PCB Middle Tg vs. High Tg: Ho Utloisisa Liphapang

PCBA ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa sejoale-joale, tse sebetsang e le mokokotlo oa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Likopano tsena li entsoe ka thepa e fapaneng, 'me ts'ebetso ea tsona le ts'epo ea tsona li angoa haholo ke liphetoho tsa mocheso. Sengoloa sena se kenella ka botebo tšusumetsong e tebileng ea liphetoho tsa mocheso ho PCBA, se tšohla litšobotsi tsa mocheso oa thepa, mohopolo oa Mocheso oa Phetoho ea Khalase (Tg), le lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa PCB Tg. Ho feta moo, re hlahloba lits'ebetso le melemo ea li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg 'me re hlakisa bohlokoa ba thepa ea Tg e bohareng maemong a itseng a ts'ebeliso. Qetellong, re hlahloba mekhoa e fapaneng ea tlhahlobo ea mocheso bakeng sa ho lekola thepa ea PCB le melemo ea eona.

Ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso ho ka ba le tšusumetso e kholo ho boleng, botšepehi le ts'ebetso ea PCBAs. Ha mocheso o ntse o eketseha, lisebelisoa li atisa ho atoloha. Leha ho le joalo, li-PCB hangata li entsoe ka lisebelisoa tse nang le li-coefficients tse fapaneng tsa katoloso ea mocheso (CTE), e lebisang khatellong ea mochini. Ho imeloa kelellong ho ka etsa hore ho thehoe li-micro-cracks tse sa bonahaleng nakong ea liteko tsa motlakase, tse kang liteko tse khutšoanyane / tse bulehileng, tse etsoang nakong ea mekhahlelo ea ho qetela ea tlhahiso. Li-micro-crack tsena li ka lebisa ho hloleheng ho bonahalang ka mor'a ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya, ho ka bakang ho se sebetse hantle ha lihlahisoa tse fapaneng.

Ho Utloisisa Mocheso oa Phetoho ea Khalase (Tg)

Ka 2002, ho ile ha hlahisoa litaelo tsa Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS), tse laelang hore ho sebelisoe li-alloys tse se nang lead bakeng sa ho soasoa likopanong tsa elektroniki. Ho tlosoa ha loto ho li-alloys tsa solder ho entse hore ho be le mocheso o phahameng oa ho qhibiliha, ho pepesa li-PCB mocheso o moholo nakong ea ts'ebetso ea soldering, ho kenyelletsa le wave le reflow soldering. Ka hona, ho khetha li-PCB tse nang le litšobotsi tse nepahetseng tsa mochini, haholo-holo tse nang le Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) tse loketseng ho bile bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa lits'ebetso tse tšepahalang tsa kopano.

Tg ke ntho ea mantlha ea mochini e bontšang mocheso oo ntho e fetohang ho tloha boemong bo thata, bo tiileng le bo kang khalase ho ea boemong ba rabara. Ha Tg e feta, thepa ha e qhibilihe empa e fetoha sebopeho, e fetoha rabara ka tlhaho. Ho lekanya Tg ka ho nepahala ho thata ka lebaka la lintlha tse fapaneng, ho kenyelletsa le sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa thepa. Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng li na le boleng bo fapaneng ba Tg, leha litšobotsi tsa bona tsa tekheniki li fapana. Haholo-holo, viscosity ea thepa ea eketseha ha e futhumala 'me e ka lebisa ho robeheng kapa ho phunyeha ka mor'a ho pholile.

Bohlokoa ba PCB Tg

Boemong ba li-PCB, Tg e emela mocheso oo thepa ea polymer e fetohang ho tloha boemong ba khalase le bo thata ho ea boemong bo bonolo kapa bo bonolo. Phetoho ena ea thermodynamic e ka khutlisoa ha feela thepa ea polymer e sa senyehe. Tg e bohlokoa haholo hobane likarolo tsa organic linthong tsa motheo, joalo ka li-hydrocarbon le li-binders, hangata li na le botsitso bo tlase ba mocheso ha li bapisoa le likarolo tsa inorganic tsa thepa e kopaneng.

