Tataiso ea ho qetela ea Moqapi oa Microwave PCB

Moralo oa PCB ea microwave ke tšimo ea bohlokoa ea ts'ebetsong ea potoloho ea maqhubu a phahameng, e hlokang kutloisiso e tebileng ea melao-motheo ea motlakase le boenjiniere bo nepahetseng ho fihlela litlhoko tsa lits'ebetso tsa sejoale-joale, tse rarahaneng. Moralo oa lipotoloho tsa microwave o kenyelletsa liphephetso tse 'maloa tse sa atiseng ho kopana le meralo ea PCB ea maqhubu a tlase . Liphephetso tsena li kenyelletsa botšepehi ba lets'oao la lebelo le phahameng, taolo ea impedance, lintho tse nahanoang ka tsona, le ho nepahala ha tlhahiso. Ka tlase ke tlhahlobo e qaqileng ea liphephetso tsa mantlha moralong oa PCB ea microwave le mekhoa e sebelisoang ho li rarolla. Bakeng sa lipotoloho tsa microwave tse hahiloeng ho RO3035 , sebelisa botenya ba laminate bo khethiloeng le mamello ea tlhahiso ha u fetola mohlala oa RF hore e be mosebetsi oa bonono oa tlhahiso.

1. Mathata a Bohlokwa ho Moralo wa Microwave PCB

Hangata li-PCB tsa microwave li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang maqhubung a fetang 1 GHz, hangata li feta 30 GHz lits'ebetsong tse ling. Matšoao ana a maqhubu a phahameng a bontša litšobotsi tse ikhethang tse hlokang mekhoa e ikhethileng ea moralo. Ho utloisisa liphephetso tsena ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso, ts'epo le tlhahiso ea li-PCB tsa microwave.

Mathata a Bohlokoa a Moralo:

• Ho Tsitsisa Phetoho ea Leqhubu : Ho fihlella le ho boloka phetoho e tsitsitseng ho pholletsa le PCB stackup ho bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa maqhubu a phahameng. Tlhokahalo e tloaelehileng ke ho boloka phetoho e ikhethang ea 50Ω ka mamello ea ±5%, haholo-holo ho pholletsa le meralo ea mekhahlelo e mengata moo ho se lumellane ha phetoho ho ka lebisang ho ponts'ong ea lets'oao le tahlehelo ea matla.

• Ho Hasana ha Dielectric : Maqhubung a phahameng, kamehla ea dielectric (Dk) ea thepa e fapana ho latela makhetlo. Mohlala, li-substrate tse kang laminate e khethehileng e nang le tahlehelo e tlase li na le Dk ea 3.48±0.05 ho 10GHz, e hlokang ketsiso e hlokolosi ho ikarabella bakeng sa boitšoaro bo itšetlehileng ka maqhubu. Phapang ena e ka fella ka tieho ea lets'oao, liphetoho tsa mekhahlelo, le lipontšo haeba li sa rarolloe ka nepo.

• Tšusumetso ea Bohlasoa ba Bokaholimo : Bohlasoa ba mesaletsa ea koporo bo ka ama tahlehelo ea ho kenngoa le botšepehi ba lets'oao haholo, haholo-holo maqhubung a phahameng. Mohlala, bohlasoa ba koporo ba 0.4μm bo ka fella ka tahlehelo ea ho kenngoa ea 0.15 dB/inch ho 40GHz. Ho fokotsa litlamorao tse joalo, bahlahisi ba hloka ho laola sebopeho sa bokaholimo ba koporo le ho kenya tšebetsong mekhoa e kang ho betla koporo e boreleli.

• Ka Stub Resonance : Li-stub tse tsamaeang ka tsela e tšoanang li ka baka maqhubu a sa batleheng a hohelang a sitisang tsela ea lets'oao. Bothata bo tloaelehileng bo hlaha ha li-stub li utloahala maqhubung a kang 28GHz (λ/4 ka li-stub), e leng se bakang lintlha tse se nang thuso tsa 0.3dB phetisong ea lets'oao. Mekhoa ea ho cheka ka morao e sebelisoa ho fokotsa li-stub tsena, ka ho nepahala ho tiileng ha boemo ba ka tlase ho 50μm bakeng sa liphetho tse ntle ka ho fetisisa.

