Kamoo Masks a Solder a Ntlafatsang Kopano ea PCB le ho Tšepahala

Ha indasteri ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki e ntse e tsoela pele, tlhoko ea liboto tsa potoloho mabapi le ts'epahalo le letsoalo le phahameng e ntse e eketseha. Ho fihlela litlhoko tsena tse ntseng li tsoela pele, bahlahisi ba loanela ho ntlafatsa theknoloji ea high-density interconnection (HDI) le theknoloji ea mask ea solder. Sehloohong sena se nang le temohisiso, re tla hlahloba karolo ea bohlokoa ea limaske tsa solder tsa PCB, mefuta ea tsona, lits'ebetso, le phello eo li nang le eona ho kopano ea PCB.

Solder Mask ke eng?

The solder mask layer, e tsejoang hape e le lera la fensetere kapa lera la oli e tala, e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea PCB. E sebetsa e le lera le sireletsang le koahelang libaka tse itseng tsa boto ea potoloho, e lumellang mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho etsa mohlala nakong ea mekhoa e latelang ea ho qetela le ea soldering. Ka ho sebelisa mokhoa o mobe oa tlhahiso ea filimi, mask a solder a etselitsoe ho senola letlalo la koporo le pepeneneng ha a ntse a siea libaka tse khethiloeng tsa oli tse sa tala li sa sebetse.

Tlhahiso e mpe ea lera la mask ea solder ea PCB e fana ka maikutlo a phetoho e felletseng ea boemo ba nnete. Libaka tse tšoailoeng bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea oli e tala nakong ea moralo, ha e le hantle, ke libaka tsa oli tse se nang botala tse tsejoang e le menyetla ea lifensetere. Ka hona, lera la mask la solder le sebeletsa morero oa bohlokoa oa ho theha lifensetere ka har'a bokaholimo ba oli bo botala, ho etsa hore ho be le solder e nepahetseng ea likarolo tsa oli tse se nang botala.

Hobaneng U Sebelisa Solder Mask ho PCBs?

Tšebeliso ea mask a solder holim'a liboto tsa potoloho tse hatisitsoeng (PCBs) e fana ka melemo e mengata ea bohlokoa e lokafatsang ho kenyelletsoa ha eona ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea PCB. Mask ea solder, eo hape e tsejoang e le solder resist, stop solder, kapa solderable mask, e sebeletsa mesebetsi e mengata ea bohlokoa:

1. E fokotsa ho kopana ha solder: Nakong ea kopano ea li-PCB, haholo-holo tse nang le likarolo tse holim'a holim'a metsi, ho na le kotsi ea ho koala borokho, moo solder e kopanyang lipampiri tse peli tse haufi kapa litselana ka boomo. Mask ea solder e fana ka thibelo e sireletsang e thibelang solder hore e se ke ea hasana lipakeng tsa li-pads tse arohaneng, ho fokotsa monyetla oa ho koala borokho le li-circuits tse khutšoane.
2. Li-Insulates Conductors: Mask ea solder e sebetsa e le insulator ea motlakase. E thibela likhokahano tsa motlakase kapa lifupi lipakeng tsa mesaletsa e fapaneng ea conductive ho PCB, ho netefatsa hore hajoale e phalla feela ka litsela tse reriloeng tsa potoloho. Sena se bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le ts'epahalo ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki.
3. E Sireletsa Sebaka: Mesaletsa e pepesitsoeng ea koporo ho li-PCB e kotsing ea ho ba le oxidation le ho bola ha tikoloho. Mask ea solder e sebetsa e le thebe e sireletsang, e thibelang bokaholimo ba koporo hore bo se kopane ka kotloloho le tikoloho. Tšireletso ena e thusa ho boloka botšepehi ba potoloho le ho thibela ho senyeha ha nako.
4. E nolofalletsa ho roala kapa ho roala ka mokhoa o ikhethileng: Mask ea solder e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o ikhethileng ho koahela libaka tse itseng tsa PCB ha e ntse e siea ba bang ba pepesitsoe. Khetho ena ea ho roala e lumella lits'ebetso tse lebisitsoeng joalo ka ho khetha ho solder kapa ho roala khauta e khethiloeng. E boetse e nolofalletsa ho sebelisoa ha solder peista feela libakeng tse khethiloeng nakong ea kopano.
5. E ntlafatsa Aesthetics: Mask ea solder e eketsa ts'ebetso ea ho qetela ho li-PCB ka ho fana ka sebaka se mebala le se ts'oanang. 'Mala o tloaelehileng haholo bakeng sa mask a solder o tala, empa o fumaneha ka mebala e fapaneng. Ntlafatso ena ea bokhabane ha e etse feela hore li-PCB li khahlehe empa hape e thusa ho khetholla liboto tse fapaneng le mesebetsi ea tsona.
6. E matlafatsa Liphase: Mask ea solder e matlafatsa le ho matlafatsa likarolo tsa likarolo ho PCB. Matlafatso ena e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa li-PCB tse tenyetsehang, moo liphahlo li ka bang kotsing ea ho senyeha kapa ho taboha. Mask ea solder e eketsa nako e telele libakeng tsena tsa bohlokoa.
7. E matlafatsa Kopano: Nakong ea kopano ea PCB, peista ea solder kapa li-adhesive li sebelisoa ho boto. Mask ea solder e thusa lisebelisoa tsena hore li khomarele hantle libakeng tse khethiloeng, ho etsa bonnete ba hore likarolo li behiloe ka nepo 'me li khomaretsoe ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng nakong ea ts'ebetso ea solder.

