Microwave PCB bakeng sa Puisano ea Satellite: Litlhoko tsa Moralo le ho Tšepahala

Selelekela

PCB ea microwave bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa puisano tsa sathelaete e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho bolokeng botšepehi ba lets'oao le ts'epahalo ho pholletsa le maqhubu a L-, S-, C-, Ku-, le Ka-band. Ha li-satellite li sebetsa libakeng tse matla tsa mocheso le vacuum, thepa le meaho ea PCB li tlameha ho netefatsa tahlehelo e nyane, ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ea dielectric, le ho tšoarella ha nako e telele. Sekhahla sa maqhubu a microwave se hlahisa liphephetso tse ikhethang moo esita le liphetoho tse nyane thepa ea substrate kapa mamello ea tlhahiso li ka fellang ka ho senyeha ho hoholo ha lets'oao. Bakeng sa liboto tsa TMM bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa RF tsa sefofane , theko e lokela ho hlalosa ho latela laminate, kamohelo ea litekanyo le lirekoto tsa tlhahlobo tse hlokahalang bakeng sa lenaneo le itseng.

Lits'ebetsong tsa sathelaete, liboto tsena tse hatisitsoeng tsa potoloho li tlameha ho mamella ho palama baesekele e feteletseng, ho pepesetsoa mahlaseli a kotsi, le khatello ea maikutlo ha li ntse li boloka taolo e nepahetseng ea ho thibela le ho tsitsisa nako ea bophelo ea ts'ebetso e fetang lilemo tse leshome le metso e mehlano.

Li-Frequency Bands ho Puisano ea Satellite

Litsamaiso tsa puisano tsa satellite li sebelisa lihlopha tse ikhethileng tsa maqhubu, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e fana ka litlhoko tse ikhethileng bakeng sa moralo oa microwave PCB. Maqhubu a tlaase a kenyeletsang L-band le S-band support navigation systems le telemetry applications moo litšobotsi tsa tahlehelo tse itekanetseng le li-constants tse tsitsitseng tsa dielectric li lekane. Maqhubu a C-band a sebeletsa likhokahano tsa liteishene tsa fatše le phetisetso ea data ea boemo bo mahareng, e hlokang taolo e matla ea ho sitisa le ho tsitsa ha thepa.

Litsamaiso tse phahameng tsa Ku-band le Ka-band li nolofalletsa puisano e pharalletseng e potlakileng le phatlalatso ea video, e batlang lisebelisoa tsa tahlehelo tse tlase haholo le mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho etsa masela ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea ho kenya le ho sotha mohato.

Ha maqhubu a tshebetso a ntse a eketseha, dithibelo tsa moralo wa microwave PCB di ntse di thatafala hanyane ka hanyane. Ditshebediso tsa Ka-band di hloka thepa ya substrate e nang le dintlha tsa ho qhalana ka tlase ho 0.002 le mamello ya boholo bo kahare ho ±0.05 mm ho boloka boleng bo amohelehang ba letshwao.

Lintlha tsa Moqapi oa Bohlokoa bakeng sa Microwave PCB ho Satellite Systems

Botsitso ba Dielectric le Khetho ea Lintho

Botsitso bo sa fetoheng ba dielectric ho pholletsa le maemo a feteletseng a mocheso bo hlalosa motheo wa tshebetso bakeng sa ditshebediso tsa PCB tsa microwave tsa satellite. Di-laminate tse thehilweng ho PTFE ho kenyeletswa le laminate e theohileng e thehilweng ho PTFE le laminate e tlase ya PTFE ya Dk di fana ka thepa e tsitsitseng ya dielectric ka di-coefficients tsa mocheso tse ka tlase ho 50 ppm/°C.

Likarolo tsa PTFE tse tlatsitsoeng ka ceramic li fana ka botsitso bo ntlafalitsoeng le ho fokotsa katoloso ea mocheso, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka momahano oa mekhahlelo lits'ebetsong tsa li-antenna tse tsamaeang ka mekhahlelo. Khetho ea lisebelisoa bakeng sa ho etsoa ha microwave PCB e tlameha ho ikarabella bakeng sa ho feto-fetoha ha dielectric ho pholletsa le maqhubu, ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea motlakase e sa lebelloang ho tloha ho L-band ka ts'ebetso ea Ka-band.

