PCB Resistor Types: Tataiso e Feletseng ea Phano bakeng sa Tlhahiso ea Elektronike

Selelekela

Ho utloisisa mefuta ea li-resistor tsa PCB ke habohlokoa bakeng sa moralo o atlehang oa potoloho, ntlafatso ea litšenyehelo, le ho netefatsa botšepehi ba nako e telele ho pholletsa le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki, tsa indasteri le tsa likoloi. Li-resistor li sebeletsa mesebetsi ea bohlokoa lipotolohong tsa sejoale-joale ho kenyeletsoa ho fokotsa hona joale, karohano ea motlakase, ho khetholla matšoao, ho lemoha hona joale le tšireletso ea potoloho.

Baenjineri le lihlopha tsa ho reka thepa li tlameha ho tsamaea ka mekhahlelo e mengata e hanyetsanang ho ipapisitsoe le theknoloji e ntseng e eketseha, litlhoko tse nepahetseng, ts'ebetso ea motlakase, le litšobotsi tse ikhethileng tsa ts'ebeliso. Ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa mohanyetsi oa PCB ho ama ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa ka kotloloho, tlhahiso ea tlhahiso, le litšenyehelo tsohle tsa beng.

Kakaretso ea Phapang ea Mefuta ea PCB Resistor

Mefuta e hanyetsanang ea PCB e ka aroloa ho ea ka litekanyo tse ngata. Tafole e ka tlase e theha moralo o felletseng oa lihlopha:

Moralo ona o thusa baenjiniere ho tseba ka potlako mefuta e loketseng ea ho hanyetsa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa PCB ho latela litlhoko tsa motlakase, mathata a 'mele le maemo a tikoloho.

1. Mefuta e hanyetsanang le SMD

Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea SMD le Kaho

Mefuta e hanyetsanang ea SMD e laola likopano tsa sejoale-joale tsa PCB ka lebaka la maoto a compact le tlhophiso e ikemetseng ea ho beoa. Mefuta e tloaelehileng e tloha ho 0201 (0.6mm × 0.3mm) ho ea ho 1206 (3.2mm × 1.6mm), 'me kaho ea filimi e teteaneng e atile haholo. Mefuta e fapaneng ea filimi e tšesaane e fana ka litlhoko tse nepahetseng moo ho mamellana le mocheso o tlase.

Litsamaiso tsa Khoutu le Litekanyetso tsa Matla

Li-resistors tsa SMD li sebelisa litsamaiso tse tharo tsa mantlha tsa ho tšoaea: likhoutu tsa linomoro tse 3 bakeng sa likarolo tse tloaelehileng tsa mamello, likhoutu tsa linomoro tse 4 bakeng sa likarolo tse nepahetseng tsa 1%, le likhoutu tsa alphanumeric tsa EIA-96 bakeng sa liphutheloana tse nang le sebaka se fokolang. Litekanyetso tsa matla li tloha ho 0.031W bakeng sa boholo ba 0201 ho isa ho 0.25W bakeng sa 1206, 'me ho hlokahala mocheso o fetang 70°C.

Litlhaloso tsa Moqapi oa PCB bakeng sa Mefuta ea SMD

Moralo o nepahetseng oa sebopeho sa mobu, taolo ea mocheso, le tlhahlobo e phahameng ea bokhoni ba hajoale li bohlokoa ha ho hlakisoa mefuta e hanyetsanang le SMD. Pad geometry e tlameha ho fana ka sebopeho sa solder fillet ha e ntse e fokotsa kotsi ea mabitla nakong ea ho phalla. Likopo li kenyelletsa li-smartphone, li-module tsa puisano, le liboto tsa bo-mme tsa khomphutha moo litlhoko le ts'epahalo li kopanang.

