ka lebaka la meeli ea mocheso letotong le leng.

Li-laminates tse tletseng Ceramic

Li-laminates tse tletseng ka ceramic li fana ka motsoako o ikhethang oa botsitso bo phahameng ba mochine le tsamaiso e ntle ea mocheso, e leng se etsang hore e be tse loketseng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa RF, radar ea likoloi (mohlala, 77 GHz), le mekhoa ea puisano ea sathelaete. Lisebelisoa tsena hangata li na le boleng ba Dk lipakeng tsa 6.0 le 10.0 le tantent ea tahlehelo ea ~ 0.002. Botsitso bo phahameng ba mochine bo fokotsa ho loana tlas'a maemo a feteletseng a mocheso, 'me thepa e tsitsitseng ea dielectric e tiisa hore ho fetisoa ha matšoao ho nepahetseng ka nako. Leha ho le joalo, li-laminate tse tlatsitsoeng ka ceramic li boima ho feta lisebelisoa tse ling, tse ka bang tšitiso ho lisebelisoa tse boima, tse kang li-satellites. Li boetse li theko e boima haholo ebile li thata ho sebetsana le li-laminates tse thehiloeng ho hydrocarbon, tse eketsang ho rarahana ha tlhahiso.

Li-laminates tse thehiloeng ho Hydrocarbon

Li-laminates tse thehiloeng ho hydrocarbon li etsa tekanyo pakeng tsa litšenyehelo le ts'ebetso, li fana ka litekanyetso tsa Dk pakeng tsa 2.5 le 3.3 le Df ho pota 0.003. Lisebelisoa tsena li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa puisano tsa microwave, lisebelisoa tsa IoT, li-module tsa RF, le meaho ea mehala ea mehala. Melemo ea bona ea bohlokoa e kenyelletsa tahlehelo ea matšoao a tlase ha e bapisoa le FR-4 le ts'ebetso e bonolo ho feta PTFE, e etsang hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa tlhahiso e kholo. Ho feta moo, li lumellana le mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea tlhahiso ea PCB, e nolofatsang ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso. Leha ho le joalo, li-laminates tse thehiloeng ho hydrocarbon li fana ka botsitso ba mocheso o itekanetseng feela, o fokotsang tšebeliso ea bona libakeng tse nang le matla a phahameng kapa a mocheso o phahameng, o hlokang ho nahanela ka hloko bakeng sa tsamaiso ea mocheso.

2. Dielectric Constant (Dk) Botsitso le Botšepehi ba Pontšo

Dielectric constant (Dk) ke parameter ea bohlokoa bakeng sa li-circuits tse phahameng-frequency hobane e ama ka kotloloho lebelo la phatlalatso ea matšoao. Dk e tlase le e tsitsitseng e netefatsa hore matšoao a tsamaea hantle ka tieho e fokolang, ho fokotsa monyetla oa ho sotha ha matšoao kapa liphoso tsa nako.

Kameho ea Dk ho Phatlalatso ea Letšoao

• Lisebelisoa tsa Dk tse phahameng li liehisa phatlalatso ea matšoao, e ka hlahisang tieho mekhoeng ea puisano e potlakileng.
• Lisebelisoa tsa Dk tse tlase li thusa ho phatlalatsoa ha mats'oao ka potlako, a loketseng lipotoloho tse phahameng haholo moo nako le ho nepahala ha karolo ho leng bohlokoa.

Dk Botsitso Ho Fehla Maqhubu

• Lisebelisoa tse ling li bonts'a phapang ea Dk ho pholletsa le mefuta ea maqhubu, e ka bakang phetoho ea mekhahlelo le ho sotha ha maqhubu.
• Li-laminate tse khethehileng tsa laminate tse nang le tahlehelo e tlase le li-substrate tse tletseng ceramic li tsebahala ka thepa ea tsona e tsitsitseng ea Dk, e netefatsang ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng holim'a maqhubu a mangata.
• Dk e sa tsitsang e ka lebisa ho skew ea mats'oao ho meralo e fapaneng e fapaneng, joalo ka PCIe, Ethernet, kapa SerDes interfaces, moo matšoao a mabeli a tlamehang ho fihla moo a eang teng a lumellana.