Ka kakaretso, tšebeliso ea mask a solder ho PCB e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'epo, ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. E fana ka tšireletso khahlanong le mabaka a fapaneng a tikoloho, e thibela litaba tse amanang le solder, 'me e kenya letsoho ho boleng ba kakaretso ba likopano tsa PCB. Leha e eketsa litšenyehelo le ho rarahana ha mokhoa oa tlhahiso, melemo eo e fanang ka eona e feta menahano ena, e etsa hore mask a solder e be karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahisong ea PCB ea sejoale-joale.

Bohlokoa ba Mask ea Solder

Mask ea solder holim'a boto ea potoloho e hatisitsoeng (PCB) e sebetsa karolo ea bohlokoa ho sireletsa PCB hore e se ke ea senyeha nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e kenyelletsang mocheso o phahameng, joalo ka solder le leveling. Ntle le mask a solder, thepa ea dielectric ea PCB, e entsoeng ka lisebelisoa tse kang fiber ea khalase le epoxy resin, e ka senyeha, e lebisang litabeng tsa motlakase. Ntle le moo, mask a solder a thibela marokho a solder hore a se ke a theha lipakeng tsa lipampiri tse arohaneng le mesaletsa, ho netefatsa bonnete ba likhokahano tsa motlakase. E boetse e sebetsa e le thebe khahlanong le maemo a tikoloho, ho boloka ts'ebetso ea PCB le ho thibela ho bola kapa oxidation. Qetellong, karolo ea solder mask ho sireletsa ts'ebetso le ts'epo ea PCB ke ea bohlokoa.

Ntle le moo, mask a solder a nolofalletsa ts'ebeliso e ikhethileng libakeng tse ikhethileng tsa PCB, e lumellang lits'ebetso tse reriloeng joalo ka ho khetha kapa ho roala khauta. Le hoja aesthetics e ka 'na ea se ke ea e-ba mosebetsi oa eona oa mantlha, mask a solder a ntlafatsa ponahalo ea PCB, e fana ka mebala ea mebala bakeng sa ho khetholla, 'me e tlatsetsa ponahalong e felileng le ea setsebi. Leha ho na le mathata ao e a hlahisang tlhahisong ea PCB, melemo e mengata ea solder mask e etsa hore e be karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahisong ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa boleng bo holimo.

Solder Mask Layer vs. Solder Flux Layer

Ha re hlahlobeng PCB ea mekhahlelo e 'meli e le mohlala oa papiso. Sebopeho sa PCB sa mekhahlelo e 'meli se na le liboto tse peli tsa bohobe (holimo le ka tlase) tse etsang mantlha, lesela la prepreg bohareng, le likarolo tse peli tsa mask a solder (holimo le tlase) hammoho le li-layer tse peli tsa silika (holimo le tlase).

Nakong ea tlhahiso ea PCB, maske eohle ea solder ha e koahetsoe ka oli e tala ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ka lebaka la lintlha tse kang ho soasoa le ho chesa mocheso. Ka lebaka leo, re atisa ho bitsa libaka tsena tse pepeneneng e le "lifensetere" moo koporo e bonahalang.

The soldering layer, eo hape e tsejoang e le mask a peista, e amana le lera le itseng la PCB le lulang le sa tlotsoa ka oli e tala. Ha e le hantle, e bua ka stencil ea PCB e sebelisoang ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso. Baenjiniere ba bangata ba e nka e le ntho e tšoanang le lera le ka holimo, le ikamahanyang le lintlha tse hlahisitsoeng holim'a lera le ka holimo. Sepheo sa lera la soldering se fapane le sa solder mask layer. Ho ba teng ha eona haholo-holo ha se molemong oa ho rekisa empa ho e-na le ho tsamaisa kopano ea SMT. Nakong ea phallo ea ts'ebetso ea SMT, ts'ebeliso e nepahetseng ea pente ea solder holim'a lipache e finyelloa ka ho fana ka pente ka nepo ka li-apertures tsa stencil, ka hona lentsoe "lesela le ka holimo la tin" bakeng sa lera la soldering.