2. Ka-Hole Hole Resistor Mefuta

Likarolo tsa THT tse thehiloeng ho lintho tse bonahalang

Mefuta e hanyetsanang ka lesoba e kenyelletsa filimi ea carbon, filimi ea tšepe, tšepe ea oxide, le mefuta e fapaneng ea wirewound, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e fana ka litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa ts'ebetso:

• Li-resistors tsa filimi ea carbon - Ts'ebetso ea kakaretso e bolokang litšenyehelo e nang le botsitso bo itekanetseng ho pholletsa le mefuta e tloaelehileng ea mocheso.
• Lisebelisoa tsa lifilimi tsa tšepe - Mamello e matla le botsitso bo phahameng ba mocheso bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse nepahetseng tse hlokang ts'ebetso e ntle ea nako e telele.
• Metal oxide resistors - Bokhoni ba matla a phahameng le ho sebetsana le pulse ka mokhoa o babatsehang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa motlakase le li-circuits tse atisang ho etsoa.
• Li-resistors tsa terata - Phallo e phahameng ea matla e nang le litšoaneleho tsa inductive tse loketseng lits'ebetso tsa morao-rao tse phahameng.

Ho hloella le ho Itsebahatsa

Bahanyetsi ba THT ba sebelisa litsamaiso tse emeng tsa lihlopha tsa mebala bakeng sa ho tsebahatsa boleng, ka lihlopha tse 'ne ho isa ho tse tšeletseng tse bonts'ang khanyetso, mamello le coefficient ea mocheso. Tlhophiso ea lead ea Axial e thusa ho ts'oara ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ka mokhoa oa ho soahla ka maqhubu kapa ka mekhoa e khethiloeng ea solder.

Likopo tsa Liindasteri

Ho kenya likoti ho fana ka matla a holimo a mochini le ho felloa ke mocheso bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa indasteri, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa likoloi le lisebelisoa tse boima tsa taolo. Lisebelisoa tsa THT tse nang le matla hangata li kenyelletsa matlo a ceramic kapa lisinki tsa mocheso oa aluminium bakeng sa ts'ebetso e ntlafalitsoeng ea mocheso.

3. Mefuta e nepahetseng ea ho hanyetsa bakeng sa PCB

Litlhaloso tsa Mamello le Mocheso

Mefuta e hanyetsanang e nepahetseng e finyella mamello ea ± 1%, ± 0.1%, kapa ± 0.01% ka li-coefficients tsa mocheso ho tloha ± 5ppm/°C ho ea ± 25ppm/°C. Mehaho ea filimi e tšesaane le ea tšepe e nolofalletsa lintlha tsena ka mekhoa e laoloang ea ho beha le lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa substrate tse fokotsang ho hoholeha.

Theknoloji ea Kaho

Thin-filimi precision resistors e beha lintho tse hanyetsanang ka har'a mekhahlelo e boima ba nanometers, e nolofalletsang taolo e nepahetseng ea ho hanyetsa le liphello tse fokolang tsa likokoana-hloko. Mefuta e fapaneng ea tšepe ea tšepe e kopanya likaroloana tsa tšepe tse tšesaane ho likaroloana tsa ceramic, ho fihlela botsitso bo ikhethang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse hlokang ho bolokoa nako e telele.

Lisebelisoa tse Bohlokoa

Lisebelisoa tsa bongaka, li-circuits tsa sensor conditioning, li-amplifiers tse nepahetseng, le marang-rang a litšupiso tsa ADC/DAC li itšetlehile ka mefuta e nepahetseng ea ho hanyetsa ho boloka botšepehi ba matšoao. Likarolo tsena hangata li bitsa chelete e ngata haholo ho feta lihanyetsi tse tloaelehileng, ho lokafatsa tšebeliso ea tsona feela moo litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso li fetang bokhoni bo tloaelehileng ba likarolo.

4. Mefuta ea ho hanyetsa Matla

Lihlopha tsa kaho

Mefuta e thibelang matla e kenyelletsa lihanyetsi tsa matla a lifilimi tse teteaneng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa holim'a holim'a metsi, lisebelisoa tsa wirewound bakeng sa ho sebetsana le matla a mangata, lihanyetsi tsa samente bakeng sa tšebeliso ea indasteri e sa jeng litšenyehelo, le li-resistors tse entsoeng ka aluminium bakeng sa ho kenya chassis. Kaho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e sebetsana le litlhokahalo tse khethehileng tsa taolo ea mocheso le ho felloa ke matla ho ipapisitse le lithibelo tsa kopo.