2. Lintlha tsa Boitsebiso ho Microwave PCB Design

Khetho ea thepa e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho khethollang ts'ebetso ea li-PCB tsa microwave. Lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele lia hlokahala ho sebetsana le maqhubu a phahameng, ho boloka botsitso ba matšoao, le ho netefatsa phetiso e nepahetseng ea matla.

Lintho tsa Bohlokoa:

Dielectric constant (Dk), tahlehelo ea tangent (Df), le conductivity ea mocheso ke lintlha tsa mantlha ha u khetha substrate bakeng sa li-PCB tsa microwave. Mohlala, lisebelisoa tse nang le boleng bo tlase ba Df, joalo ka Taconic RF-35, li loketse lits'ebetso tse hlokang tahlehelo e nyane ea mats'oao, joalo ka radar ea likoloi kapa likhokahano tsa satellite.

Emerging Material Technologies:

• PTFE-Ceramic Composites : Lisebelisoa tsena li fana ka ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ea maqhubu a phahameng, ka tahlehelo e tlase ho 0.0012 bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse kang radar ea likoloi ea 77GHz.

• Mokelikeli oa Crystal Polymer (LCP) : Ka ho tenyetseha le tahlehelo e tlase ea tangent (0.0025), LCP e sebelisoa meralong ea maqhubu a phahameng moo ho tenyetseha le ts'ebetso li leng bohlokoa, joalo ka li-antenna tse arotsoeng ka mekhahlelo.

• Di-substrate tse Thehilweng ho Silicon : Bakeng sa di-IC tsa mmWave tse pakang, ho sebediswa di-substrate tsa silicon tse nang le botenya ba Through-Silicon Via (TSV) bo fetang 10^4/cm², e leng se nolofalletsang ditshebediso tse nang le botenya bo phahameng, tse nang le maqhubu a phahameng jwalo ka ditsamaiso tsa 5G.

3. Precision Manufacturing bakeng sa Microwave PCBs

Li-PCB tsa Microwave li hloka mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea tlhahiso ho fihlela litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso ea maqhubu a fetang 1 GHz, haholoholo ka holimo ho 30 GHz. Mekhoa ena e netefatsa hore lipotoloho tsa microwave li boloka botšepehi le ts'epahalo, tse bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso ho 5G, radar, puisano ea sathelaete, le lits'ebetso tsa ts'ireletso.

Mekhoa ea Tlhahiso ea Li-PCB tsa Microwave

1. Litšoantšo tsa Laser Direct Direct (LDI)
   LDI e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho theha mela e metle le likarolo tse nepahetseng ka har'a meralo ea microwave PCB, e lumellang ho nepahala ho nyane joalo ka 5μm. Sena se tiisa taolo e tsitsitseng ea impedance, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea maqhubu a phahameng, ho thibela lipontšo tsa lipontšo le tahlehelo ea matla.
2. Ho ruruha ha Plasma
   Plasma etching e netefatsa mesaletsa ea koporo e kentsoeng ka mokhoa o hloekileng e nang le li-angles tse nepahetseng tsa mahlakoreng, ho boloka tšitiso e laoloang le bots'epehi ba matšoao, haholoholo maemong a holimo moo le liphapang tse nyane li ka bakang tahlehelo.
3. Phetoho ea Bokaholimo (Phekolo ea Plasma ea Nitrogen)
   Kalafo ea plasma ea naetrojene e ntlafatsa ho khomarela le ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea ho kenya ka ho matlafatsa bonding ba koporo-to-dielectric, ho etsa bonnete ba hore libaka tse boreleli bakeng sa phallo e ntle ea pontšo le ho fokotsa ho hanyetsa.
4. Conformal Shielding
   Tšireletso e hlophisitsoeng, hangata e nang le liphahlo tsa Ni/Au, e thibela ho kena-kenana le motlakase (EMI) le ho matlafatsa botšepehi ba matšoao ka ho fokotsa lerata le ho thibela crosstalk, e leng ea bohlokoa meralong e phahameng ea maqhubu.