Letšoao la Skew le Mathata a Phapang a Nako ea Lipontšo

Libeseng tse lebelo le phahameng, tse kang USB 4.0, PCIe, kapa 100G Ethernet, lipontšo li fetisoa e le lipara tse fapaneng ho ntlafatsa tšireletso ea lerata. Leha ho le joalo, haeba thepa ea dielectric e fapana, lets'oao le le leng le ka ba le tieho e fapaneng ea phatlalatso ho feta e 'ngoe, e lebisang ho skew.

• Skew: Phapang linakong tsa ho fihla lipakeng tsa matšoao a mabeli a para e fapaneng.
• tshusumetso: Skew e lebisa ho liphoso tse nyenyane, botšepehi ba data bo senyehileng, le ho eketseha ha jitter, e ka bakang ho hlōleha ha puisano.
• tharollo: Sebelisa lisebelisoa tse nang le Dk le Df tse sa fetoheng ho fokotsa skew le ho netefatsa hore matšoao ka bobeli a ata ka lebelo le ts'oanang.

3. Tantente ea Tahlehelo (Df) le Phallo ea Matla

Tantent ea tahlehelo (Df), eo hape e tsejoang e le "dissipation factor" e lekanya matla a lahlehileng joalo ka mocheso ha mats'oao a feta ka har'a thepa ea dielectric. Lipotolohong tse nang le maqhubu a phahameng, boleng bo tlase ba Df bo bohlokoa ho fokotsa phokotso ea matšoao le ho boloka matla a mats'oao ho pholletsa le litsela tse telele tsa phetiso.

• PTFE le li-laminate tse khethehileng tsa laminate tse nang le tahlehelo e tlase li na le boleng bo tlase ba Df, e leng se etsang hore li be ntle bakeng sa maqhubu a microwave le a millimeter-wave.
• Lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa Df, tse kang li-substrates tse tlatsitsoeng ka ceramic, li ka fella ka ho senyeha ha matla ho eketsehileng, ho hloka mekhoa e metle ea ho pholisa.

4. Thermal Stability le Mechanical Properties

Hangata li-circuits tsa maqhubu a phahameng li sebetsa libakeng tse nang le phapang e kholo ea mocheso. Ha lisebelisoa li ntse li eketseha le ho lumellana le liphetoho tsa mocheso, thepa ea bona ea dielectric e ka 'na ea fetoha, ea baka mathata a tshebetso.

• PTFE le li-laminate tse tletseng ka ceramic li fana ka botsitso bo botle ba mocheso, ho boloka ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng esita le libakeng tse feteletseng tse kang lisathelaete kapa lisebelisoa tsa radar tsa likoloi.
• Li-laminates tse thehiloeng ho hydrocarbon li fana ka botsitso bo itekanetseng ba mocheso empa li ka hloka litharollo tse eketsehileng tsa ho pholisa lits'ebetsong tsa matla a phahameng.

Kakaretso ea Litaelo tsa Khetho ea Lintho

Ha u khetha lisebelisoa bakeng sa li-PCB tsa maqhubu a phahameng, lienjiniere li tlameha ho leka-lekanya litšenyehelo, ts'ebetso, tlhahiso le maemo a tikoloho. Ka tlase ke papiso e potlakileng:

Melao-motheo ea Moralo bakeng sa li-PCB tsa Maqhubu a Phahameng

Ho rala li-PCB tsa maqhubu a phahameng ho hloka mokhoa o tiileng oa ho netefatsa bots'epehi le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng. Lintlha tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa khetho ea mehala ea phetisetso, taolo e nepahetseng ea tšitiso, phokotso e sebetsang ea EMI, le ho nahanela ka tsamaiso. Lintlha tsena li sebetsa 'moho ho boloka botšepehi ba matšoao lits'ebetsong tse potlakileng haholo.

1. Libopeho tsa Linepe tsa phetiso

Khetho ea mehala ea phetisetso e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho laola le ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea mats'oao.

