Wave Soldering: Ho Lekola Ts'ebetso le Theknoloji ka botebo

Selelekela

Wave soldering ke mokhoa o sebetsang hantle haholo oa solder o bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea ho kopanya likarolo tse makholo tsa elektroniki ho Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs). E thehiloe ke moqapi oa Lejeremane Albert Hanson, mokhoa ona o fetotse indasteri ea tlhahiso ka ho nolofatsa le ho iketsetsa mokhoa oa ho rekisa. Sengoliloeng sena se kenella ka botebo ka ho rarahana ha wave soldering, ho fana ka kutloisiso e felletseng ea melao-motheo ea eona, mehato, lisebelisoa, melemo le likotsi tsa eona kopanong ea sejoale-joale ea PCB.

Boemo ba Histori

Ho utloisisa bohlokoa ba wave soldering, ke habohlokoa ho amohela moelelo oa eona oa histori. Soldering, e le mokhoa oa ho kopanya litšepe, e 'nile ea sebelisoa ho tloha ha ho sibolloa tin, e leng karolo ea bohlokoa ea peista ea solder. Leha ho le joalo, ho tla ha li-PCB ho tlisitse mathata a macha ho hokahaneng le lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa elektroniki ho boto e le 'ngoe ka nepo. Phephetso ena e ile ea susumetsa Albert Hanson ho bula maliboho mohopolong oa sebopeho se sephara se nang le mealo e mengata, se neng se kenyelletsa lera le sireletsang le li-conductor tsa foil.

Mokhoa o mocha oa Hanson o boetse o hlahisitse mohopolo oa masoba a ho cheka botong, joalo ka mokhoa oa ho kopanya ka masoba o sebelisoang ho kenya likarolo tsa Dual In-Line Package (DIP) kajeno. Tsoelo-pele ena e lebisitse ho likarolo tsa tlhahiso ka har'a liphutheloana tsa DIP, e leng se etsang hore ho be bonolo haholoanyane ho kenya solder paste ho boto eohle hang-hang. Ka hona, ho ile ha raloa motheo oa ho kopanya leqhubu, moo boto eohle e pepesetsoang leqhubu la solder e entsoeng ka ho qhibilihisoa.

Maqhubu a Soldering Mehato

Ts'ebetso ea wave soldering e na le mehato e mehlano ea bohlokoa: ho qhibiliha ha solder, ho hloekisa likarolo, ho beoa ha PCB, ho soasoa le ho hloekisa. Mohato o mong le o mong o bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa boleng le ts'epahalo ea manonyeletso a solder.

Mohato oa 1: Ho qhibiliha ha Solder

Bohareng ba ts'ebetso ea wave soldering ke taolo e nepahetseng ea mocheso oa letamo la solder, hangata ho tloha ho 180 ho isa ho 450 ° C, ho latela mofuta oa solder le mofuta oa mochini. Taolo ena ea mocheso ke ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, kaha e tiisa hore solder e fihla boemong ba eona bo nepahetseng, e tiisang bohloeki le katleho. Ho boloka taolo e nepahetseng ea mocheso ke habohlokoa bakeng sa ho finyella botsitso, boreleli, le liphello tse phahameng tsa soldering nakong eohle ea ts'ebetso.

Mohato oa 2: Ho hloekisa likarolo

Nakong ea mohato ona oa bohlokoa, lisebelisoa li hloekisoa ka hloko ho tlosa likarolo tse ling tsa oxide. Ho ba teng ha likarolo tsa oxide ho ka senya boleng ba soldering, ho etsa hore ho be bohlokoa ho sebetsana le bona hang-hang. Ho thusa ts'ebetsong ena ea ho hloekisa le ho ntlafatsa ho kolobisa ka solder, ho sebelisoa k'hemik'hale e khethehileng e bitsoang flux. PCB flux ke motsoako o entsoeng hantle oa lisebelisoa tsa motheo le li-activator tse etselitsoeng ho tlosa li-oxide ho tloha holim'a tšepe le ho khothalletsa metsi a phahameng a solder.

