Lethathamo la PPAP bakeng sa Tlhahiso ea Lifoldara tsa PCB

Tsamaiso ea Kamohelo ea Karolo ea Tlhahiso (PPAP) e fana ka moralo o tloaelehileng oa ho netefatsa hore mofani oa boto ea potoloho e hatisitsoeng a ka hlahisa likarolo tse lumellanang le litlhaloso tsa bareki ka linako tsohle. Qalong e qapiloe bakeng sa liketane tsa phepelo ea likoloi, PPAP e se e amohetsoe haholo tlhahisong ea PCB bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa lifofane, tsa bongaka le tsa indasteri. Tataiso ena e hlalosa karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea PPAP, e hlakisa hore na PPAP e fapana joang le Tlhahlobo ea Sengoloa sa Pele, 'me e fana ka sebopeho se sebetsang sa foldara bakeng sa ho hlophisa litokomane. Hore na u moenjiniere oa theko kapa mookameli oa boleng, referense ena e tla u thusa ho tsamaea ka litlhoko tsa PPAP le ho theha litebello tse hlakileng le balekane ba hau ba tlhahiso.

Tafole ea likateng

1. PPAP ke Eng Hona Hobaneng e le ea Bohlokoa bakeng sa Li-PCB?
2. Likarolo tse 18 tsa PPAP tse Sebelisitsoeng Tlhahisong ea PCB
3. Maemo a PPAP le Litlhoko tsa ho Romela
4. Tlhahlobo ea PPAP khahlanong le ea Sehlooho sa Pele (FAI)
5. Mohlala oa Sebopeho sa Foldara ea PPAP
6. Liphephetso tse Tloaelehileng Liphuthelong tsa PCB PPAP
7. FAQs

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PPAP ke Eng Hona Hobaneng e le ea Bohlokoa bakeng sa Li-PCB?

PPAP ke mokhoa oa netefatso ea boleng o netefatsang hore ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea mofani e ka hlahisa likarolo tse lumellanang le litlhaloso tsa boenjiniere khafetsa. Bakeng sa tlhahiso ea PCB, sena se bolela ho bontša hore kaho ea stackup, ho cheka, ho plating, ho fata le ho qeta holim'a metsi li laoloa pele tlhahiso ea bophahamo e qala.

Ts'ebetso ena e simolohile ho Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) empa e fetotswe ho pholletsa le diindasteri moo ho latelwa le netefatso ya tshebetso e leng bohlokwa. Tlhahiso e felletseng ya PPAP e fana ka bopaki bo ngotsweng ba hore mofani wa thepa o utlwisisa ditlhoko tsohle tsa bareki le hore tshebetso ya tlhahiso e kgona ho di fihlela nakong ya tshebetso ya sebele—eseng feela dikaho tsa mehlala.

Melemo ea bohlokoa ea PPAP tlhahisong ea PCB e kenyelletsa:

• Netefatso ea ts'ebetso: e tiisa hore lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso li tsamaellana le sepheo sa moralo
• Tlhahlobo ea bothata ba pele: e hlahisa mathata a ka bang teng a bokgoni ba tshebetso pele ho ramp ya bophahamo ba modumo
• Ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo: e hlahisa tsela e hlakileng ea litokomane bakeng sa ho latela melao ea tsamaiso
• Phokotso ea kotsi: e fokotsa ho phonyoha ha boleng nakong ea tlhahiso ea bongata
• Tlhaloso: e netefatsa hore litlhaloso tsa bareki le bokhoni ba mofani oa thepa lia tšoana

Fumana Qotsulo e Potlakileng

Likarolo tse 18 tsa PPAP tse Sebelisitsoeng Tlhahisong ea PCB

Moralo oa PPAP o na le likarolo tse 18, leha e se likarolo tsohle tse sebetsang ka ho lekana morerong o mong le o mong oa PCB. Ka tlase ke karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e hokahantsoeng le ts'ebeliso ea eona tlhahisong ea boto ea potoloho.