• Microstrip Line: Sebopeho sena se na le letšoao la letšoao karolong e ka holimo ea PCB, e lebisitsoeng ho sefofane sa fatše se ka tlaase. Bonolo ba eona bo etsa hore ho be bonolo ho e sebelisa; leha ho le joalo, ho pepeseha ha eona tikolohong ho e etsa hore e be kotsing ea ho sitisoa ke motlakase (EMI), e ka bang kotsi ea boleng ba matšoao libakeng tse lerata.
• Molapo: Moqapi ona, letšoao la letšoao le kenngoa pakeng tsa lifofane tse peli tsa fatše ka har'a stack ea PCB. Tlhophiso ena e fana ka tšireletso e ntle ea EMI le tšireletso e laoloang, e e etsa khetho e ratoang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse phahameng haholo. Leha ho le joalo, ho rarahana le litšenyehelo tsa ho etsa li-stripline li ka ba bohlokoa, tse hlokang moralo o hlokolosi molemong oa moralo.
• Coplanar Waveguide (CPW): Mona, letšoao la pontšo le pota-potiloe ke lifofane tsa fatše holim'a lera le le leng, le lumellang hore ho be le taolo e ntle ea impedance le ho fokotsa crosstalk. Li-CPW li thusa ho hatella EMI le ho ts'ehetsa ts'ebetso ea maqhubu a holimo, e etsa hore e lokele lits'ebetso tse tsoetseng pele tsa RF.

2. Impedans Matching le Taolo

Ho tsamaisana ho nepahetseng ho bohlokoa ho meralo ea maqhubu a holimo ho thibela lipontšo tse ka nyenyefatsang ts'ebetso. Lipontšo tsa maqhubu a phahameng li ameha ka ho khetheha ho li-impedance mismatches, tse lebisang ho tahlehelo ea ho khutla 'me li ka ama haholo botšepehi ba pontšo.

Sebopeho sa impedance Z0 sa mohala oa phetisetso se ka baloa ho sebelisoa foromo:

Where:

• Z0: Ho senyeha ho ohms
• Dk: Dielectric kamehla ea thepa
• h: Sebaka ho tloha tseleng ho ea sefofaneng sa fatše
• W: Bophara ba mokhanni
• T: Botenya ba conductor

Pontšo ea Letšoao le Phokotso ea EMI ho li-PCB tsa Maqhubu a Phahameng

Ho netefatsa botšepehi ba matšoao le ho fokotsa ho kena-kenana le motlakase (EMI) ho bohlokoa molemong oa moralo oa PCB o phahameng haholo. Ha maqhubu a ts'ebetso a ntse a eketseha, mekhoa ea ho senya matšoao le tsamaiso ea EMI e ba thata haholoanyane. Ka tlase, re hlahloba liphephetso tsa mantlha tsa tekheniki le maano a tsoetseng pele a ho boloka botsitso ba matšoao le ho hatella EMI lipotolohong tse phahameng haholo.

1. Mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea Tahlehelo ea Letšoao le Mekhoa ea ho Fokotsa

Matšoao a maqhubu a phahameng a na le mefuta e mengata ea tahlehelo, 'me ho sebetsana le tsena ho hloka kutloisiso e tebileng ea litlamorao tse tsamaisoang ke fisiks le phokotso ea tsona:

Letlalo le Tahlehelo ea Mokhanni:

Ka maqhubu a phahameng, botebo ba letlalo (botebo bo sebetsang ba phallo ea hona joale) bo fokotseha, bo qobella hore hona joale ho tsamaee feela holim'a mokhanni. Sena se eketsa khanyetso ea AC mme se kenya letsoho ho tahlehelo ea conductor. Botebo ba letlalo δ bo ipapisitse le motso oa lisekoere oa khafetsa:

Phokotso: Ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea li-conductor, baqapi ba ka kopanya mesaletsa ka silevera kapa khauta ho ntlafatsa conductivity. Ho sebelisa mesaletsa e pharalletseng kapa likarolo tse teteaneng tsa koporo le hona ho ka fokotsa litlamorao tsena.

Tahlehelo ea Dielectric le Khetho ea Lisebelisoa:

Tahlehelo ea dielectric e hlaha ha karolo ea matla a lets'oao e monngoa ke thepa ea PCB ebe e felloa ke mocheso. Tahlehelo tangent (Df) e lekanya tahlehelo ena, 'me maqhubu a phahameng a ts'ebetso a mpefatsa ho qhalana.
Phokotso: Sebelisa thepa e nang le boleng bo tlase ba Df (mohlala, PTFE kapa li-laminate tse khethehileng tsa laminate tse nang le tahlehelo e tlase) ho fokotsa tahlehelo. Meralong e nang le matla a maholo, li-laminate tse kopantsoeng (tse kopanyang dielectric tse nang le tahlehelo e tlase le li-substrate tse matla) li ka leka-lekanya litšenyehelo le ts'ebetso.