Le ha maske a peista le mask a solder a kentse letsoho ts'ebetsong ea ho lokisa, ho na le phapang ea mantlha lipakeng tsa tsona. Mabapi le ts'ebetso ea boto ea potoloho ea kahare, lesela la solder mask PCB le sebeletsa merero e 'meli ea ho thibela ho fafatsa letsoai le mongobo, ho kenyelletsa ho nolofalletsa ho soasoa. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, mask a peista a shebane haholo le tlhahiso ea li-stencil tsa SMT, haholo bakeng sa kopano ea sephutheloana se holim'a metsi. Ka tloaelo, lesela la mask la solder le sebelisoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le oli e tala, ho siea libaka tse se nang lesela la mask la solder le pepesitsoe. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, mask a peista a sebelisoa bakeng sa moralo oa li-stencil, ka sepheo se ikhethileng sa ho tsamaisa karolo, haholo maemong a kopano ea PCB e phahameng.

Lintlha tsa Moqapi oa Mask oa Solder

Moralo o nepahetseng oa mask oa solder o bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa boiketlo ba kopano le ho ts'epahala ka kakaretso ha boto ea potoloho e hatisitsoeng (PCB). Mona ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tseo u lokelang ho li hopola ha u etsa mask a solder:

1. Hlalosa Lintlha tsa ho qetela tsa Copper le Mask Fiducials: Ho etsa bonnete ba tlhophiso e ntle ka ho fetisisa nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso, joalo ka solder le ho beha likarolo, ho bohlokoa ho hlakisa lintlha tsa ho qetela tsa koporo le maske ho PCB. Li-fiducials tsena li sebetsa e le lintlha tsa litšupiso bakeng sa tlhophiso e nepahetseng, e tlatsetsang ho nepahala ha mokhoa oa kopano.
2. Boloka Liphatlalatso Pakeng tsa Mask le Pads li Tšoanang: Ho tsitsana ha lipehelo pakeng tsa maske a rekisoang le lipampiri ho bohlokoa. Litlhaloso tse sa tsitsang li ka lebisa litabeng tsa soldering, lifupi, kapa likhokahano tse sa tšepahaleng. Ho boloka li-clearance tse tšoanang ho thusa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea kopano e tšepahalang.
3. Latela Litaelo tsa IPC: Ho khomarela litekanyetso tsa indasteri, tse kang tse hlalosoang ke IPC (Association Connecting Electronics Industries), ke habohlokoa bakeng sa ho tšepahala. Moralo oa PCB. Litaelo tsa IPC hangata li khothaletsa 0.2mm pullback ho tloha liphaepheng, e thusang ho thibela ho kenella ha maske a solder libakeng tse bohlokoa, ho boloka botšepehi ba likhokahano tsa motlakase.
4. Netefatsa Li-Pullbacks U se ke Tsa Hlahisa Melato ka ho Feletseng: Le hoja li-pullbacks tse tsoang ho li-pads li le bohlokoa, ho bohlokoa ka ho tšoanang ho netefatsa hore li-pullbacks tsena ha li pepese mesaletsa ka botlalo. Ho pepeseha ho feteletseng ho ka lebisa ho li-shorts tse ka 'nang tsa e-ba teng kapa ho senya mekhoa. Ho netefatsa mokhoa o leka-lekaneng oa ho hula li-pullbacks ke senotlolo sa moralo o atlehileng oa mask oa solder.
5. Li-Pads-Defined Land Pads Ntlafatsa Ngoliso: Lipampiri tsa mobu tse hlalositsoeng ke mask li fana ka ngoliso e ntlafalitsoeng nakong ea likopano. Li-pads tsena tse hlalositsoeng li thusa ho behoa ka nepo ha likarolo, ho fokotsa menyetla ea ho se lumellane le bokooa ba kopano.
6. Hlalosa boholo ka har'a Copper le Mask Layers: Ho qoba liphapang le liphoso, ho bohlokoa ho hlakisa boholo ba likarolo tsa koporo le maske tsa moralo oa PCB. Ho lumellana hona ho thusa ho netefatsa hore litekanyo tse reriloeng li bolokiloe nakong eohle ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso.
7. Likhetho tsa Mask-Over-Pads bakeng sa Kopano e Bonolo: Nahana ka ho sebelisa likhetho tsa mask-over-pads ha ho loketse. Li-mask-over-pads li kenyelletsa ho sebelisa mask a solder holim'a liphahlo, ho siea libaka tse ikhethileng feela tse pepesehileng bakeng sa ho soasoa. Mokhoa ona o nolofatsa ts'ebetso ea kopano mme o netefatsa hore solder e sebelisoa hantle moo ho hlokahalang.
8. Khetha Melemo e Loketseng ea Letamo la Mask ho Laola Bophahamo ba ho Beha: Boholo ba matamo a mask (libaka tseo maske a solder a koahelang mesapo ea koporo) a bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho laoleng meqolo ea peista ea solder nakong ea kopano. Matamo a maseke a boholo bo nepahetseng a thusa ho thibela pente e feteletseng ea solder, ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho koala borokho kapa likoli tse ling tse amanang le solder.
9. Hlalosa ho Tente ea Mask ka Litsela Tse Chekiloeng Moo ho Hlokahalang: Ha li-vias (tse phunyeletsoeng ka masoba) li le teng ho PCB, ho hlakisa tente ea maske libakeng tse ling ho ka ba molemo. Ho roala maske ho kenyelletsa ho koahela li-vias ka mask a solder ho thibela solder ho koala masoba nakong ea kopano. Sena se thusa ho boloka botšepehi ba PCB le ho thibela litaba tse amanang le solder.