Karolo ea 1: Litlaleho tsa Moralo

• Tlhaloso: Litšoantšo tsa bareki, lifaele tsa Gerber, litlhaloso tsa stackup
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Customer
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: E kenyelletsa lethathamo la netlist la IPC, lifaele tsa ho phunya, lintlha tsa tlhahiso

Karolo ea 2: Litokomane tsa Phetoho ea Boenjiniere

• Tlhaloso: Litokomane tsa ECN/ECO bakeng sa liphetoho life kapa life tsa moralo
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Moreki/Mofani
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: E latela nalane ea ntlafatso ho tloha ho mohlala ho ea tlhahisong

Karolo ea 3: Tumello ea Boenjiniere ba Bareki

• Tlhaloso: Tumello ea semmuso ea ho kheloha kapa ho se lumelle letho
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Customer
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: Ho hlokahala ha mofani a kopa diphetoho tsa dipehelo

Karolo ea 4: Moralo oa FMEA

• Tlhaloso: Tlhahlobo ea mokhoa oa ho hloleha ha moralo
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Moreki (ka tlwaelo)
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: Hangata e ruiloe ke moreki bakeng sa meralo ea PCB

Karolo ea 5: Setšoantšo sa Phallo ea Ts'ebetso

• Tlhaloso: 'Mapa o bonahalang oa mehato eohle ea tlhahiso
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: E koahela lamination nakong ea tlhahlobo ea ho qetela

Karolo ea 6: Tsamaiso ea FMEA

• Tlhaloso: Tlhahlobo ea mokhoa oa ho hloleha ha ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: E khetholla likotsi tsa ho cheka, ho plata, ho fata, jj.

Karolo ea 7: Moralo oa Taolo

• Tlhaloso: Litokomane tsa libaka tsa tlhahlobo le mekhoa
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: E hlalosa diparamitha tsa CTQ le maqhubu a tekanyo

Karolo ea 8: Tlhahlobo ea Sistimi ea Tekanyo (MSA)

• Tlhaloso: Lithuto tsa Gage R&R bakeng sa litekanyo tsa bohlokoa
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: Hangata e koahela impedance, boholo ba lesoba, bophara ba mohlala

Karolo ea 9: Liphetho tsa Tekanyo

• Tlhaloso: Litekanyo tsa 'nete ho tsoa lisampoleng tsa tlhahiso
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: Lintlha tsa karolo e fapaneng, litekanyo tsa li-coupon, lintlha tsa CMM

Karolo ea 10: Liphetho tsa Teko ea Lintho/Ts'ebetso

• Tlhaloso: Litifikeiti tsa thepa le lintlha tsa liteko
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: Laminate CoC, litifikeiti tsa koporo ea foil, data ea maske ea solder

Karolo ea 11: Lithuto tsa Ts'ebetso ea Pele

• Tlhaloso: Lintlha tsa bokhoni ba Cpk/Ppk
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: Tsepamisa maikutlo hodima litekanyo tsa bohlokoa le impedance

Karolo ea 12: Litokomane tsa Laboratori tse Tšoanelehang

• Tlhaloso: Lisetifikeiti tsa tumello ea laboratori
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: ISO 17025 kapa e lekanang le eona bakeng sa libaka tsa liteko

Karolo ea 13: Tlaleho ea Kamohelo ea Ponahalo (AAR)

• Tlhaloso: Tumellano ea maemo a pono
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Moreki/Mofani
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: 'Mala oa maske oa solder, ho hlaka ha nalane, ponahalo ea qetello ea bokaholimo

Karolo ea 14: Likarolo tsa Tlhahiso ea Sampole

• Tlhaloso: Disampole tsa 'mele tse tsoang tlhahisong
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: Palo e itšetlehile ka litlhoko tsa bareki

Karolo ea 15: Mohlala o Moholo

• Tlhaloso: Sampole ea litšupiso e bolokiloeng
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: E bolokiloe ho latela litlhoko tsa ho boloka bareki

Karolo ea 16: Lithuso tsa ho Hlahloba

• Tlhaloso: Lisebelisoa, litempele, kapa litekanyo
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Mofani (haeba ho hlokahala)
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: Lisebelisoa tsa teko bakeng sa teko ea motlakase, haeba e etselitsoe uena

Karolo ea 17: Litlhoko tse Ikhethang ho Bareki

• Tlhaloso: Litaelo tse ling tsa bareki
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Customer
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: Litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa indasteri (AS9100, IATF 16949, jj.)