Mohato oa 3: Ho beoa ha PCB

Ho beha ka nepo le ho boloka likarolo ho boto ea potoloho ho bohlokoa mohatong ona. Mapolanka a kopantsoeng a behiloe ka hloko ka har'a mochine, ho netefatsa hore ho lumellana ho nepahetseng le lebanta la conveyor ka lehlakoreng la 0 °. Li-claspe tse tiileng tsa tšepe li tšoara boto ea potoloho ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng nakong eohle ea ts'ebetso ea soldering, ho etsa bonnete ba hore liphetho tse ntle tsa ho kopanya ka ho boloka boemo ba boto le ho lumellana.

Mohato oa 4: Soldering

Karolo ena ke pelo ea ts'ebetso ea solder, moo sepheo sa ho kopanya likarolo tsa PCB ka boto ea potoloho se fihlellehang. Lebanta la conveyor le sutumelletsa boto pele, le e atametsa haufi le pane ea solder. Ho laola lebelo la lebanta la conveyor ke habohlokoa, kaha ho tsamaea butle le ka boomo ho lumella solder e feteletseng hore e khutlele ka bateng ea solder. Lebelo lena la ka boomo le khothaletsa ho koaheloa ka botlalo ha solder, ho netefatsa likhokahano tse sireletsehileng le tse tšepahalang.

Mohato oa 5: Ho hloekisa

Mohato oa ho qetela o shebane le ho hloekisa le ho ntlafatsa sehlahisoa. Ho sebelisoa mokhoa o hlokolosi oa ho hloekisa ho etsa bonnete ba hore boto ea potoloho ha e na phallo e setseng. Li-solvents tse fapaneng le metsi a hloekisitsoeng li sebelisoa ho hlatsoa boto ka botlalo, ho tlosa masala a setseng. Joala ba Isopropyl, ka lebaka la ho khoneha le ho se chefo, ke motsoako o ratoang haholo bakeng sa mosebetsi ona.

Molao-motheo oa ho sebetsa oa Wave Soldering Systems

Ho khetha mofani oa litšebeletso tsa PCBA ea nepahetseng ho bohlokoa, kaha merero e fapaneng e ka ba le litlhoko tse fapaneng. Ho utloisisa bokhoni ba lisebelisoa ba mofani ea khethiloeng hoa hlokahala. Bakeng sa merero e kenyeletsang kopano ea Surface Mount Technology (SMT), ho bohlokoa ho hlahloba lisebelisoa tsa ho phalla hape. Ela hloko palo ea libaka tsa mocheso tse fumanehang mechining ea bona ea ho phalla hape. Ha u sebetsana le likarolo tse phunyeletsang ka lesoba, botsa hore na k'hamphani ea PCBA e fana ka bokhoni ba ho kopanya ka boiketsetso ka botlalo.

Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa tsa Litsamaiso tsa Wave Soldering

Sefafatsi sa Flux: Sistimi ea ho fafatsa ka spray ke ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea kopano ea PCB. E sebelisa ka nepo phallo ea ho kopanya maqhubu libakeng tse khethiloeng, haholo-holo e shebane le masoba a koahetsoeng a boto ea potoloho. Ho feta moo, e netefatsa ts'ebeliso e nepahetseng ea phallo ho sa tsotelehe bophara ba boto, botenya, kapa bophara ba masoba. Sistimi ea ho fafatsa ea boleng bo holimo e etselitsoe ho ipabola ho fihlelleng lipheo tsena, ho khothaletsa ho kolobisa ka nepo le ho netefatsa manonyeletso a tiileng a solder.

Pad e Chesang: Le hoja ho kopanya maqhubu ho ka etsoa ntle le ho futhumatsa pele, ho ama nako ea ts'ebetso haholo. Ho futhumatsa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea phallo ka ho fetola karolo ea solvent hore e be mouoane, ho eketsa katleho ea phallo le ho khothaletsa ho thehoa ha manonyeletso a solder a tšepahalang. Ho feta moo, ho futhumatsa pele ho fokotsa ho thehoa ha libolo tsa solder, ho thibela tšusumetso ea mocheso ho PCB, 'me ho nolofatsa ho kopanya ha likarolo tse peli tsa Dual In-Line Package (DIP).