Taolo ea Impedans le Botšepehi ba Letšoao

Taolo ea tšitiso ea likhoele ea phetisetso e ntse e ba bohlokoa le ho feta ha maqhubu a microwave a ntse a eketseha. Ho maqhubu a Ka-band, liphapang tsa geometri esita le li-micrometer tse 10 li ka hlahisa liphoso tse ka lekanyetsoang le ho se tsamaisane ha impedance. Meralo ea Microwave PCB e hloka optimization ea multilayer e nang le botenya ba dielectric bo laoloang hantle le lintlha tsa boima ba koporo.

Li-parameter tsa bohlokoa tsa moralo li kenyelletsa:

• Mamello e thata ea ho kopanya - Lipara tse fapaneng tsa impedance li boloka ho qheleloa ka thoko ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng le ho fokotsa ho fetella ka mokhoa o laoloang oa sebaka.
• Ho tsoela pele ka sefofane - Lifofane tse sa sitisoeng tsa litšupiso li netefatsa tšitiso e tsitsitseng le ho fokotsa tšitiso ea motlakase.
• Leano ka ho beha - Ho beoa ka mekoti ho ntlafatsa litsela tsa ho khutlisa matšoao le kabo ea masimo ho pholletsa le meaho e mengata.

Tahlehelo Tangent le Conductor Surface Quality

Tangent ea tahlehelo ea dielectric e khetholla ka kotloloho ho fokotseha ha lets'oao ho mela ea phetisetso ea microwave PCB. Lisebelisoa tse nang le lintlha tse ka tlase ho 0.001 li hlokahala bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa satellite tsa Ka-band moo litekanyetso tsa lichelete li thibelang tahlehelo e amohelehang.

Bokhopo ba holim'a li-conductor bo kenya letsoho haholo tahlehelong ea ho kenya maqhubu a microwave ka phello ea letlalo. Lisebelisoa tsa koporo tse nang le electrodeposited tse nang le likarolo tse fokotsehileng tsa bokaholimo li fokotsa tahlehelo ea makhetlo a mangata ha li bapisoa le koporo e tloaelehileng e kentsoeng. Phetoho ea ho tloha libakeng tse thata ho ea ho tse boreleli tsa koporo e ka fokotsa tahlehelo ea ho kenya ka 20-30% ho li-circuits tsa Ku-band le Ka-band.

Tsamaiso ea Mocheso ho Microwave PCB bakeng sa Lisebelisoa tsa Satellite

Phallo ea Mocheso oa Tikoloho ea Vacuum

Dikopano tsa PCB tsa microwave tsa satellite di sebetsa dibakeng tsa vacuum moo phetiso ya mocheso o fetisang mocheso e se nang letho, e itshetlehile feela hodima conduction le mahlaseli bakeng sa taolo ya mocheso. Di-module tsa amplifier ya motlakase tse hlahisang di-watts tse 50-100 tsa mocheso di hloka ditsela tse sebetsang tsa mocheso ho thibela maeto a mocheso wa di-junction a senyang botshepehi.

Metal-core printed circuit boards tse nang le aluminium kapa koporo substrates li fana ka conductivity e ntlafetseng ea mocheso ha e bapisoa le PTFE laminates. Thermal vias behoa ka maqiti tlas'a likarolo tse phahameng-matla bopa litsela conductive ka tlaase-mogote-conductivity dielectric layers, ho ntlafatsa ho hasana mocheso ho chesi-mounted mocheso sinki.

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Matching

Likamano tse fapaneng tsa katoloso ea mocheso pakeng tsa li-substrates tsa microwave PCB, li-conductor tsa koporo le liphutheloana tsa likarolo li hlahisa khatello ea thermomechanical nakong ea ho palama baesekele. Litsamaiso tsa lisathalaete li na le ho fetoha ha mocheso ho tloha ho -55°C nakong ea khoeli ea khoeli ho ea ho +125°C tlas'a khanya ea letsatsi.