Tšusumetso ea Solder Mask ho PCBA

Mask ea solder, eo hape e tsejoang e le solder resist kapa solder stop, ke karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahisong ea PCB (Printed Circuit Board), mme phello ea eona ho PCBA (Printed Circuit Board Assembly) e tebile. Tšusumetso e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa e mabapi le ho beha likarolo tse nepahetseng le ho solder. Mask ea solder e hlalosa libaka tse nepahetseng bakeng sa likarolo, 'me menyetla e entsoeng hantle e bohlokoa ho netefatsa ho nepahala le ho tšepahala nakong ea kopano.

Karolo e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ea mask a solder ke ho fana ka tšireletso khahlanong le maemo a tikoloho. E sebetsa e le thebe, e sireletsang mesaletsa ea koporo ea PCB le lintho tse tsamaisang mongobo, lerōleng le litšila. Ntle le eona, tšenyo ea tikoloho e ka lebisa ho kutu le li-circuits tse khutšoane tsa motlakase, tsa fokotsa ts'epo le nako ea bophelo ea PCB.

Ho feta moo, mask a solder a fana ka insulation ea motlakase mme e thibela likhokahano tsa motlakase tse sa reroang. E bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho boloka litšobotsi tse tsitsitseng tsa impedance, haholo-holo lits'ebetsong tse phahameng haholo. Ho feta moo, e sebetsa e le thebe e sireletsang nakong ea ts'ebetso ea solder, e thibelang solder ho khomarela libaka tse sa lebelloang, e leng sa bohlokoa ho li-PCB tse nang le baahi ba bangata. Lintlha tsena li totobatsa bohlokoa ba mask a solder ho netefatsa ts'ebetso, ts'epo, le bophelo bo bolelele ba PCBA.

Litaelo tsa Tsamaiso ea Mask ea Solder

Tšebeliso e nepahetseng ea limaske tsa solder le ho khomarela litataiso tsa moralo li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'epo le ts'ebetso ea liboto tsa potoloho tse hatisitsoeng (PCBs). Ha re hlahlobeng lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa ts'ebetso ea mask ea solder le lintlha tsa moralo:

Litaelo tsa Moralo

Ha e le hantle, tšebeliso ea limaske tsa solder ho meralo ea PCB ke khetho ea boikhethelo, 'me baqapi ba ka li kenyelletsa habonolo ka ho totobatsa litekanyo tse' maloa. Lisebelisoa tse ling tsa software li bile li fana ka bokhoni ba ho hlahisa mask oa solder. Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho kena lipuisanong tse phethahetseng le moetsi oa PCB ea khethiloeng pele o qala ts'ebetso ea moralo. Sena se tiisa kutloisiso e felletseng ea bokhoni ba bona bo ikhethang mabapi le botenya ba mask a solder le sebaka se tlase sa sebaka sa koporo, kaha lintlha tsena ha li sebetse hohle ho li-PCB tsohle.

Ho hlokomoloha kapa ho laola hampe litaba tse bonolo tsa mask a solder, tse kang menyetla e sa lekaneng kapa e feteletseng kapa ho se leka-lekane pakeng tsa palo ea menyetla le palo ea liphahlo tsa koporo sefofaneng sa potoloho, ho ka fella ka ho hlōleha ha boto ea potoloho. Ho khetholla hore na mathata a joalo a bakoa ke ho se tsotelle kapa liphetoho tse sa lebelloang lifaeleng tsa moralo ho ka hloka nako le lipatlisiso tse hlokolosi. Ho hlōleha ho rarolla mathata ana ka mafolo-folo ho ka baka liphello tse kotsi. Ka hona, tlhahlobo e hlokolosi ea lifaele tsa hau tsa moralo ke ea bohlokoa haholo.

Ka Oli ea Cap

Via cap oil, eo hape e tsejoang ka hore ke ka oli ea sekoaelo, ke mokhoa o sebelisoang tlhahisong ea boto ea potoloho moo li-PCB li koahetsoeng ka maske a solder ho li thibela ho pepesoa. Ho fapana le ka ho tlatsa, ka oli ea cap, e koahela feela selikalikoe sa selikalikoe sa vias. Ha tsela eohle e koahetsoe, e bitsoa ho tlatsa kapa ho plugging.