Litlhoko tsa Tsamaiso ea Mocheso

Lihanyetsi tsa motlakase li hloka moralo o hlokolosi oa mocheso o kenyelletsang tšollo ea koporo e lekaneng bakeng sa mefuta ea SMD, ho tiisa mochini bakeng sa mefuta e fapaneng ea chassis-mount, le li-interface tsa sink ea mocheso. Lipalo tsa ho hanyetsa mocheso li tlameha ho ikarabella bakeng sa mocheso o teng, maemo a phallo ea moea, le ho futhumatsa karolo e haufi ho thibela mocheso o phahameng oa ts'ebetso.

Lisebelisoa tse Matla a Phahameng

Balaoli ba makoloi, lisebelisoa tsa motlakase, li-circuits tsa bakhanni ba LED, le lisebelisoa tse nchafatsang tsa braking li sebelisa mefuta e thibelang matla e lekantsoeng ho tloha ho 1W ho isa ho 100W. Ho nyenyefatsa ka nepo ka tloaelo ho lekanyetsa ho senyeha ha 'nete ho 50-70% ea matla a lekantsoeng ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang ho pholletsa le bophelo ba sehlahisoa.

5. Resistor Array le Mefuta ea Marang-rang

Sebaka le Melemo e Bapisang

Mefuta e mengata ea li-resistor e kopanya likarolo tse ngata tse hanyetsanang ka har'a liphutheloana tse le 'ngoe, e fokotsa maoto a PCB ka 40-60% ha e bapisoa le likarolo tse fapaneng ha e ntse e tiisa litšobotsi tse tšoanang. Liphutheloana tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa SIP, SOIC, le liforomo tse khethehileng tsa SMD tse etselitsoeng lisebelisoa tsa ho beha tse ikemetseng.

Litlhophiso tsa Marang-rang

Li-arrays li entsoe ka litlhophiso tse ikhethileng moo ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e sebetsang e ikemetse, kapa li-topology tsa libese moo terminal e le 'ngoe e hokahanyang lihanyetsi tsohle. Lipalo tsa Element li tloha ho tse 'ne ho isa ho tse leshome le metso e ts'eletseng ka har'a sephutheloana se nang le mamello e tšoanang hangata ka har'a ± 0.1% element-to-element, e bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea phapang le borokho.

Lisebelisoa tsa Moralo

Li-circuits tsa matrix tsa keyboard, li-network tsa I/O pull-up/pull-down tsa dijithale, le FPGA ea ho felisoa ha sebopeho sa FPGA e rua molemo ho tsoa ho mefuta e mengata ea li-resistor. Litšobotsi tse tsamaellanang li iponahatsa li le bohlokoa haholo ho li-circuits tsa matšoao le li-sensor borokho moo ho se lumellane ho theolang ts'ebetso ka kotloloho.

6. Mefuta ea Fusible Resistor

Tšireletso ea Mesebetsi e Mebeli

Mefuta e hanyetsanang ea Fusible e kopanya khanyetso e thibelang hona joale le tšireletso e feteletseng, ho bula potoloho ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ha maqhubu a phoso a feta litekanyo tse lekantsoeng. Kaho ea tšepe ea oxide e fana ka litšobotsi tse ka lebelloang tsa ho hloleha le ho monya matla a matla pele ho tšitiso, ho thibela likotsi tsa mollo maemong a phoso.

Tšireletso Likopo

Lisebelisoa tsa bareki, li-circuits tsa mantlha tsa phepelo ea motlakase, le li-circuits tsa ts'ireletso ea enjene li kenyelletsa li-resistors tse nang le fusible e le tšireletso ea pele khahlano le ho hloleha ha koluoa. Likarolo tsena li kopana le litlhoko tse thata tsa litekanyetso tsa lelakabe 'me li ke ke tsa nkeloa sebaka ke mefuta e tloaelehileng ea khanyetso ea PCB ntle le ho sekisetsa litifikeiti tsa polokeho.

Khetho ea khetho

Baenjineri ba tlameha ho hlakisa mefuta ea li-resistors tsa fusible tse ipapisitseng le ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea hajoale, boholo bo lebelletsoeng ba phoso ea hajoale, litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa motlakase, le matla a ho robeha a hlokahalang. Ho hokahanya le lisebelisoa tsa ts'ireletso tse holimo ho netefatsa hore ho na le phokotso e nepahetseng tsamaisong eohle.