Thepa e thehiloeng ho PTFE e bonts'a boleng ba CTE ba 50-70 ppm/°C ho Z-axis, e phahame haholo ho feta koporo ho 17 ppm/°C le liphutheloana tsa ceramic ho 6-8 ppm/°C. Ts'ebetso ena e sa lumellaneng e ile ea phatloha ka har'a moqomo le ho khathala ha manonyeletso ka har'a likete tsa potoloho ea mocheso. Li-composites tse tletseng ka ceramic li fokotsa CTE ho 30-40 ppm / ° C, ho ntlafatsa ho tšepahala ha nako e telele.

Thermal Interface Optimization

Likopano tsa Microwave PCB li hloka likhokahano tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa mocheso lipakeng tsa li-substrates le meaho e hasaneng ea mocheso. Lisebelisoa tsa sehokelo sa mocheso li tlameha ho boloka ts'ebetso maemong a vacuum a nang le litšobotsi tsa ho tsoa ka ntle tse fihlelang litlhoko tsa ASTM E595.

Litharollo tsa bohlokoa tsa taolo ea mocheso li kenyelletsa:

• Lisebelisoa tsa mocheso tse thehiloeng ho graphite - Likamano tse lumellanang li amohela phapang ea katoloso ea mocheso ha li ntse li boloka conductivity ka holimo ho 5 W/mK.
• Lisebelisoa tsa phetoho ea mohato - Lik'hemik'hale tse kentsoeng mochesong li lumellana le ho se tloaelehe ha holim'a metsi bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ho kopana ha mocheso.
• Tlamahano e tobileng ea substrate - Likhomaretsi tsa epoxy li theha litsela tse sa feleng tsa mocheso ho lijari tsa tšepe tse nang le bokhoni bo matla ba ho fetisa mocheso.

Ho tšepahala le Litlhoko tsa Sepakapaka-Kereiti

Lisebelisoa tsa PCB tsa microwave tse tšoanelehang sebakeng li feta litekong tse matla ho kenyeletsoa le ho potoloha ha vacuum ka mocheso, ho tšoaneleha ha ho thothomela, le ho hlalosoa ha ho ntšoa ha khase. Lisebelisoa li tlameha ho bontša tahlehelo e felletseng ea boima ka tlase ho 1% le ho bokella thepa e feto-fetohang e ka kolobisang ka tlase ho 0.1% ho latela maemo a ASTM E595 ho thibela tšilafalo ea litsamaiso tsa optical le li-radiator tsa mocheso.

Lithako tse kaholimo ho kenyelletsa nickel electroless palladium mersion khauta li fana ka khanyetso ea oxidation le bophelo bo atolositsoeng ba shelefo e fetang lilemo tse leshome. Tikoloho e matla ea mahlaseli libakeng tsa geostationary le tse mahareng tsa Lefatše li hloka lisebelisoa tse hananang le oksijene ea athomo le ho senyeha ha ultraviolet. Teko ea ho tšoaneleha ha moralo e netefatsa ts'ebetso ea microwave PCB ho pholletsa le nako ea misio ea lilemo tse 15 ka mekhahlelo e nepahetseng ea polokeho.

Lintlha tsa Tlhahiso le Teko bakeng sa Microwave PCB

Litlhoko tsa ho etsa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng

Tlhahiso ea PCB ea microwave e hloka ho cheka ka nepo ka mamello ea maemo ka har'a li-micrometer tse ± 25 le ho cheka botebo bo laoloang bakeng sa li-vias tse foufetseng meahong ea mekhahlelo e mengata. Mekhoa ea ho lamination e hloka liprofaele tse nepahetseng tsa khatello le mocheso ho fihlela botenya ba dielectric bo reriloeng ha ho ntse ho fokotsoa li-voids le liphetoho tsa phallo ea resin.

Lisebelisoa tsa substrate tsa maqhubu a phahameng li hlahisa liphephetso tse ikhethang tsa mochini ka lebaka la bonolo le tšekamelo ea tsona ea ho senya nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho cheka. Lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa ho itšeha li thibela tšenyo ea thepa le ho boloka ho nepahala ha maemo.