Hangata bahlahisi ba sebelisa oli ea cap e le mokhoa oa mask oa solder ho sireletsa liboto tsa potoloho. Hangata mokhoa ona o sebelisoa hammoho le ho tlatsa epoxy kapa mask plugging, ho nahanoa ka litšenyehelo tsa PCB tsa tlhahiso. Har'a mefuta e fapaneng ea mekhoa ea ho bumping, LPISM bumping e nkuoa e le mokhoa o theko e boima ka ho fetisisa.

Letamo la Mask la Solder

Letamo la Mask la Solder, le tsejoang hape e le lekhalo la mask a solder, ke karolo ea bohlokoa moralong oa PCB. Sepheo sa eona se ka sehloohong ke ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho na le sebaka se lekaneng pakeng tsa likarolo tsa solder holim'a metsi ho thibela ho etsahala ha marokho a solder. Ka kakaretso, sebaka sa letamo la solder se beoa halofo ea bophara ba sekontiri sa motlakase. Leha ho le joalo, maemong ao ho 'ona ho sebelisoang mekhoa e metle ea conductive e ka tlase ho 100µm, molao ona o ka fokotsoa hore o lumellane le litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa moralo.

Ho bula Mask ea Solder

Solder Mask Opening ke karolo ea bohlokoa molemong oa moralo oa PCB o lumellang potoloho hore e pepesoe bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea solder paste nakong ea ts'ebetso ea solder. Ka tloaelo ho kenngwa tshebetsong ka ho tlosa solder mask lera holim'a bokantle ba PCB libakeng tse itseng. Ho nepahala ha menyetla ena ke ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, kaha ho se nepahale leha e le hofe ho ka fella ka ho pepeseha ho sa lebelloang ha koporo e sa lokelang ho hatisoa ka solder paste. Sena se ka lebisa ho litaba tse kang boto ea potoloho e khuts'oane, ho bola, kapa ho senyeha ha mesaletsa ea potoloho.

Solder Mask Coverage kapa Extension

Tlhaloso ena, e tsejoang hape e le solder mask e ruruhile, e ka ba le boleng bo botle, ba zero, kapa bo bobe:

• Katoloso e Ntle ea Mask ea Solder: Ha ho na le sebaka se pakeng tsa moeli oa mask a solder le sebaka se ka ntle sa pad, se bitsoa katoloso e ntle ea mask ea solder kapa ho ruruha. Sena se tiisa hore pad e koahetsoe ka ho lekaneng ke mask a solder, ho fana ka tšireletso le ho thibela borokho bo sa reroang.
• Keketso ea Mask ea Zero Solder: Ha ho se na lekhalo kapa sebaka pakeng tsa mask a solder le pad, e nkuoa e le katoloso ea mask ea zero. Sena se bolela hore mask a solder a lumellana hantle le meeli ea pad.
• Negative Solder Mask Extension: Maemong a mang, mask a solder a ka fetela ka nģ'ane ho meeli ea pad, a koahela karolo ea pad. Sena se tsejoa e le katoloso e mpe ea mask ea solder. Hangata e sebelisoa ho fana ka tšireletso e eketsehileng ea maske ea solder libakeng tseo ho tsona ho hlokahalang tšireletso e eketsehileng, joalo ka lipotoloho tse matla haholo kapa libaka tse nang le borokho bo ka bang teng.

Ka ho khomarela litataiso tsena tsa moralo le menahano ea ts'ebetso ea mask ea solder, baqapi le bahlahisi ba ka netefatsa tlhahiso e atlehileng ea li-PCB tsa boleng bo holimo tse fihlelang litlhoko tse ikhethang tsa likopo tsa bona.

Thepa ea Mask ea Solder

Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho khetha mask a solder a nepahetseng bakeng sa liboto tsa hau tsa potoloho tse hatisitsoeng (PCBs), ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka thepa e 'maloa ea bohlokoa. Mehaho ena e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho khethollang ts'ebetso, ts'epahalo le nako e telele ea li-PCB tsa hau. Ha re hlahlobeng lintlha tsa bohlokoa tseo re lokelang ho li hlahloba ha u khetha mask a solder:

Matla a Dielectric

Matla a dielectric a bolela ho hanyetsa ha insulation le litekanyetso tsa ho senyeha ha motlakase oa mask a solder. Ho bohlokoa hore mask a solder a fane ka insulation e sebetsang ea motlakase lipakeng tsa likarolo tsa conductive ho PCB. Matla a phahameng a dielectric a netefatsa hore mask a solder a ka mamella phapang ea motlakase ntle le ho lumella ho senyeha kapa ho lutla ha motlakase. Matla a matla a dielectric a bohlokoa bakeng sa ho thibela li-circuits tse khutšoane le ho netefatsa botsitso ba potoloho.