Pompo: Pompo ea enjene e otlolohileng lisebelisoa tsa ho kopanya maqhubu e kenyelletsa liteishene tse ngata tsa ho pompo tse hlophisitsoeng ka mokhoa o bapileng le o arohaneng. Moralo ona o netefatsa ts'ebetso e ts'oanang ea ho pompo le kabo e tsitsitseng ea khatello, e leng se fellang ka leqhubu la ho kopanya le tšoanang. Tlhophiso e nepahetseng le ho hokahanya liteishene tsa ho pompo ho felisa motsamao o ferekanyang oa ho pompo, o tlatsetsang leqhubung le boreleli le le laoloang la ho pompo.

Melemo le Bobebe ba Wave Soldering

le menyetla:

1. Tumellano e sa Lefelloe ke Moeta-pele: Wave soldering e loketse kopano ea PCB ea boleng bo holimo e se nang lead, e netefatsang ho tsamaellana le melaoana ea RoHS ha e ntse e ntlafatsa katleho ea tlhahiso.
2. Ha ho na Masking e Hlokehang: Ho fapana le mekhoa e meng ea solder, wave soldering ha e hloke ho pata libaka tsa boto ea potoloho tse sa hlokeng solder, ho boloka nako ts'ebetsong.
3. E na le litšenyehelo: Wave soldering hangata e fana ka melemo ea litšenyehelo ha e bapisoa le mekhoa e meng ea soldering.
4. Phetoho ea Parameter: Thepa ea sejoale-joale e lumella litokiso tse nepahetseng, ho netefatsa liphetho tse tsitsitseng le tse tšepahalang.
5. Katleho ea Matla: Ho fafatsa ka mochini o khannoang ka mochini oa stepper le moralo o feto-fetohang oa ho fafatsa molomo ho fella ka matla a tlase a 25% le tšebeliso ea thepa e thusang selemo ho feta selemo.
6. Taolo e Nepahetseng: Taolo e koetsoeng ea sistimi ea lipalangoang, preheating e nepahetseng, le taolo ea nako ea welding li kenya letsoho ho manonyeletso a boleng bo holimo.
7. Minimal Tin Dross Oxidation: Haufi le leqhubu la phallo e bataletseng, ho na le oxidation e nyane haholo ea tin, e lebisang ho manonyeletso a se nang sekoli.

go tlhoka mesola:

1. Tšebeliso e Lekanyelitsoeng ho Likarolo tsa SMD: Wave soldering e loketse hamolemo bakeng sa likarolo tsa lesoba tse nang le sebaka se seholo sa lead, e leng se etsang hore ho be thata ho fumana likhokahano tse tšepahalang tsa solder le likarolo tsa Surface Mount Device (SMD).
2. Tšenyo e ka 'nang ea E-ba Teng ea Karolo: Likarolo tsa SMD, haholo-holo li-IC tse sa utloeng mocheso, li ka senyeha habonolo ha li pepesehetse mocheso o phahameng nakong ea ho soasoa ha leqhubu, tse ka lebisang litabeng tsa ts'ebetso kapa tšenyo e sa feleng.
3. Puso ea SMT: Ha likarolo tsa elektronike li ntse li tsoela pele ho fokotseha ka boholo, Surface Mount Technology (SMT) e laola indasteri ka lebaka la bokhoni ba eona ba ho sebetsana le likarolo tse nyenyane.

fihlela qeto e

Wave soldering, theknoloji e tsoetsoeng ka lebaka la tlhokahalo ea ho tsamaisa kopano ea PCB, e fetohile mokhoa o sebetsang hantle haholo le o nepahetseng oa solder. Ho utloisisa melao-motheo ea eona, mehato, le karolo ea likarolo tsa lisebelisoa ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fumana liphello tse tsitsitseng le tse ka tšeptjoang tsa soldering. Le hoja wave soldering e na le melemo ea eona, haholo-holo ho latela melao e sa lefelloeng ea loto le ho boloka litšenyehelo, e ka 'na ea se ke ea tšoanela mefuta eohle ea likarolo, haholo-holo likaroloana tse nyenyane le tse teteaneng tsa Surface Mount Device (SMD). Ha thekenoloji e ntse e tsoela pele, indasteri ea kopano ea PCB e tla ikamahanya le maemo ho fihlela litlhoko tsa miniaturization le ho nepahala ha soldering.

Bakeng sa moralo oa tlhahiso, ho boetse ho thusa ho bapisa sehlooho sena le tlhahlobo ea kopano ea PCB e phunyeletsang le taolo ea impedance pele ho phethoa sephutheloana sa tlhahiso kapa kopano.