Mathata a ho Hlahisa Tlhahisong ea Microwave PCB

Liqholotso tse 'maloa li tlameha ho laoloa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea li-PCB tsa microwave, ho kenyeletsoa botsitso ba sebopeho, bofokoli ba koporo, le ka sebopeho.

1. Botsitso ba Dimensional
   Taolo ea katoloso ea mocheso e bohlokoa nakong ea ts'ebetso ea lamination ho thibela ho se lumellane kapa delamination e ka amang ts'ebetso. Ho boloka <0.3 ‰ katoloso ho netefatsa botshepehi bo nepahetseng ba letshwao ho pholletsa le bophelo ba boto.
2. Bokhopo ba Koporo
   Bokhopo ba mesaletsa ea koporo bo ama phetiso ea mats'oao. Bakeng sa maqhubu a phahameng, ho bohlokoa ho laola bokhabane ba koporo (Rq <1.2μm) ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea ho kenya le ho boloka botšepehi ba pontšo.
3. Ka Formation
   Li-PCB tsa Microwave li hloka sebopeho se nepahetseng sa microvia, hangata se finyelloang ka ho phunya laser. Ho bohlokoa ho etsa bonnete ba ho nepahala ho phahameng, haholo-holo bakeng sa meralo ea likhokahano tse matla haholo tse sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tse kang 5G le lits'ebetso tse tsoetseng pele tsa radar.

Ho tseba mekhoa ena e ikhethang ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e phahameng ea li-PCB tsa microwave lits'ebetsong tse hlokang boiteko bo bongata. Bakeng sa lintlha tse ling mabapi le thepa le lits'ebetso tse amehang, hlahloba leqephe la rona la thepa ea microwave PCB . Ho ithuta haholoanyane ka bokhoni ba rona ba tlhahiso e nepahetseng, etela lits'ebeletso tsa rona tsa tlhahiso ea microwave PCB . Bakeng sa kakaretso ea litharollo tsa rona tse felletseng, sheba leqephe la rona la microwave PCB.

4. Botšepehi ba Letšoao le Ketsiso ho Moqapi oa Microwave PCB

Botšepehi ba pontšo bo bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea potoloho e phahameng haholo ka moralo oa microwave PCB. Ha maqhubu a feta 30GHz, mekhoa ea setso ha ea lekana, e hloka lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa papiso bakeng sa mohlala o nepahetseng.

Key Simulation Technologies

3D Full-Wave Electromagnetic Simulation

• Khetho ea Sesebelisoa: HFSS le EMPro lipapiso tsa tšehetso ho fihla ho 110GHz
• Mesebetsi ea mantlha: Ho ntšoa ha paramethara ea S, ho ntlafatsa tsela ea matšoao, tlhahlobo ea crosstalk
• Melemo ea Ts'ebetso: Ho tsebahatsa pele ho nako ea ho bonahatsa mats'oao le litaba tsa tahlehelo ea phetiso

Nonlinear Circuit Modeling

• dikopo: Li-amplifiers tsa matla, li-mixer le likarolo tse ling tse se nang moeli
• Lisebelisoa tsa ho etsa mehlala: ADS e nang le theknoloji ea X-parameter
• Tiisetso ya Tshebetso: E bolela esale pele boitšoaro tlas'a maemo a matla a phahameng, ho qoba ho sotha ha matšoao

Thermal-Electronic Co-Simulation

• mocheso Control: E netefatsa ho nyoloha ha mocheso oa likarolo tse 64 ka tlase ho 15°C
• Ketsiso Software: Lisebelisoa tsa ho hlahloba mocheso oa Icepak le Flotherm
• Ntlafatso ea ho Tšepahala: E laola litlamorao tsa mocheso ho li-stackups tsa mekhahlelo e mengata

Letšoao la Botšepehi Optimization

Moralo oa Microwave PCB o sebetsana le khokahano ea motlakase (EMC), tahlehelo ea ho kenya, tahlehelo ea ho khutla, le crosstalk. Ka papiso, litaba tse ka bang teng li boleloa esale pele le ho rarolloa pele ho etsoa, ​​​​ho ntlafatsa katleho ea moralo le ho ts'epahala.