Boiteko bo entsoe ho ntlafatsa thepa ea mocheso ea li-polymers ho li etsa hore li tšoanelehe e le li-binders ho PCBs. Leha ho le joalo, thepa ena e ntse e saletse ka morao ho botsitso ba mocheso oa tšepe ea tšepe, likhoele tse matlafatsang tsa khalase le li-filler tsa ceramic. Ka lebaka leo, ha ho ne ho hlahisoa mekhoa ea theknoloji e se nang loto, esita le keketseho e nyenyane ea mocheso oa soldering e bile le tšusumetso e kholo ho tsitsipano ea mocheso oa li-polymer tse kopanyang PCB.

Lihlopha tsa PCB Tg

PCB Tg e arotsoe ka lihlopha tse 'maloa ho latela maemo a mocheso ao ba a koahelang:

1. Tg PCB e Phahameng: Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li tsebahala ka ts'ebetso ea tsona e phahameng ea mocheso. Le hoja hangata ho lumeloa hore litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa Tg li lula li le betere, kamano e mpe le ho feta. Litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa Tg li liehisa ho qala ha katoloso e kholo ea mocheso bakeng sa sistimi e itseng ea polymer. Leha ho le joalo, boitšoaro ba katoloso ka kakaretso bo ntse bo ka fapana ho ea ka thepa. Lisebelisoa tse nang le mocheso o tlase oa phetoho ea likhalase li ka bonts'a katoloso e tlase ha e bapisoa le lisebelisoa tse nang le boleng bo holimo ba Tg.
2. Medium Tg PCB: Li-PCB tsa Tg tse mahareng li khetholloa ka boleng ba Tg ba mahareng. Ba fana ka ho leka-lekana pakeng tsa ho boloka litšenyehelo le ho sebetsa ha mocheso. Lisebelisoa tsa Medium Tg hangata li fumana lits'ebetso moo li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li seng bohlokoa empa botsitso bo betere ba mocheso bo ntse bo hlokahala ha bo bapisoa le li-PCB tse tloaelehileng.
3. Tg PCB e tlase: Li-PCB tsa Tg tse tlase li na le litekanyetso tse tlase tsa Tg 'me li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong moo litšenyehelo le ts'ebetso ea mocheso li lumellanang le thepa ea thepa ena.

Lisebelisoa tsa High Tg PCBs

Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li fumana lits'ebetso liindastering le maemong a fapaneng moo botsitso le ts'epahalo e ikhethang li leng bohlokoa:

1. Thepa ea Puisano: Thepa ea marang-rang, lisebelisoa tsa puisano tsa fiber optic, le liteishene tse se nang mohala li hloka li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg ka lebaka la tlhoko ea tsona ea ts'epahalo e ntle ea motlakase le ts'ebetso libakeng tsa maqhubu a holimo le mocheso o phahameng.
2. Thepa ea Taolo ea Indasteri: Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li sebelisoa ho liroboto, litsamaiso tsa boiketsetso, le lisebelisoa tsa taolo ea indasteri tse sebetsang maemong a mongobo o phahameng, mocheso o phahameng le o sisinyehang haholo, tse hlokang matla a matla a mochini le botsitso ba mocheso.
3. Lisebelisoa tsa Elektronike tsa Likoloi: Li-sensor, lik'homphieutha tse ka har'a boto, li-dashboards, le lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa likoloi li rua molemo ho sebelisoa ha Tg PCB e phahameng. Likahare tsa likoloi hangata li na le liphetoho tse kholo tsa mocheso, tse hlokang li-PCB tse ka mamellang khatello e phahameng ea mocheso.
4. Aerospace: Indasteri ea sepakapaka e hloka lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse hanyetsanang le mocheso o phahameng le ho ts'epahala. Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg FR4 li sebelisoa haholo ho lisathelaete, lifofane, le lisebelisoa tsa ho tsamaisa likepe ho mamella liphetoho tse feteletseng tsa mocheso le maemo a thata a ho sebetsa.
5. Lisebelisoa tsa Bongaka: Lisebelisoa tsa bongaka li hloka bokhoni ba ho sebetsa tlas'a mocheso o phahameng oa ho thibela likokoana-hloko le maemo a ho thibela likokoana-hloko. Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa taolong ea limisaele, lits'ebetso tsa radar, lisebelisoa tsa mahlale, likhokahano tsa sesole le lits'ebetso tse ling tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa tsa bongaka.