Tahlehelo ea Mahlaseli le Ntlafatso ea Moralo oa PCB:

Tahlehelo ea mahlaseli e etsahala ha mohala oa phetiso o sebetsa joalo ka lenakana, o ntša matla tikolohong e sa rera. Phello ena e bonahala haholoanyane ho maqhubu a ka holimo ho 10 GHz kapa lithapong tsa phetisetso tse sirelelitsoeng hampe.
Phokotso: Ho ntlafatsa meralo ea likhoele tsa phetiso (mohlala, stripline kapa coplanar waveguides) ho fokotsa mahlaseli. Ho feta moo, ho boloka sebaka se tiileng ho tloha fatše ho thusa ho ba le masimo a motlakase.

Crosstalk le Parasitic Coupling:

Liphetho tsa Crosstalk ho tsoa ho khokahano ea motlakase kapa ea makenete lipakeng tsa mela ea matšoao e haufi. Ha sebaka sa marang-rang se fokotseha 'me makhetlo a mangata a ntse a eketseha, matla a parasitic le inductance e ba bohlokoa le ho feta.
Mitigation: Sebelisa lipara tse fapaneng bakeng sa matšoao a lebelo le phahameng ho fokotsa lerata le tloaelehileng. Ho kenya ts'ebetsong mekhoa ea ho lebela pakeng tsa mela ea matšoao a bohlokoa ho boetse ho fokotsa liphello tsa ho kopanya.

2. Mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho Fokotsa EMI ka Meetso ea Maqhubu a Phahameng

Tsamaiso e atlehileng ea ho kena-kenana le motlakase (EMI) ho meralo ea PCB ea maqhubu a holimo e hloka mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ho feta mekhoa ea mantlha ea moralo. Ha maqhubu a ntse a eketseha, litšebelisano tsa tšimo tsa EM, litlamorao tsa parasitic, le ho khaotsa ho khutla ha litsela li fetoha tsa bohlokoa. Mona ke mekhoa e mengata e tsoetseng pele ea ho laola EMI ka katleho.

Laola Phapang Pair Routing le Tight Coupling

Meralong ea maqhubu a holimo, lipara tse fapaneng li sebelisetsoa ho fokotsa lerata le tloaelehileng, empa li tlameha ho tsamaisoa ka sebaka se nepahetseng le ho tsamaisana ho boloka khokahanyo e nepahetseng. Ho kopanya ka thata ho fokotsa ho fetoha ha mokhoa o fapaneng ho ea ho o tloaelehileng, ho fokotsa mesi e hlahisoang ke mahlaseli le ho ntlafatsa botšepehi ba matšoao. Lisebelisoa tsa ketsiso joalo ka ANSYS HFSS le HyperLynx li thusa lienjiniere ho hlophisa litsamaiso tse fapaneng, ho netefatsa skew e nyane le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang.

Paramethara ea bohlokoa: Lipara tse fapaneng hangata li etselitsoe 100-ohm impedance. Ho kheloha ho tsoa ho boleng bona ho ka baka maikutlo, phetoho ea mekhoa, le litaba tsa EMI, tse amang boleng ba lets'oao.

Lifofane tsa fatše le Litsela tse Khutlileng tse tlase tse tlase

Ho boloka lifofane tsa fatše tse sa sitisoeng ho netefatsa hore ho na le boitsebiso bo ka tšeptjoang bakeng sa lipontšo le ho fokotsa EMI. Leha ho le joalo, matšoao a latela tsela ea bonyane ba inductance, 'me likheo leha e le life lifofaneng tsa fatše li hlahisa li-discontinuities, tse bakang ho senyeha ha matšoao. Ho li-PCB tse ngata, litsela tse sa nepahalang tsa ho khutla li eketsa EMI ka ho theha li-loops tsa inductive.

Mitigation: Sebelisa stitching vias ho hokela lifofane tse fatše tse haufi ho pholletsa le mekhahlelo e fapaneng, ho netefatsa litsela tse sa khaotseng tsa ho khutla. Mokhoa ona o bohlokoa ha ho na le phetoho lipakeng tsa mekhahlelo ho thibela litaba tsa EMI le ho boloka botsitso ba matšoao.