5. Teko ea ho Tšepahala le Maemo ho Moqapi oa Microwave PCB

Moralong oa microwave PCB, ho netefatsa ho ts'epahala ha nako e telele ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso libakeng tse hlokang kelello joalo ka radar, 5G, le litsamaiso tsa sathelaete. Li-circuits tsena li tlameha ho mamella mocheso o feteletseng, ho thothomela le mongobo, tse ka amang botšepehi ba matšoao. Liteko tse matla tsa ho ts'epahala li netefatsa hore li-PCB tsa microwave li boloka ts'ebetso le tlas'a maemo a thata.

Thermal Cycling
Liteko tsa libaesekele tse futhumetseng, joalo ka MIL-STD-883H, li etsisa ho fetoha ha mocheso (-55 ° C ho + 125 ° C) ho feta lipotoloho tse 1000, ho etsa bonnete ba hore lisebelisoa tsa microwave PCB li lula li tsitsitse le ho thibela litaba tse kang ho putlama kapa ho fetoha ha impedance.

Khanyetso ea CAF
Teko ea CAF ea ho hanyetsa e lekola bokhoni ba boto ea ho mamella mongobo le ho falla ha motlakase tlas'a mongobo o phahameng le mocheso. Sena se netefatsa ts'epahalo ea nako e telele libakeng tse kang lits'ebetso tsa likoloi kapa tsa sefofane.

HLOKOMELA Teko
Tlhahlobo ea HALT e pepesetsa li-PCB ho sisinyeha ha 40G le khatello ea 150 ° C ho lekola ho tšoarella le ho tseba lintlha tse ka 'nang tsa hloleha, tse kang ho qhekella kapa delamination, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa tsa mosebetsi sebakeng sa lifofane le sesoleng.

Teko ea ts'epo, ho kenyelletsa ho palama libaesekele tse futhumetseng, ho hanyetsa CAF, le HALT, ho netefatsa hore li-PCB tsa microwave li boloka ts'ebetso e ts'oanang lits'ebetsong tsa maqhubu a phahameng, ho ntlafatsa meralo bakeng sa ts'epo ea nako e telele.

fihlela qeto e

Moralo oa Microwave PCB o hloka boiphihlelo ho mahlale a elektroniki a maqhubu a phahameng le thepa. Ha tlhoko ea lits'ebetso tse sebetsang hantle e ntse e hola, baenjiniere ba tobana le liphephetso taolong ea impedance, botšepehi ba matšoao le tlhahiso e nepahetseng. Ka tsoelo-pele ea papiso, lisebelisoa le tlhahiso, li-PCB tsa microwave li bohlokoa bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa puisano tsa moloko o latelang, radar ea likoloi le lits'ebetso tsa maqhubu a holimo.

Ho Highleap Electronics, re sebelisa tsebo ea rona e pharaletseng ea ho etsa le ho kopanya PCB ho fihlela litlhoko tse thata tsa meralo ea microwave. Mekhoa ea rona e tsoetseng pele ea tlhahiso, ho kenyelletsa litšoantšo tsa laser-direct le etching ea plasma, e netefatsa ho nepahala le ts'ebetso bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse kang radar le lisebelisoa tsa puisano tsa 5G.

E ikemiselitse ho boleng le ho ts'epahala, Highleap Electronics e fana ka litharollo tse ncha le tšehetso e ikhethang ea bareki, e netefatsang hore meralo ea hau e sebetsa ka mokhoa o phethahetseng lits'ebetsong tsa lefats'e la nnete. Selekane le rona ho phahamisa meralo ea hau ea microwave PCB.