Melemo ea High Tg PCBs

Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li fana ka melemo e mengata ka lebaka la thepa ea tsona e ikhethang ea mocheso:

1. Ho tšoarella ha Mocheso o Phahameng: Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li bonts'a ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng haholo ha li ntse li boloka botšepehi ba sebopeho. Ha li holofale kapa ha li sothe ha li pepesehile mocheso, li netefatsa ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele tlas'a khatello e matla ea mocheso.
2. Matla a Maholo a Mechini: Li-PCB tsena ka tlhaho li khona ho mamella 'me li khona ho mamella khatello ea maikutlo le khatello e phahameng. Ka karolo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e eketsehileng, ho tšoarella ha bona le ts'ebetso ea mechine e ntlafala.
3. Tšepahala e Ntlafetseng: Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li tšepahala ho feta li-PCB tse tloaelehileng, li lula li fana ka ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea motlakase le maemong a thata a tikoloho a nang le mocheso o feteletseng.
4. Matla a Phahameng a Matla: Li-PCB tsa setso li sokola ho sebelisa matla a phahameng a matla ka lebaka la mocheso o hlahisoang ke likaroloana. Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li ka qhala mocheso ka katleho, tsa lumella ho beoa ha likarolo tse ngata holim'a boto ntle le ho tšoenyeha ho feteletseng.

Thepa ea High Tg PCBs

Lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa Tg PCB li na le mefuta e mengata ea melemo e kenyang letsoho molemong oa ho tšoaneleha bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse batloang haholo:

1. Katoloso e Tlase ea Thermal: Lisebelisoa tsena li bonts'a katoloso e tlase ea mocheso, haholo-holo ka lehlakoreng le ka holimo, e leng bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka botsitso ba sebopeho, haholo libotong tsa High-Density Interconnect (HDI).
2. Ho hanyetsa Mocheso o Phahameng: Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li etselitsoe ho hanela mocheso o phahameng, ho etsa bonnete ba hore li sebetsa ka botšepehi esita le maemong a feteletseng a mocheso.
3. Thepa e Ntle ea Mechini: Ba fana ka matla a matla a mochini, ba matlafatsa bokhoni ba bona ba ho mamella khatello ea maikutlo le ho boloka ts'ebetso.
4. Ho Tšepahala ho Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa ka Likoti: Ho tšepahala ha plated ka likoti (PTHs) ho ntlafatsoa haholo ho Tg PCBs e phahameng, ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho hlōleha ka lebaka la khatello ea mocheso.
5. High Thermal Stress Resistance: Lisebelisoa tsena li na le khanyetso e phahameng ea khatello ea mocheso, e li etsang hore li tšoanelehe bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse tlas'a liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa mocheso.

U Hloka li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg neng?

Tlhokahalo ea li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg e hlaha ha:

1. Boima ba mocheso ho PCB ea hau bo ka tlase ho 25 ℃ ea boleng ba Tg.
2. Sehlahisoa sa hau se sebetsa ka linako tsohle mochesong oa 130℃ kapa ho feta.
3. U fetela ho li-PCB tse lumellanang le RoHS, tseo hangata li hlokang lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa Tg.

Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li bohlokoa ka ho khetheha lits'ebetsong tse se nang loto, moo ho ata ha lisebelisoa tsa mocheso o phahameng ho hloka lisebelisoa tse ka mamellang khatello ea mocheso e eketsehileng.

Boitsebiso bo Bohareng ba Tg PCB

Lisebelisoa tsa Middle Tg PCB li nka sebaka sa bohlokoa sebakeng sa liboto tsa potoloho tse hatisitsoeng, li sebeletsa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng tse hlokang ho leka-lekana ha thepa. Lisebelisoa tsena li khetholloa ke mocheso oa likhalase tsa likhalase tse bohareng 'me li fana ka melemo e ikhethang:

1. Thepa ea Anti-CAF: Lisebelisoa tsa PCB tsa Middle Tg li hanana le Conductive Anodic Filament (CAF), li li etsa hore li tšoanelehe bakeng sa tlhahiso ea PCB moo CAF e leng ngongoreho.
2. E Setsoalle le Tikoloho: Lisebelisoa tsena ha li na phosphorus le halogen, tse tlatsetsang polokehong ea tsona ea tikoloho.
3. UL-94 Flammability: Lisebelisoa tsa Middle Tg PCB li khomarela litekanyetso tsa UL-94 V-0 tsa ho chesa, ho fana ka lintlha tse mabapi le boitšoaro ba tsona ba ho tuka.
4. Ts'ebetso e Ntle ea Thermal: Lisebelisoa tsa Middle Tg li bonts'a thepa e ntle ea mocheso, e li etsa tse loketseng ho etsa liboto tsa potoloho tse thata le lits'ebetso tse ling tse sebetsang hantle haholo.