Karolo ea 18: Tiisetso ea ho Romela Karolo (PSW)

• Tlhaloso: Tokomane ea ho saena ka kakaretso
• Ke Mang ea Fanang ka: Morekisi
• Lintlha tse Ikhethang tsa PCB: E phatlalatsa ho latela melao mme e dumella thomello ya tlhahiso

Maemo a PPAP le Litlhoko tsa ho Romela

PPAP e hlalosa maemo a mahlano a ho fana a etsang qeto ea hore na ke litokomane life tse lokelang ho romelloa ka seqo ho fapana le tse bolokiloeng faeleng:

Boemo ba 1: PSW Feela

• Se Rometsoeng: Waranti ea ho Romela Karolo feela
• Taba e Tloaelehileng ea Tšebeliso: Likarolo tse nang le kotsi e tlase, bafepedi ba thehileng ba nang le rekoto e pakiloeng

Boemo ba 2: PSW e nang le Lintlha tse Lekanyelitsoeng

• Se Rometsoeng: PSW e nang le disampole tsa lihlahisoa le data e fokolang e tšehetsang
• Taba e Tloaelehileng ea Tšebeliso: Likarolo tse tloaelehileng tsa khoebo tse nang le kotsi e itekanetseng

Boemo ba 3: PSW e nang le Lintlha tse Felletseng

• Se Rometsoeng: PSW e nang le disampole tsa sehlahisoa le litokomane tse felletseng tse tšehetsang
• Taba e Tloaelehileng ea Tšebeliso: Boemo ba kamehla bakeng sa boholo ba li-PCB tsa likoloi le tsa lifofane

Boemo ba 4: Litlhoko tse Tataisitsoeng ke Bareki

• Se Rometsoeng: PSW e nang le data e felletseng ho latela tataiso e itseng ea moreki
• Taba e Tloaelehileng ea Tšebeliso: Litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa moreki tse fetang PPAP e tloaelehileng

Boemo ba 5: Lintlha tse Felletseng ka Tlhahlobo ea Sebakeng

• Se Rometsoeng: PSW e nang le data e felletseng hammoho le tlhahlobo ea litokomane sebakeng seo
• Taba e Tloaelehileng ea Tšebeliso: Litšebeliso tse kotsi haholo kapa tse bohlokoa bakeng sa polokeho

Bongata ba bareki ba PCB ba hlokang PPAP ba totobatsa Boemo ba 3, bo kenyeletsang ho romelwa ha ditokomane ka botlalo hammoho le diboto tsa mehlala. Boemo bo loketseng bo itshetlehile ka ditlhoko tsa indasteri, bohlokwa ba karolo, le kgolo ya kamano pakeng tsa bareki le bafani.

Tlhahlobo ea PPAP khahlanong le ea Sehlooho sa Pele (FAI)

Leha PPAP le FAI li arolelana sepheo sa ho netefatsa boitokisetso ba tlhahiso, li fapana ka boholo le sebopeho:

Tšimoloho le Maemo

• PPAP: E ntlafalitsoe ke AIAG (Sehlopha sa Ketso sa Indasteri ea Likoloi)
• FAI: E hlalositsoe ke AS9102 (Tekanyetso ea sebaka sa lifofane)

Tsepamiso ea Pele

• PPAP: Bokhoni ba ts'ebetso le taolo—e bontša hore ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e tsitsitse ebile e na le bokhoni
• FAI: Ho latela litekanyo le litlhaloso—ho netefatsa hore lingoloa tsa pele li fihlela litlhoko tsohle

Sebaka sa Litokomane

• PPAP: Lintho tse 18 tse akaretsang ts'ebetso le netefatso ea sehlahisoa
• FAI: Mefuta e meraro e akaretsang Boikarabello ba Karolo, Boikarabello ba Sehlahisoa, le Boikarabello ba Litšobotsi