7. Mefuta ea Mohanyetsi oa PCB e Itšetlehileng ka Mocheso

Litšobotsi tsa Thermistor tsa NTC

Mefuta ea thermistor ea NTC e bonts'a khanyetso e fokotsehang ha mocheso o ntse o eketseha, ho latela li-curve tsa exponential tse khetholloang ke boleng ba beta. Likopo li kenyelletsa li-circuits tsa ho lekanya mocheso, ho fokotsa matla a motlakase, le marang-rang a matšeliso a mocheso moo li-coefficients tse mpe tsa mocheso li fanang ka botsitso.

PTC Thermistor Boitšoaro

Mefuta ea thermistor ea PTC e bonts'a khanyetso e ntseng e eketseha ka mocheso o ntseng o phahama, o bonts'a khanyetso e matla e eketsehang ka holim'a mocheso o fetotsoeng. Boitšoaro bona bo thusa ho iketsetsa ts'ireletso ea overcurrent, taolo ea lintho tse futhumatsang, le li-circuits tsa ho qala koloi moo ho hlaphoheloa ka bohona kamora ho hlakola liphoso ho leng molemo.

Material Systems

Thermistor ea NTC hangata e sebelisa lirafshoa tsa sintered metal oxide ceramics tse nang le manganese, nickel, kapa cobalt, ha mefuta e fapaneng ea PTC e sebelisa ceramic titanate ceramics kapa conductive polymer formulations. Khetho lipakeng tsa mefuta ena e hanyetsanang le mocheso bakeng sa meralo ea PCB e ipapisitse le hore na lits'ebetso li hloka tekanyo ea tekanyo, ts'ireletso ea ts'ireletso, kapa taolo ea ho futhumatsa.

8. Mefuta e khethehileng ea PCB Resistor

Shunt Resistors

Mefuta e hanyetsanang ea li-shunt e fana ka tekanyo e tlaase, e nepahetseng haholo ea hona joale tsamaisong ea matla le lisebelisoa tsa ho hlahloba betri. Litlhophiso tsa Kelvin tse nang le li-terminal tse 'nè li felisa liphoso tsa ho hanyetsa li-lead, tse nolofalletsang kutloisiso e nepahetseng ea hona joale maemong a phahameng a amperage moo litekanyetso tsa ho hanyetsa milliohm li tloaelehileng.

Li-Jumpers tsa Zero-Ohm

Li-resistors tsa Zero-ohm li sebetsa e le li-jumpers tse ntšitsoeng nakong ea prototyping le ho nolofalletsa mokhoa o bonolo oa PCB ntle le ho kenya terata ea jumper e inehetseng. Likarolo tsena li nolofatsa taolo ea thepa le lits'ebetso tsa ho kopanya ka boiketsetso ha li ntse li boloka li sebelisana le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa ho beoa.

Varistors le Photoresistors

Li-Varistors li fana ka khatello ea nakoana ea motlakase ka ho hanyetsa motlakase, ha li-photoresistors li thusa lits'ebetso tse utloang khanya. Mefuta ena e ikhethileng ea li-resistants tsa PCB moo likarolo tse tloaelehileng tsa ho hanyetsa li ke keng tsa fana ka ts'ebetso e hlokahalang.

Ho khetha Mofuta o nepahetseng oa PCB Resistor

Tlhatlhobo ea Matla le Derating

Khetho e nepahetseng e qala ka ho bala ho felloa ke matla ha 'nete le ho sebelisa 50% derating bakeng sa ts'epo e tloaelehileng kapa 70% e nyenyefatsa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse bohlokoa haholo. Mefuta e hanyetsanang ea PCB e tlameha ho boloka lithempereichara tsa mateano ka tlase ho litekanyetso tse phahameng ho pholletsa le maemo a lebeletsoeng a tikoloho, ho ikarabella bakeng sa mehloli ea mocheso e haufi le mefokolo ea phallo ea moea.

Precision Bapisoa le Litšenyehelo

Li-resistance tse tloaelehileng tsa mamello li bitsa $ 0.02-0.05 ha mefuta e nepahetseng e tloha ho $ 0.15 ho ea ho lidolara tse 'maloa ka karolo. Baenjiniere ba lokela ho hlakisa litšobotsi tse nepahetseng feela moo ts'ebetso ea potoloho e hlokang mamello e tiileng, TCR e tlaase, kapa botsitso bo ikhethang, kaha litlhaloso tse sa hlokahaleng tse nepahetseng li kenya litšenyehelo tsa BOM ntle le melemo ea ts'ebetso.