Teko ea Motlakase le ho netefatsa

Litekanyo tsa marang-rang tsa analyzer li netefatsa li-parameter tsa S ho kenyelletsa tahlehelo ea ho kenya, tahlehelo ea ho khutla, le ho lieha ha sehlopha ho pholletsa le mekhahlelo ea ts'ebetso. Teko ea li-flying probe e netefatsa tsoelo-pele ea potoloho ha e ntse e qoba li-resonances tse susumetsoang ke fixture tse sitisang ho nepahala ha tekanyo ea maqhubu a microwave.

Liprothokholo tsa liteko li kenyelletsa:

• Sebopeho sa S-parameter - Tlhahlobo ea marang-rang ea Vector e tiisa ho ts'oana le boleng ba phetisetso ho tloha DC ho ea Ka-band.
• Nako-domain reflectometry - E hloaea ho khaotsa ho thibela ho thibela le ho fumana liphoso tsa tlhahiso mecheng ea phetisetso.
• Netefatso ea libaesekele tse futhumetseng - E netefatsa botšepehi bo kopanetsoeng ba solder le botsitso ba thepa ho pholletsa le mocheso o feteletseng oa ts'ebetso.

Lisebelisoa tse Tloaelehileng ho Satellite Systems

Theknoloji ea Microwave PCB e thusa litsamaiso tsa bohlokoa tsa puisano tsa sathelaete tse kenyelletsang marang-rang a phepelo ea li-antenna tse tsamaisang mats'oao ho likarolo tse nang le amplitude e laoloang le likamano tsa mekhahlelo. Waveguide-to-microstrip transition circuits interface pakeng tsa likaroloana tsa waveguide tse nang le mahlakore a mabeli le melapo ea phetisetso e hlophisitsoeng ho liboto tsa potoloho tse hatisitsoeng.

Dimojule tsa amplifier ya matla di kopanya di-transistor tse nang le matla a maholo le marangrang a bapisang impedance le di-circuitry tsa taolo ya leeme hodima di-substrate tse ntlafaditsweng ka mocheso. Dimojule tsa phetiso le kamohelo di kopanya di-amplifiers tse nang le lerata le tlase, di-phase shifters, le marangrang a switjhang dikopanong tse nyane tse tshehetsang ditsamaiso tsa di-antenna tse nang le mekhahlelo.

fihlela qeto e

Moralo o tsoetseng pele oa microwave PCB o sebetsa e le motheo oa bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse tšepahalang tsa puisano tsa sathelaete tse sebetsang ho tloha ho L-band ho isa ho Ka-band frequency range. Ho finyella ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ho hloka ho kopanngoa ho leka-lekaneng ha thepa ea tahlehelo e tlaase, tsamaiso e nepahetseng ea mocheso, le ho etsoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng - ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ho pholletsa le mesebetsi ea nako e telele.

Ho Highleap Electronics, re sebetsa ka thata ho:

• Thepa ea dielectric e lahleheloang ke boleng bo tlase bakeng sa botšepehi bo tsitsitseng ba lets'oao ho pholletsa le lihlopha tse pharaletseng tsa maqhubu.

• Lamination e nang le mekhahlelo e mengata e nepahetseng le taolo e tiileng ea impedance bakeng sa meralo e rarahaneng ea RF.

• Ho eketsa ts'epo ea mocheso ka ho qhala mocheso ka mokhoa o tsoetseng pele le ka maano a moralo.

• Tšehetso e felletseng ea boenjiniere ho tloha ho boeletsi ba moralo ho isa ho liteko tsa mangolo.

Ka bokgoni bona, re thusa bahlahisi ba puisano ya sathelaete ho fihlella ditharollo tse nyane, tse sebetsang ka maqhubu a hodimo tsa PCB tse fihlelang maemo a tshebetso a hlokang botsitso le a ho tshepahala. Ikopanye le Highleap Electronics kajeno ho buisana ka projeke ya hao e latelang ya sathelaete kapa ya microwave PCB.