Lisebelisoa tsa Middle Tg PCBs

Li-PCB tsa Middle Tg li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng, ho kenyelletsa:

1. Consumer Electronics: Li-substrates tse lehlakoreng le le leng tse nang le thepa e bohareng ea Tg li sebelisoa hangata ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki joalo ka mehala, likonopo, li-consoles tsa lipapali le li-stereo.
2. Silver Through-Hole Substrates: Middle Tg PCBs li loketse lits'ebetso moo ho roala ha koporo ho sa khoneng ho theha masoba, 'me likoti li etsoa ka ho li tlatsa ka pente ea silevera.

Mekhoa ea Tlhahlobo ea Thermal bakeng sa PCB Middle Tg

Ho lekola ts'ebetso ea mocheso oa lisebelisoa tsa PCB ho bohlokoa ho baetsi ba elektroniki. Mekhoa e mengata ea tlhahlobo ea mocheso e teng ho lekola lisebelisoa tsa PCB, ho kenyelletsa:

1. Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA): TMA e lekanya liphetoho tsa 'mele oa thepa ho latela phapang ea mocheso. E lekola liphetoho tsa boholo, bophahamo, boima ba 'mele, le thepa e' ngoe, e thusa ho tseba mocheso oa phetoho ea khalase (Tg) le botsitso ba sebopeho.
2. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA): TGA e lekanya liphetoho tsa boima ba thepa ha e ntse e le tlas'a taolo ea ho eketseha ha mocheso. E fana ka leseli mabapi le ho theola boima ba 'mele le likamano tsa mocheso, ho thusa ho utloisisa ho senyeha ha mocheso le botsitso ba thepa.
3. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA): DMA e lekola viscoelasticity ea thepa, e leng motsoako oa viscosity le elasticity. E hlahloba hore na thepa e otloloha le ho kobeha joang ha e tsamaisoa le ho fetoha ha mocheso. DMA e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ithuta Tg le thepa ea mocheso.

Hangata baenjiniere ba tiisa taba ena hammoho le tlhahiso ea PCB ea motlakase o phahameng le lintlha tsa PCB tsa transformer ea motlakase ha ba lokisa moaho o tšepahalang oa PCB kapa PCBA.

Bohareng ba Tg PCB Material vs. High Tg PCB Material

Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) ke mokokotlo oa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa sejoale-joale, 'me ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng ea PCB ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa le ho ts'epahala. Mefuta e 'meli e tloaelehileng ea lisebelisoa tsa PCB tse nang le thepa e ikhethang ea mocheso ke Middle Tg (Glass Transition Temperature) le High Tg PCBs. Tlhahlobisong ena ea papiso, re tla hlahloba phapang lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa Middle Tg le High Tg PCB, lits'ebetso tsa tsona, le nako ea ho khetha e 'ngoe ho fapana le e ngoe.