mamarello

Adhesion ke bokhoni ba mask a solder ho hokahana ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ho substrate ea PCB le mesaletsa ea koporo. Ho khomarela ka matla ho bohlokoa ho thibela delamination kapa peeling ea mask a solder, haholo-holo nakong ea libaesekele tse futhumetseng le ho pepesehela maemo a fapaneng a tikoloho. Ho khomarela hantle ho tiisa hore mask a solder a lula a khomaretsoe ka thata ho PCB, ho e sireletsa ho tloha mongobo, litšila le khatello ea mochine.

qeto

Qeto e bua ka bophara ba mela le sebaka seo mask a solder a ka ikatisang ka sona. Thepa ena e bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e nepahetseng le e nepahetseng ea mask a solder, haholo-holo maemong ao likarolo tsa molumo o hlakileng kapa meralo e rarahaneng ea PCB e amehang. Li-mask tsa solder tse phahameng li etsa hore ho thehoe menyetla le lipaterone tse hlalositsoeng hantle tsa solder, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba PCB ka kakaretso.

Thepa ea Flexible le Thermo-Mechanical

Ho feto-fetoha ha maemo le thepa ea thermo-mechanical ea mask a solder ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa li-PCB tse ka 'nang tsa kobeha kapa tsa ba le liphetoho tsa mocheso. Li-mask tse bonolo tsa solder li loketse lits'ebetso tse kenyelletsang li-PCB tse tenyetsehang kapa lisebelisoa tse hlokang mamello khahlano le khatello ea maikutlo. Ho feta moo, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) ea mask a solder, kaha e ama botsitso ba sebopeho sa PCB ha e pepesetsoa ho fapana ha mocheso.

Solder le Chemical Resistance

Li-mask tsa solder li hloka ho mamella maemo a thata a lits'ebetso tsa solder, ho kenyelletsa le reflow soldering, kopo ea flux le ho hloekisa. Ho hanyetsa li-solder le lik'hemik'hale ka katleho ho netefatsa hore mask a solder a lula a tiile ebile a sa amehe ke tikoloho ea soldering. E thibela ho senyeha ha mask a solder, ho fifala, kapa ho theha bofokoli bo ka senyang ts'ebetso ea PCB.

Lelakabe Retardance

Ho lieha ha lelakabe ke thepa ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho latela ts'ireletso, haholo-holo lits'ebetsong moo li-PCB li sebelisoang libakeng tseo ho amehang likotsi tsa mollo. Li-mask tsa solder tse thibelang malakabe li etselitsoe ho hanela ho tuka le ho thibela ho ata ha malakabe. Ho kopana le litekanyetso tsa ho chesa ho netefatsa polokeho le botšepehi ba lisebelisoa tsa elektronike.

mocheso Range

Mofuta o sebetsang oa mocheso oa mask oa solder o bohlokoa, kaha o lekanya meeli ea ts'ebetso ea PCB. Mask ea solder e lokela ho khona ho mamella mocheso o phahameng le o tlase ntle le ho senyeha, ho lahleheloa ke ho khomarela kapa ho fetoha ha thepa ea eona. Ho utloisisa mocheso o phahameng le o fokolang oa ts'ebetso ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho khetha mask a solder a nepahetseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng.

Ho hanyetsa Mongobo le Kobo

Mongobo le ho bola li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho sireletsa PCB linthong tsa tikoloho, joalo ka mongobo le ho pepesehela lintho tse senyang. Mask e sebetsang ea solder e lokela ho etsa tiiso ea hermetic, e thibelang ho kenella ha mongobo le ho thehoa ha kutu holim'a mekhoa ea koporo ea PCB. Thepa ena e tiisa ho tšepahala ha nako e telele ea potoloho.

Ho etsa khetho e nepahetseng, ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa liphetho tsa tlhahlobo ea thepa e tlalehiloeng ke morekisi oa maske oa solder. Ka ho etsa joalo, o ka etsa bonnete ba hore thepa ea mask e khethiloeng ea solder e loketse ts'ebeliso ea hau le tikoloho ea ts'ebetso. Ho nahanoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng oa thepa ena ea mask ea solder ho kenya letsoho ho boleng ba kakaretso le ho ts'epahala ha li-PCB tsa hau, ho li etsa hore li tšoanelehe molemong oa tsona.