Ka Moralo le Tsamaiso ea Stub

Li-Vias lia hlokahala bakeng sa likhokahano tsa li-interlayer empa li hlahisa inductance ea parasitic e ka khantšang EMI le ho baka lipontšo tsa mats'oao ka maqhubu a phahameng. E sa sebelisoeng ka li-stubs e sebetsa joalo ka li-antenna, e kenya letsoho ho EMI le ts'ebetsong e nyenyefatsang.

Phokotso: Etsa kopo ea ho cheka ka morao ho tlosa ho sa hlokahaleng ka li-stubs, ho fokotsa ho bonahatsa le ho hatella EMI. Lipotolohong tsa maqhubu a phahameng, li-vias tse foufetseng le tse patiloeng li fana ka taolo e ntle ea EMI. Ka ho roka ka mesaletsa e mahlonoko ho boetse ho thusa ho ba le masimo a motlakase le ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba matšoao.

Lits'oants'o tsa Balebeli le Ts'ebetso ea Boipheliso bakeng sa Khatello ea EMI

Mesaletsa ea balebeli, kapa mesaletsa e theiloeng lipakeng tsa mats'oao a lebelo le phahameng, e sebetsa e le litšitiso tsa ho fokotsa phallo le ho koala EMI. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebetsong e sa nepahalang ea mekhoa ea balebeli e ka baka ho se lumellane, ho baka tahlehelo ea ho khutla (S11) le ho senyeha ha matšoao.

Phokotso: Sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo ea lebala la EM ho lekola phello ea mesaletsa ea balebeli le ho netefatsa hore ha e sitise ho bapisa ho sitisang. Ha e entsoe ka nepo, mesaletsa ea balebeli e ntlafatsa khatello ea EMI ntle le ho ama hampe ts'ebetso ea matšoao a lebelo le holimo.

Ho sebetsana le botšepehi ba lets'oao le liphephetso tsa EMI ho hloka tsebo e tebileng ea moralo oa PCB o sebelisoang khafetsa. Hore na o tobane le ho se lumellane ha impedance, mathata a ho bokellana ha lera, mathata a ho buisana ka tsela e fapaneng, kapa mathata a EMI, re mona ho thusa. Ikopanye le rona kajeno bakeng sa likeletso tsa litsebi le litharollo tsa ho ntlafatsa meralo ea hau ea PCB bakeng sa ts'ebetso e phahameng.

fihlela qeto e

Li-circuits tsa puisano tsa PCB tse phahameng haholo ke mokokotlo oa mahlale a morao-rao a puisano. Ho rala le ho etsa lipotoloho tsena ho hloka tlhokomelo e hlokolosi khethong ea thepa, botšepehi ba matšoao, taolo ea EMI, le taolo ea mocheso. Ha lits'ebetso tse joalo ka 5G, likoloi tse ikemetseng, le IoT li ntse li tsoela pele ho hola, tlhoko ea li-PCB tse tšepahalang, tse sebetsang hantle haholo li tla eketseha feela. Ka ho hlola liphephetso tse amanang le meralo ena, baenjiniere ba ka netefatsa puisano e matla, e sebetsang, le e potlakileng ho liindasteri tse fapaneng.

Phuputso ena ea botekgeniki e totobatsa bohlokoa ba moralo o nepahetseng le thepa e ncha ho li-PCB tse sebetsang khafetsa , e leng se thusang ho fihlela litlhoko tse matla tsa litsamaiso tsa puisano tsa moloko o latelang. Ha indasteri e ntse e fetoha, tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele mahlaleng a PCB e tla notlolla menyetla e mecha ea puisano ea waelese, e netefatsang bokamoso bo hokahaneng.

Ikopanye le Rona bakeng sa Litharollo tsa PCB tsa Setsebi tse Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa

Ho tobana le liphephetso ka ho bapisa ho se sebetse, taolo ea EMI, botšepehi ba matšoao, kapa moralo oa stack-up? Sehlopha sa rona sa litsebi se ikemiselitse ho u thusa ka litharollo tsa PCB tsa maqhubu a holimo. Ikopanye le rona kajeno bakeng sa lipuisano tsa litsebi 'me re u thuse ho ntlafatsa meralo ea hau bakeng sa ts'ebetso e phahameng le ho ts'epahala lits'ebetsong tsa hau tsa puisano.