Mokhoa oa Netefatso ea Ts'ebetso

• PPAP: E hlakileng—e hloka PFMEA, Morero oa Taolo, lintlha tsa SPC, le lithuto tsa bokhoni
• FAI: E sa hlakang—e nka bokhoni ba ts'ebetso ka liphetho tsa netefatso ea litekanyo

Kopo e Tloaelehileng ea Indasteri

• PPAP: Tlhahiso ea likoloi, indasteri le kakaretso
• FAI: Lifofane, tšireletso le lifofane

Litlhoko tsa Mohlala

• PPAP: Disampole tse tswang tlhahisong (eseng mehlala ya diprotokhole)
• FAI: Lihlooho tsa pele tsa tlhahiso ho tsoa ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso

Ha e le hantle, bareki ba bang ba hloka litokomane tsa PPAP le FAI. Sephutheloana sa PPAP se bonts'a bokhoni ba ts'ebetso, ha FAI e fana ka netefatso e qaqileng ea likarolo tse itseng tsa tlhahiso. Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi mabapi le litlhoko tsa tlhahlobo, bona Tlhahlobo ea Sehlooho sa Pele (FAI).

Mohlala oa Sebopeho sa Foldara ea PPAP

Ho hlophisa litokomane tsa PPAP ho nolofatsa ho romelwa le ho hlahlojoa ka mehla. Sebopeho se latelang sa foldara se hokahanya dinomoro tsa foldara le dinomoro tsa karolo ya PPAP bakeng sa ho di shebisisa habonolo:

PPAP_PartNumber_RevX/ ├── 01_Design_Records/ │ ├── Moreki_Drawing.pdf │ ├── Gerber_Files.zip │ ├── Stackup_Specification.pdf │ └── IPC_Netlist.ipc ├── 02_Engineering_Changes/ │ └── ECN_Log.xlsx ├── 03_Customer_Approval/ │ └── Deviation_Waiver.pdf ├── 04_Design_FMEA/ │ └── Customer_DFMEA.xlsx ├── 05_Tshebetso_Phallo/ │ └── Setšoantšo_sa_Phallo_ea_Tshebetso.pdf ├── 06_Tshebetso_ya_FMEA/ │ └── PFMEA.xlsx ├── 07_Moralo_wa_Taolo/ │ └──Moralo_wa_Taolo.xlsx ├── 08_MSA/ │ ├── Gage_RR_Impedance.xlsx │ └── Gage_RR_Hole_Saese.xlsx ├── 09_Dimensional_Results/ │ ├── Microsection_Report.pdf │ ├── CMM_Data.xlsx │ └── Coupon_Measurements.pdf ├── 10_Diphetho_tsa_Teko_ya_Disebediswa/ │ ├── Laminate_CoC.pdf │ ├── Copper_Foil_Cert.pdf │ └── Solder_Mask_TDS.pdf ├── 11_Tshebetso_Bokgoni/ │ ├── Cpk_Impedance.xlsx │ └── Cpk_Hole_Position.xlsx ├── 12_Lab_Documentation/ │ └── ISO17025_Setifikeiti.pdf ├── 13_Kamohelo_ya_Ponahalo/ │ └── AAR_Form.pdf ├── 14_Dikarolo_tsa_Sample/ │ └── Sample_Shipment_Info.txt ├── 15_Sekai_sa_Master/ │ └── Master_Sample_Location.txt ├── 16_Checking_Aids/ │ └── Teko_ya_Setshwantsho_Setshwantsho.pdf ├── 17_Customer_Specific/ │ └── Litlhoko_tsa_Indasteri.pdf └── 18_PSW/ └── Warrant_ea_Karolo_ea_Tlhahiso_ea_Karolo.pdf

Liphephetso tse Tloaelehileng Liphuthelong tsa PCB PPAP

Likheo tsa Litokomane

Ka linako tse ling bafepedi ha ba na mangolo a felletseng a thepa ho tsoa ho barekisi ba holimo. Kopa mangolo a laminate le a koporo qalong ea projeke ho qoba tieho.