Mefuta ea Mask ea Solder

1. Li-Epoxy Liquid Photoimageable Solder Mask (LPC/LPI)

Li-mask tsa solder tsa epoxy liquid ke mefuta e sebelisoang haholo lefatšeng ea liboto tsa potoloho tse hatisitsoeng (PCBs). Ho tsebahala ha tsona ho bakoa ke ho ba le litšenyehelo tse ngata le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo. Li-mask tsena tsa solder li phekoloa ka ho pepesetsoa khanya ea ultraviolet (UV), ho netefatsa hore ho etsoa mokhoa o nepahetseng le o nepahetseng. Ho feta moo, ba fana ka phetoho ea ho fetoha ha khetho ea mebala, ka likhetho tse kenyelletsang botala ba setso, hammoho le bofubelu, boputsoa, ​​​​le tse ling. Ka lebaka la theko e tlaase le ho ikamahanya le maemo, limaske tsa epoxy liquid solder li fumana tšebeliso e pharaletseng mefuteng e mengata ea lisebelisoa tsa PCB, e leng se etsang hore e be khetho e ratoang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa elektroniki.

2. Epoxy Powder Coating

Li-mask tsa solder tsa epoxy powder ke mefuta e fapaneng e sebelisoang ho li-PCB joalo ka phofo e omileng. Mokhoa oa bona oa ho phekola o kenyelletsa ho sebelisoa ha mocheso, o fetolang phofo e omileng hore e be mask a tiileng a solder. Le hoja li-mask tsa solder tsa epoxy powder li na le chelete e ngata, li ka 'na tsa e-ba le mefokolo ho latela bokhoni ba tsona ha li bapisoa le mefuta e meng. Ka lebaka leo, ba hiriloe haholo-holo ha ho etsoa lisebelisoa tsa elektronike le lisebelisoa tsa bareki, moo ho sebetsa hantle ha litšenyehelo e leng ntlha ea bohlokoa.

3. Li-Silicone-Based and Urethane Acrylate Solder Masks

Li-mask tsa solder tse thehiloeng ho silicone le urethane acrylate li tsebahala ka bokhoni ba tsona ba ho mamella mocheso o phahameng, ho etsa hore li tšoanelehe bakeng sa lits'ebetso moo mocheso o phahameng o amehileng. Ho feta moo, limaske tsena tsa solder li fana ka maemo a bonolo, a ka bang molemo lits'ebetsong tse kenyelletsang liboto tsa flex kapa liboto tsa mocheso o phahameng. Leha ho le joalo, thepa ea bona e ikhethang e tla ka theko e phahameng ha e bapisoa le likhetho tse thehiloeng ho epoxy. Ka hona, hangata li khethoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse khethehileng moo ho hlokahalang ho kopana ha tsona ho mamella mocheso o phahameng le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo.

4. Flexible Solder Masks

Li-mask tse bonolo tsa solder li etselitsoe ho boloka maemo a tsona le kamora ho folisoa. Thepa ena e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse kenyelletsang li-circuits tse feto-fetohang. Leha ho le joalo, tlhahiso ea limaske tse feto-fetohang tsa solder e ka kenyelletsa mekhoa e rarahaneng ea ho sebetsa ho fihlela boemo bo lakatsehang ba ho feto-fetoha ha maemo. Li-mask tsena tsa solder li sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong moo PCB ka boeona e hlokang ho kobeha ntle le ho senya ts'ebetso.

5. Li-Masks tsa Solder tsa Flame Retardant

Li-mask tsa solder tse thibelang mollo li entsoe ka ho khetheha ho finyella litekanyetso tsa ho chesa, ho netefatsa hore ho latela ts'ireletso libakeng tseo ho tsona ho amehang likotsi tsa mollo. Hangata li fumanoa thepa ea bareki moo ho khomarela litekanyetso tsa tšireletso ho leng bohlokoa bakeng sa tšireletso ea basebelisi. Li-mask tsa solder tse thibelang mollo li ratoa lits'ebetsong moo ts'ireletso ea mollo e tlang pele, joalo ka lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki.

E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea liforomo tsena tsa mask a solder e na le thepa ea eona e ikhethang le melemo, e etsang hore e tšoanele libaka tse itseng le lits'ebetso. Khetho ea mofuta oa mask oa solder e lokela ho ipapisa le litlhoko le lithibelo tse ikhethileng tsa projeke ea hau ea PCB, ho netefatsa hore e ikamahanya le ts'ebetso le litebello tsa polokeho ea sesebelisoa sa ho qetela sa elektroniki. Khetho e nepahetseng ea mofuta oa mask oa solder e kenya letsoho katlehong e akaretsang le bophelo bo bolelele ba PCB ts'ebelisong ea eona e reriloeng.

Mask ea solder e sebelisoa joang ho PCB ea hau?