Tlhokomelo ea Tikoloho

Tikoloho ea ts'ebetso e laela ho hanyetsa mongobo, bokhoni ba ho palama baesekele ea mocheso, le mamello ea khatello ea mochini bakeng sa mefuta e fapaneng ea lihanyetsi tsa PCB:

• Likopo tsa likoloi - Likarolo tse tšoanelehang tsa AEC-Q200 tse nang le mefuta e atolositsoeng ea mocheso le ho hanyetsa mongobo.
• Libaka tsa indasteri - Tšebelisano ea ho roala ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng le khanyetso ea vibration bakeng sa maemo a thata a ts'ebetso.
• Mechini ea motlakase ea bareki - Limaraka tsa maemo a holimo tse ntlafalitsoeng ka litšenyehelo tse nang le ts'ebetso e lekaneng bakeng sa tikoloho e laoloang ea kahare.
• Lisebelisoa tsa bongaka - Mefuta e nepahetseng e nang le botsitso bo tlalehiloeng le traceability bakeng sa litlhoko tsa ho latela melao.

Ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa resistor bakeng sa tikoloho ka 'ngoe ea ts'ebetso ho netefatsa ts'epo ea nako e telele le ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho hloleha ha likarolo pele ho nako lits'ebetsong tsa lefats'e la nnete.

fihlela qeto e

Bohlokoa ba Khetho ea Tsamaiso ea Mohanyetsi

• Lintlha tsa liqeto tse akaretsang - Litšitiso tsa motlakase, mocheso, mochini le moruo li tlameha ho nahanoa hammoho ho fapana le ho itšetleha ka khetho ea likarolo tse sa fetoheng.
• Likhoebo tsa boenjiniere - Mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lihanyetsi tsa PCB e bonts'a likhohlano tse ke keng tsa qojoa lipakeng tsa ts'ebetso, litšenyehelo, le ts'epahalo.
• Sesebelisoa se loketseng - Lihanyetsi tsa SMD tse tloaelehileng tsa lifilimi tse tenya li khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa sepheo se akaretsang, athe mefuta e ikhethileng e lokafatsa litšenyehelo tsa bona feela ka meralo e tsamaisoang ke mathata.

Ke Hobane'ng ha Theknoloji ea Kaho e le ea Bohlokoa

• Thin-filimi ho nepahala molemo - Botsitso bo phahameng ba TCR bo tsoa ho fisiks ea lintho tse bonahalang, eseng ho tsoa ho matla a ho etsa thepa.
• Bokhoni ba ho phahama ha Wirewound - Kaho ea mantlha e thusa ho sebetsana le maqhubu a phahameng a tla senya li-resistors tse thehiloeng lifiliming.
• Ts'ebetso e tsamaisoang ke lintho tse bonahalang - Liphapang tsa 'nete tsa ts'epahalo li tsoa sebopehong le sebopehong, eseng lileibole tsa lethathamo kapa mantsoe a papatso.

Tsebo ea Boenjiniere bo Sebetsang

• Tlhaloso holim'a tloaelo - Khetho ea mohanyetsi e lokela ho latela litlhoko tse lekantsoeng ho fapana le moetlo oa likarolo kapa tsebo ea phepelo.
• Tlhokomeliso ea tlhahiso - Ho utloisisa mekhoa ea ho etsa lintho ho thusa ho qoba ho se lumellane pakeng tsa ts'ebetso e lebelletsoeng le ea 'nete maemong a tšimo.
• Ho etsa liqeto ka tsebo - Tlhokomeliso ea mahlale a motheo a kaho e thusa baenjiniere ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa mohanyetsi ka kholiseho.

Bakeng sa merero e hlokang mefuta e khethehileng ea resistor bakeng sa likopano tsa PCB kapa netefatso ea khetho ea likarolo , Highleap Electronics e fana ka moralo bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea tlhahiso le tlhahlobo ea mehloli ho ntlafatsa litlhaloso bakeng sa ts'epo ea tlhahiso.