Lintlha tsa Bokhoni ba Ts'ebetso

Lithuto tsa pele tsa Cpk li hloka boholo bo lekaneng ba disampole. Lithuto tsa bokhoni bo potlakileng tse nang le data e sa lekaneng li senya bonnete ba tlhahiso ea PPAP.

Taolo ea Bochabiso

Liphetoho tsa moralo nakong ea NPI li ka senya likarolo tsa pele tsa PPAP. ​​Boloka tlhahlobo e hlakileng ea ntlafatso le ho ntlafatsa litokomane tse amehileng ka ho loketseng.

Litlhaloso tse Ikhethang ho Bareki

Bareki ba fapaneng ba toloka likarolo tsa PPAP ka tsela e fapaneng. Hlakisa litebello nakong ea liboka tsa ho qala ho fapana le ho nahana hore litlhaloso tse tloaelehileng lia sebetsa.

Lethathamo la Litekanyetso tsa ho Itokiselletsa ho Romelloa ha PPAP

• ☐ Lirekoto tsohle tsa moralo li amohetsoe le ho laoloa ke ntlafatso
• ☐ Setšoantšo sa phallo ea ts'ebetso se bonts'a tatellano ea tlhahiso ea 'nete
• ☐ PFMEA e phethetsoe ka mekhoa ea ho fokotsa likotsi e fumanoeng
• ☐ Morero oa taolo o tsamaisana le liphello tsa PFMEA
• ☐ MSA e tlatsitsoe bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya tsa bohlokoa
• ☐ Lintlha tsa litekanyo tse bokelletsoeng ho tsoa lisampoleng tsa tlhahiso
• ☐ Lisetifikeiti tsa thepa li fumanoe le ho netefatsoa
• ☐ Lithuto tsa bokhoni li phethetsoe ka boholo bo lekaneng ba sampole
• ☐ Lisetifikeiti tsa laboratori tsa hona joale le tse sebetsang
• ☐ PSW e itokiselitse 'me e loketse ho saena

Bakeng sa litokomane tse amanang le taolo ea ts'ebetso, sheba netefatso ea boleng ba PCB le tlhahlobo ea karolo e nyane.

FAQs

1. Na ho hlokahala PPAP bakeng sa diotara tsohle tsa PCB?

Tjhe. PPAP hangata e a hlokahala bakeng sa diindasteri tsa dikoloi, tsa difofane, tsa bongaka le tse ding tse laolwang. Diodara tse tlwaelehileng tsa PCB tsa kgwebo hangata ha di hloke ho romelwa ha PPAP ka molao, leha bafepedi ba ka nna ba boloka ditaolo tse tshwanang tsa kahare.

2. Ke boemo bofe ba PPAP bo atileng haholo bakeng sa li-PCB?

Boemo ba 3 ke bona bo atileng haholo, bo hlokang ho romelloa ha PSW, disampole tsa dihlahiswa, le ditokomane tse felletseng tse tshehetsang. Boemo ba 2 bo ka amoheleha bakeng sa ditshebediso tse nang le kotsi e tlase.

3. PPAP e fapana joang le FAI?

PPAP e shebane le ho bonts'a bokhoni ba ts'ebetso le taolo ho pholletsa le likarolo tse 18, ha FAI (ho latela AS9102) e totobatsa netefatso ea likarolo tsa pele tsa tlhahiso. Mananeo a mang a hloka ka bobeli.

4. Ke mang ea ikarabellang bakeng sa ho fana ka PFMEA?

Hangata mofani oa thepa o fana ka Process FMEA (PFMEA) e akaretsang mesebetsi ea tlhahiso. Hangata moreki o na le Design FMEA (DFMEA) e akaretsang moralo oa PCB ka boeona.

5. Lirekoto tsa PPAP li lokela ho bolokoa nako e kae?

Litlhoko tsa ho boloka koloi li itšetlehile ka likonteraka tsa bareki le maemo a indasteri. Hangata likoloi li hloka ho boloka koloi bophelo bohle ba karolo hammoho le selemo se le seng. Lifofane le tšireletso li ka 'na tsa ba le litlhoko tse telele.