1. Mocheso oa Phetoho ea Khalase (Tg):
   • Bohareng ba Tg PCB Material: Li-PCB tsa Tg tse Bohareng li na le mocheso oa phetoho oa khalase hangata o pakeng tsa 130 ℃ le 150 ℃. Sena se bolela hore ba ka mamella mocheso o itekanetseng ntle le ho lahleheloa ke sebopeho sa bona sa botšepehi.
   • Lintho tse Phahameng tsa Tg PCB: Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg, ka lehlakoreng le leng, li na le mocheso oa phetoho oa khalase o fetang 170 ℃. Lisebelisoa tsena li ka mamella mocheso o phahameng haholo ntle le ho fetela sebakeng sa rabara.
2. Thermal Stability:
   • Middle Tg PCB Material: Middle Tg PCBs e fana ka botsitso bo botle ba mocheso 'me e khona ho sebetsana le mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa elektroniki ntle le bothata. Li loketse lihlahisoa tse sebetsang ka har'a mocheso o itekanetseng oa mocheso.
   • Lintho tse Phahameng tsa Tg PCB: Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li ipabola ka botsitso ba mocheso 'me li loketse lits'ebetso tse tlas'a mocheso o phahameng. Ba boloka botšepehi ba bona ba sebopeho esita le libakeng tse nang le mocheso o phahameng, ho etsa hore ba tšoanelehe bakeng sa likopo tse boima.
3. dikopo:
   • Bohareng ba Tg PCB Material: Li-PCB tsa Tg tse Bohareng li sebelisoa hangata ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki, joalo ka li-smartphone, likonopo, le lisebelisoa tsa molumo, moo mocheso o sebetsang o leng ka har'a mefuta e bohareng ea Tg. Li boetse li loketse lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa elektronike tse sebelisoang ka kakaretso.
   • Lintho tse Phahameng tsa Tg PCB: Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li fumana tšebeliso e pharaletseng liindastering moo ho pepesehela mocheso o phahameng ho tloaelehileng. Sena se kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tsa likoloi, sebaka sa sefofane, lisebelisoa tsa taolo ea indasteri, le lisebelisoa tsa puisano tsa maqhubu a holimo.
4. Mehopolo ea Tikoloho:
   • Boitsebiso ba Tg PCB bo Bohareng: Lisebelisoa tsa PCB tse bohareng tsa Tg hangata li na le botsoalle ho tikoloho, ha li na phosphorus kapa halogen. Ke khetho e ntle ha melao ea tikoloho le ts'ireletso e le lintho tse tlang pele.
   • Lisebelisoa tse Phahameng tsa Tg PCB: Lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa Tg PCB li kanna tsa ba le litlatsetso ho ntlafatsa thepa ea tsona ea mocheso, tse ka amang boemo ba tsona ba tikoloho. Nahana ka melao ea tikoloho ha u khetha lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa Tg.
5. Litšenyehelo:
   • Middle Tg PCB Material: Lisebelisoa tsa Middle Tg PCB hangata li na le litšenyehelo tse ngata ho feta li-Tg tsa tsona tse phahameng. Sena se ba etsa khetho e ratoang bakeng sa merero e amanang le tekanyetso.
   • Lintho tse Phahameng tsa Tg PCB: Lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa Tg PCB hangata li theko e phahameng haholo ka lebaka la thepa ea tsona e tsoetseng pele ea mocheso. Leha ho le joalo, litšenyehelo tse ekelitsoeng li nepahetse lits'ebetsong tse hlokang khanyetso ea mocheso o phahameng.
6. Maemo a Khethehileng a Tšebeliso:
   • Bohareng ba Tg PCB Material: Khetha li-PCB tsa Middle Tg bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse sa hlokeng ho hanyetsa mocheso o feteletseng empa tse hlokang ho boloka litšenyehelo, botsitso ba mocheso, le ho ts'epahala.
   • Tg PCB Material: Khetha li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg ha u rala lihlahisoa tse etselitsoeng maemo a thata a nang le mocheso o phahameng, litlhoko tse thata tsa ts'epo, le bophelo bo atolositsoeng ba ts'ebeletso.

Qetello: Khetho lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa Middle Tg le High Tg PCB e ipapisitse le litlhoko tsa mocheso oa sesebelisoa sa hau, likhaello tsa tekanyetso, le lintlha tsa tikoloho. Li-PCB tsa Middle Tg li loketse mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa elektroniki, athe High Tg PCB li bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse tlas'a mocheso o phahameng le maemo a boima. Khetho e hlokolosi ea thepa e bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea nako e telele le ts'epahalo ea lihlahisoa tsa hau tsa elektroniki.

fihlela qeto e

Phapang ea mocheso ke taba ea bohlokoa lefats'eng la li-PCBA, moo thepa ea thepa, haholo-holo Glass Transition Temperature (Tg), e bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'epo le ts'ebetso. Li-PCB tse phahameng tsa Tg li fumana lits'ebetso liindastering tse boima, tse fanang ka khanyetso e ikhethang ea mocheso, matla a mochini le ts'epahalo. Lisebelisoa tsa Middle Tg PCB li sebeletsa linyeoe tse khethehileng tse hlokang ho leka-lekana ha thepa, ho kenyelletsa ho hanyetsa Conductive Anodic Filament (CAF) le botsoalle ba tikoloho. Mekhoa ea ho hlahloba mocheso e fana ka leseli la bohlokoa mabapi le thepa ea mocheso ea PCB, e thusang khethong ea thepa le ho ntlafatsa moralo. Ho utloisisa phello ea mocheso ho PCBAs le ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng ke mehato ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa bophelo bo bolelele le ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki maemong a fapaneng a ts'ebetso.