Ho kenya maske ea solder ho PCB ke mohato oa bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea PCB . Maske ea solder ke lera le sireletsang le entsoeng ka thepa ea polymer e koahelang masalla a tšepe ho PCB, ho netefatsa ho kopanngoa hantle le ho thibela lipotoloho tse khutšoane. Tšebeliso ea maske ea solder e kenyelletsa mekhoa le thepa e 'maloa, ho latela litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa PCB le sephetho se lakatsehang. Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa maske ea solder ho PCB ke ona:

1. Khetho ea lisebelisoa tsa mask a solder: Mohato oa pele ke ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng ea maske ea solder ho latela ts'ebeliso, lintlha tsa litšenyehelo le thepa e lakatsehang. Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tsa maske tsa solder tse fumanehang, ho kenyeletsoa mokelikeli oa epoxy, li-inks tsa photoimageable solder mask (LPSM) li-inks, le filimi e ommeng e ka nkehang ea solder mask (DFSM). Ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le melemo ea eona 'me e khethoa ho latela litlhoko tsa PCB.
2. Khatiso ea Mask ea Solder: Mokhoa o atileng haholo oa ho sebelisa mask a solder ke ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le oa khatiso. Bakeng sa limaske tsa epoxy liquid solder, epoxy ea metsi e sebelisoa holim'a PCB ho sebelisoa silika kapa stencil. Ts'ebetso ena e ts'oana le pente ea sefahleho ea airbrushing o sebelisa stencil. Mask ea solder e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, e koahelang sebaka sohle sa PCB.
3. Mokelikeli Photoimageable Solder Mask (LPSM): LPSM ke khetho e 'ngoe moo thepa ea mask ea solder e sebelisoang ho PCB ka mekhoa e joalo ka ho silafatsa silika kapa ho fafatsa. Ka mor'a kopo, PCB e pepesehela mokhoa o lakatsehang o sebelisa lebone la UV. Libaka tse pepesehetseng khanya li thatafala, ha libaka tse sa pepesehang li ntse li le mokelikeli. Ka mor'a moo, mask a solder a sa pepesehang a ntlafatsoa, ​​​​e siea menyetla ea hore likarolo li rekisoe ho liphahlo tsa koporo.
4. Dry Film Photoimageable Solder Mask (DFSM): DFSM e sebelisoa ka tsela e fapaneng; e kenyelletsa vacuum lamination. Mask e ommeng ea solder ea filimi e entsoe ka laminated holim'a PCB. Ha filimi e se e sebelisitsoe, e pepesetsoa ho paterone e sebelisa leseli la UV ebe e ntlafatsoa. Ts'ebetso ena e fella ka mask a solder a nang le menyetla e tsamaellanang le moralo oa PCB.
5. Pheko ea Thermal: Ho sa tsotellehe mokhoa o sebelisoang, ka mor'a hore mokhoa oa mask oa solder o hlalosoe, PCB e feta ka mokhoa oa ho folisa mocheso. Mohato ona o thusa ho tiisa thepa ea mask ea solder, e etsa hore e tšoarelle le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le maemo a tikoloho.
6. Ho kopanya ho PCB Design: Sebakeng sa elektronike design automation (EDA), mask a solder a tšoaroa e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea PCB 'me e hlalosoa e sebelisa lifaele tsa Gerber, feela joaloka lihlopha tse ling tse kang koporo le silika. Lifaele tsena li fana ka litaelo tse hlokahalang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso ea PCB ho sebelisa mask a solder ka nepo le ka nepo ho latela litlhaloso tsa moralo.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, ho sebelisa mask a solder ho PCB ho kenyelletsa ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng, ho e sebelisa holim'a boto ka mekhoa e kang khatiso, ho pepesehela leseli la UV bakeng sa ho etsa mohlala, nts'etsopele ea ho theha menyetla, 'me qetellong, phekolo ea mocheso. The solder mask layer ke karolo ea bohlokoa e tlatsetsang ho ts'eptjoang le ts'ebetsong ea PCB, ho netefatsa hore ho na le soldering e nepahetseng le tšireletso ea litsela tse ka tlaase tsa koporo.

fihlela qeto e

Ho bonahala eka ha ho na botala bo botala bo botala ba mask a solder ho li-PCB bo fana ka mesebetsi e mengata ea bohlokoa e fetang ka ntle ho botle. Ha ho atameloa ka moralo o nepahetseng, khetho le ts'ebeliso, limaske tsa solder tse sebetsang hantle tse etselitsoeng lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng li ntlafatsa haholo lihlahisoa tsa kopano ea PCB, li matlafatsa likhokahano tsa solder, le ho lelefatsa nako ea bophelo ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki.

Tšebelisano-'moho le puisano le balekane ba hau ba tlhahiso ea PCB li bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore maske ea solder e ntlafalitsoe ho latela bokhoni ba bona le litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa sehlahisoa sa hau. Ka ho lemoha bohlokoa ba maske ea solder le ho sebelisa bokhoni ba eona, bahlahisi ba lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki ba ka tsoela pele ho fihlela litlhoko tsa indasteri e ntseng e fetoha le ho fana ka li-PCB tse tšepahalang le tsa boleng bo holimo bakeng sa mefuta e mengata ea lits'ebetso.